CN107448160B - Reverse circulation well drilling device - Google Patents
Reverse circulation well drilling device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107448160B CN107448160B CN201710672344.0A CN201710672344A CN107448160B CN 107448160 B CN107448160 B CN 107448160B CN 201710672344 A CN201710672344 A CN 201710672344A CN 107448160 B CN107448160 B CN 107448160B
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- liquid outlet
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- liquid inlet
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 220
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/01—Arrangements for handling drilling fluids or cuttings outside the borehole, e.g. mud boxes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a reverse circulation drilling device. The invention relates to a reverse circulation drilling device, which comprises: the drill bit and the converter are fixedly connected with the drill bit; the drill bit is provided with a central through hole and a sparse side hole positioned outside the central through hole; a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are formed in the converter; the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid outlet of the drill rod, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid inlet of the edging hole; the liquid inlet end of the liquid outlet channel is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel is communicated with an annulus formed between the drill rod and the well wall; the liquid inlet channel is provided with an injection channel communicated with the liquid outlet channel, and part of the initial drilling fluid in the liquid inlet channel is injected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel through the injection channel. According to the invention, through the central through hole and the sparse side hole of the drill bit, the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel of the converter and the jet channel, the rock scraps and the rock slag at the bottom of the well can be thoroughly cleaned, the well drilling efficiency is improved, and the problems of bottom hole pressure holding effect and secondary crushing are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a reverse circulation drilling device.
Background
Drilling is an important step in oil and gas development, and the drilling efficiency greatly influences the cost of oil and gas exploration and exploitation.
Existing drilling equipment generally includes: the drill bit and the drilling rod that is connected with the drill bit, wherein, the drilling rod has offered the feed liquor pipeline that is used for filling drilling fluid along length direction, and the center of drill bit also is provided with the center tube with the feed liquor pipeline intercommunication on the drilling rod, is provided with a plurality of wings at the periphery of drill bit, has offered the link up recess that drilling fluid flows between two adjacent wings. During drilling, drilling fluid is pumped into a fluid inlet pipeline of the drill rod, then is sprayed into a drilling surface through the central pipe, rock scraps can be wrapped in the drilling fluid in the process, and flows into an annulus between a well wall and the drill rod through a through groove formed between two adjacent blades, and finally flows out of a wellhead.
However, this drilling method can impact cuttings from the center position to the well wall, which is prone to problems of bottom hole pressure holding effect and secondary crushing, and reduces the efficiency of drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a reverse circulation drilling device which is used for improving the drilling efficiency.
The invention provides a reverse circulation drilling device, comprising: the drill bit and the converter are fixedly connected with the drill bit; the drill bit is provided with a central through hole and a sparse side hole positioned outside the central through hole; a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are formed in the converter; the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid outlet of the drill rod, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid inlet of the edging hole; the liquid inlet end of the liquid outlet channel is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel is communicated with an annulus formed between the drill rod and the well wall; the liquid inlet channel is provided with an injection channel communicated with the liquid outlet channel, and part of the initial drilling fluid in the liquid inlet channel is injected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel through the injection channel.
The reverse circulation drilling device is characterized in that a liquid inlet ring is formed at the end part of the converter, connected with the drill bit, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid inlet of the edging hole through the liquid inlet ring.
The reverse circulation drilling apparatus as described above, wherein the fluid intake passage comprises: a central upper pipe and a plurality of liquid inlet branch pipes; the open end of the central upper pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the drill rod, and the inner surface of the closed end of the central upper pipe is an arc surface; the central upper pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet ring through the liquid inlet branch pipe.
The reverse circulation drilling apparatus as described above, wherein the inlet of the fluid inlet branch pipe has a circular or elliptical shape.
The reverse circulation drilling apparatus as described above, wherein the liquid outlet passage comprises: a central lower pipe and a plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes; the open end of the central lower pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole, and the inner surface of the closed end of the central lower pipe is a conical surface; the central lower pipe is communicated with the annulus through a liquid outlet branch pipe.
The reverse circulation drilling apparatus as described above, wherein each of the outlet branches communicates with one of the injection channels.
The reverse circulation drilling device as described above, wherein the plurality of liquid inlet branch pipes and the plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes are disposed to intersect in a circumferential direction.
The reverse circulation drilling apparatus as described above, wherein the transducer comprises an outer wall, wherein the outer wall, the liquid inlet channel, the liquid outlet channel, and the injection channel are integrally formed as a single piece.
The reverse circulation drilling device, wherein the bottom end of the drill bit is provided with a plurality of blades at intervals along the circumferential direction; the liquid outlet of the edging hole is arranged between two adjacent blades.
The reverse circulation drilling apparatus as described above, wherein the cross-sectional area of the borduring hole is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
According to the reverse circulation drilling device provided by the invention, the initial drilling fluid reaches the bottom of a well through the fluid inlet channel of the converter and the side-thinning holes of the drill bit, and the rock scraps and the rock residues are cleaned, so that the rock-carrying drilling fluid flows into the annulus between the drill rod and the well wall through the central through hole of the drill bit and the fluid outlet channel of the converter, and a part of the initial drilling fluid of the fluid inlet channel flows into the fluid outlet channel through the jet channel, so that the flow of the rock-carrying drilling fluid is accelerated, the rock scraps and the rock residues at the bottom of the well can be thoroughly cleaned, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the problems of bottom hole pressure holding effect and secondary crushing are avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a reverse circulation drilling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 1 rotated 45;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a bottom view of fig. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100: a converter; 110: a liquid inlet channel;
111: a central upper tube; 111a: a cambered surface;
112: a liquid inlet branch pipe; 120: a liquid outlet channel;
121: a central down tube; 121a: conical surface;
122: a liquid outlet branch pipe; 130: a jet channel;
140: a liquid inlet ring; 150: an outer wall;
200: a drill bit; 210: a central through hole;
220: a thinning hole; 230: a blade;
240: a peripheral sidewall; 241: and (5) a gage end.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and explanation only, and the invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
In the present invention, the "upper" direction refers to a position near one end of the drill rod, and the "lower" direction refers to a position near one end of the drill bit.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the initial drilling fluid refers to the drilling fluid which is pumped out from the mud pump to the drill pipe, and does not carry rock debris and rock slag; the rock-carrying drilling fluid refers to the drilling fluid which passes through a bottom hole working surface and carries rock scraps and rock slag.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a reverse circulation drilling apparatus according to the present invention, fig. 2 is a sectional view A-A of fig. 1, fig. 3 is a front view rotated 45 ° of fig. 1, fig. 4 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 3, fig. 5 is a plan view of fig. 1, and fig. 6 is a bottom view of fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the reverse circulation drilling apparatus provided in this embodiment includes: a drill bit 200 and a transducer 100 fixedly connected to the drill bit 200; the drill bit 200 is provided with a central through hole 210 and a sparse side hole 220 positioned outside the central through hole 210; a liquid inlet channel 110 and a liquid outlet channel 120 are formed in the converter 100; the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet channel 110 is used for communicating with the liquid outlet of a drill rod (not shown), and the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel 110 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the edging hole 220; the liquid inlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole 210, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120 is used for communicating with an annulus formed between a drill rod and a well wall (not shown); the liquid inlet channel 110 is provided with a jet channel 130 communicated with the liquid outlet channel 120, and part of the initial drilling fluid in the liquid inlet channel 110 is jetted to the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120 through the jet channel 130.
Specifically, the drill bit 200 and the transducer 100 are fixedly connected together, which may be fixedly connected by threads, for example: single screw threads, double screw threads, etc. The reverse circulation drilling device of the embodiment can be that the drill bit 200 is provided with external threads which are matched with internal threads arranged on the converter 100 to realize fixed connection; alternatively, the drill bit 200 is provided with internal threads that mate with external threads provided on the transducer 100 to achieve a secure connection. Of course, the drill bit 200 and the transducer 100 may be fixedly connected by welding or other connection methods, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the drill bit 200 is provided with a central through hole 210, a liquid inlet of the central through hole 210 is provided at a lower end of the drill bit 200, and a liquid outlet of the central through hole 210 is provided at an upper end of the drill bit 200 and communicates with the liquid outlet channel 120. The cross section of the central through hole 210 may be circular, elliptical, polygonal, or irregularly shaped, etc. In order to reduce the resistance of the central through hole to the drilling fluid, so that the drilling fluid is smooth, the central through hole is preferably a circular hole.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 4, a side-thinning hole 220 is provided outside the central through hole 210 of the drill 200, a liquid inlet of the side-thinning hole 220 is communicated with the liquid inlet channel 110, and a liquid outlet of the side-thinning hole 220 is provided at the bottom end of the drill 200. The side-thinning holes 220 may be provided in one or more. The cross-section of the bordure aperture 220 may be circular, oval, polygonal, or other irregular shape. Referring to fig. 6, the cross section of the edge-thinning hole 220 in this embodiment is polygonal, and includes two concentric arcs and a straight line connecting the two arcs, so as to form a trapezoid with an arc edge, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can design the trapezoid according to practical situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the drill bit 200 of the present embodiment has a tapered upper end and a cylindrical gage end 241 at a lower end. The open-sided bore 220 of this embodiment is isolated from the annulus between the drill bit 200 and the borehole wall (not shown) by the peripheral side wall 240, thereby ensuring that the two do not communicate directly. The gage end 241 is generally cylindrical in shape and the portion of the borings 220 passing through this location is not in communication with the annulus between the drill bit 200 and the borehole wall (not shown). In actual use, the initial drilling fluid flows from the borings 220 to the bottom end of the drill bit 200, i.e., downhole, while the gap between the gage end 241 and the borehole wall is small, and the drilling fluid carrying cuttings flows upward from the central throughbore 210. Of course, the drill bit of the present invention may have other structures, and those skilled in the art may design the drill bit according to the actual drilling situation.
A liquid inlet channel 110 and a liquid outlet channel 120 are formed in the converter 100. The liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet channel 110 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the drill rod, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel 110 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the edging hole 220, so that the initial drilling fluid in the drill rod enters the liquid inlet channel 110 through the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet channel 110, flows into the edging hole 220 from the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel 110, and finally flows to the bottom of the well. The liquid inlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole 210, the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120 is communicated with the annular space formed between the drill rod and the well wall, the rock-carrying drilling fluid at the bottom of the well enters the liquid outlet channel 120 from the central through hole 210 through the liquid inlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120, flows into the annular space between the drill rod and the well wall from the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120, finally flows to the well surface, enters the mud purification system for deslagging and filtering, and the like. Thus, the initial drilling fluid enters the bottom of the well from the periphery of the drill bit, and is reserved from the middle of the drill bit after carrying rock fragments, so that the bottom hole pressure holding effect and secondary crushing are reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
According to fluid dynamics, the initial drilling fluid is pumped out from a slurry pump into a drill rod, so that the drilling fluid has strong power; the power of the rock-carrying drilling fluid is less than that of the initial drilling fluid after the impact on the rock scraps and the rock slag, and the rock scraps, the rock slag and the like are carried to flow upwards, so that the rock-carrying drilling fluid can flow upwards rapidly and the drilling efficiency is improved in order to provide power for the rock-carrying drilling fluid, and an injection channel 130 is arranged between the liquid inlet channel 110 and the liquid outlet channel 120, so that part of the initial drilling fluid in the liquid inlet channel 110 can be injected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel 120 through the injection channel 130. Specifically, after the initial drilling fluid in the drill rod flows into the fluid inlet channel 110, one part of the drilling fluid enters the side-dredging holes 220 through the fluid inlet channel 110 to carry rock debris and rock slag at the bottom of the well, and the other part of the drilling fluid is sprayed into the fluid outlet channel 120 through the spraying channel 130. Because the initial drilling fluid sprayed from the spraying channel 130 and the drilling fluid carried by the rock in the liquid outlet channel 120 have the same flow direction, additional power is provided for the drilling fluid carried by the rock in the liquid outlet channel 120, so that the liquid outlet speed is improved, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the liquid inlet channel 110, the liquid outlet channel 120, and the injection channel 130 may be separate pipes, so as to achieve the above-mentioned communication relationship; the liquid inlet channel 110, the liquid outlet channel 120, and the injection channel 130 may be formed by forming a through hole in one columnar member; of course, other structural forms may be adopted, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
The injection channel 130 may be provided with one and is communicated with the liquid outlet channel 120 to provide power for the rock carrying drilling fluid of the liquid outlet channel 120. The injection channels 130 may be provided in plurality, and preferably provide power for the drilling fluid carried by the fluid outlet channel 120. The number of the injection channels and the cross-sectional area of the injection channels can be designed by a person skilled in the art according to the actual situation of drilling, so that power can be provided for the rock-carrying drilling fluid of the fluid outlet channel, and the initial drilling fluid which flows into the bottom of the well can be ensured. Further, the cross section of the injection channel 130 may be circular, elliptical, polygonal or other irregular shape, so that the drilling fluid flow is smoother, and the cross section of the injection channel 130 is preferably circular or elliptical in this embodiment.
According to the reverse circulation drilling device, through the liquid inlet channel of the converter and the side-dredging holes of the drill bit, the initial drilling fluid reaches the bottom of the well, rock scraps and rock slag are cleaned, through the central through hole of the drill bit and the liquid outlet channel of the converter, the rock-carrying drilling fluid flows into the annulus between the drill rod and the well wall, and through the injection channel, a part of the initial drilling fluid of the liquid inlet channel flows into the liquid outlet channel, so that the flow of the rock-carrying drilling fluid is accelerated, the rock scraps and the rock slag at the bottom of the well can be thoroughly cleaned, the drilling efficiency is improved, the problems of bottom hole pressure holding effect and secondary crushing are avoided, and the pressure holding effect and leakage prevention can be reduced.
Further, the end of the converter 100 of the reverse circulation drilling device connected to the drill bit 200 of the present embodiment is formed with a liquid inlet ring 140, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel 110 is communicated with the liquid inlet of the side thinning hole 220 through the liquid inlet ring 140. Specifically, the initial drilling fluid flows into the fluid inlet channel 110, passes through the fluid inlet ring 140, and flows into the side-thinning holes 220, and in the installation process, the fluid inlet channel of the converter 100 does not need to be in one-to-one correspondence with the side-thinning holes of the drill 200, so that the installation of the converter and the drill is simpler and more convenient. And under the condition of setting a plurality of liquid inlet channels and the edging holes, the liquid inlet channels and the edging holes do not need to be set to be the same in number, and the initial drilling fluid passing through each liquid inlet channel is collected in the liquid inlet ring and respectively enters each edging hole, so that the liquid inlet channels and the edging holes can be provided with more setting modes, and the drill bit can be suitable for more structures.
Based on the above embodiments, the liquid inlet channel 110 of the present embodiment includes: a central upper tube 111 and a plurality of liquid inlet branch tubes 112; the open end of the central upper pipe 111 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the drill rod, and the inner surface of the closed end of the central upper pipe 111 is a cambered surface 111a; the central upper tube 111 communicates with the liquid inlet ring 140 through the liquid inlet branch tube 112. Specifically, the open end of the center upper tube 111 communicates with the drill pipe's fluid outlet such that the initial drilling fluid enters the center upper tube 111 via the drill pipe's fluid outlet. The inner surface of the closed end of the center tube 111 is formed as an arc surface 111a, which can reduce the resistance of the initial drilling fluid to flow and avoid unnecessary energy loss of the initial drilling fluid. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the closed end of the center tube may be provided in a spherical or ellipsoidal configuration extending toward the drill bit.
The liquid inlet of the liquid inlet branch pipe 112 may be provided on the side wall of the central upper pipe 111 or may be provided on the arc surface of the central upper pipe 111. As a preferred embodiment, the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet branch pipe 112 is disposed on the arc surface 111a of the central upper pipe 111, so that the drilling liquid can be prevented from gathering and swirling on the arc surface 111a, and the initial drilling liquid can be more smoothly flowed. The inlet of the inlet manifold 112 may be circular, oval, square or other irregular shape. To further reduce the resistance to the initial drilling fluid flow to provide a more unobstructed drilling fluid flow, the present embodiment preferably has the inlet of the manifold 112 with a circular or oval shape.
In the present embodiment, the liquid inlet of the injection channel 130 is disposed on the cambered surface 111a of the closed end of the central upper tube 111, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be disposed on a side wall of the middle portion of the central upper tube 111, for example. After the initial drilling fluid in the drill rod enters the central upper pipe 111, a part of the initial drilling fluid enters the fluid inlet ring 140 through the plurality of fluid inlet branch pipes 112, and flows to the sparse side holes 220 after the initial drilling fluid is collected in the fluid inlet ring 140. Another portion of the drilling fluid flows into the fluid outlet channel 120 through the injection channel 130 to power the flow of the drilling fluid carrying the rock.
Further, the liquid outlet channel 120 of the present embodiment includes: a center down tube 121, and a plurality of outlet branches 122; the open end of the central lower tube 121 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole 210 of the drill bit 200, and the inner surface of the closed end of the central lower tube 121 is a conical surface 121a; the central down tube 121 communicates with the annulus via a outlet leg 122. Specifically, the open end of the central down tube 121 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole 210 of the drill bit 200, and the central down tube 121 is communicated with the annulus between the drill rod and the well wall through the liquid outlet branch pipe 122, so that the rock-carrying drilling fluid enters the liquid outlet branch pipe 122 from the central through hole 210 of the drill bit through the central down tube 121, flows into the annulus between the drill rod and the well wall, and returns to the ground. The inner surface of the closed end of the central lower pipe 121 is provided with a conical surface 121a, so that the upward flowing rock-carrying drilling fluid can be dispersed and flow to the plurality of fluid outlet branch pipes 122, and rock debris, rock slag and the like are prevented from accumulating at the closed end of the central lower pipe 121.
The liquid inlets of the plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes 122 can be arranged on the side wall of the middle part of the central lower pipe 121, and can also be arranged on the conical surface 121a of the closed end, and in the embodiment, the liquid inlets of the liquid outlet branch pipes 122 are preferably arranged on the side wall of the central lower pipe 121, so that the flowing of the rock-carrying drilling fluid is smoother, and the processing is convenient. The cross section of the outlet pipe 122 may be circular, elliptical, square or other irregular shape. Referring to fig. 5, as a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the outlet manifold 122 is in the shape of a trapezoid comprising two concentric arcs and a straight line connecting the two arcs to form a trapezoid with arcuate sides. In order to enable large-particle rock slag and rock debris to rapidly flow into an annulus, and prevent the rock slag and rock debris from being blocked in a liquid outlet branch pipe, the cross-sectional area of the liquid outlet branch pipe of the embodiment is gradually increased from bottom to top, but the invention is not limited to the cross-sectional area, and a person skilled in the art can design according to actual drilling conditions.
In the present embodiment, the liquid outlet of the injection passage 130 is disposed on the side wall of the middle of the liquid outlet branch pipe 122. The injection channel 130 may be provided one in communication with one of the outlet branches 122; the number of the injection passages 130 may be plural, and one injection passage 130 may be provided in one of the liquid outlet pipes 122, or plural injection passages 130 may be provided in one of the liquid outlet pipes 122. The present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
As a preferred embodiment, each of the outlet branches 122 is provided with a jet channel 130, so that each outlet branch 122 can obtain the initial drilling fluid through one jet channel 130, and power the rock-carrying drilling fluid, so that the converter 100 is more balanced, and backflow of the drilling fluid to the outlet branch without the jet channel is avoided. Each of the outlet legs 122 is provided with a jet channel 130 which provides power for carrying the rock drilling fluid and also does not require excessive jet channels to make machining more cumbersome.
The rock carrying drilling fluid at the bottom of the well carries rock slag and rock scraps to enter the central lower pipe 121 through the central through hole 210 of the drill bit 200 and then enter the plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes 122, and part of the initial drilling fluid of the central upper pipe 111 enters the liquid outlet branch pipes 122 through the injection channels 130 to provide power for the rock carrying drilling fluid, so that the rock carrying drilling fluid is promoted to flow to the annular space rapidly, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the plurality of liquid inlet branch pipes 112 and the plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes 122 are arranged in a cross manner along the circumferential direction, for example, four liquid inlet branch pipes and four liquid outlet branch pipes are arranged, so that not only can enough arrangement space be ensured, but also the liquid inlet can flow downwards along the circumferential direction and the liquid outlet can flow upwards along the circumferential direction, and the balance stability of the converter and the drill bit is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the converter 100 of the present embodiment includes an outer wall 150, and the outer wall 150 is integrally formed with the liquid inlet channel 110, the liquid outlet channel 120, and the injection channel 130. Specifically, the liquid inlet channel 110 and the liquid outlet channel 120 may be separate pipes, and are welded to the outer wall 150 by brazing, resistance welding, or other welding methods. In the same manner, the injection passage 130 is also welded to the liquid inlet passage 110 and the liquid outlet passage 120 by brazing, resistance welding, or the like. The converter 100 may also be a cylinder, in which through holes are formed as the liquid inlet channel 110, the liquid outlet channel 120, and the injection channel 130. The present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 5, the bottom end of the drill bit 200 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of blades 230 at intervals along the circumferential direction; the liquid outlet of the bordure hole 220 is disposed between two adjacent blades 230. Specifically, the blade may be a structure of a blade in the prior art, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The side-thinning holes 220 may be provided in one or more. In order to enable the cuttings and the rock slag cut by each blade to be cleaned away in time and keep the balance of the drill bit, in this embodiment, a edging hole 220, for example, a five-blade drill bit, is preferably arranged between every two blades 230, and five edging holes 220 are arranged; referring to fig. 5, a six-blade drill bit is provided with six borings 220.
With further reference to fig. 2, since the liquid inlet ring 140 is formed to extend at the end of the converter 100 connected to the drill bit 200, the initial drilling fluid of the liquid inlet branch pipe 112 is collected at the liquid inlet ring 140 and then flows to the side-thinning holes 220, so that the converter 100 can be applied to drill bits with different numbers of blades, and the versatility of the reverse circulation drilling device is improved.
In order to enable the initial drilling fluid in the edging holes to be sprayed out quickly and improve the drilling efficiency, the cross-sectional area of the edging holes 220 is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 5, since the inner surface of the closed end of the central upper tube 111 is the arc surface 111a, a larger hole arrangement area can be provided, and the liquid outlets of the plurality of liquid inlet branch tubes 112 and the liquid inlets of the plurality of injection channels 130 are arranged on the arc surface 111a of the closed end of the central upper tube 111, and can be arranged in a crossed manner along the circumferential direction or arranged up and down. In order to not only provide power for the rock-carrying drilling fluid of the fluid outlet branch pipe, but also ensure that the initial drilling fluid flowing into the bottom of the well is enough, the equivalent cross-sectional area of the fluid inlet branch pipe and the equivalent cross-sectional area of the injection channel of the embodiment are set according to a certain proportion, and the proportion of the embodiment can be 8:1-10:1, preferably 9:1, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A reverse circulation drilling apparatus, comprising: the drill bit and the converter are fixedly connected with the drill bit;
the drill bit is provided with a central through hole and a sparse side hole positioned outside the central through hole;
a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are formed in the converter; the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid outlet of the drill rod, the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid inlet of the edging hole, and the liquid outlet of the edging hole is arranged at the bottom end of the drill bit; the liquid inlet end of the liquid outlet channel is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel is communicated with an annulus formed between the drill rod and the well wall;
the liquid inlet channel is provided with an injection channel communicated with the liquid outlet channel, and part of initial drilling fluid in the liquid inlet channel is injected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet channel through the injection channel;
a liquid inlet ring is formed at the end part of the converter, which is connected with the drill bit, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid inlet of the edging hole through the liquid inlet ring;
the bottom end of the drill bit is provided with a plurality of blades at intervals along the circumferential direction; the liquid outlet of the edge thinning hole is arranged between two adjacent blades;
the cross section area of the edging holes is gradually reduced from top to bottom;
the converter comprises an outer wall, and the outer wall, the liquid inlet channel, the liquid outlet channel and the injection channel are integrally formed into a whole.
2. The reverse circulation drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fluid intake passage comprises: a central upper pipe and a plurality of liquid inlet branch pipes; the open end of the central upper pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the drill rod, and the inner surface of the closed end of the central upper pipe is an arc surface; the central upper pipe is communicated with the liquid inlet ring through the liquid inlet branch pipe.
3. The reverse circulation drilling apparatus of claim 2, wherein the inlet of the inlet manifold is circular or elliptical in shape.
4. The reverse circulation drilling apparatus of claim 2, wherein the fluid outlet passage comprises: a central lower pipe and a plurality of liquid outlet branch pipes; the opening end of the central lower pipe is communicated with the liquid outlet of the central through hole, and the inner surface of the closed end of the central lower pipe is a conical surface; the central lower pipe is communicated with the annulus through the liquid outlet branch pipe.
5. The reverse circulation drilling apparatus of claim 4, wherein each of said fluid outlet legs communicates with one of said injection channels.
6. The reverse circulation drilling apparatus of claim 4, wherein the plurality of fluid inlet branches and the plurality of fluid outlet branches are disposed to intersect in a circumferential direction.
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| CN201710672344.0A CN107448160B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Reverse circulation well drilling device |
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| CN201710672344.0A CN107448160B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Reverse circulation well drilling device |
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| CN107448160A CN107448160A (en) | 2017-12-08 |
| CN107448160B true CN107448160B (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| CN110344772B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-09-01 | 四川轻化工大学 | Reverse circulation drilling circulation channel switching nipple |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6899188B2 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2005-05-31 | Sunstone Corporation | Down hole drilling assembly with concentric casing actuated jet pump |
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| US4223747A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1980-09-23 | Compagnie Francaise Des Petroles | Drilling using reverse circulation |
| CN1636106A (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2005-07-06 | 普雷斯索有限公司 | Two string drilling system |
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| CN107448160A (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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