CN107431348B - It is protected against the control electronics of over-voltage - Google Patents
It is protected against the control electronics of over-voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN107431348B CN107431348B CN201680021701.0A CN201680021701A CN107431348B CN 107431348 B CN107431348 B CN 107431348B CN 201680021701 A CN201680021701 A CN 201680021701A CN 107431348 B CN107431348 B CN 107431348B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
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- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of control electronics (1000), and the electronic component (200) of over-voltage is protected from protected circuit (100).The control electronics include: the input terminal (101) connecting for the output terminal (202) with the component (200)；Output terminal (102) for being connect with load (300)；Over-voltage probe unit (120)；Protective switch unit (110) has and connects the controllable series voltage stabilizing transistor (T1) between input terminal (101) and output terminal (102) and make the control transistor (T2) of series voltage stabilizing transistor (T1) on or off according to the control signal (STS) of over-voltage probe unit (120).The protective switch unit (110) includes the first capacitor device (C13) connect between input terminal (101) and reference potential; the first capacitor device is designed so as to end in series voltage stabilizing transistor (T1) due to the over-voltage that detects in output terminal (102) place generates voltage pulse previously given in terms of its size and minimum duration at the input terminal (101) soon during or after, and the voltage pulse can be detected and processed in order to export fault-signal by the component (200).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control electronics, with electronic component and have for protecting electronic component to prevent
The protection circuit of over-voltage.
Background technique
In the control electronics for load-carrying vehicle and motor vehicle, by specific integrated circuit (English: Application
Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC) it is used as electronic component, to undertake control task.For example, this electronics
Control equipment is arranged for the corresponding injector (Injektor) for the internal combustion engine for determining and controlling load-carrying vehicle and motor vehicle
The amount of injection and injecting time point.
This special-purpose member is produced to high number of packages for motor vehicle.Here, in the supply voltage with 12V
Onboard power system in application design the component.For electronic component in failure, such as due to being directed to load
It is not damaged in the case where over-voltage caused by the connection (that is with the short circuit of battery pack) for electric potential of route and accumulator
It is bad, the electronic component is designed for this failure.
Correspondingly, this control electronics for being also applied for load-carrying vehicle.However, vehicle-mounted energy net different from motor vehicle
Supply voltage in the case where load-carrying vehicle not instead of 12V, 24V.Therefore this needs other protection mechanisms, so as to protection setting
Control electronics for load-carrying vehicle are from over-voltage.However, because the part of the required control electronics for load-carrying vehicle
Number is than the number of packages much less of motor vehicle, so controlling especially for load-carrying vehicle, electronics special-purpose member required for equipment is expensive to be obtained
It is more.
Thus, there are following demands: making the electronic component of the cost-benefit of the control electronics of motor vehicle much can also
To be used in the control electronics of load-carrying vehicle.However, herein problem to solve is that: due in the case where load-carrying vehicle
Double so high onboard power system voltage, for the operation quilt in the motor vehicle of the lower onboard power system voltage with 12V
The electronic component of design is unable to bear the over-voltage occurred herein with load-carrying vehicle onboard power system voltage (24V) short circuit.
From a kind of overvoltage crowbar known in 2014/0002941 A1 of US, wherein manipulated by control transistor and guarantor
The dangerous concatenated series voltage stabilizing transistor of device is between the input terminal and output end of protection circuit.Here, output end is protected
From over-voltage defined by the input end in protection circuit.When there is over-voltage, control transistor manipulates series voltage stabilizing crystal
Pipe, so that the series voltage stabilizing transistor cutoff.Cause with the concatenated safety device of series voltage stabilizing transistor, can also prevent defeated
The overcurrent of outlet.Safety device is triggered when there is excessively high electric current.
Summary of the invention
The task of the present invention is illustrating a kind of control electronics, the control electronics functionally and/or are being tied
It is improved as on structure, so that the component being mounted in control electronics is reliably protected against the over-voltage of appearance.
The task is solved by control electronics.
A kind of control electronics are proposed, with electronic component and are had for protecting electronic component to prevent over-voltage
Protection circuit.The control electronics are set for the use in the onboard power system of load-carrying vehicle, wherein supply voltage allusion quotation
It is type 24V.Corresponding, set component is according to the fortune in control equipment in control equipment according to the invention
The hand-manipulating of needle is designed the supply voltage of 12V.This means that: the component is directed to from (von) its component and its internal protection mechanism
Operation is designed according to following voltage, and the voltage is less than the supply voltage in load-carrying vehicle.The electronic component is, for example, to use
In the specific integrated circuit (ASIC) used in a motor vehicle.
Protecting circuit includes input terminal, for connecting with the output terminal of the component of control equipment, wherein by described
Control signal is applied to input terminal under the operation of control equipment by component.In addition, protection circuit includes for connecting with load
The output terminal connect.The output terminal of circuit is protected to can be the output end of control electronics simultaneously.As a result, protection circuit
Therefore it connects between electronic component (ASIC) and load.Load for example can be injection in the environment of motor vehicle or load-carrying vehicle
Device.Other loads can use control electronics according to the invention also to manipulate.
In addition, protection circuit further includes over-voltage probe unit, have for detecting the dress in the over-voltage of output terminal
It sets, the over-voltage probe unit provides control signal.Furthermore it is provided with protective switch unit (Schutzschalteinheit),
Its with controllable series voltage stabilizing transistor and control transistor, the controllable series voltage stabilizing transistor input terminal with
Between output terminal, the control transistor according to the control signal of over-voltage probe unit make series voltage stabilizing transistor turns or
Cut-off.In the case where output terminal has the over-voltage detected, made by means of the control signal provided by over-voltage probe unit
The input terminal of protection circuit is separated with its output terminal.If there is no fault condition, that is output terminal not
In the presence of the over-voltage detected, then the input terminal of protection circuit is electrically connected to each other with output terminal, so that being applied to by component
The control signal of input terminal can be forwarded to output terminal and therefore be forwarded to load.
According to the present invention, protective switch unit includes first capacitor device, and the first capacitor device connects in protective switch unit
Or between the input terminal and reference potential of control equipment, and the first capacitor device is designed to, so that in series voltage stabilizing
Transistor is ended during or after soon by the over-voltage that is detected at output terminal, is generated and is existed at input terminal
Previously given voltage pulse in terms of its size and minimum duration, the voltage pulse can be detected by component and in order to
It is processed to export fault-signal.
As a result, if control equipment is set for the operation in the vehicle power grid with high voltage, in electronics
Control equipment in using electronic component be also possible, although control equipment used in electronic component only have for compared with
The protection mechanism of small voltage range.
The internal protection being present in electronic component can be activated by the way that first capacitor device is arranged in protective switch unit
Mechanism is for detecting over-voltage.The connection of the component and load can be disconnected nothing with protective switch unit by electronic component as a result,
It is converted to safe condition with closing.In order to which the protection mechanism of electronic component can be activated, only make in the output end of component and negative
Electrical connection disconnection between load is insufficient.More precisely, being attached to the voltage of the output terminal of component in failure
Moment must make the voltage be identified as over-voltage, however the maximum allowed for wherein never allowing more than output terminal is specified
Voltage.This is drawn by generating previously given voltage pulse by means of the first capacitor device being arranged in protective switch unit
It rises, the first capacitor device causes: voltage pulse is sufficiently large in terms of its size, however is less than the output terminal in component
The maximum voltage value that place allows, and at the same time the voltage pulse can be made to be attached to output terminal within such duration
On, allow the internal logic circuit of the component reliably to identify overpressure situation.
As it is described above, according to a kind of suitable design scheme, the power supply of the size of voltage pulse than component
The big predetermined value of voltage, and it is smaller than the maximum voltage value of the output terminal in the component allowed.It is more acurrate
Say that the size that the size of voltage pulse is chosen to the voltage pulse is greater than the supply voltage as electronic component in ground
0.5V, and it is less than the 30V to 40V of the maximum voltage value allowed as the output terminal in the component.It is previously mentioned
The maximum voltage value allowed in the range of 30V to 40V is typical peak, for the 12V onboard power system in electronic component
Middle use.
According to a kind of suitable design scheme, the size of voltage pulse can be set by switching speed, the switch speed
Spend the cut-off about the control transistor for manipulating series voltage stabilizing transistor.It especially can be for this provision: in order to set control
The switching speed of transistor and the second capacitor is set in over-voltage probe unit.Expediently, the second capacitor and over-voltage detect
The Zener diode of unit is connected, and wherein series circuit is arranged between the control terminal and reference potential of control transistor,
For detecting the voltage in output terminal.The over-voltage in output terminal is detected by means of Zener diode.If defeated
The control voltage that the voltage occurred at outlet is greater than control transistor adds the voltage of voltage regulation (breakdown voltage) of Zener diode, that
Control transistor is steered the cut-off to make this lead to series voltage stabilizing transistor.It can be come herein by means of the second capacitor
The switching speed of setting control transistor.
Can a resistance in parallel with the second capacitor, in the case where there is over-voltage by the resistance limitation flow through Zener
The electric current of diode.Therefore, the resistance facilitates the electric current that setting flows through Zener diode, so that Zener diode is steady at it
Press operation in range (Zenerbereich).
According to another suitable design scheme, protection one diode of circuit in parallel can be given.It can be hindered by diode
Break instantaneous negative pulse.Instantaneous positive pulse is by protecting circuit itself to be blocked.Protection circuit has good electromagnetic property as a result,
(EMV).
According to another suitable design scheme, there will be high current amplification factor (such as hFE> 100) bipolar junction transistor
It is set as control transistor.The high-amplification-factor is conducive to the switching speed of control transistor and therefore to series voltage stabilizing
The turn-off speed of transistor carries out desired setting.
According to another suitable design scheme, the resistance for being manipulated in the event of excess pressure to control transistor is connect
Between its base stage and emitter.In the case where output terminal has over-voltage, bipolar junction transistor is manipulated by the resistance
(control transistor).Here, being the control signal as provided by over-voltage probe unit by base current as defined in the resistance.
According to another suitable design scheme, third capacitor connects the control terminal and input terminal in series voltage stabilizing transistor
Son and between, the speed of the cut-off of series voltage stabilizing transistor can be set by the third capacitor.It can by third capacitor
To compensate for different series voltage stabilizing transistors used in the different control electronics in series voltage stabilizing transistor
The manufacture fluctuation of the fluctuation aspect as caused by producing of internal capacitance.The capacitance of third capacitor is than series voltage stabilizing transistor
Internal capacitance is much bigger, turns on and off characteristic so that therefore ensuring that and can be realized the desired of series voltage stabilizing transistor.This
Be it is suitable, starting described voltage arteries and veins so as to generate at the input terminal of protection circuit in a desired manner
Punching.
According to another suitable design scheme, coupled by the divider that two concatenated resistance are constituted with output terminal,
In the voltage that is attached on the node between described two resistance be fed to computing unit, the computing unit is digitized
Output signal can be fed to the component, for carrying out reasonableness check to the over-voltage detected.Accordingly, for electronics structure
It can be realized point at the following time for part and learn over-voltage, the electronic component is due to being just attached to its output end at the time point
Son at control signal and the voltage pulse for being attached to the output terminal of the component cannot be detected.Especially, thus may be used
To differentiate over-voltage and open-circuited load (English: Open Load).
Detailed description of the invention
The description of the embodiment of other design schemes of the invention and advantage then according to the present invention is illustrated.Wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the signal for manipulating the illustratively control electronics according to the invention of four loads parallel
Figure,
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of control electronics according to the invention, it is shown for manipulating single load
Protection circuit according to the invention structure；
Fig. 3 shows the electric frame circuit diagram for manipulating the control electronics according to the invention individually loaded；
Fig. 4 shows the first electricity when over-voltage occur in the voltage of the output terminal of protection circuit according to protection circuit
The time-varying process of the size of container；
Fig. 5 shows the influence to the voltage at the input terminal of protection voltage according to the in over-voltage probe unit
The time-varying process of the size of two capacitors；
Fig. 6 is shown to the voltage at the input terminal of protection circuit according to the invention according in protective switch unit
In third capacitor time-varying process influence.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of control electronics 1000 according to the invention.Control electronics 1000 are also claimed
Make electronic control unit (ECU) (Electronic Control Unit).The control electronics are arranged in loading
It is used in the onboard power system of vehicle.The specified onboard power system voltage of load-carrying vehicle is 48V at present.Control electronics 1000 are illustratively
For manipulating four (usually: a large amount of) ignition coils not shown further in Fig. 1.From the angle of control electronics 1000
Degree, corresponding ignition coil are loads.Load is connected to connector 1010.
Control electronics 1000 include with specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated
Circuit, ASIC) form electronic component 200.Electronic component 200 is directed to according to the operation in control equipment motor-driven
Using being designed in the onboard power system of vehicle, wherein the specified onboard power system voltage of motor vehicle is 12V.When control electronics 1000
When being run in load-carrying vehicle, in fact it could happen that until the voltage of 70V.Further, since damage and be likely to occur over-voltage, mode be with
The route of corresponding load connection is contacted with supply voltage route.In the case where there is over-voltage herein, for the lesser confession of utilization
The electronic component 200 of piezoelectric voltage operating energy loss can suffer from damaging in the case where no other measures.
For this reason, control electronics 1000 further include a large amount of protection circuit 100a other than electronic component 200,
..., 100d.Corresponding protection circuit 100a ..., 100d is arranged in the corresponding output terminal and electricity of control equipment 1000
Between the output end of sub- component 200, the corresponding output terminal of the control equipment 1000 is connect with the load distributed.
Fig. 2 shows another schematic diagrames of control electronics 1000 according to the invention, wherein protection circuit 100(generation
Table protect circuit 100a, 100b, 100c, 100d) design scheme be further implemented for individually load 300 connection.
It can be readily appreciated that protection circuit 100 shown in figure 2 correspondingly must control equipment 1000 for be each connected to
Load be set.Protecting circuit 100 includes protective switch unit 110, over-voltage probe unit 120 and optional diagnosis unit
130.Protective switch unit 110 is arranged between the input terminal 101 and output terminal 102 of protection circuit 100.Protective switch list
Member 110 includes the controllable series voltage stabilizing transistor not shown further in Fig. 2, the controllable series voltage stabilizing transistor
Between input terminal 101 and output terminal 102.
The output terminal 102 for protecting circuit 100 is simultaneously the output terminal for controlling equipment 1000, and the output terminal is for example
It is represented by connector 1010.The input terminal 101 of protection circuit 100 is connect with the output terminal 202 of electronic component 200.Pass through
Component 200 generates control signal DRV under the operation of control equipment 1000, and the control signal is in protective switch unit 110
Load 300 is transferred to through overprotection circuit 100 in the case where series voltage stabilizing transistor turns.Controlling signal DRV is, for example, week
Phase property signal, periodically to turn on and off load 300.
Over-voltage probe unit 120 is equipped with the device for detecting the over-voltage at output terminal 102.The over-voltage detection is single
Member is configured to make the series voltage stabilizing transistor turns or cut-off of protective switch unit via control signal.Here, if
It protects and detects over-voltage at the output terminal 102 of circuit 100, then making series voltage stabilizing transistor cutoff.For example, working as output end
Son 102 is for example in the supply voltage of load-carrying vehicle and is contacted, that is due to failure with the route 310 of 300 connection of load
When forming short circuit, the over-voltage present in output terminal 102.
In the case where detecting the over-voltage at the output terminal 102 of protection circuit, with over-voltage probe unit 120
The diagnosis unit 130 of coupling exports following signal, and the signal passes through computing unit 400(such as microcontroller) analyzing and
It is transferred to component 200.It is unrelated with the built in diagnostics logic circuit for over-voltage detection of the component 200, it is single by calculating
Member 400 notifies the presence of the over-voltage at output terminal 102 to the component 200, and then the component 200 can be with cutting needle pair
The control signal of load 300.
Then, the demonstration of the implementation of the protection circuit of control electronics according to the invention is described with reference to Fig. 3
Property extension and accurate working principle.
Electronic component 200 include two thyristors 210 being connected between voltage source 40 and reference potential,
220.Tie point between two switch elements 210,220 is connect with the output terminal 202 of component 200.Two switch elements
210,220 series circuit constitutes push-pull cascade, can be with or with being mentioned by voltage source 240 by the push-pull cascade output terminal 202
It the voltage vcc of confession or is connect with another current potential.The voltage vcc provided by voltage source 240 is usually smaller than onboard power system voltage to be obtained
It is more, because the voltage provided at output terminal 202 is only control signal.Two are connected between voltage source 240 and push-pull cascade
Pole pipe 230 is as protection diode (reverse feeding protects (R ü ckspeiseschutz)).In addition, electronic component 200 further includes
First driver 211 and the second driver 221.First driver 211 provides opening about switch element 210 in its output
The function of the information of off status, the switch element 210 is further described by below.The control of second driver 221 and ginseng
Examine the switch state of the second switch element (low-side switch element) of current potential connection.
The output terminal 202 of component 200 is connect with the input terminal 101 of protection circuit 100.Input terminal 101 is protection
The input terminal 111 of switch unit 110.Protective switch unit 110 illustratively includes standard cut-off type p-channel MOSFET(metal
Oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (Metall Oxid Semiconductor Field Oxid Transistor)) make
For series voltage stabilizing transistor, drain terminal D is connect with terminal 101, and its source terminal S and protective switch unit 110
Output end 112 connects.Capacitor C16 is connected between the drain terminal D and gate terminal G of series voltage stabilizing transistor T1.It connects
Voltage measuring apparatus between source terminal S and gate terminal G is used only for verifying working principle and opens in true protection
It closes and is not necessary in unit 110 or is not set.In addition, the gate terminal G of series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is via resistance R24
It is connect with the reference potential of control electronics.In addition, being connected to another capacitor between input terminal 111 and reference potential
C13.Be shown in FIG. 3 all referring to current potential current potential all having the same.
Source terminal S or output in series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 are connect with the control transistor T2 of bipolar transistor form of tubes
It holds between the 112 and gate terminal G of series voltage stabilizing transistor T1.Here, the emitter E and source terminal S of control transistor T2
Wiring, and the gate terminal G wiring of collector K and series voltage stabilizing transistor T1.The base stage B of transistor T2 is controlled from then retouching
The over-voltage probe unit 120 stated receives control signal STS.
Over-voltage probe unit 120 includes that Zener diode Dz1 and capacitor C15 is used as detection at output terminal 102
Voltage element, the capacitor C15 connects between the anode terminal and reference potential of Zener diode Dz1.Resistance R26 with
Capacitor C15 is connect in parallel between node and reference potential between Zener diode Dz1 and capacitor C15.Zener two
The cathode terminal of pole pipe Dz1 via resistance R25 and over-voltage probe unit 120 input terminated line.Input terminal 121 and over-voltage detect
The output end 122 of unit 120 is directly connected to.The series circuit being made of diode D1, D2 is in parallel with resistance R25, wherein two poles
The cathode terminal of pipe D1 is connect with the input terminal 121 of over-voltage probe unit 120 or output end 122.The anode tap of diode D2
Son is connect with such as lower node, and the node is connect with the control output end 123 of the signal STS of output control on it.Node is neat
Receive diode Dz1 cathode terminal, resistance R25 and the anode terminal of diode D2 between constitute.Over-voltage probe unit 120 it is defeated
Outlet 122 is connect via optional resistance R20 with the output terminal 102 of protection circuit 100.In output terminal 102 and with reference to electricity
Same optional capacitor C6 is connected between position.In the output end 122 of over-voltage probe unit 120 and the node and ginseng of resistance R20
It examines and is connected to diode D3 between current potential, wherein the anode terminal of the diode D3 is connect with reference potential and the diode
The cathode terminal of D3 is connect with the node being previously mentioned.
The divider being made of resistance R18, R19 is in parallel with diode D3.Node between resistance R18, R19 with
The input terminal 131 of diagnosis unit 130 refer to, optional connects.Diagnosis unit 130 includes converter 134, the AD conversion
Device 134 will be attached to the analog signal at input terminal 131 and be converted to digital signal and be conveyed to the first input end with door 135.
It is connect with the second input terminal of door 135 with the input terminal 133 of diagnosis unit 130.Input terminal 133 receives the driving by component 200
The signal that device 211 issues, and correspondingly connect for this purpose with the driver.It is single with the output end of door 135 and diagnosis
The output end 132 of member 130 connects.Described to connect with the output end of door 135 with the input terminal 206 of component 200, the input terminal exists
The inside of the component is connect with computing unit.
In addition, depicting three measurement points marked with appended drawing reference " 1 ", " 2 " and " 3 " in protection circuit 100, protecting
The measurement point is referred in the subsequent description of the function of protection circuit 100.For this purpose, one is also connected at measurement point " 3 "
Electric current I_DRV is detected in a current measurement source using the current measurement source, and the current measurement source is for illustration only
It protects the functionality of circuit 100 and exists.
At the time point of normal, undisturbed operation, switch element 210 is closed and switch element 220 disconnects, also
It is to say that logical signal "high" is attached at output terminal 201.Series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 itself passes through its internal diode (two pole of body
Pipe) it is conductive to manipulate and start to carry out.If in output terminal 102(measurement point " 1 ") at, voltage is higher than control transistor T2
Base emitter voltage add diode Dz1 voltage of voltage regulation (VBE,T2 + VDZ1), then control transistor T2 starts to carry out
Conduction, thus series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is bit by bit fewer and fewerly conductive, until its final coutoff.Component 200 as a result,
Output terminal 202 is by output terminal 102(measurement point " 1 ", and in the measurement point, there are over-voltages now) it is protected from over-voltage.
Capacitor C13 is so-called diagnosis capacitor.This is because at measurement point " 3 ", that is in the component
Output terminal 202 or it is described protection circuit 100 input terminal 101 at voltage increase until determine, pass through capacitor
Threshold value as defined in C15 and C16, and series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is fully ended by controlling transistor T2.It is described to export
The threshold value of the voltage pulse generated at terminal 202 is necessarily less than the permitted maximum voltage at output terminal 202.
Component 200 has internal over pressure probe unit 120, for detecting and the short circuit of the supply voltage of onboard power system.For
The diagnosis can work, and " store " voltage pulse in a short time by capacitor C13, so as to described in component 200
Internal detection unit (not shown) can detect over-voltage.If component 200 is embedded in for motor vehicle rather than for loading
In the control equipment of vehicle (as is described herein), then the internal over pressure probe unit is no other protection circuits the case where
Under used by component 200.
Voltage pulse forms within the reliable duration in terms of its amplitude and in terms of its duration.This meaning
: the voltage pulse have to be larger than component 200 minimum over-voltage recognition threshold (such as 0.5V add voltage source 210 power supply
Voltage VCC) and less than the maximum voltage of the permission at output end 202 (usually between 30V and 40V).Minimum duration
For example, 200ms.For this reason, it needs that voltage pulse is made to be formed so as to meet these conditions.
The influence of the size of capacitor C13 is shown in FIG. 4.Stackedly shown in Fig. 4 three signal CMD_D,
The grid-of the time-varying process of SC and DS and the voltage U_DRV being attached at measurement point " 3 " and series voltage stabilizing transistor T1
Source voltage UGS.Signal CMD_D is the control signal for switch unit 210.If switch element 210 disconnects, have
Signal logic " 0 ", if switch element 210 is closed due to controlling signal CMD_D, with signal logic " 1 ", that is
The output terminal 202 of component 200 and therefore the supply voltage V of measurement point " 3 " and voltage source 240CCConnection.If in protection electricity
Short circuit is not present at the output end (that is measurement point " 1 ") on road 100 and over-voltage is therefore not present, then signal SC takes shape
State logical zero.It is corresponding, in short circuit, that is at measurement point " 1 " there are signal SC when over-voltage be logical one.
It nowhere transmits or generates in the electronic circuit that the signal SC is shown in FIG. 3, the signal SC is used only for explaining work
Principle.Signal DS is the diagnostic signal that component 200 is supplied to by diagnosis unit 130.
In time point t1, its state transforms to closure from cut-off by switch element 210, and thus CMD_D is by state from logic
" 0 " transforms to logical one.As have been described above, series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is in time point t1Start conduction, such as may be used
With from grid-source voltage UGSAs learning.Pass through voltage VCCWith the corresponding connection of measurement point " 3 ", circuit is being protected
Voltage at 100 input terminal is also increased to VCC, this can learn from the signal change procedure of U_DRV.In time point t2,
At measurement point " 1 ", that is occurs short circuit at the output end 102 of protection circuit 100, that is to say, that signal SC is from logic
" 0 " transforms to logical one.It is related to this, voltage U_DRV at measurement point " 3 " due to capacitor C13 presence and rise
It is high.
It is shown in the average time change procedure for reflecting the change procedure of voltage U_DRV for capacitor C13's
The voltage change process of different sizes.With C13-1 ..., C13-4 shows different sizes.It is such as visible without difficulty
Like that, the size inaccuracy of capacitor C13-1, because maximum voltage is 80V, more than the maximum electricity of output terminal 202 allowed
Pressure value.However, other size C13-2 ..., C13-4 are maintained under the threshold value of required such as 30V, so that considering
Each size in the size.
In time point t3, 130 output signal DS of diagnosis unit, mode is that the signal DS converts value from logical zero
To logical one, thus 200 force disconnect of component is unrelated with the built in diagnostics that it is already mentioned above.At the time point, it opens
Close the disconnection of element 210, that is signal CMD_D value logical zero.As also learnt from Fig. 4, series voltage stabilizing transistor
T1 is in time point t2Ended by protective switch unit 110, that is described with the appearance being pressed at measurement point " 1 " is crossed
The grid-source voltage of series voltage stabilizing transistor returns to value 0.
As described, it is short in output terminal 102 and supply voltage (battery pack) for controlling the task of transistor T2
In the case where road, series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is cut off.Switching speed by controlling transistor T2 can be set with shutdown
The amplitude (referring to the timetable of U_DRV) of the pulse of generation, the pulse is stored by capacitor C13.Control transistor T2's opens
Speed is closed to be enhanced due to presence of the capacitor C15 in over-voltage probe unit 120.Transistor T2 is appropriately controlled thus
With high current amplification factor.
The existing influence of capacitor C15 can be qualitatively found out in Fig. 5.Again show signal CMD_D, SC and DS
Time-varying process, together with time-varying process and series voltage stabilizing of the voltage U_DRV and electric current I_DRV at measurement point " 3 "
The time-varying process of the grid-source voltage of transistor T1.It is illustratively directed to four different sizes of capacitor C15 again
The voltage U_DRV at measurement point " 3 " is shown, wherein the different size is with C15-1, C15-2, C15-3 and C15-4 generation
Table.If the value of capacitor C15 is selected too small (C15-1), the voltage at output terminal 202 is more than to allow most
Big voltage, furthermore series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is excessively slowly cut off.In the case where high size, in output terminal 202
The maximum voltage allowed at place is not exceeded (such as C15-4), while accelerates shutdown with the capacitance become much larger.
In order to compensate for the too fast switch on delay of control transistor T2, capacitor C16 is set in protective switch unit 110
It sets between the drain terminal D and gate terminal G of series voltage stabilizing transistor T1.The too fast shutdown of series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is led
Too low voltage pulse is caused, excessively slowly shutdown leads to the high voltage pulse at measurement point " 3 ", such as from the time of Fig. 6
As change procedure is visible.
Fig. 6 again shows signal CMD_D, SC and DS, together with the voltage U_DRV and series voltage stabilizing at measurement point " 3 "
The grid-source voltage of transistor T1.In t1With t2Between again visible conventional operation, in time point t2Occur with supply voltage,
That is the short circuit of the battery pack at measurement point " 1 " or at the output terminal 102 of protection circuit 100.Capacitor C16 is not
With size again with C16-1 ..., C16-4 is shown.In the case where the capacitor of capacitor C16(C16-4) is excessive, surveying
It measures at point " 3 " and therefore the maximum voltage allowed at the output terminal 202 of component 200 is exceeded.Other size C16-
3, C16-2 and C16-1 is maintained in permitted range.However, it is corresponding, it is not formed in the case where capacitor is not present
Voltage pulse (is represented) by the change procedure of C16-1, and thus the built in diagnostics circuit of the component 200 cannot work.Thus,
Capacitance is selected according to C16-2 or C16-3 for accurate size.Grid-source voltage UGSChange procedure show: series connection
Voltage-stable transistor T1 is from time point t2It begins to shut off.
Diode D1 and D2 protect control transistor T2 from reversed-base emitter voltage.Diode D3 causes to protect
Circuit 100 meets EMV requirement.Here, diode D3 block negative pulse, and positive pulse by protective switch unit 110 itself come
It blocks or is prevented by component 200.
Resistance R20 is current limiter.Resistance R20 is optional.In the case where in view of having negative voltage at output terminal 102
Current limit, the resistance R20 is meaningful.
Resistance R25 is for controlling bipolar junction transistor T2 in the case where having over-voltage at output terminal 102.
Resistance R26 causes Zener diode Dz1 to work in its voltage stabilized range.Resistance R24 limitation control transistor T2's
Collector current, and be the reference for the grid of series voltage stabilizing transistor T1.
Under the short-circuit conditions for output terminal 102 occur under " shutdown " stage of component 200 (in " shutdown "
Under stage, the cut-off of switch element 210 and (low side driver 221 is to turn on) is connected in switch element 220) over-voltage prolong
Continuous, the built in diagnostics circuit of the component 200 cannot be in the output terminal 202(measurement point " 3 " of the component) at detected
Pressure.Output terminal 202 is yet by the function and protecting being described for protecting circuit 100, because series voltage stabilizing transistor T1 is
Through the connection between output terminal 202 and output terminal 102 is dismantled.
To detect over-voltage and diagnosis unit 130 is conveyed to by means of the divider being made of resistance R18 and R19.It is described
Diagnosis unit 130 by the voltage digital occurred at the node of resistance R18 and R19 due to over-voltage and by the voltage it is defeated
It gives and door 135.The information of the switch state of the switch element 210 about component 200 is obtained with the second input terminal of door 135.
Described two information are handled by (switch element 210 ends, and switch element 220 is connected) in the depicted case,
Component 200 obtains the existing information about over-voltage.Therefore, component 200 can differentiate over-voltage and open-circuited load (English: Open
Load).Therefore, signal DS be used to notify the presence of the over-voltage at output terminal 202 to component 200.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of control electronics (1000) with electronic component (200) and have for protecting the component (200)
The protection circuit (100) of over-voltage is prevented, wherein the protection circuit (100) includes:
Input terminal (101) is used for the output terminal (202) with the component (200) of control equipment (1000)
Connection, wherein control signal (DRV) is applied to institute under the operation of control equipment (1000) by the component (200)
State input terminal (101)；
Output terminal (102) is used to connect with load (300)；
Over-voltage probe unit (120), have for detecting over-voltage at the output terminal (102) device (Dz1,
C15), the over-voltage probe unit provides control signal (STS)；
Protective switch unit (110) with controllable series voltage stabilizing transistor (T1) and controls transistor (T2), wherein institute
It states controllable series voltage stabilizing transistor (T1) and connects the control between the input terminal (101) and the output terminal (102)
Transistor (T2) processed makes the series voltage stabilizing transistor (T1) according to the control signal (STS) of the over-voltage probe unit (120)
On or off；
It is characterized in that,
The protective switch unit (110) includes first capacitor device (C13), and the first capacitor device (C13) connects described defeated
Enter between terminal (101) and reference potential, and the first capacitor device (C13) is designed so that in the series voltage stabilizing crystalline substance
Body pipe (T1) is ended during or after due to the over-voltage that detects in the output terminal (102) place soon described defeated
Enter the voltage pulse that generation is previously given in terms of its size and minimum duration at terminal (101), the voltage pulse can
It is to be detected by the component (200) and processed in order to export fault-signal.
2. control equipment according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the voltage pulse is than the component
(200) the big predetermined value of supply voltage, and than allowing at the output terminal of the component (200) (202)
Maximum voltage value it is small.
3. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the size of the voltage pulse can by about
The switching speed of the cut-off of control transistor (T2) is set, wherein control transistor (T2) is steady for manipulating the series connection
Piezoelectric crystal (T1).
4. control equipment according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in order to set the switch of control transistor (T2)
The second capacitor (C15) is arranged in the over-voltage probe unit (120) in speed.
5. control equipment according to claim 4, which is characterized in that second capacitor (C15) and the over-voltage are visited
Zener diode (Dz1) series connection of unit (120) is surveyed, wherein series circuit is arranged on the control of control transistor (T2)
Between terminal and the reference potential, for detecting the voltage at the output terminal (102).
6. control equipment according to claim 5, which is characterized in that first resistor (R26) and second capacitor
(C15) in parallel, the Zener diode (Dz1) is flowed through by the first resistor (R26) limitation in the case where there is over-voltage
Electric current.
7. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that one two in parallel to the protection circuit (120)
Pole pipe (D3).
8. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that have current amplification factor hFE> 100 it is bipolar
Transistor npn npn is arranged to control transistor (T2).
9. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that second resistance (R25) connects in the control crystal
Between the base stage and emitter for managing (T2), for manipulating the control transistor (T2) in the event of excess pressure.
10. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in the input terminal (101) and the string
Join and be connected to third capacitor (C16) between the control terminal of voltage-stable transistor (T1), can be set by the third capacitor (C16)
The speed of the cut-off of the fixed series voltage stabilizing transistor (T1).
11. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that by concatenated third and fourth resistance (R18,
R19) constitute divider coupled with the output terminal (102), wherein be attached to third and fourth resistance (R18, R19) it
Between node at voltage be fed to computing unit (130), the output signal energy of the computing unit (130) being digitized
It is fed to the component, for carrying out reasonableness check to the over-voltage detected.
12. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the component (200) is according in control equipment
(1000) operation in is designed for the supply voltage of 12V.
13. control equipment according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that control equipment (1000) basis has
Operation in the onboard power system of 24V supply voltage is designed.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15465509.6 | 2015-04-15 | ||
| EP15465509 | 2015-04-15 | ||
| DE102015207783.7 | 2015-04-28 | ||
| DE102015207783.7A DE102015207783B4 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2015-04-28 | Overvoltage protected electronic control unit |
| PCT/EP2016/058095 WO2016166146A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2016-04-13 | Electronic control device protected against overvoltage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107431348A CN107431348A (en) | 2017-12-01 |
| CN107431348B true CN107431348B (en) | 2019-06-18 |
Family
ID=53373379
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680021701.0A Active CN107431348B (en) | 2015-04-15 | 2016-04-13 | It is protected against the control electronics of over-voltage |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107431348B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102015207783B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016166146A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018204781A1 (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Voltage protection for a connection of a control unit |
| DE102018213902A1 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-20 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Secure network interface against attacks |
| DE102019203085A1 (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-10 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Control device for actuating a load and method for operating such a control device |
| CN114944065A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-08-26 | 成都臻识科技发展有限公司 | Dynamic traffic violation snapshot equipment with power management system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202042887U (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-11-16 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Charging input overvoltage protecting circuit |
| CN203734283U (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-07-23 | 西安Tcl软件开发有限公司 | Power supply protection circuit and power supply device |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19964097A1 (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2001-07-26 | Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd | Overvoltage protection circuit for electronic unit onboard automobile has integrator receiving switch signal from overvoltage indicator for opening switch to prevent overheating |
| DE10232941B4 (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2017-07-27 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Vehicle electrical system with a sensor protection circuit |
| US8755161B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2014-06-17 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Overvoltage protection circuit with self biased latch |
| US9088256B2 (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2015-07-21 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for amplifier fault protection |
-
2015
- 2015-04-28 DE DE102015207783.7A patent/DE102015207783B4/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-04-13 WO PCT/EP2016/058095 patent/WO2016166146A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-04-13 CN CN201680021701.0A patent/CN107431348B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202042887U (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-11-16 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Charging input overvoltage protecting circuit |
| CN203734283U (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-07-23 | 西安Tcl软件开发有限公司 | Power supply protection circuit and power supply device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107431348A (en) | 2017-12-01 |
| DE102015207783A1 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
| WO2016166146A1 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
| DE102015207783B4 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
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