CN107397783A - 一种鸡骨草鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种鸡骨草鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种鸡骨草鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺。该工艺在鸡骨草药材采收后，净选、淋洗，并趁鲜压榨，滤取药汁。药渣再加水搅拌，过滤压榨。所得药汁合并后减压浓缩，喷雾干燥。此法制备的鸡骨草粉末饮片，最大限度的同时保留了药材中的极性和非极性有效成分。饮片利于储运，方便调剂，质量可控，疗效可靠，对保障中医药临床疗效具有重要的意义。本法的推广实施，将有显著的社会意义和经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药材加工领域，尤其涉及中药鸡骨草饮片的加工工艺。
背景技术
中药鸡骨草为豆科植物广州相思子的干燥全株。具有利湿退黄，清热解毒，疏肝止痛之功效。常用于湿热黄疽，胁肋不舒，胃脘胀痛，乳痈肿痛。鸡骨草还可在春夏潮湿季节用来煲汤作食疗。
常用的鸡骨草饮片的加工方式为：采收后，除去杂质，晒干，直接打包储藏和运输。这些干燥的鸡骨草卫生学指标不能达标，极易发生药材霉变，从而导致药材品质的下降和临床疗效的降低。此类草药饮片，体积庞大，易发生变质和被污染，质量很难保证，不利于调剂配方和确保其临床疗效。
目前，市场上也有鸡骨草药材经过提取后制成的颗粒饮片销售。由于颗粒饮片制备过程中，提取不仅耗时耗能，而且因常用水做溶媒，药材中的非极性有效成分很难被提取出来。此外，由于提取用的鸡骨草药材也是干燥并经过长时间储藏的，因此，有效成分的损失也是很大的。为了确保鸡骨草药材的临床有效、质量稳定，一种新型的鸡骨草饮片亟待开发。
发明内容
本发明公布了 “一种鸡骨草鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺”。本工艺可以最大限度的保留鸡骨草药材中的极性和非极性有效成分，避免药材在现有的饮片加工和储运过程中引起的有效成分的丢失和药材品质的下降，减少药材受霉菌等的污染，对确保鸡骨草饮片的质量稳定和临床安全有效具有重要的意义。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：
在鸡骨草采收期采集其全草，洗净，切成1~2cm长的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得鸡骨草药汁。将所得的花地丁药汁，于40~80℃减压浓缩，得到相对密度为1.02~1.10的浓缩液。对此浓缩液进行喷雾干燥，进风口温度设定为100~140℃, 出风口温度设定为90~120℃。收集干燥物进行粉碎，过60~100目筛后，真空包装，即得鸡骨草鲜榨真空干燥粉末饮片。
在产品包装袋的标签上，印刷上品名、药用部位、种植地、生产商、生产日期、主要成分含量、性味归经、功能主治、用法用量、毒副作用及禁忌证等信息。袋内附上鸡骨草的薄层鉴别图谱和/或高效液相特征图谱，作为产品的“身份证”。此外，在产品的包装袋上，印有二维码，通过扫描可以链接获取产品的原植物照片、药材照片、饮片照片、性状及显微鉴别特征等信息。
本发明的有益之处在于：
新鲜鸡骨草药材净选洗涤后直接压榨、过滤、减压浓缩、喷雾干燥，所得到的粉末饮片，可以最大限度地保留药材中的有效成分。 这种饮片体积较之于传统饮片体积大大地减小，质量更加稳定，利于储运和临床调剂，具有十分显著的社会意义和经济意义。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将新鲜采集的鸡骨草药材，洗净，切成1cm的段，加入药材重量0.5倍量的水，搅拌15分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入5倍量的水，搅拌5min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，200目筛过滤，得鸡骨草药汁。将所得的花地丁药汁减压浓缩，温度设定为60℃。在所得浓缩液相对密度为1.03时，转移到喷雾干燥塔进行喷雾干燥，进风口温度设定为140℃，出风口温度设定为110℃，收集干燥物，粉碎，过60目筛，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧化剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即可。
实施例2
将新鲜采集的鸡骨草药材，洗净，切成2cm的段，加入药材重量1倍量的水，搅拌20分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入3倍量的水，搅拌5min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入4倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，200目筛过滤，得鸡骨草药汁。将所得的花地丁药汁减压浓缩，温度设定为65℃。在所得浓缩液相对密度为1.05时，转移到喷雾干燥塔进行喷雾干燥，进风口温度设定为120℃，出风口温度设定为90℃，收集干燥物，粉碎，过80目筛，装袋，1kg/袋，加入袋装抗氧化剂和干燥剂，真空封装，贴签即可。
以上实施例，仅为说明本项发明的技术思想，不能凭此限定本发明的保护范围 凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明保护的范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种鸡骨草鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：在鸡骨草采收期采集其全草，洗净，切成1~2cm长的段，加入药材重量0.5~1倍量的水，搅拌15~30分钟，趁鲜压榨，收集初榨药汁，药渣加入1~5倍量的水，搅拌5~30min，压榨取汁，所剩药渣再加入1~5倍量的水，压榨取汁，合并初榨药汁及后两次压榨药汁，100~200目筛过滤，得鸡骨草药汁。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种鸡骨草鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片的制备工艺，其特征在于：将权利要求1中所得的鸡骨草药汁，于40~80℃减压浓缩，得到相对密度为1.02~1.10的浓缩液，对其进行喷雾干燥，进风口温度设定为100~140℃,出风口温度设定为90~120℃，收集干燥物进行粉碎，过60~100目筛后，喷雾包装，即得鸡骨草鲜榨喷雾干燥粉末饮片。
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