CN107396377B - A method of assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity - Google Patents
A method of assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN107396377B CN107396377B CN201710534062.4A CN201710534062A CN107396377B CN 107396377 B CN107396377 B CN 107396377B CN 201710534062 A CN201710534062 A CN 201710534062A CN 107396377 B CN107396377 B CN 107396377B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/24—Cell structures
- H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
Abstract
The present invention principally falls into mobile communication technology field, and in particular to a method of assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity.The method obtains the physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna emission process by calculating, and the lifting values of evaluating wireless message capacity are carried out using the physical entropy of wave beam forming；Wherein, the opposite negentropy of wave beam forming is approximately equal to the multiple of the lifting values of the wireless communication capacity.The method of the invention gives the calculation method that beam-shaped antenna emits the entropy of this physical process, the definition of contact details amount, indicate that the negentropy of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system is equal to the increased multiple of the wireless communication capacity, can accurate evaluation pass through the wireless communication capacity that is promoted of antenna beam figuration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention principally falls into mobile communication technology field, and in particular to a kind of assessment antenna beam figuration promotion channel radio
Believe the method for capacity, this method, which corresponds to message capacity estimation, wireless resource management and scheduling, has practical value.
Background technique
The 3D beamforming technique of antenna is considered to effectively promote the capacity of cellular system, is also considered as 5G the (the 5th
Third-generation mobile communication) one of key technology.The promotion of capacity about this system, industry generally pass through system emulation and measurement
Experiment calculates to verify, and emulation, which needs to take a substantial amount of time, carries out system modelling and operation, and the time is long, costly.Scene is surveyed
Amount experiment needs to build complicated hardware system, and expense is higher.Currently, lacking a kind of theorizing, from physical concept
Mathematical model.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of side of assessment antenna beam figuration promotion wireless communication capacity
Method gives the calculation formula that beam-shaped antenna emits the entropy of this physical process, the definition of contact details amount, it is indicated that wave beam
The capability of wireless communication system that the negentropy of the relatively directional antenna system of shaping system is approximately equal to wave beam forming introducing is promoted.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A method of assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity, and the method is assigned by calculating acquisition wave beam
The physics entropy of shape antenna during the launch process, and calculate and obtain the negative of beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system
Entropy；Wireless communication capacity is assessed using the negentropy of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system.
Further, the negentropy of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system is held equal to the wireless communication
Measure increased multiple.
Further, the calculating of the physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process specifically:
By antenna radiation pattern functionAs probability density function, using the electromagnetic wave of macroscopic view as microcosmic photon
Set, the then photon emitted from antenna fall on angleProbability density on corresponding one small angular domain face element is
The physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process are as follows:
In formula: HGFor the physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process；For antenna radiation pattern function；θ
It is the vertical angle of coordinate system,It is the horizontal angle of coordinate system, truth of a matter α chooses any one in 10,2 or natural logrithm e as needed
?；When α is 10, the dimension of calculated result is dB；When α is natural logrithm e, the dimension of calculated result is Np；When α is 2,
The dimension of calculated result is bit.
Further, the distribution space volume of the independent variable of the probability density function is v, then when p (x, y) is 1/v,
The physics entropy entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process is maximum and is equal to logαv；Wherein, the probability density function
The distribution space volume v of independent variable is one-dimensional, the two-dimentional or three-dimensional and three-dimensional above hyperspace；X, y indicates a probability
The coordinate system variable of independent variable, p (x, y) indicate the probability density function of the probability distribution where distribution；
Calculate the physics entropy of ideal omnidirectional antenna antenna pattern, the physical entropy of the ideal omnidirectional antenna antenna pattern
Value is equal to logα4 π are the maximum values in the physics entropy of all beam-shaped antenna antenna patterns；
The negentropy H of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna systemRAre as follows:
HR=HG-logα4π。
Further, for the fixed beam base station antenna system of three sectors, the angle domain which can point at is that have
It limits, then the negentropy H of the relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system of the fixed beam base station antenna system of three sectors3sectors[dB] statement
Are as follows:
In formula, dB is log unit, and a is the upper limit that elliptic domain and axis intersect；AsFor the fixed beam base station of three sector
Antenna system can traverse the area of spherical surface of covering on unit ball.
Further, when assessing wireless communication capacity, consider the link distribution of base station-user；
Assuming that in spherical coordinate system, the link distribution density function of base station-user isThen
In formula,For antenna radiation pattern function,For the pattern function of link weight；
It is rightNormalized is done, that is, is set:
In formula: KGLFor the normalization factor of the pattern function of link weight；
Then:
In formula:For the pattern function of normalized link weight；
At this point, when assessing wireless communication capacity, when considering the link distribution of base station-user, the beam-shaped antenna
The negentropy of relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system are as follows:
Advantageous effects of the invention:
The method of the invention does not need to take considerable time that progress system modelling and operation, expense are low；And the present invention
The hardware system that the method does not need to build complexity further saves correlative charges.
The method of the invention gives the calculation method that beam-shaped antenna emits the entropy of this physical process, connection letter
The definition of breath amount, it is indicated that the negentropy of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system is held equal to the wireless communication
Measure increased multiple, can accurate evaluation pass through the wireless communication capacity that is promoted of antenna beam figuration.
Appraisal procedure of the present invention can be used for wireless communication system wireless resource management, specifically according to system institute
The direction graph parameter of wave beam forming stream required for needing capacity to assess in real time, and tune is associated with frequency domain, time domain radio resource
It is whole, control, thus make wireless communication system be related to pattern beam control wireless resource management algorithm it is more clear, calculate
It measures smaller.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the analysis coordinate system of antenna for base station direction graph model；
Fig. 2 is the opposite negentropy that ideal 3D beam-shaped antenna directional diagram introduces.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is explained in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention covers any substitution done on the essence and scope of the present invention being defined by the claims, repairs
Change, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order to make the public have a better understanding the present invention, below to of the invention thin
It is detailed to describe some specific detail sections in section description.Part without these details for a person skilled in the art
The present invention can also be understood completely in description.
Embodiment 1
A method of assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity, and the method is assigned by calculating acquisition wave beam
The physics entropy of shape antenna during the launch process, and calculate and obtain the negative of beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system
Entropy；Wireless communication capacity is assessed using the negentropy of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system；The wave beam
The negentropy of shaped aerial relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system is approximately equal to the increased multiple of the wireless communication capacity.
The known continuously distributed entropy with joint probability density function p (x, y) is:
Consider that antenna transmitting has antenna radiation pattern function Definition:
Where it is assumed that the radiant power of antenna is 1,It is the spherical surface upper angle that radius is rCorresponding one
Small angular domain face elementOn radiant power；Mathematically r is eliminated in (2) formula, physically sees r → ∞
Condition can suitably relax in engineering, meet far field condition；
If the electromagnetic wave of macroscopic view to be regarded as to the set of microcosmic photon, the photon emitted from antenna is fallen on
AngleCorresponding one small angular domain face elementOn probability density be exactlyIt willIt substitutes into
(1) Shi Ke get:
Formula (3) is the physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process, if the distribution space volume of independent variable is v
(can be one-dimensional, two-dimentional or hyperspace), then when joint probability density function p (x, y) is constant 1/v, then then wave
The physics entropy entropy of beam shaped aerial during the launch process is maximum and is equal to logαv；It is evident that ideal omnidirectional antenna radiation
The physics entropy of directional diagram is equal to logα4 π are the maximum values in the physics entropy of all beam-shaped antenna antenna patterns；
Any one in 10,2 or natural logrithm e is chosen as needed in log function truth of a matter α, and when taking the different truth of a matter, entropy will be taken
Different dimensions；According to the convention of antenna works, truth of a matter α can be taken with the 10 of 10 times the bottom of as, then dimension is dB.It is managed according to information
The convention of opinion, truth of a matter α can take with 2 as the truth of a matter, then dimension is bit；When the truth of a matter of log function is natural logrithm e, knot is calculated
The dimension of fruit is Np.
Then define the negentropy H of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna systemRAre as follows:
HR=HG-logα4π (4)
The antenna for base station directional diagram for the simplification that engineering calculation uses can refer to International Telecommunication Association ITU-RM.2135 and report, than
If dimensional antenna directional diagram expression formula is shown in formula (5).
Wherein:
It is the power density of antenna radiation pattern.
θ is vertical angle, and range is-pi/2~pi/2 (0 respective antenna front)；
It is horizontal angle, range is-π~π；
GMaxIt is the maximum gain (dB) on antenna for base station directional diagram；
AE,HIt is the level function of antenna for base station directional diagram；
AE,VIt is the vertical function of antenna for base station directional diagram；
WhereinIt is horizontal 3dB beam angle, can generally takes 65 °；AmIt is the Sidelobe Suppression ratio of antenna for base station, generally
Take 30dB, kEAnd kHIt is settling ratio, can all takes 12；θ3dBIt is vertical 3dB beam angle, generally takes 10 °.
The basic ideas of the dimensional antenna direction graph model are to simplify literary writing by leaving out superfluous words, and secondary lobe, minor lobe etc. are reduced to a spherical surface
Envelope.This parabolic model has certain versatility, and it is therefore necessary to further be derived, it is contemplated that sphere area
The normalization requirement for dividing power, can do following analysis.The elliptic region that angle coordinate shown in Fig. 1 is fastened is known as E, then
Have:
The then power density of antenna radiation patternAre as follows:
It can prove following elliptic parameter:
In view of the requirement of engineering of 3D wave beam forming, then this lobe is possible to a wavelet of only entire antenna system
Valve occupies the entire transmission power of systemksFor multi-beam coefficient；
Then have:
Due to the difference of θ coordinate system, it is slightly different that (sin θ replaces in the integral term and normal coordinate system in (12) formula
cosθ)；First seek IEFor calculating process amount:
It can directly acquire:
ThenFor a calculating process amount；
According to the definition of antenna for base station directional diagram, then have:
Formula (16) explanation, it is contemplated that the normalization requirement of surface integral power,θ3dB、AmUnder known case, base station
Maximum gain G on antenna radiation patternmaxIt can be calculated.
Table 1 lists the G of a typical antenna for base stationmaxThe control of calculated value and measured value, wherein measuring in middle Cathay
The exterior aerial measurement far field in your laboratory is completed, this illustrate mathematical model used herein be meet it is actual.
Maximum gain Gmax measured value and calculated value on 1 antenna for base station directional diagram of table
When discussing the opposite negentropy that the beam-shaped antenna in wireless communication system introduces, only main lobe is in message capacity
It promoted, worked in spectrum efficiency promotion, so the effect of main lobe should be only considered, as shown in (17) formula.
(17) formula implies a premise: i.e. this main lobe can be directed toward any angular domain, the only intelligence of 3D wave beam forming
Antenna can accomplish this point.
For the fixed beam base station antenna system of three sectors, the angle domain which can point at is limited, for
This problem, bring " entropy increase " cannot be traversed by needing to deduct angular domain, this loss can be stated with formula (18):
The then negentropy H of the relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system of the fixed beam base station antenna system of three sectors3sectors[dB]
It can state are as follows:
More generally, (19) formula can be promoted are as follows:
In formula (19), AsThe spherical surface of covering can be traversed on unit ball for the fixed beam base station antenna system of three sector
Area；
From the definition of information, space division multiplexing is an independent dimension relative to other radio resource dimensions, so
The opposite negentropy of wave beam forming is equal to power system capacity increased multiple, such as the relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system of antenna system
Negentropy is -10dB, it is meant that power system capacity can 10 times of opposite reference value (ideal omnidirectional antenna) increase in the ideal case.
Need exist for it is clear that:
It is to say that the entropy of beam-forming system wave transmission is less than omnidirectional antenna, and emit this 1. " negentropy " is " opposite "
The entropy of body is still positive value, because the photon for representing electromagnetic wave is diffused into free space from the minimum space of Wave guide system, entropy must
It is so to increase, " opposite negentropy " does not violate the second law of thermodynamics.
2. actual antennas system has many nonideal factors: such as user terminal is not fully evenly distributed in spherical surface
On, for example practical intelligent antenna beam direction is not entirely free on his, such as influence of channel fading etc..These factors
It introduces, it is necessary to further comprehensive analysis.
When assessing wireless communication capacity, the link distribution of base station-user is considered；
Assuming that in spherical coordinate system, the link distribution density function of base station-user isThen
In formula,For antenna radiation pattern function,For the pattern function of link weight；
It is rightNormalized is done, that is, is set:
In formula: KGLFor a normalization coefficient；
Then:
In formula:For the pattern function of normalized link weight；
At this point, when assessing wireless communication capacity, when considering the link distribution of base station-user, the beam-shaped antenna
The negentropy of relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system are as follows:
Case 1:
It is typical for oneAm=30dB, θ3dB=10 ° of three sector base stations systems, can calculate
To its H3sectorsIt is -8.35dB.I.e. relative to ideal omnidirectional antenna, capacity increases 8.35dB.
Case 2:
The calculated result of ideal 3D beam-shaped antenna system is given below as shown in Fig. 2, giving different vertical wave beam
Width and the corresponding result of horizontal beam width.So-called ideal refers to that antenna beam can be directed toward any angle.It can from Fig. 2
To see, horizontal 3dB beam angleWith vertical 3dB beam angle θ3dBSmaller, then the opposite negentropy introduced is bigger, i.e., latent
Message capacity promoted it is bigger, the trend of this calculated result meets the physical knowledge in terms of engineering, but exactly at present
Mobile communication engineering field lacks the method quantitatively calculated, and the present invention provides the quantitative calculation methods.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity, which is characterized in that the method passes through calculating
The physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process is obtained, and calculates and obtains beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna
The negentropy of system；Wireless communication capacity is assessed using the negentropy of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system,
Wherein, it is increased to be equal to the wireless communication capacity for the negentropy of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system
Multiple,
Wherein, the calculating of the physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process specifically:
By antenna radiation pattern functionAs probability density function, using the electromagnetic wave of macroscopic view as the collection of microcosmic photon
It closes, then the photon emitted from antenna falls on angleProbability density on corresponding one small angular domain face element is
The physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process are as follows:
In formula: HGFor the physics entropy of beam-shaped antenna during the launch process；For antenna radiation pattern function；θ is to sit
The vertical angle of system is marked,It is the horizontal angle of coordinate system, truth of a matter α chooses any one in 10,2 or natural logrithm e as needed；
When α is 10, the dimension of calculated result is dB；When α is natural logrithm e, the dimension of calculated result is Np；When α is 2, meter
The dimension for calculating result is bit.
2. a kind of method that assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The distribution space volume of the independent variable of the probability density function is v, then when p (x, y) is 1/v, beam-shaped antenna is being sent out
Physics entropy entropy during penetrating is maximum and is equal to logαv；Wherein, the distribution space of the independent variable of the probability density function
Volume v is one-dimensional, the two-dimentional or three-dimensional and three-dimensional above hyperspace；X, independent variable where y indicates a probability distribution
Coordinate system variable, p (x, y) indicate the probability density function of the probability distribution；
Calculate the physics entropy of ideal omnidirectional antenna antenna pattern, the physics entropy etc. of the ideal omnidirectional antenna antenna pattern
In logα4 π are the maximum values in the physics entropy of all beam-shaped antenna antenna patterns；
The negentropy H of the beam-shaped antenna relative ideal omnidirectional antenna systemRAre as follows:
HR=HG-logα4π。
3. a kind of method that assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
For the fixed beam base station antenna system of three sectors, the angle domain which can point at is limited, then three sectors are consolidated
The negentropy H of the relative ideal omnidirectional antenna system of standing wave beam base station antenna system3sectors[dB] statement are as follows:
In formula, dB is log unit, and a is elliptic domain and horizontal angleThe upper limit of axis intersection, b are that elliptic domain and vertical angle θ axis intersect
The upper limit；AsThe area of spherical surface of covering can be traversed on unit ball for the fixed beam base station antenna system of three sector.
4. a kind of method that assessment antenna beam figuration promotes wireless communication capacity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
When assessing wireless communication capacity, the link distribution of base station-user is considered；
Assuming that in spherical coordinate system, the link distribution density function of base station-user isThen
In formula,For antenna radiation pattern function,For the pattern function of link weight；
It is rightNormalized is done, that is, is set:
In formula: KGLFor the normalization factor of the pattern function of link weight；
Then:
In formula:For the pattern function of normalized link weight；
At this point, when considering the link distribution of base station-user, the beam-shaped antenna is opposite when assessing wireless communication capacity
The negentropy of ideal omnidirectional antenna system are as follows:
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| CN101192869A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multi-service wave bundle shaping method for wireless communication system |
| CN104113921A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-22 | 山东科技大学 | MIMO-EDM wireless communication system and method |
| CN105703812A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 西安交通大学 | A downlink precoding and base station power control method in a pilot frequency time shifting large-scale MIMO system |
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| CN101192869A (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multi-service wave bundle shaping method for wireless communication system |
| CN101192869B (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2011-06-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multi-service wave bundle shaping method for wireless communication system |
| CN104113921A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-22 | 山东科技大学 | MIMO-EDM wireless communication system and method |
| CN105703812A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 西安交通大学 | A downlink precoding and base station power control method in a pilot frequency time shifting large-scale MIMO system |
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Effective date of registration: 20211227 Address after: 100191 No. 40, Haidian District, Beijing, Xueyuan Road Patentee after: CHINA ACADEMY OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Address before: 100191 No. 52 Garden North Road, Beijing, Haidian District Patentee before: CHINA ACADEME OF TELECOMMUNICATION RESEARCH OF MIIT |