CN107389241A - A kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall - Google Patents

A kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall Download PDF

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CN107389241A
CN107389241A CN201710451374.9A CN201710451374A CN107389241A CN 107389241 A CN107389241 A CN 107389241A CN 201710451374 A CN201710451374 A CN 201710451374A CN 107389241 A CN107389241 A CN 107389241A
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laser
hole wall
stress
impact
peak
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CN107389241B (en
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姜银方
季彬
姜文帆
甘学东
虞文军
朱恒
李旭
黄建云
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Dongtai Chengdong science and Technology Pioneer Park Management Co.,Ltd.
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Jiangsu University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0047Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall, comprise the following steps:Establish the FEM model in laser impact intensified hole;Simulation calculation;According to laser-impact technological parameter, Laser shock loading curve is determined;Setting impact path;Start simulation algorithm model;Start perforate finite element modelling;Laser impact intensified emulation is carried out to the zone of action of laser-impact, then implements perforate simulation in center of impact region;Change laser-impact technological parameter, repeat previous step;Draw the theoretical residual stress of hole wall surface and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress;Sample is prepared, laser impact intensified processing and perforate are carried out to sample;Measure the surface residual stress statistical analysis of sample tapping;Estimate the actual residual stress peak value of hole wall.The present invention can be according to laser impact intensified surface residual stress near angle of spot hole and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress, by measuring the surface residual stress near angle of spot hole.

Description

A kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall
Technical field
The present invention relates to the physico-chemical analysis field of material reinforcement processing, more particularly to it is a kind of with laser impact intensified hole wall Peak stress detection method.
Background technology
Material is set to reach optimal according to material property and laser-impact volume effects, adjustment laser-impact parameter for correct Impact effect, have great importance.But the reinforcing effect of small-hole components is different from the reinforcing of general surface, material surface Reinforcing, the reinforcing effects of small-hole components can not be determined;The reinforcing on material impact surface not necessarily brings small-hole components in other words Reinforcing, or may be because now hole wall produce reduction and the secondary gain of generation time;Therefore answering for small-hole components hole wall is studied Power is distributed, and while shock peening shock surface, strengthens hole wall and necessitates;But hole wall residual stress measurement is difficult, and It is difficult to characterize small-hole components shock peening effect using existing method.
There is document report, the measurement of spectrum in launching for light, the caused plasma during laser impact intensified The spectrum radiated reacts whether laser-impact quality preferable, and spectral component workpiece material and the light of absorbed layer it is general into Divide and actually measured spectrum is compared.
There is document report, when being measured using PVDF piezoelectric film sensor to workpiece shock wave, use voice sending sensor Device simultaneously can draw shock wave relative magnitude in workpiece with reference to the empirical equation, and estimate residual compressive stress value and workpiece in workpiece Middle shock wave relative magnitude, to laser impact intensified carry out quality evaluation.
There is document report, zap pit volumetric method is measured using optical profilometer to the profile of shock point, and generation is single The volume data of shock point, the quality of reinforcing is reacted with this.The measurement of surge, which mainly uses, is placed on back of work Piezoelectric quartz meter or PVDF piezoelectric membranes measure.
There is document report, because the speed of air plasma shock wave is far above the spread speed of sound wave in air, Therefore, shock motion speed is faster caused by impact, and shock wave flight is shorter to the time of sensor, illustrates higher energy Plasma does work to workpiece, and impact effect is better.
More than online test method although efficiently solve the characterization problems of Effect of Laser Shock Processing, but for The reinforcing effect of small-hole components is unpredictable;The residual stress distribution for studying the reinforcing effect for showing small-hole components and hole wall is close Correlation, but the stress measurement of aperture hole wall is extremely difficult, can not possibly detect in other words.
Laser impact intensified residual stress distribution method is measured at present mainly to examine by X ray residual stress test instrument Survey, this detection method can not detect the residual stress distribution on hole wall direction, need to such as detect, it is necessary to which sample is splitted, this is not But sample is destroyed, is not used to reality, and it is comparatively laborious, and experimental expenses is expensive, and accuracy is not also high, therefore technique Process control difficulties, laser impact intensified development and application are limited to a certain extent.
The content of the invention
For Shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of peak stress with laser impact intensified hole wall to examine Survey method, it can be passed through according to laser impact intensified surface residual stress near angle of spot hole and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress The surface residual stress near angle of spot hole is measured, to characterize small-hole components Effect of Laser Shock Processing.
The present invention is to realize above-mentioned technical purpose by following technological means.
A kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall, comprise the following steps:
S01:Establish the FEM model in laser impact intensified hole;Sample geometrical model is specially defined, through Unit selection, Mesh generation, the zone of action of laser-impact is set, select material constitutive model and parameter, apply edge-restraint condition;
S02:Simulation calculation;According to laser-impact technological parameter, Laser shock loading curve is determined;Setting impact path; Start simulation algorithm model;
S03:Start perforate finite element modelling;Laser impact intensified emulation is carried out to the zone of action of laser-impact, then Implement perforate simulation in center of impact region;
S04:Change laser-impact technological parameter, repeat S01-S03;
S05:The residual stress distribution of simulation result under different laser technical parameterses is extracted, draws the residual of hole wall surface theory The relation curve of residue stress and hole wall peak stress;
S06:Sample is prepared, laser impact intensified processing is carried out to sample, the sample after reinforcing is subjected to perforate;
S07:The surface residual stress of sample tapping is measured, carries out statistical analysis;
S08:According to the residual stress of superficial theory and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress, the actual remnants of estimation hole wall Peak stress.
Further, the type of mesh generation described in the S01 steps is explicit linear reduction integral unit C3D8R;Institute It is that 2 times of length areas of spot radius carry out mesh refinement on three axes to state mesh generation process.
Further, the material constitutive model selects Johnson-Cook models;The application boundary condition is application pair Claim constraint.
Further, the S05 comprises the following steps:
S05.1:The residual stress on different laser technical parameterses drag surfaces is extracted, and is taken residual at hole wall Amm Simulation value of the residue stress value as model surface residual stress;
S05.2:Extract the residual stress of hole wall under different laser technical parameterses, and by residual-stress value maximum on hole wall Simulation value as hole wall peak stress;
S05.3:According to the residual stress on different laser technical parameterses drag surfaces and hole wall peak stress, with smooth The relation that Drawing of Curve goes out between surface residual stress and hole wall peak stress.
Further, the S07 comprises the following steps:
S07.1:At least five point is taken around hole center at hole wall Amm in specimen surface, measures its residual stress Value;
S07.2:Residual-stress value is analyzed with the method for mathematical statistics, it is this group of data in the range of 95% to take confidence level In intermediate value be residual-stress value.
Further, the A is no more than 3mm.
Further, the S08 is specially:According to the surface residual stress measured in S07, the hole obtained in S05 is compareed The theoretical residual stress of wall surface and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress, draw the estimate of sample aperture wall stress peak value.
Further, the material of the sample is aluminium alloy, the laser power density in the laser-impact technological parameter point Wei not 2.83GW/cm2-10.62GW/cm2, laser blast wave load peaks pressure is respectively 2.3GPa-4.5GPa.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the peak stress detection method of the present invention with laser impact intensified hole wall, this method is easy to operate, inspection Efficiency high is surveyed, solves hole wall residual stress measurement difficulty, it is difficult to shock peening effect is characterized etc. using existing method Problem.
2. the peak stress detection method of the present invention with laser impact intensified hole wall, excellent to selecting technological parameter Change technical process to provide as effective method.
3. the peak stress detection method of the present invention with laser impact intensified hole wall, with reference to the physics of on-line monitoring The change of amount, and its corresponding relation with surface residual stress, it is possible to achieve on-line monitoring and in real time control.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of sample of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the location drawing in the laser-impact region of sample of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is residual stress data extraction path profile under sample emulation mode of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of the hole wall residual stress peak value that S06 steps of the present invention are drawn and surface residual stress.
Fig. 5 is the curve map of sample fatigue life under different laser power densities of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously Not limited to this.
A kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall, comprise the following steps:
S01:Establish the FEM model in laser impact intensified hole;Sample geometrical model is specially defined, through Unit selection, Mesh generation, the zone of action of laser-impact is set, select material constitutive model and parameter, apply edge-restraint condition;
S02:Simulation calculation;According to laser-impact technological parameter, Laser shock loading curve is determined;Setting impact path; Start simulation algorithm model;
S03:Start perforate finite element modelling;Laser impact intensified emulation is carried out to the zone of action of laser-impact, then Implement perforate simulation in center of impact region;
S04:Change laser-impact technological parameter, repeat S01-S03;
S05:The residual stress distribution of simulation result under different laser technical parameterses is extracted, draws the residual of hole wall surface theory The relation curve of residue stress and hole wall peak stress;It is specific as follows:
S05.1:The residual stress on different laser technical parameterses drag surfaces is extracted, and is taken residual at hole wall Amm Simulation value of the residue stress value as model surface residual stress;
S05.2:Extract the residual stress of hole wall under different laser technical parameterses, and by residual-stress value maximum on hole wall Simulation value as hole wall peak stress;
S05.3:According to different laser technical parameterses drag surface residual stresses and hole wall peak stress, with smooth song Line draws out the relation between surface residual stress and hole wall peak stress.
S06:Sample is prepared, laser impact intensified processing is carried out to sample, the sample after reinforcing is subjected to perforate;
S07:The surface residual stress of sample tapping is measured, carries out statistical analysis;It is specific as follows:
S07.1:At least five point is taken around hole center at hole wall Amm in specimen surface, measures its residual stress Value;
S07.2:Residual-stress value is analyzed with the method for mathematical statistics, it is this group of data in the range of 95% to take confidence level In intermediate value be residual-stress value.
S08:According to the residual stress of superficial theory and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress, the actual remnants of estimation hole wall Peak stress.Specially:According to the surface residual stress measured in S07, theoretical residual of the hole wall surface obtained in S05 is compareed The relation curve of residue stress and hole wall peak stress, draw the estimate of sample aperture wall stress peak value.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
S01:Establish the FEM model in laser impact intensified hole;Sample geometrical model is specially defined, through Unit selection, Mesh generation, the zone of action of laser-impact is set, select material constitutive model and parameter, apply edge-restraint condition;
Thickness direction in simulation softward ABAQUS using Y-axis as model, X-Z plane are that the establishment of laser-impact plane is rectangular The geometrical model of type fritter, the type of the mesh generation is explicit linear reduction integral unit C3D8R, and mesh generation process is 2 times of length areas of spot radius carry out mesh refinement on three axes;The mesh generation process is in three axes glazing 2 times of length areas of spot radius carry out mesh refinement;The material constitutive model selects Johnson-Cook models;The application side Boundary's condition is application symmetry constraint.
S02:Simulation calculation;According to laser-impact technological parameter, Laser shock loading curve is determined;Setting impact path; Start simulation algorithm model;Setting laser parameter carries out simulation impact to FEM model, and the laser parameter is as follows:Laser Output wavelength is 10.6um, pulsewidth 20ns, and laser-impact hot spot is circular light spot, a diameter of 2.6mm, laser blast wave used Load pressure is 2.3GPa, and shock zone is as shown in Figure 2.FEM model after being impacted.
S03:Start perforate finite element modelling;Laser impact intensified emulation is carried out to the zone of action of laser-impact, then Implement perforate simulation in center of impact region;
S04:Change laser-impact technological parameter, i.e., laser blast wave load pressure select successively 2.6GPa, 3GPa, 3.5GPa, 4.5GPa, then repeatedly S01-S03;
S05:The residual stress distribution of simulation result under different laser technical parameterses is extracted, draws the residual of hole wall surface theory The relation curve of residue stress and hole wall peak stress;It is specific as follows:
S05.1:The residual stress on different laser technical parameterses drag surfaces is extracted, and is taken residual at hole wall Amm Simulation value of the residue stress value as hole surface residual stress, A are not less than the 30% of the impact range length of side not less than 3mm or A; The present embodiment is to survey a point every 0.5mm in model surface, obtains surface residual stress distribution, as shown in Fig. 3 paths 1, and Take simulation value of the residual-stress value as hole surface residual stress at hole wall 0.5mm;
S05.2:Extract the residual stress of hole wall under different laser technical parameterses, and by residual-stress value maximum on hole wall Simulation value as hole wall peak stress;
S05.3:According to different laser technical parameterses lower opening surface residual stresses and hole wall peak stress, with smooth curve Draw out the relation between surface residual stress and hole wall peak stress.As shown in figure 4, when surface residual stress reaches- During 450MPa or so, start to tend towards stability, therefore can be assumed that and reach reinforcing effect.Figure 4, it is seen that with shock wave The continuous increase of load pressure, surface compress residual stresses constantly increase, but as shock wave load pressure constantly increases, speedup has Slowed down, and the trend of first increases and then decreases is presented in hole wall residual stress peak value, when load pressure is 3GPa, residual tension Reach maximum, when load pressure is 4.5GPa, hole wall is all residual compressive stress.
S06:As shown in figure 1, preparing sample, laser impact intensified processing is carried out to sample, the sample after reinforcing is carried out Perforate;
Sample uses aluminum alloy materials, using by computer control system, superpower laser, automatic sprinkler and work The laser impact intensified experimental provision progress for making platform composition is laser impact intensified.It is specific as follows:
With the surface of alcohol washes sample, in its surface covering 0.1mm aluminium foil absorbed layer to strengthen to laser energy Absorb, sample is fixed on the fixture of workbench, so that specimen surface can be relative with the laser beam that laser is sent;By calculating Machine control system controls automatic sprinkler to form 1-2mm to aluminium foil absorbed layer surface sprinkling so as to absorb layer surface in aluminium foil Moisture film, as it is laser impact intensified when restraint layer;Then " S " of the workbench according to setting is controlled by computer control system Type laser facula impacts track to move;From computer control system control superpower laser laser is sent to aluminium foil absorbed layer Beam, the laser beam are irradiated in aluminium foil absorbed layer through moisture film, so as to produce residual compressive stress layer, punching in metal material surface It is consistent with emulation to hit region;Finally sample is lifted down from the fixture of workbench, removes aluminium foil absorbed layer;The examination impacted altogether Sample has 10 (every kind of laser power density has 2 samples);Wherein laser power density is respectively 2.83GW/cm2、3.77GW/ cm2、4.71GW/cm2、5.65GW/cm2And 10.62GW/cm2.After completing impact test, using the hole opening technology of brill-expansion-hinge, An aperture is respectively opened in sample impact zone and for the position corresponding to impact zone, is evacuation aperture processing technology to residual stress distribution With the influence of fatigue life, it is desirable to which the roughness for processing metapore is less than 0.2, also needs to carry out deburring processing to sample after perforate.
S07:The surface residual stress of sample tapping is measured, carries out statistical analysis;It is specific as follows:
S07.1:At least five point is taken around hole center at hole wall Amm in specimen surface, measures its residual stress Value;A is not less than the 30% of the impact range length of side not less than 3mm or A;
This implementation is specially:Different capacity density at ambient temperature is swashed using X-350A type X ray measuring stress instruments The sample of light impact carries out surface residual stress detection, and every kind of power density chooses two samples, the selection of its test point and this Detected in inventive method it is identical in residual stress, be specimen surface at hole wall 1mm, each 5 points of sample measurement, and take can Reliability be 95% in the range of one group of data in intermediate value be measured value.Through measurement, laser power density is respectively 2.83GW/ cm2、3.77GW/cm2、4.71GW/cm2、5.65GW/cm2And 10.62GW/cm2The surface residual corresponding to sample after impact should Power is respectively -285.4MPa, -350.4MPa, -425.5MPa, -469.3MPa and -488.5MPa.In addition, surface residual The Non-Destructive Testing of stress can also use the certain methods such as ultrasonic method, method of magnetic, acoustic pressure size method.When the increase of technological parameter, When surface residual stress measured value is in a stable value, and peak stress corresponding to the surface compress residual stresses measured is Compression or during close to zero, namely reached shock peening effect.
S07.2:Residual-stress value is analyzed with the method for mathematical statistics, it is this group of data in the range of 95% to take confidence level In intermediate value be residual-stress value.
S08:According to the residual stress of superficial theory and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress, the actual remnants of estimation hole wall Peak stress.Specially:
As shown in figure 4, when power density is 2.83GW/cm2When, hole wall residual stress peak value is 60MPa;Work as power density For 3.77GW/cm2When, hole wall residual stress peak value is 75MPa;When power density is 4.71GW/cm2When, hole wall residual stress peak It is worth for 157MPa;When power density is 5.65GW/cm2When, hole wall residual stress peak value is 62MPa;When power density is 10.62GW/cm2When, hole wall residual stress peak value is -65MPa.
S09:Tired checking test;
By the sample after two perforates under different capacity density according to the axially loaded fatigue test method of metal material with HB5287-1996 standards are carried out drawing-pulling fatigue experimental, and fatigue test is carried out at room temperature, the model of fatigue tester in experiment For Zwick Roell/Amsler 100HFP 5100, the maximum stress during experiment is 195MPa, stress ratio R=0.1, frequency Rate is 20Hz.Then the average value of tired gain under different capacity density is calculated, draws out fatigue life gain and power density Relation curve, as shown in Figure 5.From figure 5 it can be seen that when power density is 4.71GW/cm2When, the fatigue life of sample Gain has the tendency being decreased obviously, and this is corresponding with the residual stress peak value that hole wall under the power density is larger, illustrates in error In the range of, utilize the analog result of the detection method of laser impact intensified aperture hole wall residual stress peak value of the present invention There is preferable uniformity with experimental result, show that the detection method reliability and accuracy are preferable, therefore only need measurement surface residual Residue stress, residual stress peak value can be just estimated according to relation curve, so as to efficiently, easily detect hole wall residual stress Peak value, avoid the destruction of aperture.
The embodiment is preferred embodiment of the invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, not Away from the present invention substantive content in the case of, those skilled in the art can make it is any it is conspicuously improved, replace Or modification belongs to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S01:Establish the FEM model in laser impact intensified hole;Sample geometrical model is specially defined, through Unit selection, grid Division, the zone of action of laser-impact is set, select material constitutive model and parameter, apply edge-restraint condition;
S02:Simulation calculation;According to laser-impact technological parameter, Laser shock loading curve is determined;Setting impact path;Start Simulation algorithm model;
S03:Start perforate finite element modelling;Laser impact intensified emulation is carried out to the zone of action of laser-impact, then rushed Hit central area and implement perforate simulation;
S04:Change laser-impact technological parameter, repeat S01-S03;
S05:The residual stress distribution of simulation result under different laser technical parameterses is extracted, drawing the theoretical remnants of hole wall surface should Power and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress;
S06:Sample is prepared, laser impact intensified processing is carried out to sample, the sample after reinforcing is subjected to perforate;
S07:The surface residual stress of sample tapping is measured, carries out statistical analysis;
S08:According to the residual stress of superficial theory and the relation curve of hole wall peak stress, the actual residual stress of estimation hole wall Peak value.
2. the peak stress detection method according to claim 1 with laser impact intensified hole wall, it is characterised in that described The type of mesh generation described in S01 steps is explicit linear reduction integral unit C3D8R;The mesh generation process is three 2 times of length areas of spot radius carry out mesh refinement in reference axis.
3. the peak stress detection method according to claim 1 with laser impact intensified hole wall, it is characterised in that described Material constitutive model selects Johnson-Cook models;The application boundary condition is application symmetry constraint.
4. the peak stress detection method according to claim 1 with laser impact intensified hole wall, it is characterised in that described S05 comprises the following steps:
S05.1:The residual stress on different laser technical parameterses drag surfaces is extracted, and takes the remnants at hole wall Amm should Simulation value of the force value as model surface residual stress;
S05.2:Extract the residual stress of hole wall under different laser technical parameterses, and using residual-stress value maximum on hole wall as The simulation value of hole wall peak stress;
S05.3:According to different laser technical parameterses drag surface residual stresses and hole wall peak stress, painted with smooth curve Make the relation between surface residual stress and hole wall peak stress.
5. the peak stress detection method according to claim 1 with laser impact intensified hole wall, it is characterised in that described S07 comprises the following steps:
S07.1:At least five point is taken around hole center at hole wall Amm in specimen surface, measures its residual-stress value;
S07.2:Residual-stress value is analyzed with the method for mathematical statistics, in this group of data in the range of to take confidence level be 95% Intermediate value is residual-stress value.
6. the peak stress detection method with laser impact intensified hole wall according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that The A is no more than 3mm.
7. the peak stress detection method according to claim 1 with laser impact intensified hole wall, it is characterised in that described S08 is specially:According to the surface residual stress measured in S07, the theoretical residual stress of the hole wall surface obtained in S05 is compareed With the relation curve of hole wall peak stress, the estimate of sample aperture wall stress peak value is drawn.
8. the peak stress detection method according to claim 1 with laser impact intensified hole wall, it is characterised in that described The material of sample is aluminium alloy, and the laser power density in the laser-impact technological parameter is respectively 2.83GW/cm2- 10.62GW/cm2, laser blast wave load peaks pressure is respectively 2.3GPa-4.5GPa.
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CN110361121B (en) * 2018-04-09 2020-12-25 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 Accurate prediction method for laser shock peening induced residual stress field
CN113654711A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-11-16 西安交通大学 Method for measuring peak pressure of Gaussian nanosecond pulse laser induced shock wave
CN114486032A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-05-13 中国航空制造技术研究院 Corner laser shock peening residual stress analysis method

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