CN107446554B - Preparation method of wide phase-change temperature zone shape-stabilized phase-change material - Google Patents
Preparation method of wide phase-change temperature zone shape-stabilized phase-change material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material, which comprises the following steps: preparing carrier mesoporous silicon oxide for the wide phase change temperature region shape-stabilized phase change material; preparing a shaped phase change material lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15; preparing a shaped phase change material polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15; preparing a shaped phase change material stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15; preparing a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material; and preparing the shape-stabilized phase-change material with a wide phase-change temperature area. The material provided by the invention effectively avoids mutual reaction of core materials caused by direct mixing, has poor fusion, low phase-change enthalpy and low cost, and improves the heat-conducting property of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of phase change materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a wide phase change temperature region shaping phase change material.
Background
Energy is a technology on which human beings live and develop, but there is often a contradiction between energy supplies that are not matched in terms of time and space, and at present, many energy sources cannot be reasonably and fully utilized.
In the field of energy storage and application, the phase-change material is receiving more and more attention due to the advantages of large energy storage density, reusability, good stability and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of building energy conservation, intelligent temperature-adjusting fabrics, solar photo-thermal systems, electronic device heat dissipation, industrial waste heat utilization, air conditioning systems and the like. Currently, research on organic shape-stabilized phase-change materials mainly focuses on a single core material, and the pure-component organic shape-stabilized phase-change material has a narrow phase-change temperature zone and is mainly used for temperature control systems with strict requirements on temperature, such as temperature control packaging, battery thermal management, electronic component temperature control and the like. However, in the fields of building energy conservation, sunlight greenhouses, intelligent heat storage clothing and the like, the heat absorption/release amount of the phase change energy storage material is greatly influenced by the change of seasons and weather, so that the utilization rate and the heat storage amount of the phase change material are reduced, and the advantages of energy storage and energy conservation cannot be fully exerted.
In order to enhance the environmental adaptability of the phase-change material and improve the utilization rate and the heat storage capacity of the phase-change material, different organic phase-change materials can be mixed to prepare a core material shape-stabilized phase-change material, and the phase-change temperature area of the phase-change material is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material, which effectively avoids mutual reaction of core materials, poor fusion, low phase-change enthalpy and low cost caused by direct mixing and improves the heat-conducting property of the material.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of carrier mesoporous silica for wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Adding 4.0g of P123 (polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer) into a beaker, adding 30g of distilled water and 120g of 1.8-2.2M hydrochloric acid, placing the beaker into a water bath kettle, stirring for 3h, then adding 8.5g of TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate), stirring for 20h at 35 ℃, transferring the emulsion into a hydrothermal reaction kettle after the reaction is finished, and calcining to obtain mesoporous silica SBA-15 after crystallization, centrifugation, washing and drying;
step 2, preparing a shaped phase change material lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 1-10mg of copper nanowires, 1-10mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/L Lauric Acid (LA) ethanol solution, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 39 ℃;
step 3, preparing the shaped phase-change material polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 1-10mg of copper nanowires, 1-10mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/L ethanol solution of polyethylene glycol, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain PEG/Cu/Ag/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 50 ℃;
step 4, preparing shaped phase-change material stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 1-10mg of copper nanowires, 1-10mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of ethanol solution of stearic acid, stirring for 4h at 65 ℃, and drying for 24h at 80 ℃ to obtain stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 60 ℃;
step 5, preparation of wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Fully mixing the shaping phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures, namely lauric acid/copper/silver/SiO 2, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SiO 2 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SiO 2, and preparing the wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material with the phase-change temperature region of 39-60 ℃.
In the improvement, in the step 1, the crystallization temperature is 100 ℃, the calcination temperature is 500 ℃, and the molar concentration of hydrochloric acid is 2M.
As a modification, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol in step 3 is 2000.
As a modification, the concentration of the ethanol solution of stearic acid in the step 4 is 1 g/L.
As a modification, the dosage of the copper nanowires in the step 2, the step 3 and the step 4 is 5mg, and the dosage of the silver nanoparticles is 5 mg.
As an improvement, the mass ratio of the three shape-stabilized phase change materials of lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 in the step 5 is (1-2): (1-2).
The principle is as follows: the invention firstly utilizes mesoporous silicon oxide (SiO2) to fix Lauric Acid (LA) to prepare a lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 shape-stabilized phase-change material with the phase-change temperature of 39 ℃, then mesoporous silicon oxide (SiO2) is used for fixing polyethylene glycol (PEG) to prepare a polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 shape-stabilized phase change material with the phase change temperature of 50 ℃, then mesoporous silicon oxide (SiO2) is used for fixing stearic acid (CA) to prepare a stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-1 shape-stabilized phase change material with the phase change temperature of 60 ℃, and finally the shape-stabilized phase change materials of different phase change temperatures, namely lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-1, are mixed according to a certain proportion to prepare the wide phase change temperature region shape-stabilized phase change material with the phase change temperature region of 39-60 ℃. In addition, the heat conductivity of the wide phase change temperature region shaping phase change material can be adjusted by adding the copper nanowires and the silver nanoparticles, and the application field of the material is expanded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the phase-change material core materials with different phase-change temperatures are fixed in the mesoporous silicon oxide to prepare the shape-stabilized phase-change material heat storage particles with different phase-change temperatures, and then the heat storage particles with different phase-change temperatures are mixed to prepare the shape-stabilized phase-change material with a wide phase-change temperature zone, so that the problems of mutual reaction of the core materials, poor fusion, low phase-change enthalpy and the like caused by direct mixing of the phase-change material core materials are effectively avoided;
2. by changing the proportion of different core material shape-stabilized phase-change materials and the matching of the copper nanowires and the silver nanoparticles, the phase-change temperature area and the heat conductivity of the core material shape-stabilized phase-change material can be regulated and controlled, and the application range of the core material shape-stabilized phase-change material is expanded.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
P123 is an abbreviation for chemical reagent polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer, purchased from sigma aldrich trade ltd;
TEOS is tetraethylorthosilicate, purchased from the national pharmaceutical group chemical reagents, Inc.
Example 1
A preparation method of a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of carrier mesoporous silica for wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Adding 4.0g of P123 into a beaker, adding 30g of distilled water and 120g of 1.8M hydrochloric acid, placing the beaker into a water bath kettle, stirring for 3h, then adding 8.5g of TEOS, stirring for 20h at 35 ℃, transferring the emulsion into a hydrothermal reaction kettle after the reaction is finished, and calcining to obtain mesoporous silica SBA-15 after crystallization, centrifugation, washing and drying;
step 2, preparing a shaped phase change material lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 3mg of copper nanowires, 4mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/LLA ethanol solution, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 39 ℃;
step 3, preparing the shaped phase-change material polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 3mg of copper nanowires, 4mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/LPEG ethanol solution, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 50 ℃;
step 4, preparing shaped phase-change material stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 3mg of copper nanowire, 4mg of silver nanoparticle and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of Ca ethanol solution, stirring for 4h at 65 ℃, and drying for 24h at 80 ℃ to obtain stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 60 ℃;
step 5, preparation of wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Fully mixing the shape-stabilized phase change materials with different phase change temperatures, namely lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 to prepare the wide phase change temperature region shape-stabilized phase change material with the phase change temperature region of 39-60 ℃;
wherein, in the step 1, the crystallization temperature is 100 ℃, and the calcination temperature is 500 ℃.
The molecular weight of PEG in step 3 is 2000.
The concentration of the ethanol solution of stearic acid in the step 4 is 1 g/L.
In the step 5, the mass ratio of three shape-stabilized phase change materials of lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 is 1:1: 1.
Example 2
A preparation method of a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of carrier mesoporous silica for wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Adding 4.0g of P123 into a beaker, adding 30g of distilled water and 120g of 2.0M hydrochloric acid, placing the beaker into a water bath kettle, stirring for 3 hours, then adding 8.5g of TEOS, stirring for 20 hours at 35 ℃, transferring the emulsion into a hydrothermal reaction kettle after the reaction is finished, and calcining to obtain mesoporous silica SBA-15 after crystallization, centrifugation, washing and drying;
step 2, preparing a shaped phase change material lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 5mg of copper nanowires, 5mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/LLA ethanol solution, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 39 ℃;
step 3, preparing the shaped phase-change material polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 5mg of copper nanowires, 5mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/LPEG ethanol solution, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 50 ℃;
step 4, preparing shaped phase-change material stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 5mg of copper nanowire, 5mg of silver nanoparticle and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of CA ethanol solution, stirring for 4h at 65 ℃, and drying for 24h at 80 ℃ to obtain stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 60 ℃;
step 5, preparation of wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Fully mixing the shape-stabilized phase change materials with different phase change temperatures, namely lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 to prepare the wide phase change temperature region shape-stabilized phase change material with the phase change temperature region of 39-60 ℃;
wherein, in the step 1, the crystallization temperature is 100 ℃, the calcination temperature is 500 ℃, and the molar concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 2M.
The molecular weight of PEG in step 3 is 2000.
The concentration of the ethanol solution of stearic acid in the step 4 is 1 g/L.
In the step 5, the mass ratio of three shape-stabilized phase change materials of lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 is 1:1: 1.
Example 3
A preparation method of a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of carrier mesoporous silica for wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Adding 4.0g of P123 into a beaker, adding 30g of distilled water and 120g of 2.2M hydrochloric acid, placing the beaker into a water bath kettle, stirring for 3 hours, then adding 8.5g of TEOS, stirring for 20 hours at 35 ℃, transferring the emulsion into a hydrothermal reaction kettle after the reaction is finished, and calcining to obtain mesoporous silica SBA-15 after crystallization, centrifugation, washing and drying;
step 2, preparing a shaped phase change material lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 8mg of copper nanowires, 6mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/LLA ethanol solution, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 39 ℃;
step 3, preparing the shaped phase-change material polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 8mg of copper nanowires, 6mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/LPEG ethanol solution, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 50 ℃;
step 4, preparing shaped phase-change material stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 8mg of copper nanowire, 6mg of silver nanoparticle and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of CA ethanol solution, stirring for 4h at 65 ℃, and drying for 24h at 80 ℃ to obtain stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 60 ℃;
step 5, preparation of wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Fully mixing the shape-stabilized phase change materials with different phase change temperatures, namely lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 to prepare the wide phase change temperature region shape-stabilized phase change material with the phase change temperature region of 39-60 ℃;
wherein, in the step 1, the crystallization temperature is 100 ℃, and the calcination temperature is 500 ℃.
The molecular weight of PEG in step 3 is 2000.
The concentration of the ethanol solution of stearic acid in the step 4 is 1 g/L.
In the step 5, the mass ratio of three shape-stabilized phase change materials of lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 is 1:1: 1.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 2 was repeated except that copper nanowires were not contained.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 2 was repeated, except that silver nanoparticles were not contained.
The performance of the wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change materials of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 was examined, and the obtained data are shown in the following table
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Thermal conductivity (W (m K) -1 | 0.488 | 0.539 | 0.625 | 0.317 | 0.218 |
As shown.
From the data, the wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material has better heat-conducting property, and widens the application field of products.
In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may be implemented in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, preparation of carrier mesoporous silica for wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Adding 4.0g of P123 into a beaker, adding 30g of distilled water and 120g of 1.8-2.2M hydrochloric acid, placing the beaker into a water bath kettle, stirring for 3 hours, then adding 8.5g of TEOS, stirring for 20 hours at 35 ℃, transferring the emulsion into a hydrothermal reaction kettle after the reaction is finished, and calcining to obtain mesoporous silica SBA-15 after crystallization, centrifugation, washing and drying;
wherein: the crystallization temperature is 100 ℃, the calcination temperature is 500 ℃, and the molar concentration of hydrochloric acid is 2M;
step 2, preparing a shaped phase change material lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 1-10mg of copper nanowires, 1-10mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/L ethanol solution of lauric acid, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 39 ℃;
step 3, preparing the shaped phase-change material polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 1-10mg of copper nanowire, 1-10mg of silver nanoparticle and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of 1g/L ethanol solution of polyethylene glycol, stirring the mixture at 65 ℃ for 4h, and then drying at 80 ℃ for 24h to obtain polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 50 ℃; wherein: the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 2000;
step 4, preparing shaped phase-change material stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15
Adding 1-10mg of copper nanowires, 1-10mg of silver nanoparticles and 30mg of SBA-15 into 70ml of ethanol solution of stearic acid, stirring for 4h at 65 ℃, and drying for 24h at 80 ℃ to obtain stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 with the phase transition temperature of 60 ℃; the concentration of the ethanol solution of stearic acid is 1 g/L;
step 5, preparation of wide phase-change temperature zone shaping phase-change material
Different phase transition temperatureThe fixed phase-change material of lauric acid/copper/silver/SiO2Polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SiO2And stearic acid/copper/silver/SiO2Fully mixing to prepare a wide phase-change temperature region shaping phase-change material with a phase-change temperature region of 39-60 ℃;
wherein: the mass ratio of the three shape-stabilized phase change materials of lauric acid/copper/silver/SBA-15, polyethylene glycol/copper/silver/SBA-15 and stearic acid/copper/silver/SBA-15 is (1-2): (1-2).
2. The preparation method of the wide phase transition temperature region shaping phase change material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the copper nanowires in step 2, step 3 and step 4 is 5mg, and the addition amount of the silver nanoparticles is 5 mg.
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