CN107421717B - Method and device for automatically testing minimum detectable temperature difference of infrared imager - Google Patents
Method and device for automatically testing minimum detectable temperature difference of infrared imager Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for automatically testing the minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager, wherein the method comprises the steps of firstly adjusting the gain of the infrared imager to be maximum, adjusting the gain to be larger in temperature difference to enable a round hole target to be cleaned and imaged, reducing the temperature difference to enable the imaging quality of the round hole target to be reduced to be M times of that of clear imaging, and recording the temperature difference at the moment; continuously reducing the temperature difference to enable the imaging quality of the round hole target to become M times of that of clear imaging again, and recording the temperature difference at the moment; calculating a minimum detectable temperature difference by using the temperature difference value; the device comprises an optical platform for bearing all equipment, a temperature control module for controlling the ambient temperature, a differential blackbody source module for emitting target infrared radiation, a target wheel module for enabling a differential blackbody source to form a specified shape and frequency, a differential blackbody source temperature controller for controlling the temperature of the differential blackbody source, a collimator for controlling the shape of converted infrared radiation, and a computer for controlling each module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of performance parameter testing of infrared imagers, in particular to a method and a device for automatically testing the minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager.
Background
The Minimum Detectable Temperature Difference (MDTD) is an important parameter for evaluating an infrared imaging system, reflects the thermal sensitivity characteristics of the system, and also reflects the spatial resolution of the system, which is defined as: when the observation time is not limited, a square or round target with a certain size and the position of the target can be just distinguished on the display screen of the infrared imaging system, and the temperature difference between the target and the background is called as the minimum detectable temperature difference corresponding to the size of the target.
At present, the international mainstream MDTD measurement still adopts a human eye observation method (subjective measurement method) by professionals, and the method has strong practicability but is influenced by the self correlation of observers, so that the uncertainty of the measurement result is large, and the reliability and the repeatability are not high. With the development of computer technology, in the last 90 s in China, research on an MDTD objective measurement method is developed, mainly based on a neural network algorithm, features of infrared images generated by an infrared imager are extracted and identified through a computer, but the method still needs to perform subsequent processing on the images on the basis of the result of establishing a subjective measurement method, so that the method is still limited by influences caused by manpower.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the minimum detectable temperature difference measurement in the background technology is greatly influenced by a main observation, the invention provides the method and the device for automatically testing the minimum detectable temperature difference of the infrared imager, and the method and the device do not need to manually evaluate the image quality of the infrared imager, thereby ensuring the objective accuracy of the test result.
A method for automatically testing a minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager, the method comprising:
step 1, selecting a round hole target with spatial frequency f, and setting the gain of an infrared imager to be maximum;
step 2, setting a large temperature difference value by using a differential blackbody source temperature controller to clearly image the round hole target, wherein the temperature difference is the temperature difference between the target background and the differential blackbody source;
and 3, reducing the temperature difference step by step, collecting the image reduced each time and calculating the imaging quality of the round hole target, and recording the temperature difference as delta T when the imaging quality is reduced to M times of clear imaging1Wherein M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
and 4, continuously reducing the temperature difference value, collecting the image reduced each time, calculating the imaging quality of the round hole target, and recording the temperature difference value delta T when the imaging quality is M times of the clear imaging again2Wherein M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
step 5, according to the delta T1And Δ T2Calculating the minimum detectable temperature difference;
and 6, replacing the round hole targets with different spatial frequencies, repeating the steps to test the minimum detectable temperature difference corresponding to the different spatial frequencies, and drawing a minimum detectable temperature difference curve of the tested infrared imager.
Further, collecting current infrared image data I, calculating the maximum entropy threshold of the image and dividing the image into target areas IoAnd a background region IbTwo parts, extracting the target region IoAnd c, calculating the perimeter and the area of the region surrounded by c, and respectively recording the perimeter and the area as lengt (c) and area (c), and then obtaining the imaging quality QICalculated as follows:
wherein the target area IoImaging area for circular hole target, background area IbRemoving the area except the round hole target imaging area from the collected image;
furthermore, the clear imaging of the round hole target means that the round hole target is QI>When 0.8 hour, judging that the current infrared image data I is clear infrared imaging of the round hole target, and recording the imaging area of the round hole target at the moment as
Further, the imaging quality multiple M is 3/4;
further, each time the temperature difference value decreases,acquiring current infrared image data I ', calculating the maximum entropy threshold of the image and segmenting the image into candidate target areas I'ocAnd candidate background region I'bTwo parts, if candidate target region I'ocComprising N (N)>0) The unconnected areas, namely: i'oc＝{c′0，...，c′NFourthly, the current round hole target imaging area
Current round hole target imaging area I'OLocated in a clear imaging region
The inner part is marked as
The above-mentioned
I′oLocated in a clear imaging region
The outer part is marked as
The above-mentioned
Then the current round hole target imaging quality is QI′The calculation is as follows:
wherein A isIIs the total imaging area;
further, the round hole target imaging quality QI′Satisfy | QI′when-M < 0.01, the imaging quality meets the definition qualityM times the amount;
further, the method of the minimum detectable temperature difference is
An infrared imager minimum detectable temperature differential automatic testing device, said device comprising:
the optical platform is stable horizontally and has no vibration and is used for bearing all equipment;
the temperature control module is used for controlling the ambient temperature during testing;
the radiation target module consists of a differential blackbody source and a round hole target and is used for generating an infrared radiation target with a specified shape required by a test;
a differential blackbody source temperature controller for setting a differential blackbody source temperature to control an amount of infrared radiation;
the collimator is used for converting the infrared radiation generated by the radiation target module into parallel beams for the infrared imager to collect;
the computer is used for carrying out data communication with the differential blackbody source temperature controller and the infrared imager to be detected, further setting the differential blackbody source temperature and acquiring image data of the infrared imager; and the computer is used for processing the image data of the infrared imager to obtain the minimum detectable temperature difference test result.
Furthermore, the device comprises a precise rotary table, wherein the precise rotary table is used for precisely adjusting the imaging distance and angle of the infrared imager so that the infrared imager can accurately acquire the infrared radiation output by the collimator; the precision rotary table is controlled by a computer;
furthermore, the temperature control module is a shielding chamber capable of controlling temperature, and other modules of the device are all arranged in the shielding chamber;
furthermore, the round hole target in the radiation target module is arranged between the differential blackbody source and the collimator, so that the infrared radiation of the differential blackbody source enters the collimator after passing through the round hole target;
furthermore, the device can be used in the measurement tests of Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference (NETD), minimum distinguishable temperature difference (MRTD) and transfer function (MFT) except that the round hole target and the computer processing data module are correspondingly modified.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method and a device for automatically testing the minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager, wherein the method and the device can automatically acquire image data of the infrared imager and calculate the minimum detectable temperature difference in the whole measurement process, so that the working efficiency is improved; the image quality of the infrared imager is not required to be evaluated manually, so that the accuracy and the objectivity of the minimum detectable temperature difference measurement result are ensured; meanwhile, the device is high in universality, and the required device can be used in relative measurement tests of NETD, MRTD and MFT except for the round hole target.
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A more complete understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be had by reference to the following drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for automatically testing a minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an automatic testing device for a minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for automatically testing a minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising:
101, selecting a round hole target with spatial frequency f, and setting the gain of an infrared imager to be maximum;
102, setting a large temperature difference value by using a differential blackbody source temperature controller to clearly image the round hole target, wherein the temperature difference is the temperature difference between a target background and a differential blackbody source;
103, reducing the temperature difference step by step, collecting the image reduced each time and calculating the imaging quality of the round hole target, and recording the temperature difference as delta T when the imaging quality is reduced to M times of clear imaging1Wherein M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
and step 104, continuously reducing the temperature difference value, collecting the image reduced each time, calculating the imaging quality of the round hole target, and recording the temperature difference value delta T when the imaging quality is M times of the clear imaging again2Wherein M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
and 106, replacing the round hole targets with different spatial frequencies, repeating the steps to test the minimum detectable temperature difference corresponding to the different spatial frequencies, and drawing a minimum detectable temperature difference curve of the tested infrared imager.
Further, collecting current infrared image data I, calculating the maximum entropy threshold of the image and dividing the image into target areas IoAnd a background region IbTwo parts, extracting the target region IoAnd c, calculating the perimeter and the area of the region surrounded by c, and respectively recording the perimeter and the area as lengt (c) and area (c), and then obtaining the imaging quality QICalculated as follows:
wherein the target area IoImaging area for circular hole target, background area IbRemoving the area except the round hole target imaging area from the collected image;
furthermore, the clear imaging of the round hole target means that the round hole target is QI>When 0.8 hour, judging that the current infrared image data I is clear infrared imaging of the round hole target, and recording the imaging area of the round hole target at the moment as
Further, the imaging quality multiple M is 3/4;
further, acquiring current infrared image data I 'when the temperature difference value is reduced once, calculating the maximum entropy threshold value of the image and dividing the image into candidate target areas I'ocAnd candidate background region IbTwo parts, if candidate target region I'ocComprising N (N)>0) The unconnected areas, namely: i'oc＝{c′0，...，c′NFourthly, the current round hole target imaging area
Current round hole target imaging area I'oLocated in a clear imaging region
The inner part is marked as
The above-mentioned
I′oLocated in a clear imaging region
The outer part is marked as
The above-mentioned
Then the current round hole target imaging quality is QI′The calculation is as follows:
wherein A isIIs the total imaging area;
further, the round hole target imaging quality QI′Satisfy | QI′When M < 0.01, the imaging quality meets M times of the clear quality;
further, the method of the minimum detectable temperature difference is
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an automatic testing device for a minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager according to an embodiment of the present invention, the device includes:
the optical platform 201 is stable horizontally and has no vibration, and is used for bearing all equipment;
the temperature control module 202, the temperature control module 202 is used for controlling the environmental temperature during testing;
the irradiation target module 203 consists of a differential blackbody source and a round hole target and is used for generating an infrared irradiation target with a specified shape required by the test;
a differential blackbody source temperature controller 204, the differential blackbody source temperature controller 204 configured to set a differential blackbody source temperature to control an amount of infrared radiation;
the collimator 205, the collimator 205 is used for converting the infrared radiation generated by the radiation target module into parallel beams for the infrared imager to collect;
the computer 207 is used for carrying out data communication with the differential blackbody source temperature controller 204 and the infrared imager to be detected, further setting the differential blackbody source temperature and acquiring image data of the infrared imager; the computer 207 is used for processing image data of the infrared imager to obtain a minimum detectable temperature difference test result.
Further, the device comprises a precision turntable 206, wherein the precision turntable 206 is used for precisely adjusting the imaging distance and angle of the infrared imager so that the infrared imager can accurately acquire the infrared radiation output by the collimator; the precision turntable 206 is controlled by a computer 207;
further, the temperature control module 202 is a shielding chamber capable of performing temperature control, and other modules of the apparatus are all disposed in the shielding chamber;
further, the round hole target in the radiation target module 203 is disposed between the differential blackbody source and the collimator 205, so that the infrared radiation of the differential blackbody source enters the collimator 205 after passing through the round hole target;
furthermore, the device can be used in the measurement tests of Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference (NETD), minimum distinguishable temperature difference (MRTD) and transfer function (MFT) except that the round hole target and the computer processing data module are correspondingly modified.
Claims (11)
1. A method for automatically testing a minimum detectable temperature difference of an infrared imager, the method comprising:
step 1, selecting a round hole target with spatial frequency f, and setting the gain of an infrared imager to be maximum;
step 2, setting a large temperature difference value by using a differential blackbody source temperature controller to clearly image the round hole target, wherein the temperature difference value is a temperature difference value between a target background and a blackbody source;
and 3, reducing the temperature difference step by step, collecting the image reduced each time and calculating the imaging quality of the round hole target, and recording the temperature difference as delta T when the imaging quality is reduced to M times of clear imaging1Wherein M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
and 4, continuously reducing the temperature difference value, collecting the image reduced each time and calculating the imaging quality of the round hole target, and forming clear image again when the imaging quality is obtainedAt M times, the temperature difference is recorded as Δ T2Wherein M is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1;
step 5, according to the delta T1And Δ T2Calculating the minimum detectable temperature difference;
step 6, replacing the round hole targets with different spatial frequencies, repeating the steps 1-5 to test the minimum detectable temperature difference corresponding to the different spatial frequencies, and drawing a minimum detectable temperature difference curve of the tested infrared imager;
when the temperature difference value is reduced once, current infrared image data I 'are collected, the maximum entropy threshold value of the image is calculated, and the image is divided into candidate target areas I'ocAnd candidate background region I'bTwo parts, if candidate target region I'ocN is contained, and N is more than 0 unconnected areas, namely: i'oc＝{c′0，...，c′NFourthly, the current round hole target imaging area
Current round hole target imaging area I'oLocated in a clear imaging region
The inner part is marked as
The above-mentioned
I′0Located in a clear imaging region
The outer part is marked as
The above-mentioned
Then the current round hole target imaging quality is QI′The calculation is as follows:
wherein A isIIs the total imaged area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: collecting current infrared image data I, calculating the maximum entropy threshold of the image and dividing the image into target areas IoAnd a background region IbTwo parts, extracting the target region IoAnd c, calculating the perimeter and the area of the region surrounded by c, and respectively recording the perimeter and the area as lengt (c) and area (c), and then obtaining the imaging quality QICalculated as follows:
wherein the target area IoImaging area for circular hole target, background area IbThe area of the acquired image except the imaging area of the round hole target is removed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the clear imaging of the round hole target refers to that the round hole target is QIWhen the infrared image data I is more than 0.8, judging that the current infrared image data I is clear infrared imaging of the round hole target, and recording the imaging area of the round hole target at the moment as
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the imaging quality multiple M is 3/4.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the circular holeTarget imaging quality QI′Satisfy | QI′when-M < 0.01, the imaging quality meets M times of the clear quality.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method of the minimum detectable temperature difference comprises
7. An infrared imager minimum detectable temperature differential automatic testing apparatus using the method of any one of claims 1-6, said apparatus comprising:
the optical platform is stable horizontally and has no vibration and is used for bearing all equipment;
the temperature control module is used for controlling the ambient temperature during testing;
the radiation target module consists of a differential blackbody source and a round hole target and is used for generating an infrared radiation target with a specified shape required by a test;
a differential blackbody source temperature controller for setting a blackbody source temperature to control an amount of infrared radiation;
the collimator is used for converting the infrared radiation generated by the radiation target module into parallel beams for the infrared imager to collect;
the computer is used for carrying out data communication with the differential blackbody source temperature controller and the infrared imager to be detected, further setting the blackbody source temperature and acquiring image data of the infrared imager; and the computer is used for processing the image data of the infrared imager to obtain the minimum detectable temperature difference test result.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the device comprises a precise rotary table, wherein the precise rotary table is used for precisely adjusting the imaging distance and angle of the infrared imager so that the infrared imager can accurately acquire the infrared radiation output by the collimator; the precision rotary table is controlled by a computer.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the temperature control module is a shielding chamber capable of controlling temperature, and other modules of the device are all arranged in the shielding chamber.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the round hole target in the radiation target module is arranged between the differential blackbody source and the collimator, so that the infrared radiation of the differential blackbody source enters the collimator after passing through the round hole target.
11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: after the device correspondingly modifies the round hole target and the computer processing data module, the device can be used in measurement tests of Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference (NETD), minimum distinguishable temperature difference (MRTD) and transfer function (MFT).
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| CN108897059A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-27 | 北京航天自动控制研究所 | A kind of Infrared Targets imaging detectivity analysis method |
| CN109060144A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-21 | 电子科技大学 | The method that thermal infrared imager NETD is tested automatically |
| CN110095193B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-03-12 | 武汉高芯科技有限公司 | Thermal infrared imager noise equivalent temperature difference testing method and system |
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