CN107412876A - Degradable implant, its 3D manufacturing equipment and 3D printing method - Google Patents
Degradable implant, its 3D manufacturing equipment and 3D printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107412876A CN107412876A CN201710579024.0A CN201710579024A CN107412876A CN 107412876 A CN107412876 A CN 107412876A CN 201710579024 A CN201710579024 A CN 201710579024A CN 107412876 A CN107412876 A CN 107412876A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/04—Metals or alloys
- A61L27/042—Iron or iron alloys
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/04—Metals or alloys
- A61L27/047—Other specific metals or alloys not covered by A61L27/042 - A61L27/045 or A61L27/06
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/28—Materials for coating prostheses
- A61L27/34—Macromolecular materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/54—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/41—Anti-inflammatory agents, e.g. NSAIDs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/06—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for cartilage reconstruction, e.g. meniscus
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- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of degradable implant, its 3D manufacturing equipment and 3D printing method.The implant is made up of degradable composite material, the overall structure of the implant according to the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed, successively accumulated and form by basic structural unit i.e. composite wire." coaxial-type extrudes low temperature shower nozzle, and " and watery fusion deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing equipment making that the part such as matching used three-dimensional motion mechanism and control system forms forms the implant by a kind of.Degradable metal wire rod and high polymer material are inputted respectively " coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle " aluminium heating pedestal, high polymer material is among aluminium heating pedestal and is heated to melting less than the temperature of degradable metal fusing point, degradable metal wire surface is coated among nozzle, composite wire is extruded into by nozzle again, redeposition is molded a kind of human implantable or the medicine equipment of animal or the implant of insoluble drug release, meets the needs of medical field.
Description
Technical field
A kind of degradable implant, watery fusion deposition modeling 3D printing equipment and low-temperature metal 3D printing process,
More particularly to a kind of human implantable or the medicine equipment or drug release device of animal, available for bone, cartilage and soft tissue
Substitute, fill, repairing or be fixed.The watery fusion for further relating to manufacture the degradable metal/polymer composite implant sinks
Product shaping 3D printing equipment, and its apply to the low temperature 3D printing method of degradable metal successively accumulation molding.
Background technology
Biodegradable metals are the medical metal materials of new generation using magnesium, iron, zinc and its alloy as representative, this kind of new
Medical metal material make use of magnesium, iron and zinc degradable in human body environment compared with traditional biologically inert metal material
Characteristic, repair function of the metal implant in human body is realized with controlled manner, and the clinical mesh finally to disappear of gradually degrading
's.Because the degradable metals such as magnesium, iron, zinc and its chemicals are the important elements of human body, with good biocompatibility, solely
Special degradation function and excellent mechanical property, thus there is extremely wide prospect in medical application is received.
In order to which preferably by degradable metal materials application, in medical domain, 3D printing technique is introduced into be had to process
The personalization of complex characteristic or porous implant.Selective laser sintering technology be used for metal 3D printing it is most basic with it is widest
Technique.However, there is many difficult points in selective laser sintering technique for the degradable metal such as magnesium, zinc.For example, the change of magnesium metal
It is extremely active to learn property, magnesium powder easily aoxidizes, exploded in atmosphere, dangerous very big；And the melting point metal is 648 degree, boiling point
For 1107 degree, during laser sintered, physicochemical change easily occurs, produces a large amount of smog, porosity height, so as to be difficult into
Shape.And metallic zinc fusing point is 420 degree, boiling point is 907 degree, the problems such as easily gasification is smoldered, porosity is high is equally existed.It is although existing
Application No. 201410363005.0 describes the related magnesium-based for 3D printing to 201410134451.4 patent in technology
The composition and manufacture method of metal-powder, but and not yet explicitly solve above-mentioned problem.
In a word, traditional 3D printing device and method need to be cooled and shaped again after METAL HEATING PROCESS to fusing point is melted, and melt
Melt the process of metal cooling and solidifying equivalent to the casting process in conventional metallurgical technology, it is known that the metal material for pouring as cast condition is brilliant
Grain is thick, poor toughness, low intensity, corrosion-resistant, gold of the performance well below the processing state such as forging, rolling, extruding or drawing
Belong to material.Particularly inherently there is the problem of degradation speed is too fast in degradable magnesium and alloy, traditional 3D printing equipment printing
Magnesium alloy is than processing state magnesium alloy coarse grains, component segregation is serious, degrading accelerates, it is difficult to for clinic.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of low temperature 3D printing device and method without high temperature melting metal, to realize print procedure not
Change the effect of the original small grains of degradable metal silk material, oxidizable, the volatilization that solution high-temperature metal prints are smoldered, hole
The problems such as rate height, chemical property change, pollution, coarse grains, element segregation, poor toughness, low intensity, corrosion-resistant.
The content of the invention
The problem of being difficult to prepare the implant containing degradable metal of high quality for existing 3D printing forming technique, the present invention
A kind of degradable implant is provided, the implant basic structural unit is a kind of composite wire, and the composite wire is by degradable
Metal wire rod Inner cores and the degradable high polymer material composition for being wrapped in degradable metal wire rod outer surface, the three-dimensional of the implant
Structure forms according to the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed, by the i.e. composite wire layer of basic structural unit.
Preferably, degradable metal wire rod is in magnesium metal, magnesium alloy, metallic zinc, kirsite, metallic iron and ferroalloy
One or more, the degradable high polymer material are that PLA (PLA), PLLA (PLLA), poly lactic-co-glycolic acid are common
Polymers (PLGA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), PCL (PCL), PPDO (PPDO), poly- hydroxy acrylic acid
Ester (PACA), condensing model, poly phosphazene, polymer-amino-acid, poly- B- butyric esters and hydroxypentanoic acid fat and its copolymer etc.
In one or more, degradable high polymer material can be mixed into a certain proportion of one or more medicines.
The present invention additionally provides a kind of manufacture method of degradable implant：A degradable metal wire rod is taken, takes one kind can
Degraded macromolecular material, it is loaded into the FDM printers with a kind of coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle, by degradable macromolecule material
Material is heated to after the temperature melting less than degradable metal fusing point, is inputted to degradable metal wire surface, extrusion molding system
Make the basic structural unit i.e. composite wire of implant, the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed is input to the FDM printers
In, you can driving three-dimensional motion mechanism and the controlled motion for driving coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle, coaxial-type is extruded into low-temp. spraying
The composite wire successively accumulation molding of head extrusion, bonding force is provided by the degradable high polymer material of heating and melting, realization can drop
Solve the integrally-built controllable precise 3D printing shaping of metal/high-molecular composite material implant.
The present invention provides a kind of to manufacture the 3D printing equipment of degradable implant again, and the FDM 3D printing equipment includes
One coaxial-type extrudes low temperature shower nozzle, and it includes：
One aluminium heating pedestal, be internally provided with a delivery outlet, a metal wire rod input hole communicated with the delivery outlet, one with
The high polymer material input hole that the metal wire rod input hole communicates；
One nozzle, is the delivery outlet for being connected to aluminium heating pedestal, nozzle interior be provided with one through two-phase opposite end and with gold
The chamber that category wire rod input hole communicates, the one end of the chamber of nozzle away from aluminium heating pedestal is set to an outlet；
One Concentric capillary tubing, the Concentric capillary tubing are the metal wire rods that aluminium heating pedestal is fixed in a manner of gap coordinates
Input hole, and extend among chamber, the perisporium and outlet of Concentric capillary tubing and chamber keep a spacing；
One heating element heater, it is neighbouring high polymer material input hole.
This hair separately provides a kind of 3D printing method for the equipment for manufacturing degradable implant, it is characterised in that：
Step 1, threedimensional model is divided into a center of maximum entity in software and multiple protrudes from maximum solid
The connection entity of periphery, the cylinder of design clamping is physically added in the connection that wherein two are oppositely arranged, afterwards by the maximum
Entity and each connection entity split carry out slicing treatment respectively, import data in FDM printers；
Step 2, using the equipment of the degradable implant of manufacture, the degradable composite material of manufactured output is beaten
Print center of maximum entity：The data handled according to Slice Software, are sequentially depositing each layer of degradable composite material along the Z direction
Layer, complete the printing of center of maximum entity；
Step 3, center of maximum entity is removed, wherein two opposite faces of center of maximum entity are clamped using fixture, are revolved successively
Turn center of maximum entity, to print corresponding connection entity and designed two relative cylinders, printing side in solid object surface
Method is identical with the method described in step 2；
Step 4, printed entity is removed, two relatively prominent cylinders are clamped using fixture, be rotated up to center reality
Body, to print corresponding connection entity in its surface, Method of printing is identical with described in step 2；
Step 5, cylinder is removed, complete model printing.
After implementing above-mentioned technological means, specific benefit is obtained by the present invention：
1st, the present invention is by by degradable metal Wire wrap to medical degradable high polymer material, and with degradable height
Molecular material is extruded and deposited together, bonding force is provided by the degradable high polymer material of heating and melting, by degradable metal line
Material is directly used in 3D printing under relatively low temperature conditionss, realizes the 3D printing manufacture of degradable implant.
2nd, degradable metal wire rod just has been subjected to drawing working process before 3D printing, possesses the crystal grain knot of fine uniform
Structure, good toughness, intensity are high, degraded is uniformly slow.Due to realizing that 3D printing shapes under relatively low temperature conditionss, high temperature is avoided
Print to degradable metal material strips come oxidation, volatilization smolder, porosity height, chemical property change, pollution, coarse grains,
Element segregation, poor toughness, low intensity, corrosion-resistant problem, maintain the original excellent mechanical property of degradable metal wire rod,
Chemical stability, degradation property and biological safety.
3rd, it ensure that degradable metal wire rod is wrapped to degradable high polymer material center in the form of coaxial nozzle,
Without exposing to surface.
4th, degradable metal Wire wrap can effectively reduce degradable metal material in medical degradable high polymer material
Degradation speed in human body, so as to keep mechanical property of the implant in human body.
5th, degradable high polymer material can be mixed into a certain proportion of one or more medicines, realize the controllable sustained-release of medicine.
6th, supported using split type melting extrusion shaping without printing, realize being printed as continuous degradable metal wire rod
Shape, printing precision is improved, avoid the problem of later stage removal supports.
7th, by the low temperature 3D printing equipment and technique of the invention, the chemical composition of degradable metal and high polymer material,
Physical property, ratio and three-dimensional structure are all regulatable, prepare the implantation of degradable metal/polymer composite
Thing, can be as a kind of human implantable or the medicine equipment or drug release device of animal, for bone, cartilage and soft tissue etc. no
With replacement, filling, reparation or the fixation of tissue.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the basic structural unit for the degradable implant that the present invention is used for FDM techniques is the manufacture stream of composite wire
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 2 is to extrude low temperature shower nozzle overall structure figure for manufacturing the coaxial-type of composite wire；
Fig. 3 is to extrude low temperature shower nozzle entirety profile for manufacturing the coaxial-type of composite wire；
Fig. 4 is used for the part sectioned view for the coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle for manufacturing composite wire；
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of the degradable composite wire of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that split type melting extrusion 3D printing shapes partitioning model；
Fig. 7 is the split type schematic diagram of melting extrusion 3D printing forming step two；
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are the split type schematic diagram of melting extrusion 3D printing forming step three；
Figure 10 is the split type schematic diagram of melting extrusion 3D printing forming step four.
Embodiment
Coordinate accompanying drawing and the preferred embodiments of the present invention below, the present invention is expanded on further to reach predetermined goal of the invention institute
The technological means taken.
Watery fusion deposition modeling 3D printing equipment provided by the present invention and low-temperature metal 3D printing process can be real
The 3D printing shaping of existing degradable implant.It please join shown in Fig. 1, the manufacture method of the degradable implant is to take a degradable gold
Belong to wire rod, take a kind of degradable high polymer material, be loaded among the coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle 100 of FDM printers, will
Degradable high polymer material is heated to after the temperature melting less than degradable metal fusing point, is inputted to degradable metal wire rod table
Face, the basic structural unit that extrusion molding makes implant is composite wire, and the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed is inputted
Into the FDM printers, you can driving three-dimensional motion mechanism and the controlled motion for driving coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle 100, will
Degradable metal/macromolecule composite wire successively accumulation molding of shower nozzle extrusion, realizes degradable metal/polymer composite
The integrally-built controllable precise 3D printing shaping of implant.Degradable metal is magnesium metal, magnesium alloy, metallic zinc, kirsite, gold
Belong to the one or more in iron and ferroalloy, the degradable high polymer material be PLA (PLA), PLLA (PLLA),
Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), PCL (PCL), PPDO
(PPDO), poly- hydroxy acrylate (PACA), condensing model, poly phosphazene, polymer-amino-acid, poly- B- butyric esters and hydroxyl
One or more in valeric acid fat and its copolymer etc., degradable high polymer material can be mixed into a certain proportion of one or more medicines
Thing.Such as antiphlogistic or other drugs.
Degradable high polymer material can be that medical PLA, medical polycaprolactone or medical poly lactic-co-glycolic acid are total to
One kind in polymers；Degradable metal is one kind in magnesium metal or zinc.A width of 0.1~the 0.4mm of composite wire extrusion line, thickness
For 0.08~0.35mm, the ratio between cross section of composite wire is 24.53%~50.46% after metal wire rod and deposition, recombination line
Material parallel to the tensile strength in metal wire rod direction is 93~147MPa, fracture elongation is 8.47%~67.46%.
Refer to shown in Fig. 2 to 4, the present invention designs a equipment-coaxial-type for being exclusively used in being molded foregoing composite wire and squeezed
Go out low temperature shower nozzle 100, it includes an aluminium heating pedestal 3, a heating element heater 2, a temperature sensor 10, a nozzle 1, a radiating tube
7th, a trunnion 8, a sealed connecting component 4, a Concentric capillary tubing 9.Wherein, the inside of aluminium heating pedestal 3 be provided with a delivery outlet 31, one with
The metal wire rod input hole 32, one that the delivery outlet 31 communicates is communicated with the delivery outlet 31 and communicated with metal wire rod input hole 32
High polymer material input hole 33, the preferable delivery outlet 31 with metal wire rod input hole 32 in line, and high polymer material
Input hole 33 has angle with the straight line being linked to be, and high polymer material input hole 33 is to be communicated in the delivery outlet 31 and metal
The junction of wire rod input hole 32.
The nozzle 1 is threadingly attached to the delivery outlet 31 of aluminium heating pedestal 3, and two-phase is run through in the inside of nozzle 1 provided with one
The chamber 11 of opposite end, understand as shown in Figure 4, nozzle 1 has a wire rod output end 12, and the chamber 11 is located at wire rod output end 12
Into the outlet 110 for collecting shape.The trunnion 8 has both ends, and wherein one end is threadingly attached to the macromolecule of aluminium heating pedestal 3
Material input hole 33, the other end protrude from aluminium heating pedestal 3 and are connected by screw thread with hollow radiating tube 7.The sealing
Connector 4 is to be attached to by screw thread in the metal wire rod input hole 32 of aluminium heating pedestal 3, and the sealed connecting component 4 adds away from aluminium
The described Concentric capillary tubing 9 of the end of hot radical seat 3 installation；One end of the Concentric capillary tubing 9 has a radially projecting block edge, utilizes
For the block edge block in the outer surface of sealed connecting component 4, Concentric capillary tubing 9 is then to be matched somebody with somebody by the centre bore of sealed connecting component 4 with gap
The mode of conjunction is fixed on the metal wire rod input hole 32 of aluminium heating pedestal 3, and extend into chamber 11, and with the chamber of nozzle 1
11 outlets 110 keep a spacing, it is preferred that Concentric capillary tubing 9 is with the outlet of chamber 11 110 at a distance of 2mm, degradable metal wire rod 5
It is fed to by the centre bore of Concentric capillary tubing 9 in chamber 11.
The heating element heater 2 is fixed on by interference fit in aluminium heating pedestal 3 and neighbouring high polymer material input hole
33, the temperature sensor 10 inserts aluminium heating pedestal 3 and neighbouring high polymer material input hole 33.Degradable high polymer material
6 are fed in the chamber 11 of nozzle 1 by the centre bore of radiating tube 7 and trunnion 8.
Embodiment one
During low-temperature metal 3D printing, the basic structural unit of implant is a kind of composite wire, by degradable metal
Wire rod Inner cores and the degradable high polymer material composition for being wrapped in degradable metal wire rod outer surface, the overall structure of the implant
According to the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed, successively accumulated and formed by basic structural unit i.e. composite wire.Degradable high score
Sub- material 6 is medical PLA, and medical PLA gauge or diameter of wire is 3mm；Degradable metal wire rod 5 is magnesium metal, magnesium metal line
The a diameter of 0.3mm of material.
The basic structural unit of degradable implant is that the extrusion of composite wire is：Made of medical poly-lactic acid material
Degradable high polymer material 6 is fed in the chamber 11 of nozzle 1 by the centre bore of radiating tube 7 and trunnion 8, magnesium metal wire rod
5 are fed in chamber 11 by the centre bore of Concentric capillary tubing 9, and temperature sensor 10 and heating element heater 2 are by aluminium heating pedestal 3
240 degree are heated to, so as to melt degradable high polymer material 6, the PLA viscosity after fusing is 2890Pa.S, so as to by chamber
Magnesium metal wire rod 5 in 11 is wrapped up compound and extruded together from the outlet 110 of nozzle 1 with magnesium metal wire rod 5, forms such as Fig. 5
Shown, inner core is that degradable metal wire rod 5, the outer layer of magnesium metal are degradable high polymer material 6 made of medical PLA
Composite wire.And during being molded, the temperature of aluminium heating pedestal 3 can be conducted by trunnion 8 to radiating tube 7, due to radiating tube 7
The heat-dissipating fin on surface distributes, and causes degradable high polymer material 6 to melt in advance in order to avoid temperature is too high.
The medical PLA wire rod and magnesium metal wire rod are that mechanism one-way pushing is fed into coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle
100, make it continue to be exported by the chamber 11 of nozzle 1 end, that is, the medical PLA melted continues in the outlet 110 of chamber 11
It is extruded after place's cladding magnesium metal.Preferably, the wire-feed motor being extruded through in 3D printing equipment of medical PLA wire rod is not (
Mark) unidirectional push realize, it is preferred that the extruded velocity of the wire-feed motor in 3D printing equipment is 5mm/s.Metal wire rod is with sinking
The ratio between cross section of composite wire is 50.46% after product, and composite wire is parallel to the tensile strength in metal wire rod direction
147MPa, fracture elongation 8.47%.
By the specific of the further successively accumulation molding of the degradable composite wire of foregoing coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle extrusion
Realize that step is as described below：
Step 1, refer to shown in Fig. 6, threedimensional model is divided into software center of maximum cuboid entity 16 and
Six entities being connected with six face A-F of the cuboid, wherein in plane A physically addition design clampings corresponding with D
Cylinder 15, this seven entities are subjected to slicing treatment respectively afterwards, imported data in FDM printers；
Step 2, as shown in fig. 7, when above-mentioned composite wire is extruded, molecular material is fusing, but wire does not melt
Change, the composite wire of extrusion can directly make 3D printing, print center of maximum cuboid entity 16 first：At Slice Software
The data of reason, the medical PLA of each layer/magnesium base composite material layer is sequentially depositing along the Z direction, it is real to complete center of maximum cuboid
Body 16 prints；
Step 3, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9, center of maximum cuboid entity 16 is removed, maximum is clamped using air-actuated jaw 14
Center cuboid entity 16 relative two planes B and E, being rotated up to center cuboid entity 16 successively makes plane A, C, D, F
Corresponding connection entity, Method of printing and the side described in step 2 are printed to horizontal plane and in this four planes respectively
Method is identical；
Step 4, as shown in Figure 10, printed entity is removed, using real corresponding to the clamping plane A of air-actuated jaw 14 and D
Cylinder 15 on body, being rotated up to center cuboid entity 16 respectively makes plane B and E to level and is beaten in the two planes
The corresponding connection entity of print, Method of printing are identical with described in step 2；
Step 5, plane A and the clamping cylinder 15 on D correspondent entities are removed, complete model printing.
In above-mentioned FDM print procedures, printing thickness is 0.35mm, a width of 0.4mm of minimum print wire.Because wire does not melt
Change, the support force of printed product on the one hand can be formed, on the other hand because degradable metal wire rod is in relatively low temperature strip
Realize that 3D printing shapes under part, avoid the metal grain that brings of high temperature printing and grow up problem, so as to maintain degradable metal
The toughness of wire rod；
Described above illustrated exemplified by act has six prominent connection entities, can also be the reality for being molded other shapes
Body, mainly by wanted 3D printing shaping splitting object into a maximum entity, it is multiple around connection entity and will
The connection of wherein two opposite faces physically designs the prominent cylinder for being available for clamping, and each difference of printing can be deposited with this concept
Shape degradable implant.
Embodiment two
During low-temperature metal 3D printing, the basic structural unit of implant is a kind of composite wire, by degradable metal
Wire rod Inner cores and the degradable high polymer material composition for being wrapped in degradable metal wire rod outer surface, the overall structure of the implant
According to the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed, successively accumulated and formed by basic structural unit i.e. composite wire.Degradable high score
Sub- material is medical polycaprolactone, the medical a diameter of 1.75mm of polycaprolactone；Degradable metal is metallic zinc, and metallic zinc wire rod is straight
Footpath is 0.05mm.Coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle is identical with embodiment one, and appearance does not repeat.
The basic structural unit of degradable implant is that the extrusion of composite wire is：Can made of medical polycaprolactone
Degraded macromolecular material 6 is fed in the chamber 11 of nozzle 1 by the centre bore of radiating tube 7 and trunnion 8, with metallic zinc wire rod
Manufactured degradable metal wire rod 5 is fed in chamber 11 by the centre bore of Concentric capillary tubing 9, and temperature sensor 10 is with adding
Aluminium heating pedestal 3 is heated to 80 degree by thermal element 2, and so as to melt degradable high polymer material 6, the PLA viscosity after fusing is
1353Pa.S, so as to by the metallic zinc wire rod 5 in chamber 11 wrap up it is compound and with metallic zinc wire rod 5 from the outlet of nozzle 1
110 extrude together, form the composite wire that inner core is metallic zinc, outer layer is medical polycaprolactone.Medical polycaprolactone wire rod 6
It is extruded through the realization of FDM wire-feed motors (not shown), speed 0.5mm/s；The cross section of metal wire rod and composite wire after deposition
The ratio between be 24.53%, composite wire parallel to the tensile strength in metal wire rod direction is 93MPa, fracture elongation is
67.46%.
By the specific of the further successively accumulation molding of the degradable composite wire of foregoing coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle extrusion
Realize that step is identical with previous embodiment one, appearance does not repeat.In its FDM print procedure, printing thickness is 0.08mm, minimum printing
Line width is 0.1mm.
Embodiment three
During low-temperature metal 3D printing, the basic structural unit of implant is a kind of composite wire, by degradable metal
Wire rod Inner cores and the degradable high polymer material composition for being wrapped in degradable metal wire rod outer surface, the overall structure of the implant
According to the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed, successively accumulated and formed by basic structural unit i.e. composite wire.Degradable high score
Sub- material is medical Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide, and medical Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide gauge or diameter of wire is 2mm；It can drop
Solution metal is metallic zinc, and metallic zinc gauge or diameter of wire is 0.2mm.To extrude the knot of the coaxial-type of composite extrusion low temperature shower nozzle
Structure and manufacture method are identical with previous embodiment one.
The basic structural unit of degradable implant is that the extrusion of composite wire is：Medical poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
Copolymer 6 is fed in the chamber 11 of nozzle 1 by the centre bore of radiating tube 7 and trunnion 8, and metallic zinc wire rod 5 is by concentric
The centre bore of capillary 9 is fed in chamber 11, and aluminium heating pedestal 3 is heated to 150 by temperature sensor 10 with heating element heater 2
Degree, so as to melt medical Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide wire rod 6, the Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide viscosity after fusing is
1854Pa.S, so as to by the metallic zinc wire rod 5 in chamber 11 wrap up it is compound and with metallic zinc wire rod 5 from the outlet one of nozzle 1
Extrusion is played, forms the composite wire that inner core is metallic zinc, outer layer is medical Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide.Medical PLA-
Co-glycolic acid wire rod 6 is extruded through the realization of FDM wire-feed motors (not shown), speed 2mm/s；Metal wire rod and deposition
Afterwards the ratio between cross section of composite wire be 41.87%, composite wire parallel to metal wire rod direction tensile strength for 122MPa,
Fracture elongation is 34.88%.
By the specific of the further successively accumulation molding of the degradable composite wire of foregoing coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle extrusion
Realize that step is identical with previous embodiment one, appearance does not repeat.In its FDM print procedure, printing thickness is 0.25mm, minimum printing
Line width is 0.3mm.
Described above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does any formal limitation to the present invention, though
So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, but is not limited to the present invention, any those skilled in the art,
In the range of not departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technology contents of the disclosure above should can be utilized to make a little change or modification
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technical spirit according to the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to above example, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (18)
- A kind of 1. degradable implant, it is characterised in that：The implant basic structural unit is a kind of composite wire, the recombination line Material is to be made up of degradable metal wire rod Inner cores with the degradable high polymer material for being wrapped in degradable metal wire rod outer surface, should The three-dimensional structure of implant according to the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed, by basic structural unit i.e. composite wire layer Form.
- 2. degradable golden implant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Basic structural unit is the width of composite wire Spend for 0.1~0.4mm, thickness is 0.08~0.35mm, the ratio between cross section of metal wire rod and composite wire for 24.53%~ 50.46%, composite wire parallel to the tensile strength in metal wire rod direction is 93~147MPa, fracture elongation be 8.47%~ 67.46%.
- 3. degradable implant according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Degradable metal wire rod is magnesium metal, magnesium One or more in alloy, metallic zinc, kirsite, metallic iron and ferroalloy, the degradable high polymer material are PLA (PLA), PLLA (PLLA), Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), PCL (PCL), PPDO (PPDO), poly- hydroxy acrylate (PACA), condensing model, poly phosphazene, polymer-amino-acid, One or more in poly- B- butyric esters and hydroxypentanoic acid fat and its copolymer etc., degradable high polymer material can be mixed into one One or more medicines of certainty ratio.
- 4. according to the degradable implant described in any of which item of claim 1,2,3, it is characterised in that：High polymer material is doctor With polycaprolactone, degradable metal wire rod is metallic zinc, and basic structural unit is metal wire rod and composite wire in composite wire The ratio between cross section be 24.53%.
- 5. according to the degradable implant described in any of which item of claim 1,2,3, it is characterised in that：High polymer material is doctor With Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide, degradable metal wire rod is metallic zinc, and basic structural unit is metal wire in composite wire The ratio between cross section of material and composite wire is 41.87%.
- 6. degradable implant according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：High polymer material is medical PLA, can Degraded metal wire rod is magnesium metal.
- 7. degradable implant according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Basic structural unit is the gold in composite wire It is 50.46% to belong to the ratio between cross section of wire rod and composite wire.
- A kind of 8. manufacture method of degradable implant, it is characterised in that：A degradable metal wire rod is taken, takes a kind of degradable height Molecular material, it is loaded into the FDM printers with a kind of coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle, degradable high polymer material is heated To the temperature melting less than degradable metal fusing point, input to degradable metal wire surface, extrusion molding and make implantation The basic structural unit of thing is composite wire, and the digital three-dimemsional model being pre-designed is input in the FDM printers, you can Driving three-dimensional motion mechanism and the controlled motion for driving coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle, coaxial-type is extruded into low temperature shower nozzle extrusion Composite wire successively accumulation molding, bonding force is provided by the degradable high polymer material of heating and melting, realizes degradable implant Integrally-built controllable precise 3D printing shaping.
- A kind of 9. 3D manufacturing equipments to the degradable implant of manufacturing claims 1 to 7, it is characterised in that the 3D systems Manufacturing apparatus includes coaxial-type extrusion low temperature shower nozzle, and it includes：One aluminium heating pedestal, be internally provided with a delivery outlet, a metal wire rod input hole communicated with the delivery outlet, one with the gold The high polymer material input hole that category wire rod input hole communicates；One nozzle, is the delivery outlet for being connected to aluminium heating pedestal, and nozzle interior runs through two-phase opposite end and and metal wire provided with one The chamber that material input hole communicates, the one end of the chamber of nozzle away from aluminium heating pedestal are set to an outlet；One Concentric capillary tubing, the Concentric capillary tubing are the metal wire rod inputs that aluminium heating pedestal is fixed in a manner of gap coordinates Hole, and extend among chamber, the perisporium and outlet of Concentric capillary tubing and chamber keep a spacing；One heating element heater, it is neighbouring high polymer material input hole.
- 10. the 3D manufacturing equipments of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described chamber Outlet small interior big collect shape in outer.
- 11. the 3D manufacturing equipments of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 9 or 10, it is characterised in that described to add Thermal element is provided in aluminium heating pedestal, is additionally provided with the temperature sensor of an adjacent heating element.
- 12. the 3D manufacturing equipments of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 11, it is characterised in that aluminium heating pedestal A hollow trunnion for being connected to high-molecular wire rod input hole is provided with, one end of the trunnion protrudes from aluminium heating pedestal and connected One hollow radiating tube.
- 13. the 3D manufacturing equipments of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 9 or 10, it is characterised in that aluminium heats A hollow sealed connecting component is connected on the metal wire rod input hole of pedestal, the Concentric capillary tubing is that installation is placed through sealing company Fitting.
- 14. the 3D manufacturing equipments of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 12, it is characterised in that aluminium heating pedestal Metal wire rod input hole on connect a hollow sealed connecting component, the Concentric capillary tubing be installation be placed through sealed connection Part.
- 15. a kind of 3D printing method of the 3D manufacturing equipments of the degradable implant of manufacture described in usage right requirement 9 to 14, its It is characterised by：Step 1, threedimensional model is divided into a center of maximum entity in software and multiple protrudes from maximum solid periphery Connection entity, in wherein two be oppositely arranged connection physically addition design clamping cylinder, afterwards by the maximum solid And each connection entity split carries out slicing treatment respectively, imports data in FDM printers；Step 2, using the equipment of the degradable implant of manufacture, the degradable composite material of manufactured output is printed most Big central entity：The data handled according to Slice Software, are sequentially depositing each layer of degradable composite material layer along the Z direction, complete Into the printing of center of maximum entity；Step 3, center of maximum entity is removed, wherein two opposite faces of center of maximum entity are clamped using fixture, are rotated successively most Big central entity, to print corresponding connection entity and designed two relative cylinders in solid object surface, Method of printing with Method described in step 2 is identical；Step 4, printed entity is removed, two relatively prominent cylinders are clamped using fixture, are rotated up to central entity, with The corresponding connection entity of printing in its surface, Method of printing are identical with described in step 2；Step 5, cylinder is removed, complete model printing.
- 16. the 3D printing method of the equipment of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 15, it is characterised in that：It is described In FDM print procedures, printing thickness is 0.35mm, a width of 0.4mm of minimum print wire.
- 17. the 3D printing method of the equipment of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 15, it is characterised in that：It is described In FDM print procedures, printing thickness is 0.08mm, a width of 0.1mm of minimum print wire.
- 18. the 3D printing method of the equipment of the degradable implant of manufacture according to claim 15, it is characterised in that：It is described In FDM print procedures, printing thickness is 0.25mm, a width of 0.3mm of minimum print wire.
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| CN108478881A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-09-04 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of 3D printing method of magnesium alloy-polymer composite degradable biological support |
| CN109172069A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-11 | 杭州捷诺飞生物科技股份有限公司 | Digestive tract stent and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN110368530A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-25 | 南京市第一医院 | A kind of Anti-infective bone recovery support and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109172069B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2021-07-06 | 杭州捷诺飞生物科技股份有限公司 | Process for manufacturing digestive tract stent |
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| CN110368530A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-25 | 南京市第一医院 | A kind of Anti-infective bone recovery support and preparation method thereof |
| CN113715324A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-30 | 中国空间技术研究院 | 3D printer made of metal and nonmetal composite material and printing method thereof |
| CN114247889A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-29 | 深圳市众德祥科技有限公司 | Film-coated 3D printing wire, film-coated extruder and preparation method thereof |
| CN114290679A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江闪铸三维科技有限公司 | 3D printer wire feeding structure and debugging method thereof |
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| CN116173299A (en) * | 2023-04-26 | 2023-05-30 | 泓欣科创(北京)科技有限公司 | Degradable implant and method for manufacturing degradable implant |
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