CN107391806B - Plasma waste gasification furnace, processing method thereof and computer storage medium - Google Patents
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009272 plasma gasification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002924 energy minimization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a plasma waste gasification furnace, a processing method thereof and a computer storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating Gibbs free energy of a system of a plasma waste gasification furnace under the condition that the temperature in the gasification furnace is T; determining the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace based on the Gibbs free energy minimization principle; calculating the total energy of the system before reaction and the total energy after reaction according to the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace; and judging whether the assumed temperature is correct or not according to the difference value of the total energy before the reaction and the total energy after the reaction. Therefore, the comparison of the total energy before and after the reaction, the temperature of the output reaction and the components and the content of the materials can be used as the reference of the process design of the gasification furnace, for example, the working power of the gasification furnace can be designed based on the output.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of household garbage incineration power generation, in particular to a plasma garbage gasification furnace, a processing method thereof and a computer storage medium.
Background
With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, the yield of municipal refuse is continuously increased. The common treatment methods of urban garbage include landfill method, composting method and incineration method, but the existing garbage incinerator reacts under the condition of oxygen enrichment, the gas products are mainly carbon dioxide and water, and the calorific value is very low. And harmful substances such as dioxin and the like are easily generated in the incineration process, inorganic substances are mainly converted into fly ash and bottom slag and are difficult to treat, so that the conventional methods cannot realize the complete treatment of garbage. The plasma gasification method is a cleaner, more efficient and more economical treatment method. The plasma gasification method for treating the municipal refuse has the advantages of high temperature, high enthalpy, high reaction activity and the like, organic matters are converted into combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the like, the calorific value is high, inorganic matters are converted into molten substances, and glass bodies can be formed to be used as building materials. The reduction, harmlessness and reclamation of the garbage can be realized, so the plasma gasification method is a cleaner, efficient and economic garbage treatment method. In the plasma gasification process, various components in the gasification furnace are constantly changing, so that a reference for the process design of the gasification furnace is urgently needed to ensure the treatment of the garbage in the gasification process.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems. The invention provides a plasma waste gasification furnace, a processing method thereof and a computer storage medium, provides a dynamic balance modeling method of the plasma waste gasification furnace, and can provide reference for the process design of the gasification furnace.
The invention provides a treatment method of a plasma garbage gasification furnace, which comprises the following steps:
calculating Gibbs free energy (Gibbs) of a system of a plasma refuse gasifier, assuming a temperature T in the gasifier;
determining the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace based on the Gibbs free energy minimization principle;
calculating the total energy of the system before reaction and the total energy after reaction according to the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace;
and judging whether the assumed temperature is correct or not according to the difference value of the total energy before the reaction and the total energy after the reaction.
Exemplarily, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the absolute value of the difference value is larger than or equal to a preset error value, the processing method is executed again;
and if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than the preset error value, outputting the assumed temperature and the components and the content of the material.
Illustratively, the total energy prior to the reaction is the sum of the energies of all the components of the material minus the energy of the solid inert material.
Illustratively, the energy of the solid inert material is represented as:
Qs＝cm(T-T0)+mΛ，
wherein c represents the specific heat capacity of the solid inert substance, m represents the mass of the solid inert substance, Λ represents the heat of solution of the solid inert substance, T0Indicating the initial temperature.
Illustratively, the total energy before the reaction is expressed as:
wherein G istRepresenting the total energy of said material at time t, Fin,tDenotes the molar flow of component i, Gi,tRepresenting the Gibbs free energy, Q, of component i at time thRepresenting the amount of heat supplied from the outside, QsRepresenting the energy of the solid inert substance.
In a second aspect, there is provided a plasma waste gasification furnace comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method according to the first aspect or any example when executing the program.
In a third aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method of the first aspect or any of the examples described above.
Therefore, the comparison of the total energy before and after the reaction, the temperature of the output reaction and the components and the content of the materials can be used as the reference of the process design of the gasification furnace, for example, the working power of the gasification furnace can be designed based on the output.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings, the same reference numbers generally represent the same or similar parts or steps.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of treating a plasma waste gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is another schematic flow chart of the treatment method of the plasma waste gasification furnace according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a subset of embodiments of the invention and not all embodiments of the invention, with the understanding that the invention is not limited to the example embodiments described herein. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the invention described herein without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
The plasma gasification can quickly convert organic matters in the garbage into combustible gas and inorganic matters into molten substances through high temperature (the central area can reach 7000 ℃) generated by plasma electric arc, and is a way for reducing, harmless and recycling the garbage.
In the embodiment of the invention, the plasma waste gasification furnace can also be called a plasma gasification furnace or simply called a gasification furnace.
Fig. 1 is an exemplary flowchart of a processing method of a plasma waste gasification furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method shown in fig. 1 comprises:
s101, calculating Gibbs free energy of a system of a plasma garbage gasification furnace under the condition that the temperature in the gasification furnace is T;
s102, determining the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace based on the Gibbs free energy minimization principle;
s103, calculating the total energy of the system before reaction and the total energy after reaction according to the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace;
and S104, judging whether the assumed temperature is correct or not according to the difference value of the total energy before the reaction and the total energy after the reaction.
Due to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of the material in the gasifier before and after the reaction should be constant. Knowing the mass, feed composition and flow of the components (also called composition or components) in the gasifier at time t, the material in the gasifier at time t is first mixed with the feed material over a time period Δ t as the initial reactant for this round of calculation. The material mass conservation equation is as follows: n isi0,t+Δt＝ni,t+Δt·Fin,i。
In the formula, ni0,t+ΔtFor this round, the amount of starting material of component i is calculated in mol; n isi,tThe unit is the amount of the original component i in the gasification furnace and is mol; fin,iThe molar flow of the feed component i is expressed in mol/s; Δ t is the time, in seconds(s), spaced for each calculation round.
Before and after the reaction, although the composition is changed, the atomic number should be conserved, so that there are:
Wherein, βijIs the number of atoms j contained in the molecular formula of the component i; n isjIs the mole number of the atom j, and the unit is mol.
Illustratively, in S101, assuming that the temperature in the plasma waste gasifier is T, since the Gibbs free energy of the system is a function of temperature and composition, the total Gibbs free energy of the system can be expressed as:
wherein G ist+ΔtThe total Gibbs free energy of the system at the time of T + delta T is expressed by kJ; gi,t+ΔtRepresenting the Gibbs free energy of component i in kJ/mol.
G in the above formulai,t+ΔtCan be converted from the standard Gibbs free energy as follows:
thus, the total Gibbs free energy of the resulting system of S101 can be expressed as:
wherein,
the Gibbs free energy of the component i under the standard condition is expressed in kJ/mol and can be directly searched by a database; f. ofiThe corresponding fugacity of the component i under the current temperature and pressure is expressed in kPa; f. ofi 0The fugacity of component i in the standard state is expressed in kPa; r represents a thermodynamic constant having a value of 8.314J/(mol. K); t is the assumed temperature in K.
It is understood that the temperature assumed here is the temperature after the reaction, i.e., the temperature after the vaporization. At this temperature T, the material in the gasifier is gasified, and accordingly, the composition refers to the gas phase product.
Illustratively, in S102, since the Gibbs free energy of the entire system should be minimum when the reaction reaches equilibrium, the solution problem of the components and contents of the entire system when the reaction reaches equilibrium at that time can be converted into the most value problem under the solution constraint condition.
Wherein, the dynamic balance means that: under certain conditions, the positive reaction rate and the reverse reaction rate of the reversible reaction are equal, and the concentration of reactants and the concentration of products are not changed any more.
The most valued problem can be expressed as the following equation:
then, the optimization of the maximum problem, for example, using the Lagrangian factor method, can be used to obtain the composition and content of the material in the gasifier at the assumed temperature T and current pressure.
It can be seen that when calculating the components and contents of the gas product, the components and contents of the gas product can be obtained by using the Gibbs free energy minimization method without considering the specific reaction in the gas phase, and only by knowing the mass of the gas product and the temperature of the gasifier. The method is simple and convenient, and has high accuracy.
Illustratively, in S103, the total energy before and after the reaction may be calculated, respectively. For example, the total energy after the reaction may be the total energy of Gibbs obtained in the above-mentioned S101, i.e., Gt+Δt。
Wherein the total energy before reaction can be the sum of the energies of all the components of the material minus the energy of the solid inert substance.
Specifically, the garbage treated by the plasma gasification furnace contains a lot of solid inert substances, does not participate in chemical reaction before and after the reaction, and only undergoes a temperature change in the whole process, and the amount of the substances is kept unchanged. For this portion of inert material, the energy change expression is as follows:
Qs＝cm(T-T0)+mΛ。
wherein Q issIndicating the initial temperature T of the solid inert material0The heat to be absorbed when the temperature T is raised is expressed in kJ, c represents the specific heat capacity of the solid inert material and is expressed in kJ/(kg. DEG C), m represents the mass of the solid inert material and is expressed in kg, and Λ represents the heat of fusion of the solid inert material, i.e., the heat to be absorbed when the solid mass is melted into a liquid state and is expressed in kJ/kg.
It is understood that the initial temperature T therein0May refer to the temperature before gasification, illustratively, T0It may be equal to room temperature, e.g. 25 ℃.
Thus, the total energy of the feed in the reactor at time t + Δ t before the reaction occurs is:
wherein G is0,t+ΔtRepresenting the total energy of the materials in the reactor at the time of t + delta t before the reaction, and the unit is kJ; gtRepresenting the total energy of the material at time t; fin,tRepresents the molar flow of component i; gi,tRepresenting the Gibbs free energy of component i at time t, in kJ/mol; qhRepresents the amount of heat supplied from the outside in kJ/s, which is negative if heat is lost。
It can be seen that the dynamic balance model takes into account the energy change of the solid inert substances, and for the garbage with high solid content such as fly ash and ash slag, if the energy change of the solid inert substances is not taken into account, the result is greatly deviated. Therefore, the model can predict the temperature of the plasma gasification furnace and the product composition thereof more accurately.
Based on the principle of conservation of energy, the total energy before and after the reaction should be theoretically equal. In consideration of some errors, in S104, the subsequent process may be performed according to the difference between the two.
Illustratively, in S104, an energy balance model within the gasifier may be established, represented as:
ΔH＝|Gt+Δt-G0,t+Δt|。
specifically, whether the assumed temperature is correct or not may be determined according to a relationship between an absolute value Δ H of a difference between the total energy before the reaction and the total energy after the reaction and a preset error value.
S104 may include: if the absolute value of the difference value is greater than or equal to a preset error value, the method is executed again; and if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than the preset error value, outputting the assumed temperature and the components and the content of the material.
That is, if Δ H ≧ is the set error value, the process returns to S101 to be executed again, as shown in fig. 2, i.e., another temperature is assumed again for determination. If Δ H <, the temperature assumed in S101 and the composition and content determined in S102 can be outputted.
The model of the embodiment of the invention adopts a dynamic balance modeling method, considers the influence of the continuous addition of materials on the whole system, and is suitable for batch reactors (the feeding rate is 0) and continuous reactors. The components and the content of the materials predicted by the embodiment of the invention can be used as the reference of the process design of the gasification furnace, and particularly, the working power of the gasification furnace and the like can be designed by referring to the components and the content of the output materials.
Based on the analysis, the components in the plasma waste gasification furnace are very many, the reaction is very complex, and the temperature, the product components and the content of the plasma waste gasification furnace can be very clearly known by adopting the dynamic balance model. The model not only takes into account the gas phase reaction and its energy variation, but also takes into account the energy variation of the solid inert substance. Aiming at the garbage with high solid content such as fly ash and ash slag processed by the plasma gasification furnace, the solid inert substance accounts for a large proportion, and the solid inert substance is not considered to generate large deviation, so the model can more accurately predict the temperature of the plasma gasification furnace and the product components thereof.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a plasma waste gasification furnace, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the method shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2 when executing the program.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a computer storage medium, and the computer storage medium is stored with the computer program. The computer program, when executed by a processor, may implement the steps of the method of fig. 1 or 2 as previously described. For example, the computer storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium.
Therefore, the comparison of the total energy before and after the reaction, the temperature of the output reaction and the components and the content of the materials can be used as the reference of the process design of the gasification furnace, for example, the working power of the gasification furnace can be designed based on the output.
Although the illustrative embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the foregoing illustrative embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention or the description thereof, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A treatment method of a plasma garbage gasification furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating Gibbs free energy of a system of a plasma waste gasification furnace under the condition that the temperature in the gasification furnace is T;
determining the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace based on the Gibbs free energy minimization principle;
calculating the total energy of the system before reaction and the total energy after reaction according to the components and the content of the materials in the gasification furnace;
and judging whether the assumed temperature is correct or not according to the difference value of the total energy before the reaction and the total energy after the reaction, wherein the total energy before the reaction is the sum of the energies of all the components of the material minus the energy of the solid inert substance, and is represented as:
wherein G istIndicating the total energy of said material at time tAmount, Fin,tDenotes the molar flow of component i, Gi,tRepresenting Gibbs free energy of component i at time t, QhRepresenting the amount of heat supplied from the outside, QsRepresents the energy of the solid inert substance, and
Qs＝cm(T-T0)+mΛ，
wherein c represents the specific heat capacity of the solid inert substance, m represents the mass of the solid inert substance, Λ represents the heat of solution of the solid inert substance, T0Indicating the initial temperature.
2. The processing method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the absolute value of the difference value is larger than or equal to a preset error value, the processing method is executed again;
and if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than the preset error value, outputting the assumed temperature and the components and the content of the material.
3. A plasma waste gasifier comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor, wherein the steps of the method of claim 1 or 2 are implemented when the program is executed by the processor.
4. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method of claim 1 or 2.
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