CN107392603B - Transaction method and apparatus using digital money - Google Patents

Transaction method and apparatus using digital money Download PDF

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CN107392603B
CN107392603B CN201710495156.5A CN201710495156A CN107392603B CN 107392603 B CN107392603 B CN 107392603B CN 201710495156 A CN201710495156 A CN 201710495156A CN 107392603 B CN107392603 B CN 107392603B
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currency
transaction
amount
ciphertext
payment
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CN107392603A (en
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姚前
狄刚
钱友才
黄烈明
陈海波
赵新宇
王继伟
张大伟
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Digital Currency Institute of the Peoples Bank of China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G06Q20/363—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes with the personal data of a user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G06Q20/367—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes involving electronic purses or money safes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
    • G06Q20/3829—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction involving key management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/401—Transaction verification

Abstract

The invention discloses a transaction method and a transaction device using digital currency, and relates to the technical field of computers. One embodiment of the method comprises: in the process of receiving and paying transactions based on the distributed account book technology, the payment end encrypts plaintext amount related in the transactions to obtain ciphertext amount and generates corresponding verification information for verifying or decrypting the ciphertext amount. The implementation mode solves the technical problem that funds are difficult to keep secret in the existing distributed account book technology, and achieves the technical effects of guaranteeing cooperative sharing and protecting transaction privacy.

Description

Transaction method and apparatus using digital money
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a transaction method and a transaction device using digital currency.
Background
The blockchain is a novel distributed technology, a protocol maker formulates and publishes rules before a system runs, a client following the protocol is developed, then a plurality of organizations or individuals serve as nodes to be connected with each other and run the client, data which are generated by malicious nodes and do not conform to the protocol can be discarded by other honest nodes, a general ledger is maintained by adopting the method of adversarial consensus, and the assumption that no centralized right organization or individual can falsify the initial protocol is achieved.
The application scenario of the first block chain is bitcoin, which realizes a currency system that specifies the issuing rule and transfer logic in advance, the source of the currency issuing is the outbound reward Coinbase of the accounting node, and the transfer logic is called an Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) model. Assuming that the user a currently has currencies a1 (y 5), a2 (y 4) and A3 (y 1), the sources of these currencies are from the bonus lump, and the user a wishes to transfer 7 dollars to the user B, the user a collects the currencies in his hands, finds a combination of 7 or more, initiates a transaction with a1 and a2 as inputs (input), and a change currency a4 (y 2) and a new currency B1 (y 7) as outputs (output), i.e., a1 (y 5) + a2 (y 4) ═ a4 (y 2) + B1 (y 7), and this equation relationship needs to be verified first by the accounting node, and after passing and writing into the block chain, a1 and a2 become spent currencies, and a4 and B1 become new unspent currencies which can be used as inputs of the structure of the future.
Since the accounting node needs to verify whether each transaction has negative value currency, whether excess transfer occurs, whether currency creation exists, and the like, the blockchain system represented by bitcoin selects to store the unused currency information of all users in plain text, and the newly generated currency information in the transaction also needs plain text statement, so that the node can verify the input and output equivalent relation of all UTXOs.
However, in the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: in real life, the amount of point-to-point transactions among users (enterprises or individuals) generally has a privacy requirement, and the total balance of the users in the system also has a privacy requirement. The traditional centralized scheme can conveniently set data access authority without cooperative accounting, can well solve the privacy problem, but a user still wants to store other documents and data cooperated by multiple parties by virtue of the advantages of distributed technologies such as block chains and the like for cooperative accounting, and a complete service closed loop needs funds to participate in real-time clearing and settlement, so that the problem that cooperative sharing and transaction privacy cannot coexist is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a transaction method and apparatus using digital currency, which can implement encryption of transaction amount during a transaction using digital currency, so as to protect privacy interests of a user.
To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a transaction method using digital money, including:
the payment end encrypts the received plaintext transaction amount to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount and generates first verification information for verifying the ciphertext transaction amount;
the payment terminal calculates the plaintext change amount according to the plaintext transaction amount and the currency list, encrypts the plaintext change amount to obtain a ciphertext change amount, and then generates second verification information for verifying the ciphertext change amount;
the payment terminal generates a payment request and broadcasts the payment request; the payment request comprises the ciphertext transaction amount, the first verification information, the ciphertext change amount and the second verification information;
after receiving the payment request, the node confirms that the cipher text transaction amount accords with the rule according to the first verification information, confirms that the cipher text change amount accords with the rule according to the second verification information, and then stores the payment request to a block chain.
In some optional embodiments, the step of encrypting the received plaintext transaction amount by the payment end to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount comprises:
the payment terminal generates a transaction private key used for the payment;
the payment terminal stores the base point value, and uses the base point encryption algorithm to encrypt and calculate the base point value and then obtains a base point check value;
the payment terminal calculates the cipher text transaction amount according to a formula q ═ xG + mH; wherein q is the ciphertext transaction amount, x is the transaction private key, m is the received plaintext transaction amount, G is the base point value, and H is the base point verification value.
In some of the alternative embodiments, the first and second,
the first authentication information comprises a first transaction proof;
the step that the payment terminal generates first verification information for verifying the cryptograph transaction amount comprises the following steps:
the payment terminal carries out binary splitting on the plaintext transaction amount m according to a preset digit n to obtain
Figure BDA0001332419450000031
Wherein m isi＝2iOr mi0, i represents an index bit, and 0 ≦ i < n;
the payment terminal randomly splits the transaction private key x according to a preset number n to obtain
Figure BDA0001332419450000032
Wherein x0To xn-2Are all generated at random and are all generated at random,
Figure BDA0001332419450000033
the payer end, for each index bit, is based on P (x)i,mi)＝xiG+miH and P (x)i,mi-ki)＝xiG+(mi-ki) H calculates P (x)i,mi) And P (x)i,mi-ki) (ii) a Wherein k isi＝2i；
The paying end uses the x for each index bitiThe P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) Generate ring signature S of the index biti；
The payment terminal will transmit all the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said SiStitching is performed to obtain the first proof of transaction.
In some optional embodiments, the step of the node confirming that the ciphertext transaction amount meets the rule according to the first verification information comprises:
the node disassembles the first transaction certificate to obtain all the index bits and the P(xi,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said Si；
Node confirms for each of the index bits, the SiIs the P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) And confirming that P (x) is satisfied for each of the index bitsi,mi)-P(xi,mi-ki)＝kiH, then confirm that
Figure BDA0001332419450000041
To confirm that the cryptograph transaction amount meets the rules; wherein k isi＝2i。
In some of the alternative embodiments, the first and second,
the first authentication information comprises a first communication message;
the step that the payment terminal generates first verification information for verifying the cryptograph transaction amount comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a payment end generates a payment end fixed private key, a collection end fixed public key is obtained, the product of the payment end fixed private key and the collection end fixed public key is encrypted and calculated by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain a shared key, then the plaintext transaction amount and the transaction private key are spliced, and the spliced result is encrypted and calculated by using the shared key to generate the first communication message.
In some optional embodiments, the step of the payer calculating the clear text change amount according to the clear text transaction amount and the currency list comprises:
and the payment end selects the digital currency with the payee as the payment end and the total clear text amount greater than or equal to the clear text transaction amount from the currency list, then the digital currency forms a currency subset, and the clear text transaction amount is subtracted from the total clear text amount to obtain the clear text change amount.
In some optional embodiments, the payment request includes a transaction currency and a change making currency, the transaction currency includes the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency includes the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the payment request further includes a transfer data structure;
before the step of generating the payment request by the payment terminal, the method further comprises the following steps:
the payment end generates a transfer data structure containing the hash value of the transaction currency, the hash value of the change currency, and the hash values of each digital currency in the subset of currency.
In some of the alternative embodiments, the first and second,
before the step of updating the currency list by the node according to the payment request, the method further comprises the following steps: the node establishes a currency list for storing currency, currency hash values and corresponding relations of the currency and the currency hash values; the currency list comprises an unconsumed currency list, a confirmed medium currency list and a spent currency list;
before the step of the node storing the payment request to the blockchain, the method further comprises the following steps: the node looks up and confirms that the digital currency in the currency subset is stored in the list of the unspent currencies according to the hash value of the digital currency in the currency subset, and confirms that the sum of the ciphertext transaction amount and the ciphertext change amount is equal to the total ciphertext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset.
To achieve the above object, according to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a transaction apparatus using digital money, including:
the transaction amount encryption module is used for encrypting the received plaintext transaction amount to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount;
the first verification information generation module is used for generating first verification information used for verifying the cryptograph transaction amount;
the change-making amount calculation module is used for calculating the plaintext change-making amount according to the plaintext transaction amount and the currency list;
the change-making amount encryption module is used for encrypting the plaintext change-making amount to obtain a ciphertext change-making amount;
the second verification information generation module is used for generating second verification information used for verifying the ciphertext change-making amount;
the payment request sending module is used for generating a payment request and broadcasting the payment request; the payment request comprises the ciphertext transaction amount, the first verification information, the ciphertext change amount and the second verification information.
In some optional embodiments, the transaction amount encryption module is further to: generating a transaction private key used for the payment; storing a base point value, and carrying out encryption calculation on the base point value by using a base point encryption algorithm to obtain a base point check value; calculating the cipher text transaction amount according to a formula q ═ xG + mH; wherein q is the ciphertext transaction amount, x is the transaction private key, m is the received plaintext transaction amount, G is the base point value, and H is the base point verification value.
In some of the alternative embodiments, the first and second,
the first authentication information comprises a first transaction proof;
the first verification information generation module is further configured to: carrying out binary splitting on the plaintext transaction amount m according to a preset digit n to obtain
Figure BDA0001332419450000061
Wherein m isi＝2iOr mi0, i represents an index bit, and 0 ≦ i < n; randomly splitting the transaction private key x according to a preset digit n to obtain the transaction private key x
Figure BDA0001332419450000062
Wherein x0To xn-2Are all generated at random and are all generated at random,
Figure BDA0001332419450000063
for each index bit, according to P (x)i,mi)＝xiG+miH and P (x)i,mi-ki)＝xiG+(mi-ki) H calculates P (x)i,mi) And P (x)i,mi-ki) (ii) a Wherein k isi＝2i(ii) a For each of the index bits, using thexiThe P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) Generate ring signature S of the index biti(ii) a All the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said SiStitching is performed to obtain the first proof of transaction.
In some of the alternative embodiments, the first and second,
the first authentication information comprises a first communication message;
the first verification information generation module is further configured to: generating a fixed private key of a payment end, acquiring a fixed public key of a collection end, carrying out encryption calculation on the product of the fixed private key of the payment end and the fixed public key of the collection end by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain a shared key, splicing the plaintext transaction amount with the transaction private key, and carrying out encryption calculation on the spliced result by using the shared key to generate the first communication message.
In some optional embodiments, the change amount calculation module is further configured to: and selecting the digital currency with the payee as the payment end and the total clear text amount greater than or equal to the clear text transaction amount from the currency list, forming a currency subset, and subtracting the clear text transaction amount from the total clear text amount to obtain the clear text change amount.
In some optional embodiments, the payment request includes a transaction currency and a change making currency, the transaction currency includes the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency includes the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the payment request further includes a transfer data structure;
the device further comprises:
and the transfer data structure generating module is used for generating a transfer data structure containing the hash value of the transaction currency, the hash value of the change currency and the hash value of each digital currency in the currency subset.
To achieve the above object, according to still another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a transaction apparatus using digital money, including:
a payment request receiving module for receiving a payment request; the payment request comprises a ciphertext transaction amount, first verification information, a ciphertext change making amount and second verification information;
the transaction amount verification module is used for confirming that the ciphertext transaction amount accords with the rule according to the first verification information;
the change amount verification module is used for confirming that the ciphertext change amount accords with the rule according to the second verification information;
a payment request chaining module for storing the payment request to a blockchain.
In some of the alternative embodiments, the first and second,
the first authentication information comprises a first transaction proof;
the transaction amount verification module is further configured to: splitting the first transaction certificate to obtain all index bits i, P (x)i,mi)、P(xi,mi-ki) And Si(ii) a Confirming that for each of the index bits, the SiIs the P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) And confirming that P (x) is satisfied for each of the index bitsi,mi)-P(xi,mi-ki)＝kiH, then confirm that
Figure BDA0001332419450000071
To confirm that the cryptograph transaction amount meets the rules; wherein q is the cryptogram transaction amount, ki＝2i。
In some optional embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a currency list establishment module and a currency list validation module, wherein,
the currency list establishing module is used for establishing a currency list for storing currency, currency hash values and corresponding relations of the currency and the currency hash values; the currency list comprises an unconsumed currency list, a confirmed medium currency list and a spent currency list;
the payment request comprises transaction currency and change making currency, the transaction currency comprises the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency comprises the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the transfer data structure including a hash value of the transaction currency, the transfer data structure further including a hash value of the change currency and a hash value of the digital currency within the currency subset;
the currency list validation module is to: and searching and confirming that the transaction currency is stored in the confirmed currency list according to the hash value of the transaction currency, searching and confirming that the currency in the currency subset is stored in the unspent currency list according to the hash value of the digital currency in the currency subset, and confirming that the sum of the ciphertext transaction amount and the ciphertext change amount is equal to the total ciphertext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset.
To achieve the above object, according to still another aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored therein, wherein the computer instructions are executable by a computer or a computer system, thereby enabling the computer or the computer system to execute the transaction method using digital money.
One embodiment of the above invention has the following advantages or benefits: in the payment transaction process based on the distributed account book technology, the payment end encrypts plaintext amount related in the transaction to obtain ciphertext amount, generates corresponding verification information and is used for verifying or decrypting the ciphertext amount, so that the technical problem that funds in the existing distributed account book technology are difficult to keep secret is solved, and the technical effects of guaranteeing cooperative sharing and protecting transaction privacy are achieved.
Further effects of the above-mentioned non-conventional alternatives will be described below in connection with the embodiments.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of main steps of a transaction method using digital money according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of main modules of a transaction apparatus using digital money according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of main modules of a transaction apparatus using digital money according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various details of embodiments of the invention are included to assist understanding, and which are to be considered as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of main steps of a transaction method using digital money according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a transaction method using digital money according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s10, the payment end encrypts the received plaintext transaction amount to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount, and generates first verification information for verifying the ciphertext transaction amount.
S11, the payment terminal calculates the plaintext change amount according to the plaintext transaction amount and the currency list, encrypts the plaintext change amount to obtain a ciphertext change amount, and then generates second verification information for verifying the ciphertext change amount.
S12, the payment terminal generates a payment request and broadcasts the payment request; the payment request comprises the ciphertext transaction amount, the first verification information, the ciphertext change amount and the second verification information.
And S13, after receiving the payment request, the node confirms that the ciphertext transaction amount accords with the rule according to the first verification information, confirms that the ciphertext change amount accords with the rule according to the second verification information, and then stores the payment request in a block chain.
In some optional embodiments, a payment timestamp is also included in the payment request. The payment request also includes a payee address and a payer address for ease of sending and receiving and recording. For identification purposes, the payment request is signed by the payment end using a payment end fixed private key before broadcast.
As can be seen from the above, in the embodiment of the present invention, in the payment transaction process based on the distributed ledger technology, the payment end encrypts the plaintext amount involved in the transaction to obtain the ciphertext amount, and generates the corresponding verification message to perform the technical means of verifying or decrypting the ciphertext amount, so that the technical problem that the fund in the existing distributed ledger technology is difficult to keep secret is overcome, and the technical effects of ensuring cooperative sharing and protecting the transaction privacy are achieved.
In some optional embodiments, the step of encrypting the received plaintext transaction amount by the payment end to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount comprises:
the payment terminal generates a transaction private key used for the payment;
the payment terminal stores the base point value, and uses the base point encryption algorithm to encrypt and calculate the base point value and then obtains a base point check value;
the payment terminal calculates the cipher text transaction amount according to a formula q ═ xG + mH; wherein q is the ciphertext transaction amount, x is the transaction private key, m is the received plaintext transaction amount, G is the base point value, and H is the base point verification value.
The Base point encryption algorithm may be, for example, the SHA256 algorithm, the RIPEMD-160 algorithm, or the Base58 encoding, etc. The basic point encryption algorithm aims to obtain a public key of an unknown private key, namely a basic point verification value H, by calculation through a preset basic point value G; the base check value H obtained by using a hash algorithm such as SHA256 is relatively confident, but other algorithms that achieve the same or similar effect may be used. The base point encryption algorithm needs to ensure that there is no simple correspondence between H and G, which is obtained by calculation, and H ═ kG, so that when q ═ xG + mH is known, the values of x and m have unique solutions.
In some optional embodiments, the first verification information comprises a first proof of transaction;
the step that the payment terminal generates first verification information for verifying the cryptograph transaction amount comprises the following steps:
the payment terminal carries out binary splitting on the plaintext transaction amount m according to a preset digit n to obtain
Figure BDA0001332419450000111
Wherein m isi＝2iOr mi0, i represents an index bit, and 0 ≦ i < n;
the payment terminal randomly splits the transaction private key x according to a preset number n to obtain
Figure BDA0001332419450000112
Wherein x0To xn-2Are all generated at random and are all generated at random,
Figure BDA0001332419450000113
during splitting, the larger the preset digit n is, the higher the encryption degree is, but the calculation cost is also increased, and the redundant digits do not have practical applicability, so that the value of n is usually more suitable at 64, and 32 or 128 can be selected according to the situation;
the payer end, for each index bit, is based on P (x)i,mi)＝xiG+miH and P (x)i,mi-ki)＝xiG+(mi-ki) H calculates P (x)i,mi) And P (x)i,mi-ki) (ii) a Wherein k isi＝2i；
The paying end uses the x for each index bitiThe P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) Generate ring signature S of the index biti；
The payment terminal will transmit all the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said SiStitching is performed to obtain the first proof of transaction.
In some optional embodiments, the step of the node confirming that the ciphertext transaction amount meets the rule according to the first verification information comprises:
the node disassembles the first transaction certificate to obtain all the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said Si；
Node confirms for each of the index bits, the SiIs the P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) And confirming that P (x) is satisfied for each of the index bitsi,mi)-P(xi,mi-ki)＝kiH, then confirm that
Figure BDA0001332419450000114
To confirm that the cryptograph transaction amount meets the rules; wherein k isi＝2i。
In some optional embodiments, the first authentication information comprises a first communication message;
the step that the payment terminal generates first verification information for verifying the cryptograph transaction amount comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a payment end generates a payment end fixed private key, a collection end fixed public key is obtained, the product of the payment end fixed private key and the collection end fixed public key is encrypted and calculated by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain a shared key, then the plaintext transaction amount and the transaction private key are spliced, and the spliced result is encrypted and calculated by using the shared key to generate the first communication message.
When the receiving end needs to decrypt the cipher text transaction amount according to the first verification information, the base point value is stored, and the base point value is encrypted and calculated by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain the base point verification value; generating a fixed private key of a collection end, acquiring a fixed public key of a payment end, carrying out encryption calculation on the product of the fixed private key of the collection end and the fixed public key of the payment end by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain a shared key, and then splitting the result of carrying out decryption calculation on the first communication message by using the shared key to obtain the plaintext transaction amount.
In some optional embodiments, the step of the payer calculating the clear text change amount according to the clear text transaction amount and the currency list comprises:
and the payment end selects the digital currency with the payee as the payment end and the total clear text amount greater than or equal to the clear text transaction amount from the currency list, then the digital currency forms a currency subset, and the clear text transaction amount is subtracted from the total clear text amount to obtain the clear text change amount. It should be noted that, if the total plaintext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset is equal to the plaintext transaction amount, the calculated plaintext change amount is zero; in this case, the subsequent processing may still be performed according to a method in which the plaintext change amount is not 0, or an individual determination condition may be set, and the plaintext change amount and the content related thereto appearing subsequently may not be processed any more. If the subsequent processing is carried out according to the method that the plaintext change amount is not 0, the verification of the node in the subsequent step on the ciphertext transaction amount, the ciphertext change amount and the plaintext total amount of the digital currency in the currency subset can be kept consistent, and the integrity and the safety of the method can be improved.
In some optional embodiments, the payment request includes a transaction currency and a change making currency, the transaction currency includes the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency includes the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the payment request further includes a transfer data structure;
before the step of generating the payment request by the payment terminal, the method further comprises the following steps:
the payment end generates a transfer data structure containing the hash value of the transaction currency, the hash value of the change currency, and the hash values of each digital currency in the subset of currency.
The generation and use of the second authentication information refers to the first authentication information. It should be noted that, when the second verification information is generated, the payment end generates the payment transaction private key used for the current payment, in some other embodiments, in order to meet the verification condition, the payment transaction private key also meets a certain condition, which is described in the following embodiments; and if the second communication message needs to be generated, the payment terminal encrypts and generates the second communication message according to the fixed private key of the payment order and the fixed public key of the payment terminal and by referring to the generation mode of the first verification message.
In some of the alternative embodiments, the first and second,
before the step of updating the currency list by the node according to the payment request, the method further comprises the following steps: the node establishes a currency list for storing currency, currency hash values and corresponding relations of the currency and the currency hash values; the currency list comprises an unconsumed currency list, a confirmed medium currency list and a spent currency list;
before the step of the node storing the payment request to the blockchain, the method further comprises the following steps: and the node searches and confirms the transaction currency stored in the confirmed currency list according to the hash value of the transaction currency, searches and confirms the digital currency in the currency subset stored in the unspent currency list according to the hash value of the digital currency in the currency subset, and confirms that the sum of the cryptograph transaction amount and the cryptograph change amount is equal to the cryptograph total amount of the digital currency in the currency subset.
In this embodiment, since it is determined that the sum of the ciphertext transaction amount and the ciphertext change amount is equal to the total ciphertext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset, when the total plaintext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset is equal to the plaintext transaction amount, that is, the value of the plaintext change amount is 0, the plaintext change amount is still encrypted by referring to the method for encrypting the plaintext transaction amount; in addition, when the plaintext change amount is encrypted, a payment transaction private key is generated by a payment end, the generation mode of the payment transaction private key is different from the generation mode of the transaction private key by a collection end, the payment transaction private key is not randomly generated, and the result obtained by subtracting the transaction private key of the payment end from the sum of the transaction private keys of the digital currencies in the currency subset is used as the payment transaction private key of the payment end, so that the sum of the ciphertext transaction amount and the ciphertext change amount can still meet the requirement that the total ciphertext amount of the digital currencies in the currency subset is equal to the total ciphertext amount of the digital currencies in the currency subset when the plaintext change amount is 0, and the verification process is.
In some optional embodiments, after the step of storing the payment request in the blockchain, the node further comprises: and the node stores the transaction currency and the hash value thereof in the list of the unconsumed currency, searches the currency in the currency subset according to the hash value of the digital currency in the currency subset, then moves the currency and the hash value thereof in the currency subset from the list of the unconsumed currency to the list of the spent currency, and stores the change currency and the hash value thereof in the list of the unconsumed currency.
It should be noted that, if any user needs to query the account balance of itself, the money whose payee address is the address of itself in the unspent money list of the money list may be collected, the shared key of each money is calculated one by one according to the public keys of the money payers, and the ciphertext amounts in the money are decrypted respectively by using the shared key to obtain the plaintext amount of each money, and the account balance of itself may be obtained by adding the plaintext amounts.
In some alternative embodiments, the data structures for the transaction currency, change currency, and digital currency are shown in Table 1:
table 1 currency data structure table
Field(s) Abbreviations Type (B) Explanation of the invention
AddressFrom Dx Address Payer address
AddressTo Dx Address Payee address
Money q Public key Amount of cipher text
Proof f Bytes Transaction proof
Message c Bytes Communicating messages
Timestamp s Time Millisecond time stamp
In some alternative embodiments, the data structure of the transaction certificate is shown in table 2:
table 2 transaction verification data structure table
Figure BDA0001332419450000141
Figure BDA0001332419450000151
In some alternative embodiments, the alternative data structures of the transfer data structure are shown in Table 3:
table 3 transfer data structure table
Field(s) Type (B) Explanation of the invention
Inputs Hash list Inputting currency hash lists
Outputs Hash list Exporting currency hash lists
Wherein the input currency hash list comprises hash values of digital currencies in the currency subset; the output currency hash list comprises the hash value of the transaction currency and also comprises the hash value of the change currency when the change exists.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of main modules of a transaction apparatus using digital money according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the transaction apparatus 200 using digital currency according to the embodiment of the present invention is mainly applied to a user side having a payment function, and includes:
a transaction amount encryption module 201, configured to encrypt the received plaintext transaction amount to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount;
a first verification information generation module 202, configured to generate first verification information used for verifying the ciphertext transaction amount;
the change amount calculation module 203 is used for calculating the plaintext change amount according to the plaintext transaction amount and the currency list;
a change-making amount encryption module 204 for encrypting the plaintext change-making amount to obtain a ciphertext change-making amount;
a second verification information generation module 205, configured to generate second verification information for verifying the ciphertext change-making amount;
a payment request sending module 206 for generating a payment request and broadcasting the payment request; the payment request comprises the ciphertext transaction amount, the first verification information, the ciphertext change amount and the second verification information.
In some optional embodiments, the transaction amount encryption module 201 is further configured to:
generating a transaction private key used for the payment; storing a base point value, and carrying out encryption calculation on the base point value by using a base point encryption algorithm to obtain a base point check value; calculating the cipher text transaction amount according to a formula q ═ xG + mH; wherein q is the ciphertext transaction amount, x is the transaction private key, m is the received plaintext transaction amount, G is the base point value, and H is the base point verification value.
In some optional embodiments, the first verification information comprises a first proof of transaction;
the first verification information generation module 202 is further configured to: the plain text is writtenThe transaction amount m is subjected to binary splitting according to a preset digit n to obtain
Figure BDA0001332419450000161
Wherein m isi＝2iOr mi0, i represents an index bit, and 0 ≦ i < n; randomly splitting the transaction private key x according to a preset digit n to obtain the transaction private key x
Figure BDA0001332419450000162
Wherein x0To xn-2Are all generated at random and are all generated at random,
Figure BDA0001332419450000163
for each index bit, according to P (x)i,mi)＝xiG+miH and P (x)i,mi-ki)＝xiG+(mi-ki) H calculates P (x)i,mi) And P (x)i,mi-ki) (ii) a Wherein k isi＝2i(ii) a For each of the index bits, using the xiThe P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) Generate ring signature S of the index biti(ii) a All the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said SiStitching is performed to obtain the first proof of transaction.
In some optional embodiments, the first authentication information comprises a first communication message;
the first verification information generation module 202 is further configured to: generating a fixed private key of a payment end, acquiring a fixed public key of a collection end, carrying out encryption calculation on the product of the fixed private key of the payment end and the fixed public key of the collection end by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain a shared key, splicing the plaintext transaction amount with the transaction private key, and carrying out encryption calculation on the spliced result by using the shared key to generate the first communication message.
In some optional embodiments, the change amount calculation module 203 is further configured to: and selecting the digital currency with the payee as the payment end and the total clear text amount greater than or equal to the clear text transaction amount from the currency list, forming a currency subset, and subtracting the clear text transaction amount from the total clear text amount to obtain the clear text change amount.
In some optional embodiments, the payment request includes a transaction currency and a change making currency, the transaction currency includes the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency includes the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the payment request further includes a transfer data structure;
the device further comprises:
a transfer data structure generation module 207 for generating a transfer data structure containing the hash value of the transaction currency, the hash value of the change currency and the hash values of the respective digital currencies of the subset of currencies.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of main modules of a transaction apparatus using digital money according to another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention provides a transaction apparatus 300 using digital currency, which is mainly applied to a node with a verification function, including:
a payment request receiving module 301, configured to receive a payment request; the payment request comprises a ciphertext transaction amount, first verification information, a ciphertext change making amount and second verification information;
a transaction amount verification module 302, configured to confirm that the ciphertext transaction amount meets a rule according to the first verification information;
a change amount verification module 303, configured to confirm that the ciphertext change amount conforms to a rule according to the second verification information;
a payment request chaining module 304 for storing the payment request to the blockchain.
In some optional embodiments, the first verification information comprises a first proof of transaction;
the transaction amount verification module 302 alsoFor: splitting the first transaction certificate to obtain all index bits i, P (x)i,mi)、P(xi,mi-ki) And Si(ii) a Confirming that for each of the index bits, the SiIs the P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) And confirming that P (x) is satisfied for each of the index bitsi,mi)-P(xi,mi-ki)＝kiH, then confirm that
Figure BDA0001332419450000181
To confirm that the cryptograph transaction amount meets the rules; wherein q is the cryptogram transaction amount, ki＝2i。
In some alternative embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a currency list creation module 305 and a currency list validation module 306, wherein,
the currency list establishing module 305 is configured to establish a currency list for storing currency, a currency hash value, and a corresponding relationship therebetween; the currency list comprises an unconsumed currency list, a confirmed medium currency list and a spent currency list;
the payment request comprises transaction currency and change making currency, the transaction currency comprises the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency comprises the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the transfer data structure including a hash value of the transaction currency, the transfer data structure further including a hash value of the change currency and a hash value of the digital currency within the currency subset;
the currency list validation module 306 is configured to: looking up and confirming that the currency in the currency subset is stored in the list of unspent currencies based on the hash values of the digital currency in the currency subset, and confirming that the sum of the ciphertext transaction amount and the ciphertext change amount is equal to the total ciphertext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can occur, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A transaction method using digital money, comprising:
the payment end encrypts the received plaintext transaction amount to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount and generates first verification information for verifying the ciphertext transaction amount;
the payment terminal calculates the plaintext change amount according to the plaintext transaction amount and the currency list, encrypts the plaintext change amount to obtain a ciphertext change amount, and then generates second verification information for verifying the ciphertext change amount;
the payment terminal generates a payment request and broadcasts the payment request; the payment request comprises the ciphertext transaction amount, the first verification information, the ciphertext change amount and the second verification information;
after receiving the payment request, the node confirms that the cipher text transaction amount accords with the rule according to the first verification information, confirms that the cipher text change amount accords with the rule according to the second verification information, and then stores the payment request into a block chain;
the step of encrypting the received plaintext transaction amount by the payment end to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount comprises the following steps: the payment terminal generates a transaction private key used for the payment; the payment terminal stores the base point value, and uses the base point encryption algorithm to encrypt and calculate the base point value and then obtains a base point check value; the payment terminal calculates the cipher text transaction amount according to a formula q ═ xG + mH; wherein q is the ciphertext transaction amount, x is the transaction private key, m is the received plaintext transaction amount, G is the base point value, and H is the base point check value;
the first authentication information comprises a first transaction proof; payment side generationThe step of first authentication information for authenticating the ciphertext transaction amount includes: the payment terminal carries out binary splitting on the plaintext transaction amount m according to a preset digit n to obtain
Figure FDA0002899080450000011
Wherein m isi＝2iOr mi0, i represents an index bit, and 0 ≦ i < n; the payment terminal randomly splits the transaction private key x according to a preset number n to obtain
Figure FDA0002899080450000012
Wherein x0To xn-2Are all generated at random and are all generated at random,
Figure FDA0002899080450000013
the payer end, for each index bit, is based on P (x)i,mi)＝xiG+miH and P (x)i,mi-ki)＝xiG+(mi-ki) H calculates P (x)i,mi) And P (x)i,mi-ki) (ii) a Wherein k isi＝2i(ii) a The paying end uses the x for each index bitiThe P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) Generate ring signature S of the index biti(ii) a The payment terminal will transmit all the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said SiStitching is performed to obtain the first proof of transaction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of the node confirming that the ciphertext transaction amount complies with the rule based on the first verification information comprises:
the node disassembles the first transaction certificate to obtain all the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said Si；
Node confirms for each of the index bits, the SiIs the P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) And confirming that P (x) is satisfied for each of the index bitsi,mi)-P(xi,mi-ki)＝kiH, then confirm that
Figure FDA0002899080450000021
To confirm that the cryptograph transaction amount meets the rules; wherein k isi＝2i。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first authentication information comprises a first communication message;
the step that the payment terminal generates first verification information for verifying the cryptograph transaction amount comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a payment end generates a payment end fixed private key, a collection end fixed public key is obtained, the product of the payment end fixed private key and the collection end fixed public key is encrypted and calculated by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain a shared key, then the plaintext transaction amount and the transaction private key are spliced, and the spliced result is encrypted and calculated by using the shared key to generate the first communication message.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of the payor calculating the clear text change amount based on the clear text transaction amount and the currency list comprises:
and the payment end selects the digital currency with the payee as the payment end and the total clear text amount greater than or equal to the clear text transaction amount from the currency list, then the digital currency forms a currency subset, and the clear text transaction amount is subtracted from the total clear text amount to obtain the clear text change amount.
5. The method of claim 4,
the payment request comprises transaction currency and change making currency, the transaction currency comprises the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency comprises the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the payment request further includes a transfer data structure;
before the step of generating the payment request by the payment terminal, the method further comprises the following steps:
the payment end generates a transfer data structure containing the hash value of the transaction currency, the hash value of the change currency, and the hash values of each digital currency in the subset of currency.
6. The method of claim 5,
before the step of updating the currency list by the node according to the payment request, the method further comprises the following steps: the node establishes a currency list for storing currency, currency hash values and corresponding relations of the currency and the currency hash values; the currency list comprises an unconsumed currency list, a confirmed medium currency list and a spent currency list;
before the step of the node storing the payment request to the blockchain, the method further comprises the following steps: the node looks up and confirms that the digital currency in the currency subset is stored in the list of the unspent currencies according to the hash value of the digital currency in the currency subset, and confirms that the sum of the ciphertext transaction amount and the ciphertext change amount is equal to the total ciphertext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset.
7. A transaction apparatus using digital money, comprising:
the transaction amount encryption module is used for encrypting the received plaintext transaction amount to obtain a ciphertext transaction amount;
the first verification information generation module is used for generating first verification information used for verifying the cryptograph transaction amount;
the change-making amount calculation module is used for calculating the plaintext change-making amount according to the plaintext transaction amount and the currency list;
the change-making amount encryption module is used for encrypting the plaintext change-making amount to obtain a ciphertext change-making amount;
the second verification information generation module is used for generating second verification information used for verifying the ciphertext change-making amount;
the payment request sending module is used for generating a payment request and broadcasting the payment request; the payment request comprises the ciphertext transaction amount, the first verification information, the ciphertext change amount and the second verification information;
wherein the transaction amount encryption module is further configured to: generating a transaction private key used for the payment; storing a base point value, and carrying out encryption calculation on the base point value by using a base point encryption algorithm to obtain a base point check value; calculating the cipher text transaction amount according to a formula q ═ xG + mH; wherein q is the ciphertext transaction amount, x is the transaction private key, m is the received plaintext transaction amount, G is the base point value, and H is the base point check value;
the first authentication information comprises a first transaction proof; the first verification information generation module is further configured to: carrying out binary splitting on the plaintext transaction amount m according to a preset digit n to obtain
Figure FDA0002899080450000041
Wherein m isi＝2iOr mi0, i represents an index bit, and 0 ≦ i < n; randomly splitting the transaction private key x according to a preset digit n to obtain the transaction private key x
Figure FDA0002899080450000042
Wherein x0To xn-2Are all generated at random and are all generated at random,
Figure FDA0002899080450000043
for each index bit, according to P (x)i,mi)＝xiG+miH and P (x)i,mi-ki)＝xiG+(mi-ki) H calculates P (x)i,mi) And P (x)i,mi-ki) (ii) a Wherein k isi＝2i(ii) a For each of the index bits, using the xiThe P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) Generate ring signature S of the index biti(ii) a All the index bits, the P (x)i,mi) The P (x)i,mi-ki) And said SiStitching is performed to obtain the first proof of transaction.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first authentication information comprises a first communication message;
the first verification information generation module is further configured to: generating a fixed private key of a payment end, acquiring a fixed public key of a collection end, carrying out encryption calculation on the product of the fixed private key of the payment end and the fixed public key of the collection end by using the base point encryption algorithm to obtain a shared key, splicing the plaintext transaction amount with the transaction private key, and carrying out encryption calculation on the spliced result by using the shared key to generate the first communication message.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the change amount calculation module is further configured to: and selecting the digital currency with the payee as the payment end and the total clear text amount greater than or equal to the clear text transaction amount from the currency list, forming a currency subset, and subtracting the clear text transaction amount from the total clear text amount to obtain the clear text change amount.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the payment request includes a transaction currency and a change currency, the transaction currency includes the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change currency includes the ciphertext change amount and the second verification information;
the payment request further includes a transfer data structure;
the device further comprises:
and the transfer data structure generating module is used for generating a transfer data structure containing the hash value of the transaction currency, the hash value of the change currency and the hash value of each digital currency in the currency subset.
11. A transaction apparatus using digital money, comprising:
a payment request receiving module for receiving a payment request; the payment request comprises a ciphertext transaction amount, first verification information, a ciphertext change making amount and second verification information;
the transaction amount verification module is used for confirming that the ciphertext transaction amount accords with the rule according to the first verification information;
the change amount verification module is used for confirming that the ciphertext change amount accords with the rule according to the second verification information;
a payment request chaining module for storing the payment request to a blockchain;
wherein the first authentication information comprises a first proof of transaction; the transaction amount verification module is further configured to: splitting the first transaction certificate to obtain all index bits i, P (x)i,mi)、P(xi,mi-ki) And SiI represents an index bit, and 0 ≦ i < n; p (x)i,mi)＝xiG+miH，P(xi,mi-ki)＝xiG+(mi-ki) H, x is a transaction private key, m is a plaintext transaction amount, G is a base point value, and H is a base point check value; confirming that for each of the index bits, the SiIs the P (x)i,mi) And said P (x)i,mi-ki) And confirming that P (x) is satisfied for each of the index bitsi,mi)-P(xi,mi-ki)＝kiH, then confirm that
Figure FDA0002899080450000051
To confirm that the cryptograph transaction amount meets the rules; wherein q is the cryptogram transaction amount, ki＝2i。
12. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a currency list creation module and a currency list validation module, wherein,
the currency list establishing module is used for establishing a currency list for storing currency, currency hash values and corresponding relations of the currency and the currency hash values; the currency list comprises an unconsumed currency list, a confirmed medium currency list and a spent currency list;
the payment request comprises transaction currency and change making currency, the transaction currency comprises the ciphertext transaction amount and the first verification information, and the change making currency comprises the ciphertext change making amount and the second verification information;
the transfer data structure includes a hash value of the transaction currency, a hash value of the change currency, and a hash value of the digital currency within the currency subset; the currency subset consists of digital currencies which are selected as a payee from the currency list by the payer and have the total clear text amount greater than or equal to the clear text transaction amount;
the currency list validation module is to: looking up and confirming that the currency in the currency subset is stored in the list of unspent currencies based on the hash values of the digital currency in the currency subset, and confirming that the sum of the ciphertext transaction amount and the ciphertext change amount is equal to the total ciphertext amount of the digital currency in the currency subset.
13. A computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions being executable by a computer or a computer system to cause the computer or computer system to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.
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