CN1074167A - Three exempt from the manufacturing of four energy-saving building blocks - Google Patents
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- CN1074167A CN1074167A CN 91109677 CN91109677A CN1074167A CN 1074167 A CN1074167 A CN 1074167A CN 91109677 CN91109677 CN 91109677 CN 91109677 A CN91109677 A CN 91109677A CN 1074167 A CN1074167 A CN 1074167A
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Abstract
Three exempt from the manufacturing of four energy-saving building blocks (three exempt to embroider face multifunctional and energy-saving loam brick), are to transfer the one dimension vibratory compaction molding, replacement klining, saving energy consumption, the environment of preserving our planet with three; Cooperate interlocking mechanism with high-strength convex-concave tenon, replace grouting, save transportation and construction energy consumption; Use embroidery mix color, remove plaster from and wipe one's face, save the wall construction energy consumption.The poor soil of " three transfer brick machine " available deserted mountain, wasteland, barren beach extrudes the thin-walled hollow building block, saves and uses energy consumption 50～60%; The size modularization of building block can be implemented the folded fast sign indicating number construction of assembling.It is the new production process of novel energy-conserving residential building material.
Description
Qin brick and Han tile becomes with klining, and because of the physical chemistry of clay and sound equipment hot merit and engineering moulding are better than other materials, the price that fetches earth on the spot is minimum, and the rural area can put up a kiln everywhere and bake bricks, and does not wane in several thousand so continue to use, and the kiln brick still accounts for leading and critical role at home and abroad; But its consumption coal is big, and contaminated environment takies the farmland, causes the soil erosion and the infringement ecological homeostasis, is badly in need of innovation.
Three exempt from the manufacturing of four energy-saving building blocks (claim again: three exempt to embroider face multifunctional and energy-saving loam brick), and its corresponding energy consumption (gram coal/piece) is:
Produce (compacting) transportation construction (folded sign indicating number) and use consumption always
83 7 5 62 157
Can reduce CO every year than kiln brick (608 gram coal/piece)
2Discharge capacity 3.2 * 10
11m
3, can alleviate and improve temperature of the earth and warm.
Three characteristics of exempting from four energy-saving building blocks manufacturings are: the vibratory compaction of high frequency one dimension replaces klining, saves production coal consumption 67～131 gram/pieces; High-strength tenon interlocking replaces grouting, and the embroidery face is that external surface is embroidered to be carved with and closed decorative pattern, pattern, joint and allotment shades of colour and replace grouting and wiping one's face, and saves and builds coal consumption 286～357 gram/pieces; Coal consumption 95～134 gram/pieces/year is used in the thin-walled hollow saving; 447～571 gram/pieces are saved in total consumption of coal.
The Europe brick and tile are made association (TBE) data, though the plastic forming sintering go out the thin-walled hollow insulation higher as loam bricks (building block) such as French G type, energy consumption height, grout spillage, the expense of wiping one's face slurry (many 25%) damages one jiao, scraps one (corresponding several kiln bricks); Therefore, began to suppress structural clay tile before 80 years, remove the kiln brick with keen determination from, generally turn axial pressure machine or hydraulic press with off-centre, about 100 tons of static pressure was pressed one in 8 seconds.Key problem in technology is that clay includes 1/3 the air of having an appointment, and when high pressure pressed down fast, free gas was compressed in the idiosome, and the bounce of air compression can the stuck mould of mold damage, presses unreal not moulding of the demoulding.Only can suppress thick solid non-burning brick of 60mm afterwards, this technology had been quoted in preceding Guangdong Fo Gang, Shantou in seven, eight years, and off-centre turns the axial pressure machine, 80 tons of static pressure, compacting solid non-burning brick 240 * 115 * 53, unit weight 2 gram/cm
3, pressure 70kgf/cm
2, its performance reaches above kiln brick standard through the test of Guangzhou Building Material House.Because heavier, take up on the other hand and grout difficultly, size there is not modularization, and cut seven parted hairs, bat, two cun bars, two crew cut, cut angle, wedge shape etc. and do not reach dimensional requirement, two smooth surfaces, the hanging difficulty can not replace kiln brick and concrete block.
According to patent retrieval, the seventies Portuguese Sang Tuosi, invention cement four-face linkage quick building brick, Guangdong west Qiao Shan are introduced runoff yield waterline in this in all one's life, because cement is the well sold and in short supply material of high energy consumption, heat-proof quality (0.8 kilocalorie/more than the Mi Shidu) and can not show a candle to clay, also want plaster to wipe one's face, not modularization of size, piece is heavy bigger, construction inconvenience is dangerous, Hong Kong, Macao also need not, now close down.
State's structural clay tile production lines such as Italy, West Germany, Poland are introduced in the China's Mainland, 900 ℃ of klining (1100 ℃ of glazes) behind the static pressure plastic forming, energy consumption and cost are all high, and size there is not modularization, grout the more expense slurry of wiping one's face, so two fail to replace kiln brick and concrete block during the last ten years.
China once suppressed structural clay tile with method for oscillating in Taiwan, owing to use the common mechanical method for oscillating, mechanical wear is serious, and seismic inertia makes the inaccessible demarcation size of brick and stops.The Taiwan patent also has connection button brick and the unburned solid brick maker of clay etc., but does not all have enforcement.
" three transfer brick machine " of the present invention with " three exempt from four energy-saving building blocks " that the one dimension vibrotechnique suppresses, the sample technical condition are as follows:
Fig. 1 is the present invention it " three transfer brick machine ", and partly (left portion of Fig. 1) and hydraulic drive part (the right of Fig. 1 partly) are formed by machine driving for it.Fig. 2～10 are the present invention's it " three exempt from four energy-saving building blocks ", and it is made up of modular unit, modularization coordination building block, extraordinary building block.
One, hydraulic drive partly: the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank 1 is through coarse filter 2, drive by plunger variable pump 4(motor 5, frequency modulator 10 frequency modulation) pump into pressure piping, after overflow valve 6 is set up operating pressure, enter fine filter 9, by one way valve 11, enter alternate hydraulic pulse valve with multiphase and multipath 12, pulse valve is a rotary valve, and spool whenever rotates a circle, promptly carry 4 sub-high pressure stream of pulses, make the piston rod of punching press oil cylinder 21 make the one dimension dither to punching press oil cylinder 21.Direct current hydraulic pressure and AC hydraulic are to start simultaneously among Fig. 1, the oil of fuel tank 1 is through coarse filter 2, pump into pipeline by high-pressure plunger variable pump 4, through overflow valve 6, direction valve 7, flow valve 8, fine filter 9, mistake one way valve 11, enter punching press oil cylinder 21 tops, direct current hydraulic pressure makes the downward punching press of piston rod, AC hydraulic makes piston rod make the one dimension dither simultaneously, one dimension vibratory compaction is carried out in the The combined work done, extrudes " three exempt from four energy-saving building blocks ".
The vibration of high frequency one dimension is overflowed the air in the stock mould medium clay soil rapidly, and the gap of mould core and pore are not blocked the exhaust of unblocked ground; The vibration of high frequency one dimension all is closely aligned most each grogs by minimum center of gravity, make compacted density reach maximum; The smooth moulding of the demoulding is accurate.
The frequency of pulse valve is 4 times of the frequencies that drive spool motor 5, and the secondary micro machine is 50Hz, and it is 0～200Hz that pulse valve is regulated tuning range by frequency modulator.As motor 5 for the micro machine of 80Hz then tuning range be 0～320Hz.
The amplitude b that stream of pulses produces, establishing oil cylinder 21 descending effective areas is A, pulse flow is q, then: ∵ Ab=q ∴ b=q/A
A is a constant, and the amplitude b variation that is directly proportional with pulse flow q is regulated flow and just can be regulated amplitude.
Three transfer the one dimension vibration to also have following feature: to the sand content difference, the particle diameter coupling is different, and soil property and viscosity thereof are different, the various clays that water content is different, and preferably its optimum vibration frequency, amplitude and vibration force reach energy-efficient; Three transfer at frequency width of cloth power that limits and starting of oscillation failure of oscillation in the time limit, avoid resonance with by resonance, avoid mechanical wear and foundation failure; Failure of oscillation does not produce inertia, accurately the location.
Two, mechanical driving part: punching press oil cylinder 21 is installed on the independent rack 22, carries out one dimension vibratory compaction when the bed die 16 in 20 pairs of quasi-mode caskets 18 of the backform on its piston rod.
Bed die 16 with roll roller 15 and link and be placed on lifting arc road 14 end faces, roll along its end face, so bed die 16 lifting with the arc road mould casket 18 in, arc road 14 just is by charging, punching press, the demoulding, unloads embryo (19) and set.The arc road is to be fixed on the pedestal, is furnished with rolling bearing 23 and thrust bearing 24 on pedestal 13 central axiss, guarantees that moulding box horizontally rotates, and makes bed die 16 finish charging, punching press, the demoulding successively in mould casket 18, unloads each operation of embryo.
Single cylinder or twin-tub " three transfer brick machine " are light, the removable soil of getting deserted mountain, wasteland, barren beach on the spot, and this is the requirement of Guangdong Province Environmental Protection Agency prompting.
Three, three exempt from four energy-saving building blocks: Fig. 2,3 for the interior wall modular unit, Fig. 4,5 is exterior wall modular unit (interior exterior wall building block is that width B is different with the line number of vertical hollow hole); Fig. 6 is modularization pipeline building block (being communicated with hollow peace pipeline); Fig. 7,8,9 is modularization coordination building block; Figure 10 is extraordinary building block (a post brick).Illustrate as follows:
Three exempt from four energy-saving building blocks three kinds of interlocking mechanisms: the linear pattern tenon is b g and section I, II as shown; Square type tenon is c h as shown; Garden type tenon is φ g and φ as shown
bAll with its convex-concave matching mechanism, four contact surfaces of building block are closely interlocked, its intensity is 50# mortar (3kgf/cm
2) 8～13 times, the height of convex-concave matching mechanism is not less than 10mm, has shockproof, waterproof, heat insulation function.The spill mating groove of straight line and square type tenon b g, c h can be installed door and window.Interlocking mechanism is convenient to compacting, folded sign indicating number, assembling.Linear pattern and square type tenon lockable one word, T-shaped, cross, right angle wall and make the door and window hole; Garden type tenon lockable one word, T-shaped, cross, right angle, garden shape, curved wall and make arch.
Kiln brick coefficient of thermal conductivity is generally 0.65 kilocalorie/Mi Shidu, and air is 0.02 kilocalorie/Mi Shidu, so greatly then the heat-insulating and energy-saving effect is higher, unit weight is littler, better shockproof for hollow rate.Three thin-walled hollows of exempting from four energy-saving building blocks are by 0.3～0.2 kilocalorie/Mi Shidu design, and air-conditioning heating is than the corresponding energy efficient 50～60% of kiln brick, and unit weight can be at 0.9～0.6 gram/cm
3Increase hollow rate then the wall of a, the b among the figure, c, d, e to approach, thin-walled can be less than 10mm.Parapet is done the earthquake maintenance screen with bolt or the certain hollow hole of steel concrete grappling under the window, and the anchor ingot also can be used to lock enclosure wall and fence.Hollow hole f * f
1Be long rectangular opening, width (f
1) about 20mm, reduce hollow inner air convection and heat radiation; Dislocation row row makes thin-walled heat transfer length increase (shown in MM line among Fig. 6), strengthens insulation.
Three to exempt from the embroidery face of four energy-saving building blocks many with being that external surface will be embroidered quarter and suppress various decorative patterns, figure or joint, to satisfy the requirement of life and art of building, satisfy sound insulation, noise control, anti-skidding, waterproof, anti-ly blend anti-aging requirement, do load-bearing pillar of facing, ground, road surface, roof, frame construction or the like.Figure 10 is the post brick, φ
aFor hollow, φ
bBe garden type tenon, φ
cBe hole, embedded reinforcement concrete garden, i is reinforcing bar or steel loop, makes pressure reach 400kgf/cm under the high-frequency and high-voltage
2Or more than, can save concrete 3/4～4/5 like this, do not need template not need 28 days freezing periods of concrete, but continuous quick construction.Other special-quality bricks are according to the design compacting.
Three exempt from the modularization of four energy-saving building blocks, its length L and the necessary modularization of height (thick) H, and its width B then is to satisfy energy-conservation requirement.Now modularization and the modular coordination method thereof that the mixed dwelling house three of brick is exempted from four energy-saving building blocks illustrated, and other can the rest may be inferred.
Basic module (Basic module) numerical value most countries and area that brick mixes dwelling house are 100mm, and its symbol is M, and promptly 1M equals 100mm.Expansion modulus (Multi-module) radix of the horizontal standard width of a room in an old-style house of dwelling house and depth is n
1M; N as the continent
1=3, then corresponding size is 300mm, and its corresponding amplitude is by 3M to 51M, various countries' difference.The radix that vertical floor height enlarges modulus is n
2M; The n in continent
2=1, corresponding size is 100mm, and its amplitude is by 1M to 28M, various countries' difference.Division is as back:
(1), three exempt from four energy-saving modular building blocks:
(a), horizontal length L meets following formula:
L＝n
3·n
1M……（1）
In the formula: n
3Be positive integer; n
1M is the same.
Work as n
1When M equals 300mm, (1) formula L=n
3300mm.
(b), vertical height H meets following formula:
H＝n
4·n
2M……（2）
In the formula: n
4Be positive integer; n
2M is the same.
Work as n
2When M equals 100mm, (2) formula L=n
4100mm.
Comprehensive selected n
3, n
4Equilibrium conditions:
1. by 0.3～0.2 kilocalorie/Mi Shidu design a, b, c, d, e wall thickness and f * f
1Deng hollow hole and its layout; 2. unit weight is by 0.9～0.6 gram/cm
3, pressure is by 70～400kgf/cm
2; 3. piece is heavily by manual folded sign indicating number.
(c), width B should meet following formula:
B＝（λ/0.65）×K＝1.538λK…（3）
λ in the formula/0.65 is three to exempt from the ratio of four energy-saving building blocks and kiln brick coefficient of thermal conductivity; λ is 0.3～0.2; The different regions of exterior wall in the k value is respectively (severe cold, cold, gentleness, the hot differentiation) the best insulation of kiln brick wall width experience width.
The equilibrium conditions of comprehensive selected B:
1. select the interior exterior wall optimum width K value of kiln brick wall; 2. hollow hole f * f
1The vertical line number of long rectangular opening is selected; 3. bg, ch tenon interlocking mechanism are cut thrust greater than 1.1 tons; 4. be convenient to compacting.
(2), building block is coordinated in modularization.
(a), bat (Fig. 7).B, H are with the modularization brick, and length meets following formula:
L
1＝1/2L;1M;2M;1/2M;1/5M…（4）
(b), coordinate brick (Fig. 8,9).Have six kinds of shaped bricks; Two ends is respectively biconvex and concave-concave two classes, go up in every class bottom surface have again epirelief recessed with three kinds of biconvex concave-concaves, totally six kinds of two classes are to coordinate chain, door and window hole, non-modulated dimension.The same modular unit of B, H, all values of length L meet following formula:
L
2＝（3/2）×L;L。
(3), special-quality brick
(a), the post brick, horizontal dimension should meet following formula:
φ
D、L
3、L
4＝n
5·n
1M……（5）
In the formula: n
5Be positive integer, n
1M is the same.
Vertical thickness H meets following formula:
H＝n·n
2M……（6）
In the formula: n is a positive integer; n
2M is the same.n
2=1 o'clock;
H＝nM……（7）
The equilibrium conditions of comprehensive selected L, ∮, H: the designing requirement of 1. pressing the framework load-bearing pillar; 2. remove folded weight by both hands.
(b), other special-quality bricks: by designing requirement.
Claims (8)
1, three manufacturings of exempting from four energy-saving building blocks include: a kind of three heighten the press of one dimension vibration frequently, and it has again: a pedestal has fixedly lifting Gu Dao on it; Four bed dies, it stretches in the mould casket, and its bottom is rolled roller and is placed on the lonely road end face and can rolls; Four mould caskets around the rotation of pedestal center, drive bed die and finish charging, punching press, the demoulding successively on lifting Gu Dao, unload each operation of embryo; One support, it is being installed on the pedestal of many columns; One punching press oil cylinder, rack-mount; One backform is installed on the piston rod of punching press oil cylinder; When the backform aligning installs the bed die of raw material, implement one dimension vibratory compaction.A kind of direct current hydraulic system drives backform and carries out punching press.A kind of ac hydraulic system, it has an alternate hydraulic pulse valve with multiphase and multipath, drives the vibration of backform one dimension.The alternating current-direct current combined work done carries out one dimension vibratory compaction, suppresses a kind of three and exempts from four energy-saving building blocks, and its feature is: the high-strength convex-concave tenon interlocking mechanism of four contact surfaces; The thin-walled hollow light structures; Two external surface embroidery mix colors; The size modularization; The construction assemblingization.
2, heighten one dimension vibratory compaction frequently as 1 described three of claim the, its frequency modulation is 0～320Hz; Its amplitude modulation is 0～10mm; Its accent power is 210～320kgf/cm
2; The backform of one dimension vibration and the gap between the mould mould stamen remain constant; The raw material powder can not enter the gap; Feed particles keeps minimum center of gravity and arranges the most closely in bed die; Three tunings are selected the frequency width of cloth power of the best compacting of raw material, avoid the resonance of press and pass through resonance; Starting of oscillation failure of oscillation in the time limit that limits; Failure of oscillation does not produce inertia.
3, as 1 described alternate hydraulic pulse valve with multiphase and multipath of claim the, a kind of rotary valve; The valve stamen whenever rotates a circle, and promptly produces the high-tension pulse swash of wave work done of four alternations; The micro machine of driver's valve stamen is 50HZ, and then the AC hydraulic frequency is 200HZ; Motor is 80HZ, and a-c cycle is 320HZ.
4, as 1 described high-strength interlocking mechanism of claim the, the tenon that has three kinds of convex-concaves to cooperate on a kind of four contact surfaces of modular unit respectively; Linear pattern, square type and round three kinds of interlocking mechanisms; But four contact surface reciprocal interlockings become a word, T-shaped, cross, right angle, circle, the various bodies of wall of camber and make arch; Groove is installed the door and window hole; Shear stress 〉=the 10kgf/cm of interlocking
2
5, as 1 described thin-walled hollow light structures of claim the, the sidewall thickness of hollow hole is less than 10mm, the long rectangular hole symmetrical arrangement that misplaces; The coefficient of thermal conductivity of light structures limits less than 0.3 kilocalorie/Mi Shidu; Unit weight limits 0.9-0.6 gram/cm
3; Hollow hole can be installed pipeline and use the steel concrete grappling.
6, as 1 described two external surface embroidery mix color of claim the, a kind of two external surfaces are embroidered and are carved or compacting decorative pattern, figure, joint and the person of mixing colours.
7, as 1 described size modularization of claim the:
(a) size of long (L) wide (B) of interior exterior wall building block high (H):
L＝n
3·n
1M B＝（λ/0.65）·K H＝n
4·n
2M
Wherein: λ≤0.3, K is the optimum width of the inside and outside kiln brick wall body of severe cold, cold, gentleness, hot area.
(b) length is coordinated the size of building block;
B, H are with (a); L
1=1/2L; 3M(n
3Used in＞2 o'clock)
(c) size of hight coordinate building block:
B, L are with (a); H
1=M; (n
4Used in＞2 o'clock)
(d) door and window is coordinated:
B, H are with (a); L
2=3/2L; L
(e) Multi-purpose building block:
Cylinder: φ
D=n
5N
1M; H=nn
2M
Square column: L
3=n
5N
1M; H=nn
2M.(other are by design).
8, as 1 described construction assemblingization of claim the, a kind of folded fast sign indicating number body of wall person.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91109677 CN1074167A (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Three exempt from the manufacturing of four energy-saving building blocks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91109677 CN1074167A (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Three exempt from the manufacturing of four energy-saving building blocks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1074167A true CN1074167A (en) | 1993-07-14 |
Family
ID=4909923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91109677 Pending CN1074167A (en) | 1991-10-11 | 1991-10-11 | Three exempt from the manufacturing of four energy-saving building blocks |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1074167A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100371107C (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2008-02-27 | 西安重型机械研究所 | Vibrating device hydraulic system |
-
1991
- 1991-10-11 CN CN 91109677 patent/CN1074167A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100371107C (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2008-02-27 | 西安重型机械研究所 | Vibrating device hydraulic system |
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| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
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