CN107411800B

CN107411800B - Surgical instrument for trimming bone arc-shaped surface

Info

Publication number: CN107411800B
Application number: CN201710780928.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭俊超; 樊瑜波; 李剑; 莫中军
Original assignee: National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids
Current assignee: National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids
Priority date: 2017-09-01
Filing date: 2017-09-01
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-01
Also published as: CN107411800A

Abstract

The invention provides a surgical instrument for trimming an arc-shaped surface of a skeleton, which comprises a tool bit and a tool handle; the tool bit includes: the cutting tool comprises an arc-shaped cutting edge (1), a sawtooth structure (2), a plurality of springs (3), an upper T-shaped connecting part (4) with an embedded tool bit tail part, and a lower T-shaped connecting part (5) with an embedded tool bit tail part; the handle of a knife includes: the multifunctional knife comprises a knife handle body (8), a knife handle front end (6), a thumb gripping part (7) and a four-finger gripping part (9); the T-shaped structure at the tail part of the cutter head is connected with the upper part (4) and the embedded T-shaped connection lower part (5) at the tail part of the cutter head and is used for being embedded into a T-shaped groove hole at the front end (6) of the cutter handle, so that the convenient and fast installation and/or disassembly are realized, the thumb gripping part (7) and the four-finger gripping part (9) are designed according to the ergonomic principle that an operator holds the cutter, and the cutter handle is prevented from falling off from the hand of the operator during operation and/or discomfort of the hand of the operator during long-term use is avoided.

Description

Surgical instrument for trimming bone arc-shaped surface

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a surgical instrument suitable for use in repairing bone surfaces to an arcuate configuration during surgery.

Background

At present, plastic surgery, bone trauma surgery, etc. at home and abroad require detailed finishing of the surface of the skeletal structure to adapt to the attachment of tendons, muscles and soft tissues. In particular, in orthopedics, the curved bone surface needs to be trimmed, the 3D printed personalized bone plate needs to be well matched with the bone surface when being implanted, and the like, so that the bone structure needs to be trimmed correspondingly. In the medical instrument, the cutting edge of most of the cutting tools is planar, and the cutting edges of the scalpels such as J1209010 # and J1210011 # are planar, so even if the cutting head of the J1211012 # scalpel is L-shaped, the cutting edge is still planar. For the bone structure to be trimmed to be an arc-shaped curved surface, the accuracy of the plane-shaped cutting edge in cutting compact and cancellous bone is poor, so that the bone body is cut too much, and the recovery time of a postoperative patient is prolonged.

Disclosure of Invention

The 3D printing technology is increasingly used in medical orthopedic implants, and bone plate reconstruction after tumor resection, bone plate design during foot joint fusion, surface contouring of prostheses, etc. need to be matched with the contouring design of personalized bone plates and prostheses. In the process from medical imaging to structural design and then to prosthesis design, the actual implant shape has errors with the actual contour of the bone surface, so that the irregular contour of the bone surface needs to be trimmed. It is difficult to maintain the irregular contour of the bone surface by dressing the bone surface with the flat blade of the scalpel.

The invention aims to provide a medical instrument which is simple in structure, convenient and applicable and is used for accurately trimming the surface contour of a bone in an operation aiming at the irregular contour of the surface of the bone in the plastic surgery and the surface trimming of the bone when a 3D printing bone plate is inconsistent with the curvature of the surface of the bone.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a surgical instrument for shaping an arcuate surface of a bone, comprising:

a cutter head, comprising:

an arc-shaped blade edge is arranged on the knife edge,

the structure of the sawtooth is that the sawtooth structure,

a plurality of springs are arranged on the base plate,

the tail part of the cutter head is embedded into the T-shaped connection upper part,

the tail part of the cutter head is embedded into a T-shaped connection lower part,

a knife handle, comprising:

a knife handle body is arranged on the knife handle,

the front end of the knife handle is provided with a knife handle,

the grip of the thumb is provided on the portion,

a four-finger grip portion for gripping a finger,

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the T-shaped structure at the tail part of the cutter head is connected with the upper part and the embedded T-shaped connection lower part at the tail part of the cutter head and is used for being embedded into the T-shaped groove hole at the front end of the cutter handle, thereby realizing convenient and quick installation and/or disassembly,

the thumb grip portion and the four-finger grip portion are designed according to the ergonomic principle of the hand-held knife of an operator, preventing the knife handle from falling off from the hand of the operator during surgery and/or avoiding discomfort of the hand of the operator during long-term use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a cutter head according to one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tool tip according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a view along the direction a of fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the embodiment of the tool shank shown in FIG. 1.

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the tool shank of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a view along the direction B of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a top view of the tool tip of fig. 1 and the tool shank of fig. 4 assembled.

Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the fig. 7 assembled tool tip and tool shank.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along direction C of the assembled connection of the tool tip and tool shank of FIG. 8.

Reference numerals:

1-arc blade; 2-a sawtooth structure; 3-a spring; 4-the tail part of the tool bit is embedded into the upper part of the T-shaped connection; 5-the tail part of the tool bit is embedded into the lower part of the T-shaped connection; 6-the front end of the knife handle is connected with the knife head; 7-thumb grip portion; 8-a knife handle body; 9-four finger grip portion.

Detailed Description

The invention aims to provide a surgical instrument for trimming the arc-shaped surface of a bone, namely a medical instrument for trimming the bone surface, which is convenient for an orthopedic operator or a surgeon to disassemble, has excellent man-machine efficiency and is multipurpose. The medical instrument can be used for trimming the bone surface into an arc-shaped structure.

As shown in fig. 1-9, the medical device includes a cutting head and a handle. The tool bit comprises an arc-shaped cutting edge 1, a sawtooth structure 2, a spring 3, a tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connecting upper part 4 and a tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connecting lower part 5. The radian of the arc-shaped cutting edge 1 can be designed into arc-shaped structures of various types according to the curvature of the surface of a bone, so that the arc-shaped cutting edge can be well attached to the surface of the bone when the surface of the bone is repaired; secondly, when a bone surface with larger thickness needs to be trimmed, the saw tooth structure 2 can be used for trimming and sawing; the spring 3 is convenient to disassemble and clamp; the T-shaped structure at the tail part of the tool bit is connected with the upper part 4 and the lower part 5, so that the tool bit can be accurately embedded into the tool shank, and the tool bit is convenient and quick to install and disassemble. On the knife handle, according to the human-computer ergonomics of a hand-held knife of an orthopedic operator or a surgeon, the gripping directions of the thumb and other four fingers of the hand are designed, so that the knife handle is prevented from falling off during operation and the discomfort of the hand during long-term use is prevented; and secondly, the tool shank can be matched with a knocking hammer in a medical instrument, so that the propelling force for trimming the bone is increased.

The tool shank comprises a shank body 8 and a shank nose 6, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.

The cutter head and the cutter handle for trimming the arc-shaped surface of the skeleton are made of stainless steel, so that the cutter head and the cutter handle can be repeatedly sterilized and prevented from rusting due to repeated use. The arc-shaped size of the tool bit can be designed into arc-shaped cutting edges with different sizes according to the curvature of the bone surface, the diameter of the tool shank ranges from 3 cm to 3.5cm, a plastic operator or a surgeon can grasp the tool shank conveniently, and the structural design of the tool shank accords with the posture characteristics of hands. The thumb grip portion 7 and the four-finger grip portion 9 can be designed according to the average length and width of fingers of Chinese adults.

The overall structure of the surgical instrument for trimming the arc-shaped surface of the skeleton is made of stainless steel, and no other materials are used. According to the embodiment shown in fig. 1-9, the spring and the tail of the bit are assembled in the following relationship: four springs 3 are installed in corresponding positions between the upper part 4 and the lower part 5 of the embedded T-shaped connection at the tail part of the tool bit in a semi-press type mode, so that the connecting

parts

4 and 5 at the tail part of the tool bit are embedded into the tool handle, namely the tail part of the tool bit is embedded into a T-shaped groove at the front end 6 of the tool handle under the action force of the springs 3 (figure 4); when the tool bit is dismounted or replaced, the spring 3 is extruded by pressing the upper tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connecting part 4 and the lower tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connecting part 5, and the tool bit is dismounted from the T-shaped groove at the front end 6 of the tool holder; thereby can realize freely loading and unloading, convenient and fast.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the surgical instrument for trimming the arc-shaped surface of the bone comprises two parts, namely a cutter head and a cutter handle. The arc-shaped cutting edge 1 of the cutter head can be processed into cutting edges with different radians (can be divided into various types) according to different skeleton curved surfaces. The front end 6 of the integral knife handle and the knife handle body 8 are formed in one-step machining mode, and the thumb grasping portion 7 and the four-finger grasping portion 9 conform to the anatomical characteristics of human fingers.

The specific installation, use and disassembly processes are as follows:

the installation process comprises the following steps: the middle area of the tool bit is held in one half of the hand so that the axis of the tool bit shown in fig. 1 is aligned with the axis of the tool holder shown in fig. 4. The upper tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connecting part 4 and the lower tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connecting part 5 are assembled with a T-shaped groove hole of the front end 6 of the tool holder until the tool holder can not be inserted continuously.

The using process comprises the following steps: the handle is held in hand with the thumb in the thumb grip portion 7 and the other four fingers in the four-finger grip portion 9, and force is applied axially to modify the bone surface. If the bone cortical bone is too thick, the saw tooth structure 2 can be used for performing the broaching and sawing treatment, and then the arc-shaped blade 1 is used for trimming; in order to increase the dressing strength, the plane of the tail part of the cutter handle can be knocked by a knocking hammer.

The disassembling process comprises the following steps: when the tool bit with different radians needs to be disassembled or replaced, the tool handle body 8 is held by one hand, the other end presses the two springs 3 at the front end of the tool bit, and the tool bit and the tool handle can be separated by applying a pulling force simultaneously, so that the disassembly or the replacement is realized.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument for modifying the curvature of a bone, comprising:

a cutter head, comprising:

an arc-shaped blade (1),

a sawtooth structure (2),

a plurality of springs (3),

the tail part of the cutter head is embedded into a T-shaped connecting upper part (4),

the tail part of the cutter head is embedded with a T-shaped connecting lower part (5),

a knife handle, comprising:

a knife handle body (8),

the front end (6) of the knife handle,

a thumb grip portion (7),

a four-finger grip portion (9),

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the T-shaped structure at the tail part of the cutter head is connected with the upper part (4) and the embedded T-shaped connection lower part (5) at the tail part of the cutter head is used for being embedded into a T-shaped groove hole at the front end (6) of the cutter handle, so that the convenient and quick installation and/or disassembly are realized, when the installation is finished, the axis of the cutter head and the axis of the cutter handle are on the same straight line, the arc of the arc-shaped cutting edge (1) protrudes to the far end along the direction of the straight line,

the thumb gripping part (7) and the four-finger gripping part (9) are designed according to the ergonomic principle that an operator holds the knife, so that the knife handle is prevented from falling off from the hand of the operator during surgery and/or discomfort of the hand of the operator during long-term use is avoided,

the knife handle body (8) is matched with the knocking hammer and used for increasing the propelling force for trimming the skeleton,

the radian of the arc-shaped cutting edge (1) is designed into arc-shaped structures of various types which are matched with the curvature of the surface of the skeleton, so that the arc-shaped cutting edge can be well attached to the surface of the skeleton when the surface of the skeleton is repaired.

2. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein:

the sawtooth structure (2) is suitable for a trimming process of sawing when trimming a bone surface with a large thickness.

3. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein:

the whole structure of the surgical instrument is stainless steel.

4. Surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring (3) and the cutting head are assembled in such a way that:

the plurality of springs (3) are half-press-fitted into corresponding positions between the upper portion (4) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection and the lower portion (5) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection, so that when the upper portion (4) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection and the lower portion (5) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection are embedded into the tool shank, the upper portion (4) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection and the lower portion (5) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection are embedded into the T-shaped groove of the front end (6) of the tool shank under the action force of the springs (3), and when the tool bit is dismounted or replaced, the springs (3) are pressed by pressing the upper portion (4) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection and the lower portion (5) of the tool bit tail embedded T-shaped connection, so that the tool bit is dismounted from the T-shaped groove of the front end (6) of the tool shank.

5. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein:

the front end (6) of the knife handle and the knife handle body (8) are integrally formed by one-time processing,

the thumb grip portion (7) and the four-finger grip portion (9) conform to anatomical features of human fingers.

6. A surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:

the use process of the surgical instrument comprises the following steps:

the handle is adapted to be held by an operator's hand during use with the thumb of the operator's hand in the thumb grip portion (7) and the other four fingers of the operator's hand in the position of the four-finger grip portion (9) for axial exertion by the operator to modify the bone surface.