CN107387932A - A kind of vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion - Google Patents
A kind of vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN107387932A CN107387932A CN201710645306.6A CN201710645306A CN107387932A CN 107387932 A CN107387932 A CN 107387932A CN 201710645306 A CN201710645306 A CN 201710645306A CN 107387932 A CN107387932 A CN 107387932A
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003519 ventilatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/04—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
- F16L55/045—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids specially adapted to prevent or minimise the effects of water hammer
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for suppressing pipeline valve cavitation corrosion, belong to the anti-cavitation field of hydraulic engineering.For the cavitation and cavitation erosion problem of water-delivery valve in Waterpower type ship elevator, a kind of vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion is proposed：Including basic ventilation Dam Configuration Design；The throughput of corrosion inhibitor needs is obtained by vacuum experiment；Passage is set in valve downstream water pipe section according to result of the test；The dominant frequency occurred using hydrophone checking cavitation is disappeared.It is an advantage of the invention that：1) ring-shaped ventilation measure is used, aeration scope is wide；2) aeration before valve, aerated flow are fully blended, bubble is smalllyer scattered, and air entrainment is uniform, preferably can be wrapped in around vacuole, absorbs the energy of bubble collapse by valve flowing channel.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to be applied to pipeline valve the present invention relates to a kind of method for suppressing pipeline valve cavitation corrosion, can
Solves its Horizontal vent method that cavitation and cavitation erosion occurs under high flow rate and takes.Belong to the anti-cavitation field of hydraulic engineering.
Background technology
Under the conditions of constant-pressure and high-temperature (reaching boiling point) boiling phenomenon, bubble can occur for liquid.In Room-temperature low-pressure condition
Under, once internal fluid pressure is less than its saturated vapor pressure, also can bubble, bubble motion to higher-pressure region, external pressure make
Crumbled and fall rapidly with lower, while bubble condenses rupture, liquid particle produces very strong with very high speed filling hole, moment
Water hammer, and metal surface is hit with very high frequency of impact, impact stress is up to hundreds to thousands atmospheric pressure, impact frequency
Rate can puncture fluid contact level when serious, this phenomenon is referred to as cavitation and cavitation erosion up to tens of thousands of times per second.
The cavitation condition of liquid generally described with cavitation number σ, cavitation number is a dimensionless group, expression formula in engineering
It is as follows：
In formula, PcFor the relative pressure of liquid internal, Pa；γ is the proportion of liquid；PaFor the atmospheric pressure of liquid external,
Pa；PvFor the saturated vapour pressure of liquid at ambient temperature, Pa；V is flow rate of liquid, m/s.
The cavitation number that we obtain when cavitation will be had not occurred is referred to as critical cavitation number, is denoted as σi, by work
Ratio σ/σ of cavitation number and critical cavitation numberiReferred to as with respect to cavitation number, show that cavitation has occurred and that when being less than 1 with respect to cavitation number,
Show that cavitation has not occurred when being more than 1 with respect to cavitation number, smaller with respect to cavitation number to represent cavitation more violent.According to determining for cavitation number
Justice understands that water-delivery valve upstream and downstream water-head is bigger, and flow velocity is faster, and cavitation is stronger.Waterpower type ship elevator water-carriage system passes through
Valve controlling flow, sluicing is filled to vertical shaft, the float-type balance weight lifting in vertical shaft is driven, so as to drive ship railway carriage or compartment to run.Water delivery
Valve, equivalent to the throat of water-carriage system, control action, status is played to the speed of service of ship lift as flow regulating part
It is extremely important.For the Waterpower type ship elevator that hoisting depth is 100m, the working head of valve reaches more than 50m, the meeting at valve
Cause violent cavitation and cavitation erosion.In order to ensure that cavitation does not occur for service valve, used in engineering and reduce valve opening, intermittently starting
Method.But such method reduces the operational efficiency of ship lift, for the high ship lifts of 100m, ship railway carriage or compartment is up once,
Take nearly 50min, it is impossible to realize the quick purpose for crossing dam of ship lift.Improve Waterpower type ship elevator operational efficiency key technology it
One, exactly solve cavitation and cavitation erosion of the valve in water delivery process, this is the key technical problems of Waterpower type ship elevator design, and mesh
Preceding urgent problem to be solved.
Prevent that pipeline industry valve from flashing or the generation of cavitation erosion typically there are following several measures：
1) control valve is arranged at the lower position of system as far as possible, it is relative to improve downstream pressure value.
2) material hardness, erosion wear resistance and the wearability of control valve are improved, under certain conditions cavitation erosion can be allowed to deposit
, and it is less likely to be damaged the internals of control valve.
3) the original drooping characteristic of regulating valve is changed in the upstream of regulating valve or downstream installation restriction orifice.
4) ventilated after valve, absorb cavitation corrosion energy.
1) and 2) two methods are only used for the weaker situation of cavitation corrosion intensity, and anti-cavitation corrosion effect is limited, in addition method 2)
Cost is higher；Method 3) resistance coefficient of water-carriage system is added, greatly reduce the conveyance capacity of water-carriage system；Method 4)
Valve downstream pipeline can be protected, but the cavitation erosion of valve internal can not be protected.
It is one of means of elimination cavitation and cavitation erosion commonly used in engineering to force aeration.But how gas is incorporated into fluid
In the problem of being a complexity.Because although inappropriate vent method gas is passed into fluid, gas is fast in a fluid
Speed is merged into air pocket bag group, it is impossible to plays erosion reduction.Therefore the vent method of prior art is to defeated in Waterpower type ship elevator
The cavitation and cavitation erosion problem of penstock all can not be solved effectively.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：For the cavitation and cavitation erosion problem of water-delivery valve in Waterpower type ship elevator,
It is proposed a kind of vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above technical problem includes：
1) ventilate substantially Dam Configuration Design；
2) throughput of corrosion inhibitor needs is obtained by vacuum experiment；
3) passage is set in valve downstream water pipe section according to result of the test；
4) dominant frequency occurred using hydrophone checking cavitation is disappeared.
Described 1) basic Dam Configuration Design includes：
Passage 1a) is set in valve downstream water pipe section；
Ventilation endless tube 1b) is set in passage periphery；
1c) the symmetrical connection vent branch on ventilation endless tube；
The vent branch symmetrically connected 1d) is converged into vent stack；
1f) vent stack connects air compressor machine.
2) throughput of corrosion inhibitor needs is obtained by vacuum experiment；
The above-mentioned method that the throughput that corrosion inhibitor needs 2) is obtained by vacuum experiment includes following content：
The principal scale degree of pressure relief model 2a) is set, by adjusting the vacuum inside decompression cabinet, realizes valve difference
Cavitation condition, obtain the critical cavitation number σ of each aperture of valvei；
It is 2b) actual according to engineering, valve is calculated under each aperture, with respect to the minimum value of cavitation number, this cavitation most serious,
And Ventiation Testing is carried out under these the most unfavorable processing conditions；
Gas flowmeter and control valve 2c) are housed in ventilation position connection breather pipe, breather pipe, adjusted using control valve logical
The size of tolerance；
1%~5% 2d) is designed, progressive 0.5% ventilation value carries out ventilatory effect checking；
Cavitation noise when 2e) to being passed through different flow gas carries out spectrum analysis, if there is not the excellent of cavitation noise
Gesture frequency, then illustrate that cavitation disappears, throughput meets corrosion inhibitor requirement, determines therefrom that suitable power air entrainment QaAnd aeration flow velocity
va；
2f) determine passage, ventilation endless tube, the construction and moulded dimension of vent branch, wherein passage, ventilation endless tube,
The area of passage S of vent branchk、Sh、SzIt is all higher than Smin=Qa/va；
3) above-mentioned sets passage to include herein below according to result of the test in valve downstream water pipe section：
3a) 4 times of the diameter of ventilation endless tube more than ventilation bore dia；
Circle where the die of endless tube of 3b) ventilating is justified for the periphery of passage set location；
3c) ventilate between endless tube and circular upper water pipeline section and welded using joint-cutting oblique angle, the insertion of ventilation endless tube oblique angle
The 1/2 of upper water pipeline section wall thickness.
3d) according to throughput along ventilation endless tube be equally spaced within one week 2 n power vent branch, vent branch it is straight
Footpath is more than the diameter of ventilation endless tube；
3e) vent branch is equidistantly merged two-by-two by two-in-one bifurcated pipe, is ultimately to be incorporated into vent stack.
4) dominant frequency occurred using hydrophone checking cavitation is disappeared.
Above-mentioned air compressor machine calculation of capacity is as follows：The pressure selection of air compressor machine：First according to required for determining head after valve
Operating pressure, plus 1-2bar surplus；When selecting air compressor machine volume flow, according to decompression test determine throughput,
It is multiplied by 1.2 amplification coefficient.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
1) ring-shaped ventilation measure is used, aeration scope is wide.
2) aeration before valve, aerated flow are fully blended by valve flowing channel, and bubble is smalllyer scattered, and air entrainment is uniform,
It can preferably be wrapped in around vacuole, absorb the energy of bubble collapse.The cavitation prevention of ultrahigh-water head pipeline valve is to be always
One technical barrier, it is directly connected to the safe operation of engineering, and this invention significant effect is simple in construction, substantially increases
Engineering safety, there is good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
The arrangement schematic diagram of Fig. 1 Horizontal vent facilities of the present invention；
The Section A-A schematic diagram of Fig. 2 Horizontal vent facilities of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is ventilation Zhi Kongyu ventilation endless tube detail drawings；
Fig. 4 not aeration when hydrophone noise intensity with emptying valve aperture change procedure schematic diagram；
Hydrophone noise intensity is with emptying valve aperture change procedure after Fig. 5 application this method aerations.
1 valve, 2 water-supply-pipes, 3 ventilation branch holes, 4 ventilation endless tubes, 5 vent branch, 6 vent stacks, 7 air compressor machines
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Specific arrangement is shown in Fig. 1~2.Because head is high before valve 1, pressure is big, can not realize natural aspiration, it is therefore desirable to borrow
Help air compressor machine 7 to be pressurized and air is pressed into the air-breather, uniformly mix current before valve, the bubble being distributed in aerated flow plays gas
Pad acts on, and absorbs huge energy caused by bubble collapse, suppresses cavitation erosion.
Same Fig. 1 of arrangement of case study on implementation of the present invention, it is applied to certain Waterpower type ship elevator emptying valve at present.
1) ventilate substantially Dam Configuration Design；
2) throughput of corrosion inhibitor needs is obtained by vacuum experiment；
3) passage is set in valve downstream water pipe section according to result of the test.
Described 1) basic Dam Configuration Design includes：
Passage 3 1a) is set in the upper water pipeline section of valve 1；
Ventilation endless tube 4 1b) is set in the periphery of passage 3；
1c) the symmetrical connection vent branch 5 on ventilation endless tube 4；
The vent branch 5 symmetrically connected 1d) is converged into vent stack 6；
1f) vent stack 6 connects air compressor machine 7.
Design Fundamentals such as Fig. 1.
2) throughput of corrosion inhibitor needs is obtained by vacuum experiment；
The above-mentioned method that the throughput that corrosion inhibitor needs 2) is obtained by vacuum experiment includes following content：
The principal scale degree of pressure relief model 2a) is set, by adjusting the vacuum inside decompression cabinet, realizes valve difference
Cavitation condition, obtain the critical cavitation number σ of each aperture of valvei；
It is 2b) actual according to engineering, valve is calculated under each aperture, with respect to the minimum value of cavitation number, this cavitation most serious,
And Ventiation Testing is carried out under these the most unfavorable processing conditions；
Gas flowmeter and control valve 2c) are housed in ventilation position connection breather pipe, breather pipe, adjusted using control valve logical
The size of tolerance；
1%~5% 2d) is designed, progressive 0.5% ventilation value carries out ventilatory effect checking；
Not aeration, main valve maximum opening 35% before valve, faint cavitation be present, minimum relative cavitation number is 0.8, water transmission way
45min, the sluicing main valve current noise detected using hydrophone are up to 200Pa (see Fig. 4)；
Cavitation noise when 2e) to being passed through different flow gas carries out spectrum analysis, if there is not the excellent of cavitation noise
Gesture frequency, then illustrate that cavitation disappears, throughput meets corrosion inhibitor requirement, determines therefrom that suitable power air entrainment QaAnd aeration flow velocity
va；
2f) determine passage 3, ventilation endless tube 4, the wherein construction and moulded dimension of vent branch 5, passage 3, ventilation ring
The area of passage S of pipe 4, vent branch 5k、Sh、SzIt is all higher than Smin=Qa/va；
3) above-mentioned sets passage 3 to include herein below according to result of the test in valve downstream water pipe section：
3a) 4 times of the diameter of ventilation endless tube 4 more than the diameter of passage 3；
Circle where the die of endless tube 4 of 3b) ventilating is justified for the periphery of the set location of passage 3；
3c) ventilate between endless tube 4 and circular upper water pipeline section and welded using joint-cutting oblique angle, ventilation endless tube 4 oblique angle is inserted
Enter the 1/2 of the wall thickness of upper water pipeline section 2.
2 n powers vent branch 5 3d) is equally spaced within 4 one weeks along ventilation endless tube according to throughput, vent branch 5
A diameter of diameter for being more than ventilation endless tube 4；
3e) vent branch 5 is equidistantly merged two-by-two by two-in-one bifurcated pipe, is ultimately to be incorporated into vent stack 6.
And design the size of ring-shaped ventilation facility breather pipe：Ventilation branch hole 3 is arranged as φ 20mm@83mm, and sectional area is half
Circular ventilation endless tube 4 is DN100mm, and vent branch 5 is DN70mm, and vent stack 6 is DN133mm.
The above-mentioned calculation of capacity of air compressor machine 7 is as follows：The pressure selection of air compressor machine 7：First according to needed for determining head after valve
The operating pressure wanted, plus 1-2bar surplus；When selecting air compressor machine volume flow, according to the ventilation of decompression test determination
Amount, it is multiplied by 1.2 amplification coefficient.
The throughput of corrosion inhibitor needs is obtained by vacuum experiment, carries out air compressor machine type selecting (Q >=29m3/min,P≥
0.75MPa)。
4) dominant frequency occurred using hydrophone checking cavitation is disappeared.
Using Horizontal vent measure before valve after aeration；Main valve maximum opening 65%, cavitation corrosion intensity is violent, minimum cavitation number
Only 0.3, water transmission way shortens to 15min, and the hydrophone after main valve only monitors current noise, and average noise is
15Pa.Main valve is more than 40% aperture, and current noise, which declines, to be become apparent, average noise 8.5Pa.Show that the cavitation of main valve obtains
Fully suppress (see Fig. 5).
Horizontal vent facility staff mode：Valve 1 opens the small guide vane that cavitation does not occur, and current is produced flow velocity, opens
Air compressor machine 7, after air sequentially enters vent stack 6, vent branch 5, ventilation endless tube 4, fluid is uniformly doped into by ventilation branch hole 3,
Aerated flow is formed before valve, aerated flow passes through cavitation corrosion generating region, suppresses cavitation erosion.
Show through prototype measurement trial operation, emptying effectiveness can be greatly improved in this method, and it is very aobvious to suppress cavitation corrosion effect
Write：
According to the difference of engineering practice, the present invention can also have other embodiments, as long as before pipeline valve 1, defeated
The side wall of waterpipe 2 arranges ring-shaped ventilation facility, and the Cavitation Problems for solving high water head pipeline valve by artificial aeration method exist
In the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion, it is characterised in that：Technical solution of the present invention includes：1) ventilate substantially Dam Configuration Design；2) throughput of corrosion inhibitor needs is obtained by vacuum experiment；3) passage is set in valve downstream water pipe section according to result of the test；4) dominant frequency occurred using hydrophone checking cavitation is disappeared.
- A kind of 2. vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Basic Dam Configuration Design include：A) passage is set in valve downstream water pipe section；B) ventilation endless tube is set in passage periphery；C) the symmetrical connection vent branch on ventilation endless tube；D) vent branch symmetrically connected is converged into vent stack；F) vent stack connects air compressor machine.
- A kind of 3. vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described The method of throughput for corrosion inhibitor is obtained by vacuum experiment needing include following content：A) the principal scale degree of pressure relief model is set, by adjusting the vacuum inside decompression cabinet, realizes the different sky of valve Change state, obtain the critical cavitation number of each aperture of valve；B) it is actual according to engineering, valve is calculated under each aperture, with respect to the minimum value of cavitation number, this cavitation most serious, and Ventiation Testing is carried out under these the most unfavorable processing conditions；C) gas flowmeter and control valve are housed in ventilation position connection breather pipe, breather pipe, throughput is adjusted using control valve Size；D) 1%~5% is designed, progressive 0.5% ventilation value carries out ventilatory effect checking；Cavitation noise when e) to being passed through different flow gas carries out spectrum analysis, if there is not the advantage frequency of cavitation noise Rate, then illustrate that cavitation disappears, throughput meets corrosion inhibitor requirement, determines therefrom that suitable power air entrainment QaAnd aeration flow velocity va；F) passage, ventilation endless tube, the construction and moulded dimension of vent branch, wherein passage, ventilation endless tube, ventilation branch are determined The area of passage S of pipek、Sh、SzIt is all higher than Smin=Qa/va。
- A kind of 4. vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described According to result of the test valve downstream water pipe section set passage include herein below：A) 4 times of the diameter of ventilation endless tube more than ventilation bore dia；B) circle where the die of endless tube of ventilating is justified for the periphery of passage set location；C) ventilate between endless tube and circular upper water pipeline section and welded using joint-cutting oblique angle, ventilation endless tube oblique angle insertion upper water The 1/2 of pipeline section wall thickness；D) according to throughput along ventilation endless tube be equally spaced within one week 2 n power vent branch, vent branch it is a diameter of greatly In the diameter of ventilation endless tube；E) vent branch is equidistantly merged two-by-two by two-in-one bifurcated pipe, is ultimately to be incorporated into vent stack.
- A kind of 5. vent method that can effectively suppress pipeline valve cavitation corrosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Utilize The dominant frequency that hydrophone checking cavitation occurs disappears, and described air compressor machine calculation of capacity is as follows：The pressure selection of air compressor machine：Root first Operating pressure required for being determined according to head after valve, plus 1-2bar surplus；When selecting air compressor machine volume flow, according to subtracting The throughput that pressure experiment determines, it is multiplied by 1.2 amplification coefficient.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710645306.6A CN107387932B (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of vent method that can effectively inhibit pipeline valve cavitation corrosion |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710645306.6A CN107387932B (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2017-08-01 | A kind of vent method that can effectively inhibit pipeline valve cavitation corrosion |
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| CN107387932A true CN107387932A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| CN107387932B CN107387932B (en) | 2019-06-14 |
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| CN107387932B (en) | 2019-06-14 |
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