CN107420075B - Upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device - Google Patents

Upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device Download PDF

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CN107420075B
CN107420075B CN201710495033.1A CN201710495033A CN107420075B CN 107420075 B CN107420075 B CN 107420075B CN 201710495033 A CN201710495033 A CN 201710495033A CN 107420075 B CN107420075 B CN 107420075B
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hole
eccentric
pressure
wall
main body
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CN107420075A (en
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杜成良
孙红岗
高硕�
凌龙
任永宏
胡鹏
陶婧
赵建鹏
凌云
王鹏
陈海波
高丽萍
王军
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/14Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/08Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells responsive to flow or pressure of the fluid obtained

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Bathtubs, Showers, And Their Attachments (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device, which comprises a main body, wherein a first eccentric through hole and a second eccentric through hole which are formed in the top surface of the main body are communicated with a central through hole formed in the bottom surface of the main body; the valve seat and the ball valve are respectively plugged at the top end part of the first eccentric through hole and the communication part of the first eccentric through hole and the central through hole, and a communication hole between the first eccentric through hole and the second eccentric through hole is positioned above the ball valve; the throat pipe is inserted in the second eccentric through hole, and the central pore canal of the throat pipe is communicated with the second eccentric through hole; the inner diameter of the bottom end of the throat pipe is increased, and a nozzle is arranged to enable a central pore canal of the throat pipe to be communicated with the central pore canal of the nozzle; the pressing cap is arranged below the overflow hole formed in the inner wall of the main body, and a third eccentric through hole formed in the center of the pressing cap is overlapped with the central axis of the second eccentric through hole, so that the spray head is positioned at the inner side of the top end of the third eccentric through hole; the upper-layer low-pressure negative-pressure separate mining device solves the problem that the pressure difference between layers in multi-layer mining causes the high-pressure layer to flow backward to the low-pressure layer, and multi-layer common mining is realized.

Description

Upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield development, in particular to an upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device.
Background
With the lapse of oil field development time, most oil wells enter a high extraction stage, the difficulty of improving the recovery ratio is increased year by year, and the difficulty of measures is increased continuously. In recent oilfield development processes, single-layer mining or multi-layer combined mining is mainly used. After multi-layer production, the production of some oil wells does not increase unexpectedly, and even the extreme case of negative increase of the production occurs. The interlayer pressure difference between the original exploitation layer and the newly-jetted exploitation layer is as high as more than 5MPa, the interlayer contradiction is very prominent, the phenomenon that the high-pressure layer flows backward to the low-pressure layer after multi-layer exploitation is caused, the exploitation effect is seriously influenced, and the technology research capable of effectively solving the problem at home and abroad is less.
The existing method for solving the technology is that in a production well, a releasing device, a packer and a layered oil extractor are used in a matched mode, after the packer seals a stratum, a jet pump-like principle is adopted, a high-pressure liquid layer forms a negative pressure area through an internal jet device of the layered oil extractor during oil extraction, the low-pressure layer is induced and sucked, and meanwhile, a double single-flow valve is arranged to prevent high-pressure fluid from flowing backward to the low-pressure area. However, the structure is complex, the generated negative pressure is small, the size of the fluid channel of the low-pressure area is small, the problem that the pressure difference between the layers is small (within 1MPa at most) is solved, the low-pressure layer can be plugged under the condition that the pressure difference between the layers is large, the application range is limited, the existing requirements cannot be met, and the device cannot be widely applied to oil fields. Therefore, a novel negative pressure separate mining device is needed, which can enlarge the fluid channel of the low pressure area, improve the range of the pressure difference between the layers, and meet the separate mining requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an upper-layer low-pressure negative-pressure separate mining device which can make up the defects of small negative pressure range, small fluid channel in a low-pressure area, limited application range and the like of the traditional device.
For this purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device comprises a main body, a throat pipe, a spray head, a pressure cap, a ball valve and a valve seat, wherein the throat pipe, the spray head, the pressure cap, the ball valve and the valve seat are arranged in the main body; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
a first eccentric through hole and a second eccentric through hole are respectively formed in the top surface of the main body along the axial direction, and a central through hole is formed in the bottom surface of the main body; the first eccentric through hole and the second eccentric through hole are communicated with the central through hole respectively;
a plurality of through holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side wall of the lower side of the main body and serve as low-pressure fluid channels, so that fluid in the upper low-pressure layer enters the central through hole through the through holes;
the valve seat is arranged and blocked at the top end part of the first eccentric through hole; the ball valve is arranged and plugged at the communication position of the first eccentric through hole and the central through hole; a communication hole is formed between the first eccentric through hole and the second eccentric through hole along the radial direction, and the communication hole is formed adjacent to the ball valve and is positioned above the ball valve; the valve seat and the ball valve arranged in the first eccentric through hole form a single-flow control valve of the device, so that the liquid in the high-pressure layer cannot flow back into the low-pressure layer;
the top end of the throat pipe is inserted and fixed at the bottom of the second eccentric through hole, so that a small-size pore canal formed in the center of the throat pipe is communicated with the second eccentric through hole; the inner diameter of the bottom end of the throat pipe is increased, and the top end of the nozzle is sleeved on the inner side of the bottom end of the throat pipe, so that a small-size pore canal of the throat pipe is communicated with a large-size pore canal formed in the center of the nozzle;
the pressure cap is sleeved and fixed on the inner wall of the main body, and the pressure cap is arranged below the overflow hole; a third eccentric through hole is formed in the top surface of the pressing cap along the axial direction downwards, and the central axes of the third eccentric through hole and the second eccentric through hole coincide, so that the bottom end of the spray head is sleeved and fixed on the inner side of the top end of the third eccentric through hole, and a large-size pore canal of the spray head is communicated with the third eccentric through hole.
Further, the upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure sub-extraction device also comprises an upper joint, a connecting cylinder and a lower joint; the upper joint, the main body, the connecting cylinder and the lower joint are sequentially connected in a threaded mode. Wherein the connecting cylinder is used for prolonging the flow path of the low-pressure liquid in the device.
Further, the inner wall of the communication part of the second eccentric through hole and the venturi is gradually shrunk and processed into a cone shape, and the inner diameter of the end part of the bottom end of the cone shape is consistent with the inner diameter of the small-size pore canal of the venturi, so that the high-pressure fluid is prevented from turbulent flow when entering the small-size pore canal of the venturi from the second eccentric through hole.
Further, the inner wall of the upper side of the large-size pore canal arranged in the center of the spray head is gradually contracted into a cone shape from bottom to top, and the inner diameter of the end part of the conical top end is consistent with the inner diameter of the small-size pore canal of the throat, so that turbulent flow is prevented from being generated when the rapid fluid in the small-size pore canal of the throat enters the large-size pore canal of the spray head.
Further, a seal is formed between the valve seat and the inner wall of the first eccentric through hole; the inner wall at the bottom end of the second eccentric through hole and the outer wall at the top end of the throat pipe form a seal; the inner wall of the bottom end of the throat pipe and the outer wall of the top end of the nozzle form a seal; the outer wall of the bottom end of the nozzle and the inner wall of the third eccentric through hole form a seal; and the top end outer wall and the bottom end outer wall of the press cap are respectively sealed with the inner wall of the main body.
Further, the upper joint is in sealing connection with the body; the lower connector is in sealing connection with the connecting cylinder.
The upper-layer low-pressure negative-pressure separate mining device solves the problem that the pressure difference between layers in multi-layer mining causes the high-pressure layer to flow backward to the low-pressure layer, and multi-layer common mining is realized. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the structure is simple and reasonable, the single check valve is adopted, the fluid passing capacity of a low-pressure area is improved to the maximum extent, the application range of pressure difference between tool layers is enlarged, the requirements of most oil well exploitation are met, the recovery ratio is greatly improved, and the device has higher application value and wide popularization prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main body of an upper-layer low-pressure sub-mining device according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pressure cap of the upper-layer low-pressure sub-sampling device.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are in no way limiting.
As shown in fig. 1, the upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure sub-sampling device comprises an upper joint 1, a main body 2, a connecting cylinder 9 and a lower joint 6 which are sequentially connected in a threaded manner from top to bottom; the inner side of the main body 2 is provided with a throat pipe 3, a spray head 4, a press cap 5, a ball valve 7 and a valve seat 8.
As shown in fig. 2, the main body 2 has a cylindrical structure, and a first eccentric through hole 201 and a second eccentric through hole 202 are respectively formed on the top surface of the main body 2 along the axial direction, and a central through hole 203 is formed on the bottom surface of the main body 2; the first eccentric through hole 201 and the second eccentric through hole 202 are respectively in communication with the central through hole 203; four flow holes 10 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side wall of the lower side of the main body 2;
the valve seat 8 is arranged on the inner side of the top end part of the first eccentric through hole 201 and is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first eccentric through hole 201 through threads; specifically, the valve seat 8 has a cylindrical structure, the outer diameter of the valve seat 8 is matched with the inner diameter of the first eccentric through hole 201, the top end of the valve seat 8 is provided with an annular flange, the inner wall of the top end of the first eccentric through hole 201 is inwards recessed to form a first annular step matched with the annular flange at the top end of the valve seat 8, so that the valve seat 8 is inserted in the first eccentric through hole 201, and the annular flange is press-fit on the first annular step of the inner wall of the first eccentric through hole 201; in addition, the valve seat 8 is completely blocked at the top end of the first eccentric through hole 201 by a double seal ring arranged between the outer wall of the annular flange of the valve seat 8 and the inner wall of the first eccentric through hole 201.
The ball valve 7 is a circular sphere and is arranged at the bottom of the first eccentric through hole 201; specifically, the bottom end of the first eccentric through hole 201 (i.e. the communication position with the central through hole 203) is processed into a circular concave surface which is matched with the shape of the ball valve 7, so that the ball valve 7 is pressed on the circular concave surface, and a communication channel between the first eccentric through hole 201 and the central through hole 203 is blocked; a communication hole 204 is formed between the first eccentric through hole 201 and the second eccentric through hole 202 along the radial direction, and the communication hole 204 is formed adjacent to the ball valve 7 and is positioned above the ball valve 7, so that the ball valve 7 ascends under the action of pressure difference, and a communication channel between the central through hole 203 and the second eccentric through hole 202 is opened, thereby realizing pressure stabilization.
The throat pipe 3 is of a cylindrical structure, the outer diameter of the upper part of the throat pipe is smaller than that of the lower part of the throat pipe, and a small-size pore canal is formed downwards along the axial direction from the center of the top end of the throat pipe 3; the inner wall of the bottom end of the second eccentric through hole 202 protrudes inwards to enable the top end of the throat pipe 3 to be inserted into the bottom end of the second eccentric through hole 202, so that the second eccentric through hole 202 is communicated with a small-size pore canal of the throat pipe 3, and in order to prevent turbulent flow, the inner wall of the communicating part of the second eccentric through hole 202 and the throat pipe 3 is gradually contracted and processed into a cone shape, and the inner diameter of the end part of the cone-shaped bottom end is consistent with the inner diameter of the small-size pore canal of the throat pipe 3; also, in order to ensure the tightness, a seal is formed between the outer wall of the top end of the throat pipe 3 and the inner wall of the bottom end of the second eccentric through hole 202 by the two sealing rings.
The inner diameter of the inner wall at the bottom end of the throat pipe 3 is increased, so that the top end of the spray head 4 is sleeved on the inner side of the bottom end of the throat pipe 3 and is fixedly connected with threads, and the second eccentric through hole 202, the small-size pore canal of the throat pipe 3 and the large-size pore canal of the spray head 4 are communicated; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Specifically, a large-size pore canal is formed in the center of the spray head 4, the inner wall of the upper side of the large-size pore canal gradually contracts into a cone shape from bottom to top, and the inner diameter of the end part of the conical top end is consistent with the inner diameter of the small-size pore canal of the throat pipe 3, so that turbulence is prevented from occurring; also, in order to ensure tightness, two sealing rings are arranged between the inner wall of the bottom end of the throat pipe 3 and the outer wall of the top end of the nozzle 4 to form sealing.
The pressure cap 5 is sleeved and fixed on the inner wall of the lower side of the main body 2, and the pressure cap 5 is arranged below the overflow hole 10; specifically, the inner wall of the lower side of the main body 2 is inwards recessed to form a second annular step, so that the cylindrical press cap 5 is sleeved on the inner side of the main body 2, the top end of the cylindrical press cap is propped against the lower end face of the second annular step, and the bottom end of the cylindrical press cap is press-fitted on the top face of the connecting cylinder 9; as shown in fig. 3, a third eccentric through hole 501 is opened downwards along the axial direction from the top surface of the pressure cap 5, and the central axes of the third eccentric through hole 501 and the second eccentric through hole 202 are coincident, so that the bottom end of the spray head 4 is inserted into the third eccentric through hole 501, and further, a large-size pore canal of the spray head 4 is communicated with the third eccentric through hole 501; wherein, the inner wall of the third eccentric through hole 501 is provided with an annular step, so that the bottom end of the spray head 4 is pressed on the upper end surface of the annular step on the inner wall of the third eccentric through hole 501 for fixing. In order to ensure tightness, two sealing rings are arranged between the outer wall of the top end and the outer wall of the bottom end of the press cap 5 and the inner wall of the main body 2 respectively to form sealing; the inner wall of the third eccentric through hole 501 of the press cap 5 and the outer wall of the bottom end of the spray head 4 are sealed by two sealing rings.
In addition, a seal is formed between the upper joint 1 and the body 2, and between the lower joint 6 and the connecting cylinder 9 by the two sealing rings.
Wherein, the inner diameter of the second eccentric through hole 202 and the inner diameter of the large inner diameter hole of the nozzle 4 are far greater than the inner diameter of the small inner diameter hole of the throat 3, so that the lower high pressure liquid flowing through the large inner diameter hole of the nozzle 4 from the third eccentric through hole 501 and the nozzle 4 and entering the small inner diameter hole of the throat 3 forms an emergency flow, the flow speed and the hydraulic pressure are rapidly increased, and the liquid flowing out of the small inner diameter hole of the throat 3 and entering the second eccentric through hole 202 is rapidly increased due to the inner diameter of the circulation channel, so that the flow speed is unchanged but the hydraulic pressure is instantly released to be lower than the hydraulic pressure of the upper low pressure liquid, and a negative pressure area is formed in the second eccentric through hole 202.
When the device is used, the upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure separate sampling device is arranged at the tail end of the pipe string, and the upper part of the device is connected with the liquid discharge pump and is lowered to the middle position of the two layers.
The working principle of the upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device is as follows:
when the two layers of stratum fluids are produced and have interlayer pressure difference, and the upper layer is a low-pressure area and the lower layer is a high-pressure area, the upper layer low-pressure negative pressure separate production device is lowered to the middle position of the high-pressure layer and the low-pressure layer; at this time, the high-pressure liquid in the lower stratum enters the device through the lower joint 6 and sequentially flows through the connecting cylinder 9, the third eccentric through hole 501, the large-inner diameter pore canal of the nozzle 4 and the small-inner diameter pore canal of the throat 3 to enter the second eccentric through hole 202; on the other hand, the upper low pressure liquid flows into the device through four overflow holes formed on the side wall of the main body 2, namely, the central through hole 203; when the low-layer high-pressure liquid enters the small-diameter pore canal of the throat pipe 3 from the large-diameter pore canal of the nozzle 4, the inner diameter of the small-diameter pore canal of the throat pipe 3 is far smaller than the inner diameter of the second eccentric through hole 202, so that the high-pressure liquid forms an emergency flow in the small-diameter pore canal of the throat pipe 3, and the flow speed and the hydraulic pressure of the emergency flow are both larger than those of the low-layer high-pressure liquid; when the fluid flows out from the small inner diameter pore canal of the throat pipe 3, the inner diameter of the second eccentric through hole 202 is far larger than that of the small inner diameter pore canal of the throat pipe 3, so that the pressure of the rapid fluid in the throat pipe 3 is instantaneously released, the flow rate of the fluid entering the second eccentric through hole 202 is unchanged, the pressure is instantaneously lowered and is lower than that of the lower-layer low-pressure fluid, and the fluid forms a negative pressure area in the second eccentric through hole 202; under the action of the negative pressure, the ball valve 7 moves upwards, opens the fluid channel formed among the central through hole 203, the first eccentric through hole 201, the communication hole 204 and the second eccentric through hole 202, and induces the low-pressure liquid in the low-pressure layer, so that the upper-layer low-pressure liquid can flow into the device from the overflow hole 10 to be combined with the fluid in the second eccentric through hole 202, and simultaneously, the upper-layer high-pressure liquid and the lower-layer low-pressure liquid form stable circulation in the device.
The valve seat and the ball valve arranged in the first eccentric through hole form a uniflow control valve of the device, so that a low-pressure area fluid channel can be effectively plugged, the channel can be opened in one direction only, high-pressure layer liquid cannot flow into a low-pressure layer, and double-layer common exploitation of an upper high-pressure layer and a lower low-pressure layer is realized. Meanwhile, the structural design of the device enables the inside of the device to generate negative pressure of more than 5Mpa so as to adapt to interlayer pressure difference of 0-5 Mpa.
In summary, the upper-layer low-pressure sub-production device solves the problem of the common production of two layers with unbalanced upper and lower pressure in an oil well, realizes the simultaneous production of more than two layers, fully utilizes the energy of a high-layer region and improves the recovery ratio.

Claims (6)

1. The upper-layer low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device is characterized by comprising a main body (2), a throat (3), a spray head (4), a pressure cap (5), a ball valve (7) and a valve seat (8), wherein the throat (3), the spray head (4), the pressure cap (5) and the ball valve (7) are arranged in the main body (2); wherein, a first eccentric through hole (201) and a second eccentric through hole (202) are respectively arranged on the top surface of the main body (2) along the axial direction, and a central through hole (203) is arranged on the bottom surface of the main body (2); the first eccentric through hole (201) and the second eccentric through hole (202) are respectively communicated with the central through hole (203); a plurality of flow holes (10) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side wall of the lower side of the main body (2);
the valve seat (8) is arranged and blocked at the top end part of the first eccentric through hole (201); the ball valve (7) is arranged and blocked at the communication part of the first eccentric through hole (201) and the central through hole (203); a communication hole (204) is formed between the first eccentric through hole (201) and the second eccentric through hole (202) along the radial direction, and the communication hole (204) is formed adjacent to the ball valve (7) and is positioned above the ball valve (7);
the top end of the throat pipe (3) is inserted and fixed at the bottom of the second eccentric through hole (202), so that a small-size pore canal formed in the center of the throat pipe (3) is communicated with the second eccentric through hole (202); the inner diameter of the bottom end of the throat pipe (3) is increased, and the top end of the nozzle (4) is sleeved on the inner side of the bottom end of the throat pipe (3), so that a small-size pore canal of the throat pipe (3) is communicated with a large-size pore canal formed in the center of the nozzle (4);
the pressing cap (5) is sleeved and fixed on the inner wall of the main body (2), and the pressing cap (5) is arranged below the overflow hole (10); a third eccentric through hole (501) is formed in the top surface of the pressing cap (5) downwards along the axial direction, and the central axes of the third eccentric through hole (501) and the second eccentric through hole (202) are coincident, so that the bottom end of the spray head (4) is sleeved and fixed on the inner side of the top end of the third eccentric through hole (501), and a large-size pore channel of the spray head (4) is communicated with the third eccentric through hole (501).
2. The upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device according to claim 1, further comprising an upper joint (1), a connecting cylinder (9) and a lower joint (6); the upper joint (1), the main body (2), the connecting cylinder (9) and the lower joint (6) are sequentially connected in a threaded mode.
3. The upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the communication part of the second eccentric through hole (202) and the throat pipe (3) is gradually shrunk and processed into a cone shape, and the inner diameter of the end part of the cone bottom end is consistent with the inner diameter of a small-size pore canal of the throat pipe (3).
4. The upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the upper side of the large-size pore canal arranged in the center of the spray head (4) gradually contracts into a cone shape from bottom to top, and the inner diameter of the end part of the conical top is consistent with the inner diameter of the small-size pore canal of the throat pipe (3).
5. The upper low-pressure sub-extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that a seal is formed between the valve seat (8) and the inner wall of the first eccentric through hole (201); the inner wall of the bottom end of the second eccentric through hole (202) and the outer wall of the top end of the throat pipe (3) form a seal; the inner wall of the bottom end of the throat pipe (3) and the outer wall of the top end of the spray head (4) form a seal; a seal is formed between the outer wall of the bottom end of the nozzle (4) and the inner wall of the third eccentric through hole 501; the top end outer wall and the bottom end outer wall of the press cap (5) are respectively sealed with the inner wall of the main body (2).
6. The upper low-pressure sub-extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper joint (1) is in sealing connection with the main body (2); the lower joint (6) is in sealing connection with the connecting cylinder (9).
CN201710495033.1A 2017-06-26 2017-06-26 Upper low-pressure negative pressure separate mining device Active CN107420075B (en)

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CN111502614B (en) * 2020-05-06 2022-09-06 长江大学 Oil production pipe suitable for multi-oil layer combined production

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