CN107422084B - The evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance - Google Patents
The evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance of the present invention is passed through high pressure gas including the horizontal pipe section into the foam maker being made of horizontal pipe section, inclination pipeline section and vertical section, and passes through the operating condition tolerance Q in foam makerg, gas pressure P, gas temperature T, horizontal pipe section pressure differential deltap P1With vertical section pressure differential deltap P2It calculates foam resistance coefficient λ and foam quality Γ is calculated；When to foaming water discharge agent evaluation and test, the frictional resistance of the smaller then foam of foam resistance coefficient λ is smaller, and the performance of foaming water discharge agent is more excellent；Foam quality Γ is higher, and foaming water discharge agent performance is more excellent.The evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance of the present invention, can preferably go out that foam frictional resistance is low and the high foaming water discharge agent of foam quality, meet the requirement to the foaming water discharge agent of horizontal gas well, form useful supplement to traditional tilt-pour process and air-flow method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the evaluating methods to foaming water discharge agent, will be specifically commenting for horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance
Survey method.
Background technique
In petroleum, natural gas extraction engineering, increase the wellbore of horizontal gas well and the contact area on stratum, to improve gas reservoir
Development degree has been widely used for the exploitation of tight gas reservoir, shale gas reservoir, is even used for opening for ultra deep gas reservoir in recent years
Hair, achieves good effect of increasing production.Gas field is gradually threatened however as the problems such as production decline, water enchroachment (invasion) aggravation, hydrops
Stable yields needs to take draining stable yields measure.Foam drainage gas recovery is most widely used since at low cost, equipment is simple, quick
A kind of water drainage-gas recovery technology, become bubble row's technique success or failure wherein how to evaluate and be preferably suitable for the foam discharging agent of horizontal gas well
It is crucial.
Be widely used in the industry at present there are two types of evaluation method: one is Roche Mir tilt-pour process (GB/T 13173.6),
It is that certain density foaming agent solution drips from the pore of Roche Mir instrument upper end, the foaming agent for pouring lower section same concentrations is molten
Liquid, write down test solution stream it is complete when foam height and foam height after five minutes, for testing foamability and foam stabilizing ability.Separately
One is air-flow method (SY/T 5761-1995), and air-flow is passed through and is filled in the foam maker of foaming agent solution in advance, generate foam
And foam trap is drained into, the volume ratio that discharge liquor accounts for initial liquid is to take liquid rate, for reflecting foam carrier ability.?
In published patent, including Publication No. CN201810294U, entitled " high temperature gas well foaming water discharge simulating lab test dress
Set ", Publication No. CN202228059U, entitled " experimental system for foaming agent used for water pumping gas production ", Publication No.
CN205175982U, entitled " foam evaluation of dynamic device " etc. is to have adopted above-mentioned similar method, improvement
Only the performances such as the heatproof of evaluating apparatus, pressure resistance, resistance to hydrogen sulfide are promoted.
Above-mentioned evaluation method proposes just for straight well condition, and mainly pay close attention to foam production quantity number,
The antifoaming speed of foam and foam take liquid rate, and this evaluation method has following defects that
(1) number of foam production quantity is only focused on, and has ignored the size of foam flow resistance.The core of foaming water discharge is asked
Topic is to reduce wellbore pressure loss, and foam is used as non-newtonian fluid, with the coefficient of friction resistance of tube wall much larger than water, particularly with horizontal well,
Its length of pipe section is much larger than straight well, and frictional resistance pressure drop can't be ignored, if the foaming water discharge agent frictional resistance of selection is excessively high, even if foamability
Well, also it is unfavorable for reducing wellbore pressure loss, or even increases wellbore pressure loss, stratum is inhibited to produce gas.
(2) focus on foam production quantity and have ignored foam quality.Foam quality refers to the percentage of gas volume in foam.When
Foam quality is dry foam when being greater than 64%, is otherwise wet foam.Only when forming dry foam, the liquid film of intersection is held in the palm in pula
Slippage is just few, and foaming structure is just stablized.Particularly with horizontal well, flow distance is much larger than straight well, it is desirable that the dimension of longer time
The flow regime for holding dry foam, avoids taking the obvious slippage of generation in liquid rising way, and liquid efficiency is taken in reduction.
(3) existing method is proposed for vertical well, does not consider that horizontal well tilting section, horizontal segment generate foam
It influences.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance, help preferably to go out along journey friction
The foaming water discharge agent suitable for horizontal well condition that resistance is small, foaming structure is stable.
The evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance of the present invention, step are as follows:
Step 1: pressure sensing is equipped in the foam maker being made of horizontal pipe section, inclination pipeline section and vertical section
Device, temperature sensor and gas flowmeter, and horizontal differential pressure pickup is installed in horizontal pipe section, vertical section installation is vertical
Differential pressure pickup；
Step 2: setting concentration is injected into horizontal pipe section by equipment such as gas cylinder, gas booster pump, high pressure tanks
Foaming water discharge agent solution, and high pressure gas is passed through into foam maker by horizontal pipe section, it is aobvious by the gas flowmeter
Show the operating condition tolerance Q in foam makerg, the pressure P in foam maker is shown by the pressure sensor, passes through institute
State the temperature T in temperature sensor display foam maker；
Step 3: it is made to generate foam, institute by the foaming water discharge agent solution in the high pressure gas level of agitation pipeline section
State foam flow through the horizontal pipe section, inclination pipeline section and vertical section after, into foam trap defoam, and pass through horizontal pressure difference
The pressure differential deltap P of sensor detection level pipeline section1；The pressure differential deltap P of vertical section is detected by perpendicular differential pressure sensor2；It obtains described
Gas density ρ of the high pressure gas at the pressure P and temperature Tg；According to operating condition tolerance QgWith foam maker pipeline section
Sectional area A acquires gas flow rate vg=Qg/A；
According to the pressure differential deltap P of horizontal pipe section1With gas flow rate vgFoam resistance coefficient λ is calculated；
According to the pressure differential deltap P of vertical section2, gas flow rate vgFoam gravity pressure is calculated with foam resistance coefficient λ
Δ G drops2；
According to foam gravitational pressure drop Δ G2With the gas density ρgFoam quality Γ is calculated；
Step 4: evaluated and tested according to foam resistance coefficient λ to foaming water discharge agent: foam resistance coefficient λ is got over
The frictional resistance of small then foam is smaller, and the performance of foaming water discharge agent is more excellent；Referred to using foam resistance coefficient λ as evaluation and test
Mark helps preferably to go out the foaming water discharge agent small along journey frictional resistance, meets the low frictional resistance pressure drop needs of horizontal gas well bubble row's pit shaft；
Step 5: evaluated and tested according to foam quality Γ to foaming water discharge agent: foam quality Γ is higher, foaming water discharge agent
It can be more excellent.Using foam quality Γ as evaluation metrics, help preferably to go out the foam row that foam quality is high, foaming structure is stable
Aqua meets the low liquid of horizontal gas well bubble row's pit shaft and slips needs.
Optionally, the high pressure gas is obtained at the pressure P and temperature T by air density meter in step 3
Gas density ρg。
Specifically, calculating the formula of foam resistance coefficient λ in step 3 are as follows:Wherein:
λ: foam resistance coefficient, no unit；
ΔP1: horizontal pipe section test pressure differential, unit: Pa；
L1: horizontal pipe section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρL: solution density, unit: kg/m3；
vg: gas flow rate, unit: m/s；
D: foam maker internal diameter, unit: m.
Specifically, calculating foam gravitational pressure drop Δ G in step 32Formula are as follows:Wherein:
ΔG2: foam gravitational pressure drop, unit: Pa；
ΔP2: vertical section test pressure differential, unit: Pa；
λ: foam resistance coefficient, no unit；
L2: vertical section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρL: foaming water discharge agent solution density, unit: kg/m3；
vg: gas flow rate, unit: m/s；
D: foam maker internal diameter, unit: m.
Specifically, calculating the formula of foam quality Γ in step 3 are as follows:Wherein:
Γ: foam quality, unit: %；
ΔG2: foam gravitational pressure drop, unit: Pa；
L2: vertical section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρg: the gas density under pressure P, temperature T, unit: kg/m3；
ρL: solution density, unit: kg/m3；
G: acceleration of gravity, value: 9.8m/s2。
The evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance of the present invention, can preferably go out that foam frictional resistance is low and foam
The high foaming water discharge agent of quality, meets the requirement to the foaming water discharge agent of horizontal gas well, to traditional tilt-pour process and air-flow method
Form useful supplement.
Specific embodiment with reference to embodiments is described in further detail above content of the invention again.
But the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.Think not departing from the above-mentioned technology of the present invention
In the case of thinking, the various replacements or change made according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means should all be included in this hair
In bright range.
Specific embodiment
The evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance of the present invention, step are as follows:
Step 1: pressure sensing is equipped in the foam maker being made of horizontal pipe section, inclination pipeline section and vertical section
Device, temperature sensor and gas flowmeter, and horizontal differential pressure pickup is installed in horizontal pipe section, vertical section installation is vertical
Differential pressure pickup；
Step 2: setting concentration is injected into horizontal pipe section by equipment such as gas cylinder, gas booster pump, high pressure tanks
Foaming water discharge agent solution, and high pressure gas is passed through into foam maker by horizontal pipe section, it is aobvious by the gas flowmeter
Show the operating condition tolerance Q in foam makerg, the pressure P in foam maker is shown by the pressure sensor, passes through institute
State the temperature T in temperature sensor display foam maker；
Step 3: it is made to generate foam, institute by the foaming water discharge agent solution in the high pressure gas level of agitation pipeline section
State foam flow through the horizontal pipe section, inclination pipeline section and vertical section after, into foam trap defoam, and pass through horizontal pressure difference
The pressure differential deltap P of sensor detection level pipeline section1；The pressure differential deltap P of vertical section is detected by perpendicular differential pressure sensor2。
According to air density meter, gas density ρ of the high pressure gas at the pressure P and temperature T is checked ing；
According to operating condition tolerance QgWith the sectional area A of foam maker pipeline section, gas flow rate v is acquiredg=Qg/A；
Due to the pressure differential deltap P of horizontal pipe section1It all is from foam resistance Δ F1, i.e. Δ P1=Δ F1, hindered according to friction
Power definition calculates foam resistance coefficient λ:Wherein:
λ: foam resistance coefficient, no unit；
ΔP1: horizontal pipe section test pressure differential, unit: Pa；
L1: horizontal pipe section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρL: solution density, unit: kg/m3；
vg: gas flow rate, unit: m/s；
D: foam maker internal diameter, unit: m.
The pressure differential deltap P of vertical section2From foam gravitational pressure drop Δ G2With frictional resistance Δ F2, i.e. Δ P2=Δ G2+ΔF2,
According to frictional resistance definition, foam gravitational pressure drop Δ G is calculated2:Wherein:
ΔG2: foam gravitational pressure drop, unit: Pa；
ΔP2: vertical section test pressure differential, unit: Pa；
λ: foam resistance coefficient, no unit；
L2: vertical section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρL: foaming water discharge agent solution density, unit: kg/m3；
vg: gas flow rate, unit: m/s；
D: foam maker internal diameter, unit: m.
Foam gravitational pressure drop Δ G2By foam density ρf, gravity acceleration g and vertical section survey pressure section segment length L2It determines, i.e.,
ΔG2=ρfgL2；Foam density ρfBy foam quality Γ, gas density ρgWith solution density ρLIt determines, i.e. ρf=ρgΓ+ρL(1-
Γ), foam quality Γ is calculated:Wherein:
Γ: foam quality, unit: %；
ΔG2: foam gravitational pressure drop, unit: Pa；
L2: vertical section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρg: the gas density under pressure P, temperature T, unit: kg/m3；
ρL: solution density, unit: kg/m3；
G: acceleration of gravity, value: 9.8m/s2。
Step 4: foaming water discharge agent is evaluated and tested according to foam resistance coefficient λ: under given test pipe,
Foam resistance coefficient λ is only related with fluid media (medium), and the frictional resistance of the smaller then foam of foam resistance coefficient λ is smaller,
The performance of foaming water discharge agent is more excellent；Using foam resistance coefficient λ as evaluation metrics, help preferably to go out to rub along journey to hinder
The small foaming water discharge agent of power meets the low frictional resistance pressure drop needs of horizontal gas well bubble row's pit shaft；
Step 5: foaming water discharge agent is evaluated and tested according to foam quality Γ: is formed when foam quality Γ is less than 64% wet
Foam, bubble is discrete loose, and foam quality forms dry foam when being greater than 64%, and foaming structure is stablized, and liquid slippage is small, i.e. foam
Quality Γ is higher, and foaming water discharge agent performance is more excellent.Using foam quality Γ as evaluation metrics, help preferably to go out foam quality
Foaming water discharge agent high, foaming structure is stable meets the low liquid of horizontal gas well bubble row's pit shaft and slips needs.
Claims (5)
1. the evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance, it is characterized in that:
Step 1: pressure sensor, temperature are equipped in the foam maker being made of horizontal pipe section, inclination pipeline section and vertical section
Sensor and gas flowmeter are spent, and horizontal differential pressure pickup is installed in horizontal pipe section, vertical section installs perpendicular differential pressure
Sensor；
Step 2: the foaming water discharge agent solution of injection setting concentration into horizontal pipe section, and occurred by horizontal pipe section to foam
It is passed through high pressure gas in device, the operating condition tolerance Q in foam maker is shown by the gas flowmeterg, pass through the pressure
Force snesor shows the pressure P in foam maker, shows the temperature T in foam maker by the temperature sensor；
Step 3: it is made to generate foam, the bubble by the foaming water discharge agent solution in the high pressure gas level of agitation pipeline section
It after foam flows through the horizontal pipe section, inclination pipeline section and vertical section, is defoamed into foam trap, and passes through horizontal pressure difference sensing
The pressure differential deltap P of device detection level pipeline section1；The pressure differential deltap P of vertical section is detected by perpendicular differential pressure sensor2；Obtain the height
Calm the anger gas density ρ of the body at the pressure P and temperature Tg；According to operating condition tolerance QgWith the section of foam maker pipeline section
Product A, acquires gas flow rate vg=Qg/A；
According to the pressure differential deltap P of horizontal pipe section1With gas flow rate vgFoam resistance coefficient λ is calculated；
According to the pressure differential deltap P of vertical section2, gas flow rate vgFoam gravitational pressure drop Δ is calculated with foam resistance coefficient λ
G2；
According to foam gravitational pressure drop Δ G2With the gas density ρgFoam quality Γ is calculated；
Step 4: evaluated and tested according to foam resistance coefficient λ to foaming water discharge agent: foam resistance coefficient λ is smaller then
The frictional resistance of foam is smaller, and the performance of foaming water discharge agent is more excellent；
Step 5: evaluated and tested according to foam quality Γ to foaming water discharge agent: foam quality Γ is higher, and foaming water discharge agent performance is got over
It is excellent.
2. the evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: pass through in step 3
Air density meter obtains gas density ρ of the high pressure gas at the pressure P and temperature Tg。
3. the evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in step 3
Calculate the formula of foam resistance coefficient λ are as follows:Wherein:
λ: foam resistance coefficient, no unit；
ΔP1: horizontal pipe section test pressure differential, unit: Pa；
L1: horizontal pipe section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρL: solution density, unit: kg/m3；
vg: gas flow rate, unit: m/s；
D: foam maker internal diameter, unit: m.
4. the evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in step 3
Calculate foam gravitational pressure drop Δ G2Formula are as follows:Wherein:
ΔG2: foam gravitational pressure drop, unit: Pa；
ΔP2: vertical section test pressure differential, unit: Pa；
λ: foam resistance coefficient, no unit；
L2: vertical section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρL: foaming water discharge agent solution density, unit: kg/m3；
vg: gas flow rate, unit: m/s；
D: foam maker internal diameter, unit: m.
5. the evaluating method of horizontal gas well foaming water discharge agent performance as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in step 3
Calculate the formula of foam quality Γ are as follows:Wherein:
Γ: foam quality, unit: %；
ΔG2: foam gravitational pressure drop, unit: Pa；
L2: vertical section surveys pressure section segment length, unit: m；
ρg: the gas density under pressure P, temperature T, unit: kg/m3；
ρL: solution density, unit: kg/m3；
G: acceleration of gravity, value: 9.8m/s2。
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| CN102839967B (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-05-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Multifunctional horizontal gas well simulation experiment device |
| CN204374167U (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-06-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of foaming properties evaluation system |
| CN205175982U (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-04-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Foam dynamic behavior appraises device |
| CN106321047B (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2019-03-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of experimental method of dummy level well plugging mechanism |
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