CN107401768B - Heat supply system and method for deeply recycling flue gas waste heat by using heat pump - Google Patents
Heat supply system and method for deeply recycling flue gas waste heat by using heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN107401768B CN107401768B CN201610339041.2A CN201610339041A CN107401768B CN 107401768 B CN107401768 B CN 107401768B CN 201610339041 A CN201610339041 A CN 201610339041A CN 107401768 B CN107401768 B CN 107401768B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/04—Heat pumps of the sorption type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/12—Heat pump
- F24D2200/126—Absorption type heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
- F24D2200/18—Flue gas recuperation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a heating system for deeply recovering flue gas waste heat by utilizing a heat pump and a using method thereof, and the heating system comprises a first gas-water heat exchanger, a wet desulfurizer, a second gas-water heat exchanger, a third gas-water heat exchanger, a cooling tower, a heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump, wherein flue gas sequentially passes through the first gas-water heat exchanger, the wet desulfurizer, the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger and is discharged from the cooling tower; the invention can not only deeply recover the waste heat of the circulating water and reduce the temperature of the wet flue gas to 30-40 ℃, has good energy-saving benefit, but also can greatly reduce the evaporation loss of the water in the wet desulfurizer and save a large amount of water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of energy, and particularly relates to a heating system for deeply recovering flue gas waste heat by using a heat pump and a using method thereof, which are particularly suitable for a smoke-tower-in-one power plant with wet desulphurization.
Background
The thermal power plant consumes 50% of the total coal output in China, the heat loss of exhaust gas and the heat loss of circulating water are the two largest items in the heat losses of various items in a power station system, wherein the heat loss of exhaust gas accounts for 80% or even more of the total heat loss of a boiler, and under the pure condensation working condition, about 45% of heat of the power plant is dissipated in a cooling tower through the circulating water. Therefore, the waste heat of the two parts is recycled, and the energy utilization efficiency of the thermal power plant can be further improved.
At present, with the improvement of the requirement of environmental protection policy, all thermal power plants basically utilize wet desulphurization technology to carry out desulphurization treatment on flue gas SO as to reduce SO in the flue gas 2 The content of (a). However, there are two problems with this: firstly, the temperature of the flue gas entering the wet desulphurization device is too high, so that the desulphurization efficiency is reduced, and the evaporation loss of moisture is increased; secondly, the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulphurization device is generally 50-60 ℃, and if the wet flue gas is discharged by using the cooling tower, the temperature of the wet flue gas can be further reduced, and the recyclable residual heat is a part of heat. Therefore, how to further effectively reduce the inlet flue gas temperature and the outlet flue gas temperature of the wet desulphurization device and deeply recover the low-temperature waste heat of the flue gas plays a vital role in energy conservation and consumption reduction of a power plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the heating system which is reasonable in design, reliable in performance and beneficial to improving the comprehensive energy efficiency of a power plant and can deeply recover the flue gas waste heat by using the heat pump according to the energy utilization principle of 'temperature butt joint and cascade utilization' and the using method thereof.
The invention provides a heating system for deeply recycling flue gas waste heat by utilizing a heat pump, which comprises: the system comprises a first gas-water heat exchanger, a wet desulfurizer, a second gas-water heat exchanger, a third gas-water heat exchanger, a cooling tower, a heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump;
the first gas-water heat exchanger, the wet desulfurizer, the second gas-water heat exchanger, the third gas-water heat exchanger and the cooling tower are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger are respectively connected with the heat exchangers through pipelines; the second gas-water heat exchanger is provided with a flue gas bypass A, and valves are arranged on the flue gas bypass A and the front and rear pipelines of the second gas-water heat exchanger;
and the third gas-water heat exchanger and the heat exchanger are connected with the absorption heat pump through pipelines.
Specifically, the heating system for deeply recovering the flue gas waste heat by using the heat pump comprises a first gas-water heat exchanger, a wet desulfurizer, a second gas-water heat exchanger, a third gas-water heat exchanger, a cooling tower, a heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump, wherein flue gas sequentially passes through the first gas-water heat exchanger, the wet desulfurizer, the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger and is then discharged from the cooling tower, the heating system further comprises a heat supply network water supply pipe, a heat supply network water return pipe, a heat supply network water supply branch A, a heat supply network water supply branch B, a heat supply network water return branch A, a heat supply network water return branch B, a closed circulating water pipeline A, a closed circulating water pipeline B, a closed circulating water branch A and a closed circulating water branch B, the heat supply network water supply pipe is connected with the first gas-water heat exchanger through the heat supply network water branch A and the heat supply network water branch B, and valves are arranged on the heat supply network and each water supply branch, the heat supply network water return pipe is connected with the second gas-water heat exchanger through a heat supply network water return branch A and a heat supply network water return branch B, valves are arranged on the heat supply network water return pipe and each water return branch, the closed circulating water pipeline A is connected with the heat exchanger through the closed circulating water branch A and the closed circulating water branch B, the valves are arranged on the closed circulating water pipeline A and each circulating water branch, the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger are respectively provided with a condensed water collecting device, a condensed water outlet of the second gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected with the condensed water pipeline, the valve B is arranged between the heat exchanger and the condensed water pipeline, the condensed water outlet of the third gas-water heat exchanger is directly connected with condensation, and the absorption heat pump is connected with the third gas-water heat exchanger through the closed circulating water pipeline A and the closed circulating water pipeline B .
Preferably, the second gas-water heat exchanger, the third gas-water heat exchanger and the heat exchanger are all shell-and-tube heat exchangers, and are made of corrosion-resistant materials, which are selected from PFA, FEP or PVDF, but not limited thereto.
Preferably, the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger are both provided with a condensed water collecting device.
Preferably, the second gas-water heat exchanger is provided with a flue gas bypass A, and valves are arranged on the flue gas bypass A and pipelines in front of and behind the second gas-water heat exchanger.
Preferably, closed circulating water flows among the absorption heat pump, the heat exchanger and the third air-water heat exchanger, and only circulates among the three devices.
Preferably, the heat supply network water supply pipe is connected with the first air-water heat exchanger through a heat supply network water supply branch A and a heat supply network water supply branch B, and valves are arranged on the heat supply network water supply pipe and the water supply branches; the heat supply network water return pipe is connected with the second gas-water heat exchanger through a heat supply network water return branch A and a heat supply network water return branch B, and valves are arranged on the heat supply network water return pipe and the water return branches.
Preferably, the absorption heat pump of the invention uses closed circulating water as a low-temperature heat source.
A heating system for deeply recovering flue gas waste heat by using a heat pump and a using method thereof are disclosed, wherein the specific using method comprises the following four operation processes:
1. when the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer is higher than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, closing the valve A, opening the valve N, the valve P and the valve B, allowing the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer to enter the second gas-water heat exchanger for cooling, then entering the third gas-water heat exchanger for cooling, allowing condensed water of the second gas-water heat exchanger to flow into the wet desulfurizer through a condensed water pipeline after heat exchange through the heat exchanger, adjusting the opening degree of the valve E, opening the valves C and D, opening the closed circulating water branch, allowing the closed circulating water heated by the third gas-water heat exchanger to enter the heat exchanger for secondary heating through the closed circulating water branch, then converging the closed circulating water with the original closed circulating water, allowing the closed circulating water to enter the absorption heat pump for heat exchange, allowing the flow in the closed circulating water branch to be adjusted through the opening degrees of the valves C, D and E, adjusting the opening degree of the valve H, opening degrees of the valves F and G, opening degrees of the return water branch of the heat supply network to enter the second gas-water heat exchanger for heating, allowing the return water of the heat supply network to be heated by the return water through the valves F and the return water adjusting valves G.
2. When the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer is lower than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, the valve A is opened, the valve N, the valve P and the valve B are closed, the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer directly enters the third gas-water heat exchanger through the flue gas bypass A for cooling, the valve E is opened, the valve C and the valve D are closed, the closed circulating water branch is closed, the closed circulating water heated by the third gas-water heat exchanger directly enters the absorption heat pump for heat exchange, the valve H is opened, the valve F and the valve G are closed, the return water branch of the heat supply network is closed, and the return water of the heat supply network directly enters the absorption heat pump for heating.
3. In the initial stage of heating, the valve M is opened, the valve J and the valve K are closed, the water supply branch of the heat supply network is closed, and the heat supply network water heated by the absorption heat pump is directly supplied to a heat user.
4. In the heating severe cold period, the opening degree of the valve M is adjusted, the valve J and the valve K are opened, the heat supply network water supply branch is opened, the heat supply network water supply heated by the absorption heat pump enters the first air-water heat exchanger through the heat supply network water supply branch to be heated again, the heated heat supply network water supply is converged with the original heat supply network water supply and then supplied to a heat consumer, and the flow in the heat supply network water supply branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the valve J, the valve K and the valve M.
Preferably, the first gas-water heat exchanger can reduce the temperature of the flue gas to 105 ℃ or below, and the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger can reduce the temperature of the wet flue gas to 30-40 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) The design is reasonable, the structure is simple, the performance is reliable, the low-temperature waste heat of the flue gas is reasonably designed and recovered based on the cascade utilization principle of energy, the energy is saved, and the evaporation loss of the moisture in the wet-type desulfurizer is greatly reduced; (2) The invention can reduce the temperature of the inlet flue gas of the wet desulphurization device to 105 ℃ or below and reduce the temperature of the outlet wet flue gas of the wet desulphurization device to 30-40 ℃. Therefore, the invention greatly reduces the water evaporation loss while recycling the waste heat.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heating system for deeply recovering flue gas waste heat by using a heat pump and a system structure of a using method thereof.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second gas-water heat exchanger and a third gas-water heat exchanger in the heating system of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a first gas-water heat exchanger; 2. a wet desulfurizer; 3. a second gas-water heat exchanger; 4. a third gas-water heat exchanger; 5. a cooling tower; 6. a heat exchanger; 7. an absorption heat pump; 8. a valve A; 9. a flue gas bypass A; 10. a valve B; 11. a condensed water pipeline; 12. a closed circulating water branch A; 13. a closed circulating water branch B; 14. a valve C; 15. a valve D; 16. a valve E; 17. a closed circulating water pipeline A; 18. a closed circulating water pipeline B; 19. driving the steam; 20. a heat supply network water supply pipe; 21. a heat supply network water return pipe; 22. a heat supply network backwater branch A; 23. a heat supply network backwater branch B; 24. a valve F; 25. a valve G; 26. a valve H; 27. a heat supply network water supply branch A; 28. a heat supply network water supply branch B; 29. a valve J; 30. a valve K; 31. a valve M; 32. a valve N; 33. a valve P; 34. a condensed water collecting device; a1, a fluid A inlet; a2, a fluid A outlet; b1, a fluid B inlet; b2, a fluid B outlet; c1, a condensed water outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as being limited thereto.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, the heating system of the embodiment includes: the heat supply system comprises a first gas-water heat exchanger 1, a wet desulfurizer 2, a second gas-water heat exchanger 3, a third gas-water heat exchanger 4, a cooling tower 5, a heat exchanger 6 and an absorption heat pump 7, wherein flue gas sequentially passes through the first gas-water heat exchanger 1, the wet desulfurizer 2, the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 and the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 and is then discharged from the cooling tower 5, the heat supply system further comprises a heat supply network water supply pipe 20, a heat supply network water return pipe 21, a heat supply network water supply branch A27, a heat supply network water supply branch B28, a heat supply network water return branch A22, a heat supply network water return branch B23, a closed circulating water pipe A17, a closed circulating water pipe B18, a closed circulating water branch A12 and a closed circulating water branch B13, the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 is provided with a flue gas bypass A9, valves are arranged on front and rear pipelines of the flue gas bypass A9 and the second gas-water heat exchanger 3, the heat supply network water supply pipe 20 is connected with the first gas-water heat exchanger 1 through a heat supply network water supply branch A27 and a heat supply network water supply branch B28, valves are arranged on the heat supply network water supply pipe 20 and each water supply branch, the heat supply network water return pipe 21 is connected with the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 through a heat supply network water return branch A22 and a heat supply network water return branch B23, valves are arranged on the heat supply network water return pipe 21 and each water return branch, the closed circulating water pipeline A17 is connected with the heat exchanger 6 through a closed circulating water branch A12 and a closed circulating water branch B13, valves are arranged on the closed circulating water pipeline A17 and each circulating water branch, and the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 and the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 are both provided with a condensed water collecting device 34, the condensed water outlet of the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 is connected with the heat exchanger 6, the heat exchanger 6 is connected with the condensed water pipeline 11, a valve B is arranged between the heat exchanger 6 and the condensed water pipeline 11, the condensed water outlet C1 of the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 is directly connected with the condensed water pipeline 11, and the absorption heat pump 7 is connected with the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 through a closed circulating water pipeline A17 and a closed circulating water pipeline B18.
When the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer 2 is higher than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, the valve A8 is closed, the valve N32, the valve P33 and the valve B10 are opened, the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer 2 firstly enters the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 for cooling, and then enters the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 for cooling, condensed water of the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 flows into the wet desulfurizer 2 through a condensed water pipeline 11 after heat exchange through the heat exchanger 6, the opening degree of the valve E16 is adjusted, the valve C14 and the valve D15 are opened, a closed circulating water branch is opened, closed circulating water heated by the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 enters the heat exchanger 6 for secondary heating through the closed circulating water branch, and then is converged with original closed circulating water to enter the absorption heat pump 7 for heat exchange, the flow in the closed circulating water branch can be adjusted through the openings of the valve C14, the valve D15 and the valve E16, the opening degree of the valve H26 is adjusted, the valve F24 and the valve G25 and the return water of the heat supply network can be heated through the return water branch and then the return water of the heat supply network and the heat exchanger.
When the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer 2 is lower than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, the valve A8 is opened, the valve N32, the valve P33 and the valve B10 are closed, the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer 2 directly enters the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 through the flue gas bypass A9 to be cooled, the valve E16 is opened, the valve C14 and the valve D15 are closed, the closed circulating water branch is closed, the closed circulating water heated by the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 directly enters the absorption heat pump 7 to exchange heat, the valve H26 is opened, the valve F24 and the valve G25 are closed, the return water branch of the heat supply network is closed, and the return water of the heat supply network directly enters the absorption heat pump 7 to be heated.
In the initial stage of heating, the valve M31 is opened, the valve J29 and the valve K30 are closed, the heat supply network water supply branch is closed, and the heat supply network water heated by the absorption heat pump 7 is directly supplied to a heat user.
In the heating severe cold period, the opening degree of the valve M31 is adjusted, the valve J29 and the valve K30 are opened, the heat supply network water supply branch is opened, the heat supply network water supply heated by the absorption heat pump 7 enters the first air-water heat exchanger 1 through the heat supply network water supply branch to be heated again, the heated heat supply network water supply is converged with the original heat supply network water supply and then supplied to a heat consumer, and the flow in the heat supply network water supply branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the valve J29, the valve K30 and the valve M31.
The second gas-water heat exchanger 3, the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 and the heat exchanger 6 are all shell-and-tube heat exchangers and are made of corrosion-resistant materials, and the corrosion-resistant materials are selected from PFA, FEP or PVDF.
The first gas-water heat exchanger 1 can reduce the temperature of the flue gas to 105 ℃ and below, and the second gas-water heat exchanger 3 and the third gas-water heat exchanger 4 can reduce the temperature of the wet flue gas to 30-40 ℃.
Referring to fig. 2, for the second and third gas-water heat exchangers, fluid a refers to heat supply network water and closed circulating water, fluid B refers to wet flue gas, a condensed water outlet C1 of the second gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchanger 6, and a condensed water outlet C1 of the third gas-water heat exchanger is directly connected with a condensed water pipeline 11.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may differ in the shape of the components, the names of the components, and the like. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, the characteristics and the principle of the invention which are described in the patent conception of the invention are included in the protection scope of the patent of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an utilize heat pump degree of depth to retrieve heating system of flue gas waste heat which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a first gas-water heat exchanger, a wet desulfurizer, a second gas-water heat exchanger, a third gas-water heat exchanger, a cooling tower, a heat exchanger and an absorption heat pump; the heat supply system also comprises a heat supply network water supply pipe, a heat supply network water return pipe, a heat supply network water supply branch A, a heat supply network water supply branch B, a heat supply network water return branch A and a heat supply network water return branch B;
the first gas-water heat exchanger, the wet desulfurizer, the second gas-water heat exchanger, the third gas-water heat exchanger and the cooling tower are sequentially connected through pipelines;
the second gas-water heat exchanger is provided with a flue gas bypass A, a valve A is arranged on the flue gas bypass A, and a valve N and a valve P are respectively arranged on the front pipeline and the rear pipeline of the second gas-water heat exchanger;
the heat supply network water return pipe is connected with the absorption heat pump, the heat supply network water return pipe is connected with a second gas-water heat exchanger through a heat supply network water return branch A and a heat supply network water return branch B, a valve H is arranged on the heat supply network water return pipe, a valve F is arranged on the heat supply network water return branch A, and a valve G is arranged on the heat supply network water return branch B;
a condensed water outlet of the second gas-water heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected with a condensed water pipeline, and a valve B is arranged between the heat exchanger and the condensed water pipeline; a condensed water outlet of the third gas-water heat exchanger is directly connected with a condensed water pipeline;
the absorption heat pump is connected with a third gas-water heat exchanger through a closed circulating water pipeline A and a closed circulating water pipeline B, water in the closed circulating water pipe is used as a low-temperature heat source of the absorption heat pump, the absorption heat pump is also connected with driving steam, a valve E is arranged on the closed circulating water pipeline A, the closed circulating water pipeline A is connected with the heat exchanger through a closed circulating water branch A and a closed circulating water branch B, a valve C is arranged on the closed circulating water branch A, and a valve D is arranged on the closed circulating water branch B;
the valve A is used for being closed when the temperature of outlet wet flue gas of the wet desulfurizer is higher than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, and is also used for being opened when the temperature of outlet wet flue gas of the wet desulfurizer is lower than the return water temperature of the heat supply network;
the valve F, the valve G, the valve N and the valve P are all used for opening when the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer is higher than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, so that the return water of the heat supply network is firstly heated with the wet flue gas for the first time and then secondarily heated with the absorption heat pump, and is also used for closing when the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer is lower than the return water temperature of the heat supply network;
the valve B is used for opening when the temperature of outlet wet flue gas of the wet desulfurizer is higher than the return water temperature of a heat supply network, so that condensed water of the second gas-water heat exchanger flows back to the wet desulfurizer; the wet type desulfurizer is also used for closing when the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet type desulfurizer is lower than the return water temperature of the heat supply network;
the valve C and the valve D are both used for opening when the temperature of outlet wet flue gas of the wet desulfurizer is higher than the return water temperature of a heat supply network, so that a closed circulating water branch is opened, and the closed circulating water exchanges heat with the third gas-water heat exchanger and the heat exchanger successively; the wet type desulfurizer is also used for being closed when the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet type desulfurizer is lower than the return water temperature of the heat supply network;
the heat supply network water supply pipe is connected with the absorption heat pump, the heat supply network water supply pipe is connected with the first air-water heat exchanger through a heat supply network water supply branch A and a heat supply network water supply branch B, a valve M is arranged on the heat supply network water supply pipe, a valve J is arranged on the heat supply network water supply branch A, and a valve K is arranged on the heat supply network water supply branch B;
the valve J and the valve K are used for being closed at the initial stage of heating so that the heat supply network water heated by the absorption heat pump 7 is directly supplied to a heat user, and are also used for being opened at the alpine heating stage so that the heat supply network water heated by the absorption heat pump enters the first gas-water heat exchanger through the heat supply network water supply branch for reheating, is converged with the original heat supply network water supply and is supplied to the heat user.
2. The heating system for deeply recovering the waste heat of the flue gas by using the heat pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second gas-water heat exchanger, the third gas-water heat exchanger and the heat exchanger are all shell-and-tube heat exchangers;
the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is made of corrosion-resistant materials, and the corrosion-resistant materials are selected from PFA, FEP, PVDF or other corrosion-resistant materials.
3. The heating system using the heat pump to deeply recover the waste heat of the flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger are respectively provided with a condensed water collecting device.
4. A heat supply method for deeply recovering flue gas waste heat by using a heat pump is characterized in that: heating system according to any of claims 1 to 3, the heating method comprising four operational steps:
1. when the temperature of wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer is higher than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, closing the valve A, opening the valve N, the valve P and the valve B, allowing the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer to enter a second gas-water heat exchanger for cooling, then entering a third gas-water heat exchanger for cooling, allowing condensed water of the second gas-water heat exchanger to flow into the wet desulfurizer through a condensed water pipeline after heat exchange through the heat exchangers, adjusting the opening degree of the valve E, opening the valves C and D, opening a closed circulating water branch, allowing the closed circulating water heated by the third gas-water heat exchanger to enter the heat exchangers for secondary heating, then converging the closed circulating water with the original closed circulating water, allowing the closed circulating water to enter an absorption heat pump for heat exchange, allowing the flow in the closed circulating water branch to be adjusted through the opening degrees of the valves C, D and E, adjusting the opening degree of the valve H, opening the valves F and G, opening the return water branch of the heat supply network, allowing the return water of the heat supply network to enter the second gas-water heat exchanger for heating through the return water of the heat supply network branch, and allowing the return water of the valves F and the return water of the heat supply network to be adjusted through the valves G;
2. when the temperature of the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer is lower than the return water temperature of the heat supply network, opening a valve A, closing a valve N, a valve P and a valve B, directly feeding the wet flue gas at the outlet of the wet desulfurizer into a third gas-water heat exchanger through a flue gas bypass A for cooling, opening a valve E, closing a valve C and a valve D, closing a closed circulating water branch, directly feeding the closed circulating water heated by the third gas-water heat exchanger into an absorption heat pump for heat exchange, opening a valve H, closing a valve F and a valve G, closing a return water branch of the heat supply network, and directly feeding the return water of the heat supply network into the absorption heat pump for heating;
3. in the initial stage of heating, opening the valve M, closing the valve J and the valve K, closing the water supply branch of the heat supply network, and directly supplying the heat supply network water heated by the absorption heat pump to a heat user;
4. in the heating alpine period, the opening degree of the valve M is adjusted, the valve J and the valve K are opened, the heat supply network water supply branch is opened, the heat supply network water supply heated by the absorption heat pump enters the first air-water heat exchanger through the heat supply network water supply branch to be heated again, the heated heat supply network water supply is converged with the original heat supply network water supply and then supplied to a heat consumer, and the flow in the heat supply network water supply branch can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the valve J, the valve K and the valve M.
5. The heat supply method for deeply recovering the waste heat of the flue gas by using the heat pump according to claim 4, wherein the heat supply method comprises the following steps: the first gas-water heat exchanger can reduce the temperature of the flue gas to 105 ℃ and below, and the second gas-water heat exchanger and the third gas-water heat exchanger can reduce the temperature of the wet flue gas to 30-40 ℃.
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