CN107375280A - Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt are preparing the application in being used to treat the medicine of Alzheimer disease - Google Patents

Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt are preparing the application in being used to treat the medicine of Alzheimer disease Download PDF

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CN107375280A
CN107375280A CN201610329100.8A CN201610329100A CN107375280A CN 107375280 A CN107375280 A CN 107375280A CN 201610329100 A CN201610329100 A CN 201610329100A CN 107375280 A CN107375280 A CN 107375280A
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nitazoxanide
pharmaceutically acceptable
acceptable salt
medicine
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CN107375280B (en
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沈旭
李剑
朱志远
朱进
陈静
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East China University of Science and Technology
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica of CAS
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East China University of Science and Technology
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica of CAS
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/425Thiazoles
    • A61K31/4261,3-Thiazoles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt to prepare the purposes in being used to treat the medicine of Alzheimer disease, and for treating to increasing the nerve degenerative diseases that A β are removed and/or suppression Tau protein phosphorylations are related, such as the purposes of the medicine of Parkinson's etc..In the purposes, Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt can be removed by increasing A β and/or suppress Tau protein phosphorylations and play related drug effect.Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt have the obvious scavenging action for promoting Deiter's cells exogenous A β, the phosphorylation level of Tau albumen in nerve cell can significantly be suppressed, and can significantly reverse the memory injury of APP/PS1 transgenosis AD mouse to act on.

Description

Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt are being prepared for treating in the medicine of Alzheimer disease Using
Technical field
The present invention relates to pharmacotherapeutics field, and in particular to prepared by Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutical composition The purposes in medicine for treating Alzheimer disease, more particularly it relates to Nitazoxanide and There is increase A β to remove and/or suppress Tau albumen phosphorus for its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or its pharmaceutical composition It is acidified and is used to prepare the purposes in the medicines of nerve degenerative diseases such as treatment Alzheimer disease.
Background technology
Alzheimer disease (Alzheimer's Disease, AD) is a kind of progressive nervus retrogression disease Disease, with the outer Amyloid deposition of nerve caused by A beta peptide aggregations, god caused by Protein tau Hyperphosphorylationof It is its outstanding feature through fibre matting and neuronal apoptosis etc..AD has height age-dependent, With age, the AD incidence of disease can be also increased sharply, and ended the whole world in 2011 and had more than 3000 With dementia, and as population in the world is aging, annual AD patient numbers' ten thousand populations are growing at top speed. China has been enter into aged society at present, and AD, which also turns into one, to be caused life of elderly person Quality Down and cause Dead major reason.At present, the illness of patient can only be slowed down by clinically treating AD medicine, and AD process, therefore the hair of the new anti-AD medicines to AD pathogenesis can be blocked can not be blocked Existing urgent demand.With progress of research, AD pathogenesis just peeps clue, A Er Ci Haimo patient's postmortems show that obvious atrophy occurs in its brain tissue, and death extensively occurs in brain cell, when The lesion such as visible obvious senile plaque expelling, neurofibrillary tangles at these positions.Therefore current AD hair Interpretation of the cause, onset and process of an illness system mainly proposes two kinds of hypothesis:Amyloid beta (A β) hypothesis and Protein tau hypothesis, at present Research think that the anti-AD medicines for this two kinds of hypothesis may have the function that blocking AD pathogenesis.
Amyloid beta (A β) hypothesis thinks that aβ protein is one of main component of senile plaque expelling, by forming sediment Powder sample precursor protein (APP) shears generation successively through beta-secretase and gamma-secretase, and it is in cerebral tissue Excessively increase cause nervous system produce oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction etc. ultimately result in Neuron Apoptosis and AD generation.Therefore the generation by suppressing A β or promotion A β removing are generally believed to reduce entirety AD can effectively be prevented or be treated to A β content in brain, and this is also current anti-AD newtype drugs One of main R&D direction (Yamin G, Ono K, Inayathullah M, Teplow D B.Amyloid beta-protein assembly as a therapeutic target of Alzheimer’s disease.Current Pharmaceutical Design,2008,14:3231-3246;Kurz A,Perneczky R.Amyloid clearance as a treatment target against Alzheimer’s disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease,2011,24[Suppl 2]:61-73.)。
Tau albumen hypothesis think that the neurofibrillary tangles formed by Protein tau hyperphosphorylation is finally same The transmission of neuron mediator can be caused to damage, apoptosis of neuron etc. ultimately results in AD.Tau albumen It is a kind of microtubule associated protein, tubulin can be promoted to be assembled into micro-pipe and maintain the structure of micro-pipe, in god Through wide expression in tissue, and by different Hyperphosphorylationof (D.N.Drechsel, A. in AD patient's brain tissue A.Hyman,M.H.Cobb,M.W.Kirschner.Modulation of the dynamic instability of tubulin assembly by the microtubule-associated protein tau.Molecular biology of the cell,1992, 3,:1141).Under normal circumstances, the phosphorylation of Protein tau and dephosphorylation are in dynamic equilibrium, but abnormal feelings Under condition, Protein tau meeting peroxophosphoric acid, the function of maintaining micro-tubular structure is lost, triggers AD, op parkinson's The diseases such as syndrome.
Nitazoxanide, which has, suppresses acetonate, the enzyme dependence electricity of ferrodoxins oxidoreducing enzyme The effect of son transfer, to a variety of enterozoons, such as Amoeba, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura Etc. being respectively provided with obvious activity.In addition some researchs find Nitazoxanides also to anaerobism and microaerobion, such as Helicobacter pylori etc. is active, also has pertinent literature to report that it has antiviral and antineoplastic action. Nitazoxanide is clinically mainly used in the medicine of anti parasitic at present.Increase A β for it at present to remove And/or suppress Tau protein phosphorylations, so as to play anti-Alzheimer disease (Alzheimer ' s disease, AD effect) has no report.The present invention is further discovered that there is Nitazoxanide increase A β to remove and/or press down The effect of Tau protein phosphorylations processed, and with the note for the transgenosis AD model mices for improving APP/PS1 Recall the effect of power damage, therefore the present invention is it has further been discovered that the potentiality that it is treated to new indication.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide the new pharmaceutical of Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt On the way, i.e., it is preparing the purposes in being used to treat the medicine of Alzheimer disease.
In the purposes, Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt can suppress the phosphorus of Tau albumen Acidifying and/or the micromolecular compound for promoting A β to remove.
The pharmaceutically acceptable salt, including inorganic acid salt, acylate, such as malate etc..
It is a further object to provide Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt as suppression The phosphorylation of Tau albumen and/or promote the micromolecular compound that A β are removed prepare treatment removed with A β and / or the medicine of the related nerve degenerative diseases of Tau protein phosphorylations in purposes.
It is described to remove to A β and/or nerve degenerative diseases that Tau protein phosphorylations are related include but unlimited In Parkinson's etc..
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the medicine group for including Nitazoxanide or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt Purposes of the compound in preparation is used to treat the medicine of Alzheimer disease, described pharmaceutical composition include nitre Azoles nit or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and pharmaceutically acceptable various auxiliary materials.
The invention also discloses the pharmaceutical composition to prepare and A β removings and/or Tau protein phosphorylation phases Purposes in the medicine of the nerve degenerative diseases of pass.
Present invention finds the new mechanism of action and drug effect of Nitazoxanide, has the phosphorus for suppressing Tau albumen Acidifying and/or the effect for promoting A β to remove.The compound can be used for treatment Alzheimer disease and with A β And/or the disease treatment that Tau albumen is related.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 Nitazoxanides can substantially increase removing of the BV2 cells to A β.* * represent P<0.001. One-way analysis of variance.
The Tau protein phosphorylations that Fig. 2 Nitazoxanides can substantially suppress BV2 cells are horizontal, have no effect on The expression of Tau albumen.
Fig. 3 Nitazoxanides can be obviously improved the memory injury of APP/PS1 transgenosis AD model mices. * P is represented<0.05, compared with TV (transgenosis solvent group) group.One-way analysis of variance.Fig. 3 a are 8 Every group of preclinical Line Chart of mouse of its time;Fig. 3 b are the 8th day three groups of preclinical block diagrams of mouse; Fig. 3 c are that the 8th day three groups of mouse wear the block diagram of platform number.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but these embodiments should not be construed as The limitation present invention.
Test example
Test example 1:Nitazoxanide (Nitazoxanide, NTZ) increase A β are removed.
The present invention carries out experiment that cell exogenous A β remove to detect Nitazoxanide in BV2 cells The influence removed to A β, experiment show that NTZ has the function that significantly to increase A β removings.
1st, experimental principle
This experiment the effect such as can be gulped down based on BV2 cells by intracellular and exogenous A β are transferred into cell It is interior, then exogenous A β are degraded by relational approach.The present inventor is by exogenous A β , then will be thin and the Nitazoxanide of various concentrations adds common incubation certain time in BV2 cell culture fluids Born of the same parents' broth out, clean cell and crack, obtain and determine the A β contents of intracellular.Final intracellular A β The reduction of content shows Scavenging activity [Jiang Q.ApoE promotes the of the Nitazoxanide to A β proteolytic degradation of Abeta.Neuron,2008;58:681-693].
A β are by ELISA method detection, its principle in this experimental cell:It is intracellular after cracking The orifice plate of white clear 96 that A β have A β antibody with coupling is incubated, and another site for then adding A β resists Body is incubated simultaneously, identifies combination principle by antigen and antibody specific, by A β and its antibody simultaneously It is specific to be adsorbed on 96 orifice plates;Then with the secondary antibody and its colour developing bottom for being coupled horseradish peroxidase Thing (Tetramethylbenzidine, TMB) is incubated, and the coloured product depth and A β contents of generation are into just Than, the absorbance (OD450) of difference bioassay standard pipe and sample tube, calculating A β content.
2nd, experiment material and method
1) A beta determinations kit is purchased from invitrogen companies, and cell culture reagent is purchased from Gibico public affairs Department, A β peptide are purchased from Sigma companies, and BV2 cell deriveds are in ATCC.
2) BV2 cells A β remove experiment:After BV2 cell culture to 70% density, add different The Nitazoxanide (20,10,1,0 μM) of concentration is incubated 18 hours jointly, then adds 2 μ g/mL A β continue to be incubated 3 hours, then cell PBS 3 times, adds cell pyrolysis liquid (50mM Tris, 1%SDS) cracked in 37 DEG C 15 minutes and collect supernatant, then 12,000g is centrifuged 15 minutes, A β in supernatant are determined by ELISA method.
3) supernatant of cell cracking is subjected to 80 times of dilutions with standard dilution, then according to kit institute Offer method is detected.The supernatant after dilution, A β antibody and lotus root are joined into A β another kinds at room temperature 96 orifice plates of antibody are incubated 3 hours jointly, then carry out board-washing 4 with the rinsing liquid provided in kit It is secondary, add lotus root and be associated with the secondary antibody of horseradish peroxidase and be incubated at room temperature 30 minutes, then washed with rinsing liquid Plate five times, nitrite ion is then added in incubation at room temperature 30 minutes, is eventually adding stopping of reaction liquid.With Bio-Rad ELIASAs read OD values at 450nm.
3rd, experimental result
As a result as shown in figure 1, Nitazoxanide can concentration dependent reduce the intracellular A β contents of BV2, The increase A β that showing Nitazoxanide has the function that obvious concentration dependent are removed.
Test example 2:Nitazoxanide (Nitazoxanide, NTZ) suppresses the phosphorylation of Tau albumen.
Neurofibrillary tangles is morbidity important in AD pathology caused by Protein tau Hyperphosphorylationof One of factor.Therefore the present invention tests further research compound Nitazoxanide pair by Western blot The adjustment effect of Protein tau phosphorylation level.As a result show, in BV2 cells, NTZ can be notable Ground reduces by 396 phosphorylation levels of Protein tau.
1st, experimental principle
Western blot are tested:There is wide expression in Tau albumen, in nervous system in BV2 cells Same to have expression, its phosphorylation level height will directly influence tubulin and be assembled into micro-pipe and maintenance The important function of the structure of micro-pipe, therefore directly detect cell using 396 phospho-ABs of Protein tau The phosphorylation level of Protein tau after cracking, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydro-genase (GAPDH) and Tau eggs It is not to influence its expression as increase of the control test compound on Tau phosphorylation in vain.
2nd, experiment material and method
1) cell culture reagent is purchased from Gibico companies, and BV2 cell deriveds are in ATCC, Tau albumen 396 phospho-ABs, Tau protein antibodies, GAPDH antibody are purchased from Cell signaling companies.
2) Western blot test major parameter:Primary antibody:p-Tau(1:1000, Cell signaling are public Department), Tau (1:1000, Cell signaling companies), GAPDH (1:10,000, Kang Cheng biologies); Secondary antibody:Rabbit-anti (anti-Rabbit) (1:5,000, Jackson companies), mouse resists (anti-mouse) (1:10,000, AbCam Co., Ltds).
3) experimental method:In cell experiment, BV2 cell culture treats cell density in six orifice plates For 70% when add various concentrations Nitazoxanide (20,10,1,0 μM), cultivate 24 hours, with After draw nutrient solution, and with PBS 3 times, subsequent cell receives sample buffer solution with SDS-PAGE (25%SDS, 62.5mM Tris, 25% glycerine, 0.1% bromine is fragrant blue, pH6.8) is collected in 1.5mL's In EP pipes, heat in 98 DEG C 15 minutes, then centrifuged 10 minutes with 10,000g in 4 DEG C. Supernatant carries out SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, is then walked around film 90 minutes using semidry method electricity, then by film in Closing 30 minutes in TBST confining liquids (TBS, 0.5% polysorbas20,5% skimmed milk power).Will closing Film afterwards corresponding to 4 DEG C with being incubated overnight.Second day with TBST buffer solutions (TBS, 0.5% polysorbas20) Wash film 3 times (every time 15 minutes), then carry out being incubated 2 hours with secondary antibody.Then equally use TBST Buffer solution washes film 3 times (every time 15 minutes).Finally it is incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) substrate 5 minutes, then using the optical signal collection instrument (imagequant LAS4000mini) of AM General Collect signal.
3rd, experimental result:
As a result as shown in Fig. 2 compared with compareing DMSO treatment groups, Nitazoxanide can be with concentration dependent Suppression Tau albumen phosphorylation (P-Tau), but its total protein (T-Tau) is not influenceed, shown Nitazoxanide can substantially suppress the phosphorylation of Tau albumen.
Test example 3:Nitazoxanide (Nitazoxanide, NTZ) reverses Alzheimer disease to turn base Because of the effect of model mice memory injury.
For the anti-Alzheimer disease (Alzheimer ' s disease, AD) of further clear and definite Nitazoxanide Drug effect, the present invention give APP/PS1 double transgenic AD model mice Nitazoxanides by gastric infusion, Then determine Nitazoxanide by water maze laboratory improves work to transgenosis AD model mices memory injury With.As a result show that Nitazoxanide can reverse the memory injury of AD model mices.
1st, experimental principle
This experiment use for APP/PS1 double transgenic AD model mices (APPswe, PS1dE9). This kind of transgenic mice can high expression is embedding and the swedish mutant APP of mouse/people (Mo/HuAPP695swe) and People deletes in source the albumen of presenilin 1 (presenilin, PS1-dE9) of the 9th extron, this kind of transgenosis Mouse can occur obvious A β when 6 months and deposit and can occur sky when 7 months Between memory infringement.
2nd, experiment material and method
1) the Jackson Laboratory that APP/PS1 double transgenics AD model mices are bought in the U.S. are public Department, then breeds.The transgenic of generation mice is identified, by using tail is cut to mouse, then PCR Identify the APP/PS1 of mouse gene order.Negative control in using nontransgenic mice as experiment is small Mouse.Mouse raise at the standard conditions (circulation of 12/12 hour light and shade, enough water and food, 22 DEG C Constant temperature, 60% humidity).
2) AD model mices are administered:In mouse size in June, 20 transgenic mices are randomly divided into 2 groups (transgenosis solvent group, transgenosis Nitazoxanide 30mg/kg dosage groups), 10 non-transgenics are small Mouse is as negative control group.Nitazoxanide is dissolved in 3 percent Tween 80, then starts continuously to fill Nitazoxanide is administered in stomach, and Behaviors survey detection (Morris water maze laboratories) is carried out after 100 days.
3) Morris water maze laboratories:Reference literature of the present invention carries out water maze laboratory, is simply described below: Morris water mazes instrument is one a diameter of 1.5 meters, deep 60 centimetres round pool;We are by pond It is divided into four quadrants, lower 1.5 centimetres of the pond liquid level of one of quadrant there are one a diameter of 10 centimetres Platform, we train mouse to find and remember platform position;We allow mouse to be instructed three times daily Practice, continue the time of eight days;Mouse is removed platform by us towards pool wall in three respectively in training three times It is placed in water in the quadrant at place, then looks for position of platform to the seconds of mouse 90, if 90 Platform can not be found in second, mouse can be placed on platform by we;Station is arrived regardless of in the case of Mouse on platform can all allow it to place 15 seconds on platform to help it to remember position of platform; Record mouse searches out evaluation index of the time of platform as mouse memory power, takes what is trained three times daily Results averaged, 8 day time, every group of preclinical Line Chart of mouse was shown in Fig. 3 a.At the 8th day, three After secondary training, mouse can carry out platform and find experiment;In current experiment, dive in the platform of underwater Removed, then allow mouse to continue to look within 90 seconds platform, record mouse spanning platform institute in pond Index of the number equally as evaluation mouse memory power, the 8th day three groups of preclinical columns of mouse in position Figure is shown in Fig. 3 b, and the block diagram that the 8th day three groups of mouse wear platform number is shown in Fig. 3 c.
3rd, experimental result
Experimental result during the training of the first eight day is as shown in Figure 3 a, 3 b:AD transgenic mice Incubation period is apparently higher than nontransgenic mice, and the incubation period of the transgenic mice of 30mg/kg/day administrations It is substantially shorter than the transgenic mice of solvent group;These results illustrate APP/PS1 transgenic models mouse There is obvious damage in memory, and Nitazoxanide can significantly reverse this memory injury.Last Secondary platform finds the result of experiment as shown in Figure 3 c:The number of transgenic mice spanning platform position Considerably less than nontransgenic mice, and the spanning platform position of the transgenic mice of Nitazoxanide administration Number substantially than solvent processing transgenic mice it is more;These result further instructions APP/PS1's There is obvious damage in the memory of transgenic models mouse, and Nitazoxanide can significantly reverse it is this Memory injury.

Claims (7)

1. Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt are preparing the medicine for treating Alzheimer disease In purposes.
2. purposes according to claim 1, wherein, Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt A β can be increased and remove and/or suppress Tau protein phosphorylations.
3. Nitazoxanide and its pharmaceutically acceptable salt are being prepared for treating and A β removings and/or Tau Purposes in the medicine of the related nerve degenerative diseases of protein phosphorylation.
It is described to be removed with A β and/or Tau protein phosphorylation phases 4. purposes according to claim 3 The nerve degenerative diseases of pass include Parkinson's.
5. a kind of pharmaceutical composition is preparing the purposes in being used to treat the medicine of Alzheimer disease, described Pharmaceutical composition includes Nitazoxanide or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary material.
6. the pharmaceutical composition containing Nitazoxanide or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt prepare be used for treat with Purposes in the medicine for the nerve degenerative diseases that A β are removed and/or Tau protein phosphorylations are related.
It is described to be removed with A β and/or Tau protein phosphorylation phases 7. purposes according to claim 6 The nerve degenerative diseases of pass include Parkinson's.
CN201610329100.8A 2016-05-17 2016-05-17 Application of nitazoxanide and pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing medicament for treating Alzheimer disease Expired - Fee Related CN107375280B (en)

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CN111012778A (en) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-17 北京市农林科学院 Application of Nitazoxanide in inhibiting canine parvovirus
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CN110650958A (en) * 2017-03-21 2020-01-03 诺瓦莱德制药公司 Therapeutic agents for phosphodiesterase inhibition and related disorders
WO2019097050A1 (en) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-23 Köster [2-[(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]ethanoate for use in lymphangioleiomyomatosis and other diseases
US11547699B2 (en) 2017-11-17 2023-01-10 Hubert Köster [2-[(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]ethanoate for use in lymphangioleiomyomatosis and other diseases
WO2019241376A1 (en) * 2018-06-14 2019-12-19 The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York Treatment of cognitive disorders using nitazoxanide (ntz), nitazoxanide (ntz) analogs, and metabolites thereof
CN111012778A (en) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-17 北京市农林科学院 Application of Nitazoxanide in inhibiting canine parvovirus
CN111012778B (en) * 2018-10-10 2022-06-24 北京市农林科学院 Application of Nitazoxanide in inhibiting canine parvovirus
CN109364067A (en) * 2018-11-17 2019-02-22 王海玲 A kind of drug and application thereof improving blood-brain barrier permeability
CN109364067B (en) * 2018-11-17 2020-07-28 王海玲 Application of compound in preparation of medicine for improving blood brain barrier permeability
CN115197164A (en) * 2021-04-12 2022-10-18 杜心赟 Novel thiazole compound and preparation method and application thereof
CN113277994A (en) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-20 杜心赟 Thiazole compound and preparation method and application thereof

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