CN107390277A - A kind of absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic - Google Patents
A kind of absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic Download PDFInfo
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- CN107390277A CN107390277A CN201710592326.1A CN201710592326A CN107390277A CN 107390277 A CN107390277 A CN 107390277A CN 201710592326 A CN201710592326 A CN 201710592326A CN 107390277 A CN107390277 A CN 107390277A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/40—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic, including：In point layout, utterly magnetism measuring mechanism, the utterly magnetism measuring mechanism include supporting mechanism (1), two dimension without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism (2) and measuring unit (3)；In selected location arrangements marker position sensor (4)；Also, the marker position sensor is a kind of sensor realized same PSD sensors and azimuthal measurement is carried out to two-way different height incident laser；Initial registration mark object location sensor process；The step of measuring geomagnetic declination D；Geomagnetic inclination I measuring process.Advantage is：Traditional mark is instead of with laser, by the way of laser alignment mark, can effectively ensure that the accuracy of registration mark thing, so as to ensure to measure obtained geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geomagnetic observation technology field, and in particular to a kind of absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic.
Background technology
Fluxgate theodolite is the instrument for measuring absolute geomagnetic parameter, generally comprises fluxgate sensor and common
Theodolite；Plain transit is configured with telescope.Fluxgate sensor is fixed on telescope, also, fluxgate sensor
Magnetic axis is substantially parallel with telescope optic axis.Fluxgate theodolite is measurable to arrive geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I.With geomagnetic declination D
Measurement exemplified by, its measuring principle is：Rotate telescope manually first, and by visually observing, make telescope registration mark thing,
Now obtain indicating azimuth angle alpha by theodolite scale；Then, continue to rotate fluxgate sensor manually in the horizontal plane, directly
When the magnetic field measured to fluxgate sensor is 0, as geomagnetic horizontal intensity H vertical direction, the now horizontal disk-read of theodolite
Reading is β, and therefore ,+90 ° of β is direction of terrestrial magnetic north to m；Again by mark azimuth angle alpha, you can geomagnetic declination D is calculated.
The above-mentioned method by fluxgate transit survey geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I, have the following disadvantages：
(1) telescope registration mark thing is made using visual viewing method, the larger error of observation is unavoidably present, so as to
Reduce the measurement accuracy for finally measuring obtained geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I；
(2) fluxgate sensor, and the position for determining that magnetic field is 0 by visually observing are rotated manually, still unavoidably
The larger error of observation be present, and then reduce measurement accuracy.
The content of the invention
The defects of existing for prior art, the present invention provide a kind of automatized magnetic open gate for absolute geomagnetic observation and passed through
Latitude instrument, can effectively it solve the above problems.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
The present invention provides a kind of absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, in point layout utterly magnetism measuring mechanism, the utterly magnetism measuring mechanism include supporting mechanism (1),
Two dimension is without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism (2) and measuring unit (3)；Wherein, the two dimension is arranged at the support machine without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism (2)
In structure (1)；The two dimension includes level without magnetic rotation unit and vertically without magnetic rotation unit without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism (2)；It is described to hang down
Directly without magnetic rotation unit be arranged at it is described level without magnetic rotation unit above；The measuring unit (3) is arranged at the vertical nothing
Above magnetic rotation unit, including：Parallel bracket (3.1), laser (3.2) and simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3)；It is described parallel
The upper and lower ends of support (3.1) are provided with the laser (3.2) be arrangeding in parallel and the simple component fluxgate magnetic core
(3.3)；
It is described vertically to be used to make the measuring unit (3) rotate in vertical space without magnetic rotation unit and record rotation automatically
Corner angle value；The level is used to make the measuring unit (3) rotate in horizontal space and recorded automatically without magnetic rotation unit
Rotation angle value；Wherein, it is described vertically to include being used to realize nothing respectively without magnetic rotation unit without magnetic rotation unit and the level
The piezoelectric motor of magnetic rotation and the laser readings head for reading the anglec of rotation；
In selected location arrangements marker position sensor (4)；Also, the marker position sensor is a kind of real
Existing same PSD sensors carry out the sensor of azimuthal measurement to two-way different height incident laser, including：Shell body (4.1),
Beam splitter (4.2), speculum (4.3) and PSD position sensors (4.4)；
The beam splitter (4.2) tilts the inside for being fixed on the shell body (4.1)；In the saturating of the beam splitter (4.2)
Penetrate in light path, the PSD position sensors (4.4) are fixedly mounted；The speculum (4.3) is located at the beam splitter (4.2)
Underface, the light splitting surface of the reflecting surface and the beam splitter (4.2) of the speculum (4.3) be arranged in parallel；
The speculum (4.3) arrives simple component fluxgate magnetic core to the vertical range and laser (3.2) of beam splitter (4.2)
(3.3) vertical range is identical；
During instrument erection, by measuring unit (3) leveling, it is ensured that the laser (3.2) and list of measuring unit (3)
Component of magnetic flux gate probe (3.3) is in horizontal checkout face；Meanwhile the laser facula sent according to laser after leveling (3.2) is high
Degree, adjusts the window height of the marker position sensor (4), makes the two contour；
Step 2, initial registration mark object location sensor process, including：
Step 2.1, laser (3.2) is made to be arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3)；
Step 2.2, master controller opens laser (3.2), meanwhile, master controller is controlled to level without magnetic rotation unit
System, so that laser (3.2) rotates in horizontal space, the horizontal laser light that laser (3.2) is launched approaches marker position
The sensing window of sensor, i.e.,：Approach the sensing window of PSD position sensors (4.4)；
Step 2.3, master controller continues controlled level without magnetic rotation unit rotational, and the laser warp for launching laser
After the transmission effect of beam splitter (4.2), the sensing window edge of glancing incidence to PSD position sensors (4.4), so that data
Collector collects induced voltage；Then, master controller controlled level continues to rotate without magnetic rotation unit；Because laser is in PSD
The diverse location of position sensor sensing window corresponds to different induced voltages, when data acquisition unit collects specified induced voltage
When, i.e., expression level has arrived specified orientation without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, and now, master controller controlled level is stopped without magnetic rotation unit
Rotation stop is moved, and obtains the refined orientation angle of now simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), is denoted as N1, thus complete to survey mark telescope direct
Amount；
Step 2.4, then, master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive measuring unit (3) to exist
Vertical space rotates 180 °, laser (3.2) is arranged in parallel in the lower section of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), then locked
Vertically without magnetic rotation unit；
Step 2.5, then, master controller is controlled to level without magnetic rotation unit again, so that level is without magnetic rotation
Turn unit rotational, and make the horizontal laser light that laser (3.2) is launched by the upward reflex of speculum (4.3), pass through again
After the reflex of beam splitter (4.2), the sensing window edge of PSD position sensors (4.4) is incided, so that data are adopted
Storage collects induced voltage；Then, master controller controlled level continues to rotate without magnetic rotation unit；Because laser is in PSD positions
The diverse location for putting sensor sensing window corresponds to different induced voltages, when data acquisition unit collects specified induced voltage
When, i.e., expression level has arrived specified orientation without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, and now, master controller controlled level is stopped without magnetic rotation unit
Rotation stop is moved, and master controller obtains the refined orientation angle of now simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), is denoted as N2, thus complete to mark
Anti- mirror measurement；
Step 2.6, master controller is by N1And N2Average, draw mark reading N；
Step 3, the step of measuring geomagnetic declination D, including：
Step 3.1, master controller closes laser (3.2), opens simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), now, laser
(3.2) it is arranged in parallel in the lower section of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3)；
Step 3.2, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation unit rotational, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the value of external magnetic field 0 ground
The angle value D of the measurement position of magnetic declination first1；
Then, master controller controlled level rotates backward without magnetic rotation unit, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the value of external magnetic field 0 ground
The angle value D of the measurement position of magnetic declination second2；
Step 3.3, then, master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive measuring unit (3) to exist
Vertical space rotates 180 °, laser (3.2) is arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), then locked
Vertically without magnetic rotation unit；
Step 3.4, then, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation unit rotational, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge list
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of Component of magnetic flux gate probe (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains external magnetic field 0
It is worth the angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination the 3rd3；
Then, master controller controlled level rotates backward without magnetic rotation unit, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the value of external magnetic field 0 ground
The angle value D of the measurement position of magnetic declination the 4th4；
Step 3.5, the angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination first1, the measurement position of geomagnetic declination second angle value D2、
The angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination the 3rd3With the angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination the 4th4Average, as earth magnetism
Northern reading D0；
Actual declination D is calculated according to following formula：
Actual declination D=magnetic north reading D0- geographic north is to reading=magnetic north reading D0- (mark reading N- marks
Azimuth)；
Wherein, mark azimuth is measured in advance by Geomagnetic Station draws, as using measurement point as the center of circle, geographic north and mark
The angle of thing.
Preferably, in addition to step 4, geomagnetic inclination I measuring process, it is specially：
Step 4.1, laser (3.2) is arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), master controller control
Level is without magnetic rotation finite element rotation to magnetic north reading D0Position；Now, simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) is located at magnetic meridian plate
It is interior；
Then, locking level is not rotated further by without magnetic rotation unit；Master controller to being vertically controlled without magnetic rotation unit,
So as to drive laser (3.2) and simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) synchronous axial system in magnetic meridian plate；Meanwhile master controller
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal that real-time judge simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) measures is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains
It is worth the angle value I of the measurement position of geomagnetic inclination first to external magnetic field 01；
Then, master controller continue control vertically rotated round about without magnetic rotation unit, when fluxgate magnetic core again
Measure external magnetic field strength signal for 0 when, master controller obtains the angle value I of the second measurement position of value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field 02；
Step 4.2, next, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, and D is stopped at0+ 180 ° of position
Or D0The position of -180 ° of position；
Then, locking level is not rotated further by without magnetic rotation unit；
Master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive laser (3.2) and simple component fluxgate
Probe (3.3) synchronous axial system in magnetic meridian plate；Meanwhile master controller real-time judge simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) measures
External magnetic field strength signal whether be 0, when reaching 0, master controller obtains the measurement position of 0 value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field the 3rd
Angle value I3；
Step 4.3, master controller continues to control and vertically rotated round about without magnetic rotation unit, when simple component fluxgate
Probe (3.3) measure again external magnetic field strength signal for 0 when, master controller obtain the value geomagnetic inclination the 4th of external magnetic field 0 measure position
The angle value I put4；
Step 4.4, inclination obliquity I is obtained based on below equation：
Inclination obliquity I=(I1+I2-I3-I4)/4。
The absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic provided by the invention has advantages below：
(1) traditional mark is instead of with laser, by the way of laser alignment mark, can effectively ensure that alignment
The accuracy of mark, so as to ensure to measure obtained geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I measurement accuracy；
(2) a kind of two dimension for carrying simple component fluxgate magnetic core is devised without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism, can automatic, high precision realization
The horizontal rotation of simple component fluxgate magnetic core and vertical rotary, finally realize geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I automatic measurement；
(3) a kind of marker position sensor of special construction is devised, can be achieved cleverly to realize same position
Azimuthal measurement of the PSD sensors to two-way different height incident laser, so as to reduce measurement during change face registration mark thing
Error, improve geomagnetic field measuring precision.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the measuring principle figure of actual declination D.
Fig. 2 shows for the 1st stereochemical structure of the automatized magnetic open gate theodolite provided by the present invention for absolute geomagnetic observation
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 shows for the 2nd stereochemical structure of the automatized magnetic open gate theodolite provided by the present invention for absolute geomagnetic observation
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 shows for the 3rd stereochemical structure of the automatized magnetic open gate theodolite provided by the present invention for absolute geomagnetic observation
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is the automatized magnetic open gate theodolite provided by the present invention for absolute geomagnetic observation in no installation column
The 1st dimensional structure diagram；
Fig. 6 is the automatized magnetic open gate theodolite provided by the present invention for absolute geomagnetic observation in no installation column
The 2nd dimensional structure diagram；
Fig. 7 is the 1st dimensional structure diagram of measuring unit provided by the invention；
Fig. 8 is the 2nd dimensional structure diagram of measuring unit provided by the invention；
Fig. 9 is the dimensional structure diagram of marker position sensor provided by the invention；
Figure 10 is structural representation of the marker position sensor provided by the invention in not display housing body；
Figure 11 is measuring principle figure of the marker position sensor to the 1st height incident laser orientation；
Figure 12 is measuring principle figure of the marker position sensor to the 2nd height incident laser orientation.
Embodiment
In order that technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with
Drawings and Examples, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only to
The present invention is explained, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic, available for resource exploration, magnetic detection, big
The absolute magnetic survey in the fields such as ground detection, earth-magnetism navigation, main feature are summarized as follows：
(1) fixed installation simple component fluxgate magnetic core and laser absolute parallel on the parallel bracket of measuring unit, will
Traditional mark replaces with PSD position sensors, and therefore, laser and PSD position sensors coordinate, in registration mark thing
When, the laser projection that laser is sent is believed to the sensing window of PSD position sensors by the output of PSD position sensors
Number and determine laser whether registration mark thing, by the way of laser alignment mark, can effectively ensure that registration mark thing
Accuracy, so as to ensure to measure obtained geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I measurement accuracy；
(2) a kind of two dimension for carrying simple component fluxgate magnetic core is devised without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism, and two dimension is without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism
It is without magnetic rotation unit without magnetic rotation unit and vertically without magnetic rotation unit and vertically without magnetic rotation unit, level including level
By the closed-loop control system formed without magnetic piezoelectric motor, laser readings head and Circular gratings code-disc, realized so as to automatic, high precision
The horizontal rotation of simple component fluxgate magnetic core and vertical rotary, finally realize geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I automatic measurement；
(3) a kind of marker position sensor of special construction is devised, can be achieved cleverly to realize same position
Azimuthal measurement of the PSD sensors to two-way different height incident laser, so as to reduce measurement during change face registration mark thing
Error, further increase geomagnetic declination D and geomagnetic inclination I accuracy of measurement.
Specifically, the absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic, with reference to figure 1, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, in point layout utterly magnetism measuring mechanism, utterly magnetism measuring mechanism includes supporting mechanism 1, two-dimentional nothing
Magnetic rotation rotation mechanism 2 and measuring unit 3；Wherein, two dimension is arranged in supporting mechanism 1 without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism 2, and supporting mechanism can be adopted
With any kind of mechanical structure, as long as two dimension can be supported without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism 2；
Two dimension includes level without magnetic rotation unit and vertically without magnetic rotation unit without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism 2；Vertically without magnetic rotation
Unit be arranged at level without magnetic rotation unit above；That is, when vertically being rotated without magnetic rotation unit in vertical space, water
It is flat fixed without magnetic rotation unit；And when level rotates without magnetic rotation unit in horizontal space, can the vertical nothing of synchronous drive
Magnetic rotation unit rotates in horizontal space；
Measuring unit 3 be arranged at vertically without magnetic rotation unit above, that is to say, that when vertically without magnetic rotation unit vertical
During Space Rotating, meeting synchronous drive measuring unit rotates in vertical space；The structure of measuring unit includes：Parallel bracket 3.1, swash
Light device 3.2 and simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3；The upper and lower ends of parallel bracket 3.1 are provided with the He of laser 3.2 be arrangeding in parallel
Simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3；
Therefore, vertically it is used to make measuring unit 3 rotate in vertical space without magnetic rotation unit and records the anglec of rotation automatically
Angle value；It is horizontal to be used to make measuring unit 3 rotate in horizontal space without magnetic rotation unit and record rotation angle value automatically；It is existing
In technology, every vertical no magnetic rotation unit that can realize above-mentioned function and level are protected without magnetic rotation unit in the present invention
Among scope.As a kind of specific embodiment, accompanying drawing is referred to, is vertically distinguished without magnetic rotation unit and level without magnetic rotation unit
Including for realizing the piezoelectric motor without magnetic rotation and the laser readings head for reading the anglec of rotation.
For convenience of understanding the present invention, with reference to figure 2- Fig. 6, one embodiment is described below, but be emphasized that
Supporting mechanism 1 described below, two dimension are only a specific example without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism 2 and measuring unit 3, do not limit this hair
Bright protection domain：
(1) supporting mechanism
Supporting mechanism 1 is the carrying foundation structure of whole automatized magnetic open gate theodolite, including top panel 1.1, lower panel
1.2 and column 1.3；Top panel 1.1 and lower panel 1.2 are symmetrical above and below horizontally disposed；The setting quantity of column 1.3 is at least two
It is individual, it is fixedly installed between top panel 1.1 and lower panel 1.2；Supporting mechanism 1 also includes adjustment screw 1.4；Adjust screw 1.4
Setting quantity can be 3, be equidistantly fixedly installed in the bottom of lower panel 1.2, can by adjusting the corrective action of screw
Adjust the levelness of whole instrument.
(2) two dimension is without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism
Two dimension is to be used to realize that simple component fluxgate magnetic core rotate horizontally with vertical rotary, together without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism 2
When be accurately measured the mechanism of the anglec of rotation.Because nonmagnetic requirement of the simple component fluxgate magnetic core to working environment is very high,
Therefore, Two Dimensional Rotating mechanism need to ensure nonmagnetic.
Two dimension includes level without magnetic rotation unit and vertically without magnetic rotation unit without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism；Level is without magnetic rotation list
Member is used to make measuring unit 3 rotate in horizontal space, including：Without magnetic axis frame 2.1, the 1st vertical pivot 2.2, the 2nd vertical pivot the 2.3, the 1st
First 2.5, the 1st piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.6 of Circular gratings code-disc 2.4, the 1st laser readings and the 1st piezoelectric motor 2.7；
It is arranged vertically without magnetic axis frame 2.1, the 1st vertical pivot is respectively fixedly mounted in the bottom centre of no magnetic axis frame 2.1 and top center
2.2 and the 2nd vertical pivot 2.3；Wherein, the bottom of the 1st vertical pivot 2.2 is pivotally mounted to the centre bit of lower panel 1.2 by bearing
Put；1st piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.6 is located below the top of plate 1.2, and is located at the center fixed cover of the 1st piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.6
On 2nd vertical pivot 2.3, the 1st piezoelectric motor 2.7 is fixedly installed in the upper surface of lower panel 1.2, also, the 1st piezoelectric motor 2.7
Output end and the intimate surface contact of the 1st piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.6, the 1st piezoelectric motor 2.7 pass through the band of the 1st piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.6
Dynamic 2nd vertical pivot 2.3 rotates in horizontal space, and then drives and rotated without magnetic axis frame 2.1 in horizontal space；2nd vertical pivot 2.3
Top is pivotally mounted to the center of top panel 1.1 by bearing and extends to the top of top panel 1.1；1st Circular gratings
The top of the plate 1.1 located above of code-disc 2.4, also, the center of the 1st Circular gratings code-disc 2.4 is fixedly connected with the 2nd vertical pivot 2.3, the
1 laser readings first 2.5 are connected with the 1st Circular gratings code-disc 2.4, the anglec of rotation measured for reading the 1st Circular gratings code-disc 2.4
Value；
Vertically include first 2.10, the 2nd pressure of transverse axis 2.8, the 2nd Circular gratings code-disc 2.9, the 2nd laser readings without magnetic rotation unit
The piezoelectric motor 2.12 of electroceramics ring 2.11 and the 2nd；The horizontally disposed left-hand stringer and right side in without magnetic axis frame 2.1 of transverse axis 2.8 is indulged
Between beam, also, the right-hand member of transverse axis 2.8 is pivotally mounted to the center of right-hand stringer by bearing；2nd piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.11
Positioned at the inner side of right-hand stringer, and the center fixed cover of the 2nd piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.11 is set to be located at the right-hand member of transverse axis 2.8, the 2nd piezoelectricity
Motor 2.12 is fixedly installed in the inner side of right-hand stringer, also, the output end of the 2nd piezoelectric motor 2.12 and the 2nd piezoelectric ceramic ring
2.11 intimate surface contact, the 2nd piezoelectric motor 2.12 drive transverse axis 2.8 in vertical space by the 2nd piezoelectric ceramic ring 2.11
Middle rotation；The left end of transverse axis 2.8 is pivotally mounted to the center of left-hand stringer by bearing and extends to left-hand stringer
Outside；2nd Circular gratings code-disc 2.9 is located at the outside of left-hand stringer, also, the center of the 2nd Circular gratings code-disc 2.9 and transverse axis 2.8
Left end be fixedly connected, the 2nd laser readings first 2.10 are connected with the 2nd Circular gratings code-disc 2.9, for read the 2nd Circular gratings code-disc
2.9 rotation angle values measured；
It can be seen that level is without magnetic rotation unit and vertically by without magnetic piezoelectric motor, laser readings head without magnetic rotation unit
With the closed-loop control system of Circular gratings code-disc composition.Specifically, for level without magnetic rotation unit, by controlling the 1st piezoelectric electro
Machine, realize that horizontal space rotates；Horizontal rotation angle may be read into by the 1st laser readings head.For vertically without magnetic rotation list
Member, by controlling the 2nd piezoelectric motor, realize that vertical space rotates；Vertical rotary angle may be read into by the 2nd laser readings head
Degree.Thus achieve the rotation of simple component fluxgate magnetic core high accuracy and automation.
Using the drive mechanism of piezoelectric motor and piezoelectric ceramic ring, the nonmagnetic of drive mechanism is ensure that, will not be to single point
The measurement for measuring fluxgate magnetic core produces interference.
(3) measuring unit
With reference to figure 7- Fig. 8, measuring unit 3 includes：Parallel bracket 3.1, laser 3.2, the and of simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3
Electronic horizon sensor 3.4；
The geometric center of parallel bracket 3.1 offers the mounting hole to match with transverse axis 2.8；Parallel bracket 3.1 passes through peace
Dress hole is fixedly installed in the center of transverse axis 2.8；The upper and lower ends of parallel bracket 3.1 are provided with the He of laser 3.2 be arrangeding in parallel
Simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3；Electronic horizon sensor 3.4 is fixedly mounted in the side of parallel bracket 3.1；Installed initially
Cheng Zhong, because laser 3.2 and simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 are both secured on parallel bracket, therefore, it is ensured that laser
3.2 and the abswolute level of simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3, and then ensure absolute magnetic survey precision.
(4) marker position sensor
Mark is the helpers in absolute magnetic survey, and traditional mark is the clump for being fixed on ad-hoc location
Or the Dali stone pier, when coordinating with telescope, it can only realize and visually observe registration mark thing.
Automatized magnetic open gate theodolite provided by the invention, completely without using telescope, but that innovates employs
Laser, and corresponding mark uses PSD position sensors, therefore, laser and PSD position sensors coordinate, and can be achieved
High precision registration mark thing.
In addition, during carrying out automating absolute magnetic survey, to eliminate laser optical axis and fluxgate magnetic core axis
Angle, it usually needs twice by the way of registration mark thing, pacified using telescope direct alignment and reversing face alignment so as to eliminate lowering apparatus
Fill error.Wherein, telescope direct alignment refers to：Laser is located at the top of fluxgate magnetic core；Anti- mirror alignment refers to：Laser is located at magnetic
The lower section of open gate probe.Therefore, if using conventional PSD position sensors, it is necessary to install lower two it is identical
PSD position sensors, telescope direct alignment and reversing face alignment could be realized respectively.This kind of mode has following deficiency：(1) need to install
Two PSD position sensors, increase installation cost；(2) two PSD position sensors need to ensure to be substantially parallel coaxially up and down
The heart, the error of registration mark thing otherwise can be introduced, it is therefore, accurate very strict to installing；(3) even buying identical type
Number PSD position sensors, therefore, still can be due to but because the performance of two PSD position sensors can not possibly be identical
Difference existing for two PSD position sensors and increase measurement error.
Therefore, what inventor innovated proposes a kind of new position-measurement device based on PSD position sensors, can be real
Azimuthal measurement of the PSD sensors of existing same position to two-way different height incident laser, thoroughly solves above-mentioned traditional approach and deposits
Deficiency.
Specifically, in selected location arrangements marker position sensor 4；Also, marker position sensor is one kind
Realize that same PSD sensors carry out the sensor of azimuthal measurement to two-way different height incident laser, including：Shell body 4.1,
Beam splitter 4.2, speculum 4.3 and PSD position sensors 4.4；Beam splitter 4.2 tilts the inside for being fixed on shell body 4.1；Dividing
On the transmitted light path of beam mirror 4.2, PSD position sensors 4.4 are fixedly mounted；Speculum 4.3 is located at the underface of beam splitter 4.2,
The light splitting surface of the reflecting surface of speculum 4.3 and beam splitter 4.2 be arranged in parallel；Speculum 4.3 to beam splitter 4.2 vertical range and
The vertical range of laser 3.2 to simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 is identical.
Its principle is：When using telescope direct alignment laser mark, as shown in figure 11, laser is located at the spy of simple component fluxgate
The top of head, now, the laser beam that laser is launched is directly incident on the center line A of beam splitter 4.2, through beam splitter 4.2
Laser beam after transmission projects PSD position sensors 4.4, and therefore, PSD position sensors detect that laser is launched
Laser beam orientation.
When using anti-mirror alignment laser mark, transverse axis rotates, and drives parallel bracket to be rotated in vertical plane, and then make to swash
Light device is located at the lower section of simple component fluxgate magnetic core, and as shown in figure 12, therefore, the laser beam that laser is launched incides instead
Mirror is penetrated, after the upward reflex of speculum, impinges perpendicularly on the center line A of beam splitter position, then the reflection through beam splitter
Afterwards, glancing incidence is to PSD position sensors, and therefore, PSD position sensors detect the laser beam that laser is launched
Orientation.
Further, to realize sensitivity that the incident laser of two-way different height same intensity is detected by PSD sensors
The problem of identical, that is to say, that when the two-way laser projection of different height, laser light spot intensity that PSD sensors detect
It is identical, the angle of inclination of beam splitter can be designed, make it in 45 degree of designs.
To be easy to use, a kind of more specifically marker position sensor is described below：Shell body 4.1 is front opening
Cavity structure；Beam splitter 4.2 tilts the inside for being fixed on shell body 4.1, specifically, beam splitter 4.2 can pass through beam splitter
Support frame 4.6, it is fixed on the inner chamber of shell body 4.1.
Also, the light splitting surface of beam splitter 4.2 and axis are in 45 degree of angles；During the center line of the light splitting surface of beam splitter 4.2 is
Heart line A, center line A connect with the front opening of shell body 4.1；Shell body 4.1 rear end inwall and positioned at beam splitter 4.2
On transmitted light path by center line A, PSD position sensors 4.4 are fixedly mounted；Before the photosurface of PSD position sensors 4.4
Side can also be installed with optical filter 4.5.At the top of shell body 4.1 and positioned at the reflection by center line A of beam splitter 4.2
In light path, loophole 4.7 is offered.
Speculum 4.3 tilts the bottom wall for being fixed on shell body 4.1, the reflecting surface of speculum 4.3 and the light splitting of beam splitter 4.2
Face be arranged in parallel, also, line B centered on the reflecting surface center line of speculum 4.3, and center line B is located at center line A underface,
Therefore, glancing incidence after 4.3 upward reflex of speculum, impinges perpendicularly on to the center line B of speculum 4.3 laser
The center line A of beam splitter 4.2 position, then after the reflection of beam splitter 4.2, glancing incidence to PSD position sensors 4.4, by
PSD position sensors 4.4 detect initial incident laser in the orientation of horizontal plane.
Certainly, in practical application, to adapt to different usage scenarios, speculum is may be designed as to the vertical range of beam splitter
Adjustable structure, it is achieved in the azimuthal measurement of the two-way laser beam to different height difference.
As can be seen here, by the position-measurement device provided by the invention based on PSD position sensors, by simply tying
Structure, azimuthal measurement of the PSD sensors of same position to two-way different height incident laser is cleverly realized, so as to improve
Measurement accuracy.
During instrument erection, by the leveling of measuring unit 3, it is ensured that the laser 3.2 and simple component magnetic flux of measuring unit 3
Gate probe 3.3 is in horizontal checkout face；Meanwhile the laser facula height sent according to laser after leveling 3.2, adjust mark
The window height of position sensor 4, make the two contour；
Step 2, initial registration mark object location sensor process, including：
Step 2.1, laser 3.2 is made to be arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3；
Step 2.2, master controller opens laser 3.2, meanwhile, master controller is controlled to level without magnetic rotation unit
System, so that laser 3.2 rotates in horizontal space, the horizontal laser light that laser 3.2 is launched approaches marker position sensing
The sensing window of device, i.e.,：Approach the sensing window of PSD position sensors 4.4；
Step 2.3, master controller continues controlled level without magnetic rotation unit rotational, and the laser warp for launching laser
After the transmission effect of beam splitter 4.2, the sensing window edge of glancing incidence to PSD position sensors 4.4, so that data acquisition
Device collects induced voltage；Then, master controller controlled level continues to rotate without magnetic rotation unit；Because laser is in PSD positions
The diverse location of sensor sensing window corresponds to different induced voltages, when data acquisition unit collects specified induced voltage,
I.e. expression level has arrived specified orientation without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, and now, master controller controlled level stops without magnetic rotation unit
Rotate, and obtain the refined orientation angle of now simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3, in embodiment, pass through the 1st laser readings head
2.5 can obtain the angle, N is denoted as1, thus complete to marking direct position of telescope；
Step 2.4, then, master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive measuring unit 3 hanging down
Straight 180 ° of Space Rotating, laser 3.2 is set to be arranged in parallel in the lower section of simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3, then locked vertical nothing
Magnetic rotation unit；
Step 2.5, then, master controller is controlled to level without magnetic rotation unit again, so that level is without magnetic rotation
Turn unit rotational, and make the horizontal laser light that laser 3.2 is launched by 4.3 upward reflex of speculum, pass through beam splitting again
After the reflex of mirror 4.2, the sensing window edge of PSD position sensors 4.4 is incided, so that data acquisition unit collects
Induced voltage；Then, master controller controlled level continues to rotate without magnetic rotation unit；Because laser is in PSD position sensor senses
Answer the diverse location of window to correspond to different induced voltages, when data acquisition unit collects specified induced voltage, that is, represent water
Flat to have arrived specified orientation without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, now, master controller controlled level stops operating without magnetic rotation unit, master control
Device processed obtains the refined orientation angle of now simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3, and the angle is obtained especially by the 1st laser readings first 2.5
Degree, is denoted as N2, thus complete to marking anti-mirror measurement；
Step 2.6, master controller is by N1And N2Average, draw mark reading N；
Due to machining the presence with rigging error, can be deposited between the laser axis and transverse axis of automatic fluxgate theodolite
In the non-orthogonal angle μ of a very little.The laser applications that laser is sent are to calculate geographic north in water by sighting target thing
Reading on flat code-disc.If only with registration mark thing of telescope direct or reversing face, due to non-orthogonal angle μ presence, from
The mark angle that dynamic fluxgate theodolite obtains can introduce error.But if the method for change face measurement is employed, due to telescope direct
Positive error and negative error are brought respectively with reversing face, and reading is added and takes average twice, and positive negative error can be offset, that is to say, that this is not
The error that intercept μ is brought can effectively cancel out.
Step 3, the step of measuring geomagnetic declination D, including：
Step 3.1, master controller closes laser 3.2, opens simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3, now, laser 3.2
It is arranged in parallel in the lower section of simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3；
Step 3.2, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation unit rotational, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal that fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 exports is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the value earth magnetism of external magnetic field 0
The angle value D of the measurement position of drift angle first1, in the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 1st laser readings first 2.5；
Then, master controller controlled level rotates backward without magnetic rotation unit, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal that fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 exports is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the value earth magnetism of external magnetic field 0
The angle value D of the measurement position of drift angle second2；In the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 1st laser readings first 2.5；
Step 3.3, then, master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive measuring unit 3 hanging down
Straight 180 ° of Space Rotating, laser 3.2 is set to be arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3, then locked vertical nothing
Magnetic rotation unit；
Step 3.4, then, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation unit rotational, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge list
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal that Component of magnetic flux gate probe 3.3 exports is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains external magnetic field 0 and is worth
The angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination the 3rd3；In the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 1st laser readings first 2.5；
Then, master controller controlled level rotates backward without magnetic rotation unit, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal that fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 exports is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the value earth magnetism of external magnetic field 0
The angle value D of the measurement position of drift angle the 4th4；In the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 1st laser readings first 2.5；
Step 3.5, the angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination first1, the measurement position of geomagnetic declination second angle value D2、
The angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination the 3rd3With the angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination the 4th4Average, as earth magnetism
Northern reading D0；
Actual declination D is calculated according to following formula：
Actual declination D=magnetic north reading D0- geographic north is to reading=magnetic north reading D0- (mark reading N- marks
Azimuth)；
Wherein, mark azimuth is measured in advance by Geomagnetic Station draws, as using measurement point as the center of circle, geographic north and mark
The angle of thing.
With reference to figure 1, magnetic north reading D0Be referenced as automatic fluxgate theodolite instrument zero, as shown in ∠ A2 in figure；
Mark reading N's is referenced as automatic fluxgate theodolite instrument zero, as shown in ∠ A1 in figure, the theta alignment
Uniformity, be used primarily to ensure whether instrument is subjected to displacement in multiple measurement process or placement process；
Actual declination D is referenced as geographic north, as shown in ∠ A4 in figure.
Also include step 4, geomagnetic inclination I measuring process, be specially：
Step 4.1, laser 3.2 is arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3, master controller controlled level
Without magnetic rotation finite element rotation to magnetic north reading D0Position；Now, simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 is located in magnetic meridian plate；
Then, locking level is not rotated further by without magnetic rotation unit；Master controller to being vertically controlled without magnetic rotation unit,
So as to drive laser 3.2 and simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 synchronous axial system in magnetic meridian plate；Meanwhile master controller is real-time
Judge whether the external magnetic field strength signal that simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 measures is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains outer magnetic
Field 0 is worth the angle value I of the measurement position of geomagnetic inclination first1；In the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 2nd laser readings head；
Then, master controller continue control vertically rotated round about without magnetic rotation unit, when fluxgate magnetic core again
Measure external magnetic field strength signal for 0 when, master controller obtains the angle value I of the second measurement position of value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field 02；
In the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 2nd laser readings head；
Step 4.2, next, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, and D is stopped at0+ 180 ° of position
Or D0The position of -180 ° of position；
Then, locking level is not rotated further by without magnetic rotation unit；
Master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive laser 3.2 and simple component fluxgate to visit
First 3.3 in magnetic meridian plate synchronous axial system；Meanwhile the outer magnetic that master controller real-time judge simple component fluxgate magnetic core 3.3 measures
Whether field intensity signal is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the angle value of the measurement position of 0 value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field the 3rd
I3；In the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 2nd laser readings head；
Step 4.3, master controller continues to control and vertically rotated round about without magnetic rotation unit, when simple component fluxgate
Probe 3.3 measure again external magnetic field strength signal for 0 when, master controller obtains the measurement position of 0 value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field the 4th
Angle value I4；In the accompanying drawings, the angle value is obtained by the 2nd laser readings head；
Step 4.4, inclination obliquity I is obtained based on below equation：
Inclination obliquity I=(I1+I2-I3-I4)/4。
As can be seen here, the automatized magnetic open gate theodolite provided by the present invention for absolute geomagnetic observation has following excellent
Point：
(1) by the way of laser alignment mark, the accuracy of registration mark thing is can effectively ensure that, so as to ensure definitely
Magnetic survey precision；
(2) the powered motion mechanism using two dimension without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism as fluxgate magnetic core, can automatic, high precision realization list
The horizontal rotation of Component of magnetic flux gate probe and vertical rotary, finally ensure absolute magnetic survey precision；
(3) during absolute magnetic survey, cleverly realized using same marker position sensor to two-way not
With the azimuthal measurement of height incident laser, so as to reduce measurement error during change face registration mark thing, improve earth's magnetic field and survey
Accuracy of measurement.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
Depending on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, in point layout, utterly magnetism measuring mechanism, the utterly magnetism measuring mechanism include supporting mechanism (1), two dimension
Without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism (2) and measuring unit (3)；Wherein, the two dimension is arranged at the supporting mechanism without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism (2)
(1) in；The two dimension includes level without magnetic rotation unit and vertically without magnetic rotation unit without magnetic rotation rotation mechanism (2)；It is described vertical
Without magnetic rotation unit be arranged at it is described level without magnetic rotation unit above；The measuring unit (3) is arranged at described vertically without magnetic
Above rotary unit, including：Parallel bracket (3.1), laser (3.2) and simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3)；The parallel branch
The upper and lower ends of frame (3.1) are provided with the laser (3.2) and the simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) be arrangeding in parallel；
It is described vertically to be used to make the measuring unit (3) rotate in vertical space without magnetic rotation unit and record the anglec of rotation automatically
Angle value；The level is used to make the measuring unit (3) rotate in horizontal space and records rotation automatically without magnetic rotation unit
Angle value；Wherein, it is described vertically to include being used for realization respectively without magnetic rotation without magnetic rotation unit without magnetic rotation unit and the level
The piezoelectric motor turned and the laser readings head for reading the anglec of rotation；
In selected location arrangements marker position sensor (4)；Also, the marker position sensor is realized together to be a kind of
One PSD sensor carries out the sensor of azimuthal measurement to two-way different height incident laser, including：Shell body (4.1), beam splitting
Mirror (4.2), speculum (4.3) and PSD position sensors (4.4)；
The beam splitter (4.2) tilts the inside for being fixed on the shell body (4.1)；Transmitted light in the beam splitter (4.2)
Lu Shang, the PSD position sensors (4.4) are fixedly mounted；The speculum (4.3) be located at the beam splitter (4.2) just under
Side, the light splitting surface of the reflecting surface and the beam splitter (4.2) of the speculum (4.3) be arranged in parallel；
The speculum (4.3) arrives simple component fluxgate magnetic core to the vertical range and laser (3.2) of beam splitter (4.2)
(3.3) vertical range is identical；
During instrument erection, by measuring unit (3) leveling, it is ensured that the laser (3.2) and simple component magnetic of measuring unit (3)
Open gate probe (3.3) is in horizontal checkout face；Meanwhile the laser facula height sent according to laser after leveling (3.2), adjustment
The window height of the marker position sensor (4), makes the two contour；
Step 2, initial registration mark object location sensor process, including：
Step 2.1, laser (3.2) is made to be arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3)；
Step 2.2, master controller opens laser (3.2), meanwhile, master controller is controlled to level without magnetic rotation unit,
So that laser (3.2) rotates in horizontal space, the horizontal laser light that laser (3.2) is launched approaches marker position sensing
The sensing window of device, i.e.,：Approach the sensing window of PSD position sensors (4.4)；
Step 2.3, master controller continues controlled level without magnetic rotation unit rotational, and makes the laser that laser is launched through beam splitting
After the transmission effect of mirror (4.2), the sensing window edge of glancing incidence to PSD position sensors (4.4), so that data acquisition
Device collects induced voltage；Then, master controller controlled level continues to rotate without magnetic rotation unit；Because laser is in PSD positions
The diverse location of sensor sensing window corresponds to different induced voltages, when data acquisition unit collects specified induced voltage,
I.e. expression level has arrived specified orientation without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, and now, master controller controlled level stops without magnetic rotation unit
Rotate, and obtain the refined orientation angle of now simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), be denoted as N1, thus complete to marking direct position of telescope；
Step 2.4, then, master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive measuring unit (3) vertical
180 ° of Space Rotating, laser (3.2) is set to be arranged in parallel in the lower section of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), it is then locked vertical
Without magnetic rotation unit；
Step 2.5, then, master controller is controlled to level without magnetic rotation unit again, so that level is without magnetic rotation list
Member rotates, and makes the horizontal laser light that laser (3.2) is launched by the upward reflex of speculum (4.3), passes through beam splitting again
After the reflex of mirror (4.2), the sensing window edge of PSD position sensors (4.4) is incided, so that data acquisition unit is adopted
Collect induced voltage；Then, master controller controlled level continues to rotate without magnetic rotation unit；Because laser is in PSD position sensings
The diverse location of device sensing window corresponds to different induced voltages, when data acquisition unit collects specified induced voltage, i.e. table
Show that level has arrived specified orientation without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, now, master controller controlled level stops operating without magnetic rotation unit,
Master controller obtains the refined orientation angle of now simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), is denoted as N2, thus complete to survey to marking anti-mirror
Amount；
Step 2.6, master controller is by N1And N2Average, draw mark reading N；
Step 3, the step of measuring geomagnetic declination D, including：
Step 3.1, master controller closes laser (3.2), opens simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), now, laser
(3.2) it is arranged in parallel in the lower section of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3)；
Step 3.2, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation unit rotational, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component magnetic flux
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of gate probe (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the ground magnetic biasing of the value of external magnetic field 0
The angle value D of the measurement position of angle first1；
Then, master controller controlled level rotates backward without magnetic rotation unit, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component magnetic flux
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of gate probe (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the ground magnetic biasing of the value of external magnetic field 0
The angle value D of the measurement position of angle second2；
Step 3.3, then, master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive measuring unit (3) vertical
180 ° of Space Rotating, laser (3.2) is set to be arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), it is then locked vertical
Without magnetic rotation unit；
Step 3.4, then, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation unit rotational, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the value of external magnetic field 0 ground
The angle value D of the measurement position of magnetic declination the 3rd3；
Then, master controller controlled level rotates backward without magnetic rotation unit, meanwhile, master controller real-time judge simple component magnetic flux
Whether the external magnetic field strength signal of gate probe (3.3) output is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the ground magnetic biasing of the value of external magnetic field 0
The angle value D of the measurement position of angle the 4th4；
Step 3.5, the angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination first1, the measurement position of geomagnetic declination second angle value D2, earth magnetism
The angle value D of the measurement position of drift angle the 3rd3With the angle value D of the measurement position of geomagnetic declination the 4th4Average, as magnetic north is read
Number D0；
Actual declination D is calculated according to following formula：
Actual declination D=magnetic north reading D0- geographic north is to reading=magnetic north reading D0- (mark reading N- marks orientation
Angle)；
Wherein, mark azimuth is measured and drawn in advance by Geomagnetic Station, as using measurement point as the center of circle, geographic north and mark
Angle.
2. the absolute earth magnetism observation procedure of high-precision automatic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including step 4,
Geomagnetic inclination I measuring process, it is specially：
Step 4.1, laser (3.2) is arranged in parallel in the top of simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3), master controller controlled level
Without magnetic rotation finite element rotation to magnetic north reading D0Position；Now, simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) is located in magnetic meridian plate；
Then, locking level is not rotated further by without magnetic rotation unit；Master controller to being vertically controlled without magnetic rotation unit, so as to
Drive laser (3.2) and simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) synchronous axial system in magnetic meridian plate；Meanwhile master controller is real-time
Judge whether the external magnetic field strength signal that simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) measures is 0, when reaching 0, master controller obtains outer
Magnetic field 0 is worth the angle value I of the measurement position of geomagnetic inclination first1；
Then, master controller continues to control and vertically rotated round about without magnetic rotation unit, when fluxgate magnetic core measures again
When external magnetic field strength signal is 0, master controller obtains the angle value I of the second measurement position of value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field 02；
Step 4.2, next, master controller controlled level is without magnetic rotation finite element rotation, and D is stopped at0+ 180 ° of position or D0Position
Put -180 ° of position；
Then, locking level is not rotated further by without magnetic rotation unit；
Master controller without magnetic rotation unit to being vertically controlled, so as to drive laser (3.2) and simple component fluxgate magnetic core
(3.3) synchronous axial system in magnetic meridian plate；Meanwhile master controller real-time judge simple component fluxgate magnetic core (3.3) measure it is outer
Whether magnetic field intensity signal is 0, and when reaching 0, master controller obtains the angle of the measurement position of 0 value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field the 3rd
Value I3；
Step 4.3, master controller continues to control and vertically rotated round about without magnetic rotation unit, when simple component fluxgate magnetic core
(3.3) measure again external magnetic field strength signal for 0 when, master controller obtains the measurement position of 0 value geomagnetic inclination of external magnetic field the 4th
Angle value I4；
Step 4.4, inclination obliquity I is obtained based on below equation：
Inclination obliquity I=(I1+I2-I3-I4)/4。
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