CN107374635A - The lung function instrument of cross-infection can be prevented - Google Patents
The lung function instrument of cross-infection can be prevented Download PDFInfo
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- CN107374635A CN107374635A CN201710706777.3A CN201710706777A CN107374635A CN 107374635 A CN107374635 A CN 107374635A CN 201710706777 A CN201710706777 A CN 201710706777A CN 107374635 A CN107374635 A CN 107374635A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of lung function instrument for preventing cross-infection, including flow sensor and lung function instrument main frame, flow sensor with lung function instrument main frame is detachable fits together, the flow sensor is hollow tubular structure, pressure port including main channel and located at main channel tube wall, main channel outer wall is provided with the pressure hole post communicated with pressure port gas, it is characterised in that the volume size of the pressure hole post internal cavities meets following condition：During pulmonary function detection, the gas of tester's exhalation or suction enters pressure hole post by pressure port, and is maintained in pressure hole post without touching the connecting tube beyond flow sensor.Lung function instrument of the present invention can isolate the other pipelines or cavity that the pollutants such as bacterium or virus enter pulmonary function detection instrument, avoid the cross-infection during pulmonary function test (pft).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pulmonary function detection field, more particularly to the lung function instrument of cross-infection can be prevented.
Background technology
The product such as PFT instrument, spirometer on existing market, using bite plus the side of disposable breathing circuit filter
Method avoids cross-infection, although bite and filter are all disposable, disposable breathing circuit filter can not select
Efficiency highest filter is filtered, filter efficiency is higher, also bigger to the resistance of air-flow although isolation effect is better, to lung
The gas flow of functional examination influences also can be bigger, the error of measure is become big, therefore disposable breathing circuit filter can only be taken into account
Filter efficiency, the less filter of gas-flow resistance is selected, in spite of isolation bacterium and the effect of virus, but can not thoroughly isolated
Bacterium or cell entry flow sensor.
After avoiding cross-infection PFT instrument application filter, it is necessary to periodically PFT instrument is cleaned and disappeared
Poison, medical PFT instrument is expensive, complicated, it is necessary to and it is that professional dismantles instrument by specific purpose tool, and easily
Damage, thorough drying is needed after sterilization, also needs to re-calibrate before use, whole process is comparatively laborious, consume many times and
Expense, instrument can not be used in a very long time.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome disadvantages mentioned above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of PFT that is used for for preventing cross-infection to survey
Fixed flow sensor, is hollow tubular structure, including main channel and the pressure port located at main channel tube wall, outside main channel
Wall is provided with the pressure hole post communicated with pressure port gas, and the volume size of the pressure hole post internal cavities meets following bar
Part：During pulmonary function detection, the gas of tester's exhalation or suction enters pressure hole post by pressure port, and is maintained at
Without touching the connecting line beyond flow sensor in pressure hole post.
According to The Ideal-Gas Equation and Boyle's law, at a certain temperature, the volume of quantitative gas and gas
Pressure is inversely proportional, and sets suitable pressure range, and press-in or the gas volume change of spilling pressure hole post chamber can be limited
System will not touch the connecting line beyond flow sensor in pressure hole post.
Wherein, the volume of pressure hole post internal cavities meets following condition, V1>K(V1+V2), V1For body in pressure hole post
Product, V2For the gas volume in the connecting pipe that is connected with pressure hole post, K is constant.
Further K value calculations are, according to formula IV and Δ p compared with atmospheric pressure, obtain K values, wherein formula IV：Δ p is the pressure difference in expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion in formula, and ρ is fluid density, and Q is flow, A1
For the sectional area of intake section, A2For the sectional area in aditus laryngis portion, by adjusting A1With A2, obtain Δ p.
Preferably, the K values are 10%.
Further, the main channel master include be sequentially connected expiration intake section, the first tapering, aditus laryngis portion and second
Tapering, low pressure pressure port is offered on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion and is connected with low pressure pressure hole post, is opened on the tube wall of expiration intake section
Connected provided with the first high pressure pressure port and with the first high pressure pressure hole post, high pressure pressure hole post passes through connecting pipe and differential pressure pickup
Positive press bond, low pressure pressure hole post by connecting pipe and the negative press bond of differential pressure pickup,
Further, the second high pressure pressure port is offered on the tube wall in the second tapering and is connected with the second high pressure pressure hole post
It is logical, the positive press bond of the second high pressure pressure hole post and differential pressure pickup.
Further, in cylinder, the diameter of expiration intake section is more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion for expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion,
First tapering and the second tapering are in truncated cone-shaped, and the first tapering and the less one end of the second taper diameter are respectively facing aditus laryngis portion.
Further, the cylinder outer wall of pressure hole post is provided with groove void, and sealing ring is assembled in the groove void.
Further, in addition to gripping mechanism.
Further, the gripping mechanism on flow sensor be removably connected to by connecting seat on lung function instrument with
The connecting pipe of differential pressure pickup connection.
The invention provides a kind of method that cross-infection is prevented during lung function tests, including a kind of flow is provided and passed
Sensor, the flow sensor are hollow tubular structure, including main channel and the pressure port located at main channel tube wall, main ventilation
Pipe outer wall is provided with the pressure hole post communicated with pressure port gas, and the volume size satisfaction of the pressure hole post internal cavities is following
Condition：During pulmonary function detection, the gas of tester's exhalation or suction enters pressure hole post by pressure port, and is kept
Without touching the connecting line beyond flow sensor in pressure hole post.
Wherein, the volume of pressure hole post internal cavities meets following condition, V1>K(V1+V2), V1For body in pressure hole post
Product, V2For the gas volume in the connecting pipe that is connected with pressure hole post, K is constant.
Further K value calculations are, according to formula IV and Δ p compared with atmospheric pressure, obtain K values, wherein formula IV：Δ p is the pressure difference in expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion in formula, and ρ is fluid density, and Q is flow, A1
For the sectional area of intake section, A2For the sectional area in aditus laryngis portion, by adjusting A1With A2, obtain Δ p.
Preferably, the K values are 10%.
Present invention also offers a kind of lung function instrument for preventing cross-infection, including flow sensor, itself and PFT
Detachable the fitting together of instrument main frame collectively forms lung function instrument.The flow sensor is hollow tubular structure, including master
Breather pipe and the pressure port located at main channel tube wall, main channel outer wall are provided with the pressure port communicated with pressure port gas
Post, the volume size of the pressure hole post internal cavities meet following condition：During pulmonary function detection, tester exhalation or
The gas of suction enters pressure hole post by pressure port, and be maintained in pressure hole post without touch flow sensor with
Outer connecting line.
Wherein, the volume of pressure hole post internal cavities meets following condition, V1>K(V1+V2), V1For body in pressure hole post
Product, V2For the gas volume in the connecting pipe that is connected with pressure hole post, K is constant.Preferably, the K values are 10%.
Further K value calculations are, according to formula IV and Δ p compared with atmospheric pressure, obtain K values, wherein formula IV：Δ p is the pressure difference in expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion in formula, and ρ is fluid density, and Q is flow, A1
For the sectional area of intake section, A2For the sectional area in aditus laryngis portion, by adjusting A1With A2, obtain Δ p.
The lung function instrument includes differential pressure pickup.The pressure that the differential pressure pickup passes through connecting pipe and flow sensor
Hole post connects.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Air in flow sensor pressure hole post can rise
To buffer action, the gas for breathing out subject is not readily accessible to the other instruments equipment of lung function instrument, for example, with pressure hole post
The connecting seat or conduit of connection, therefore the connecting seat and conduit being reused can not possibly touch the gas of subject, and this
Inventing the flow sensor can change at any time, thus avoid cross-infection.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 has the disposable flow sensor diagrammatic cross-section of two pressure hole posts.
The structural representation that disposable flow sensor shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 1 is connected with differential pressure pickup.
Air column change location diagrammatic cross-section when there is Fig. 3 the disposable flow sensor of two pressure hole posts to exhale.
Fig. 4 has the disposable flow sensor diagrammatic cross-section of three pressure hole posts.
The structural representation that disposable flow sensor shown in Fig. 5 Fig. 4 is connected with differential pressure pickup.
Air column change location diagrammatic cross-section when there is Fig. 6 the disposable flow sensor of three pressure hole posts to exhale.
Air column change location diagrammatic cross-section when Fig. 7 has the disposable flow sensor air-breathing of three pressure hole posts.
Flow sensor and T-shaped pipe connection diagram in Fig. 8 embodiments 4.
Embodiment
The flow sensor for pulmonary function detection as shown in Fig. 1 to 7, its removably group with lung function instrument main frame
It is fitted together and collectively forms lung function instrument.The flow sensor can prevent cross-infection, including main channel and located at main logical
The pressure port of tracheae tube wall, main channel outer wall are provided with the pressure hole post communicated with pressure port gas.Pulmonary function test (pft) person passes through
Main channel breathes out or suction gas, and pressure port is the sampled point of gas flow in differential pressure pickup collection main channel.Pressure difference
The airway tube of sensor is not directly connected to pressure port, but is indirectly attached to pressure port by pressure port post.It is described to take
The volume size of pressure hole post internal cavities meets following condition：During pulmonary function detection, the gas of tester's exhalation or suction
Know from experience and be pressed into by pressure port or overflow pressure hole post, but be limited in pressure hole post it is interior without touch flow sensor with
Outer connecting line.
Embodiment 1 has the flow sensor of two pressure hole posts
Flow sensor as shown in Figures 1 to 3, its main channel include expiration intake section 1, the first tapering being sequentially connected
2nd, the tapering 4 of aditus laryngis portion 3 and second.Low pressure pressure port 31 is offered on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion 3 and is connected with low pressure pressure hole post 5,
The first high pressure pressure port 21 is offered on the tube wall of expiration intake section 1 and is connected with the first high pressure pressure hole post 6.Expiration intake section
1 and aditus laryngis portion 3 be more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion in cylinder, the diameter of expiration intake section.First tapering 2 and section in the second tapering 4
Face is in truncated cone-shaped, and the first tapering and the less one end of the second taper diameter are respectively facing aditus laryngis portion.
As shown in Fig. 2 the connecting pipe 201 of differential pressure pickup 200 is connected on the pressure hole post jack 101 of connecting seat 100,
The position of the pressure hole post jack 101 is relative with the low pressure pressure hole post 5 of flow sensor and the first high pressure pressure hole post 6
Should.The pressure hole post of flow sensor shown in Fig. 2 is inserted into the pressure hole post jack 101 of connecting seat, you can complete pressure difference
The connection of sensor connecting pipe and flow sensor pressure port.The positive press bond of high pressure pressure hole post and differential pressure pickup is low
Press the negative press bond of pressure hole post and differential pressure pickup.As shown in figure 3, when tester is into the main channel of flow sensor
After incoming call gas, the gas of incoming call enters low pressure pressure hole post 5 and height by low pressure pressure port 31 and high-pressure sampling hole 21 respectively
Press in pressure hole post 6.The gas 301 that original air 300 is just newly entered in pressure hole post and connecting pipe 201 constantly compresses,
Until the gas in new incoming call to pressure hole post establishes new balance with original gas.It is empty inside pressure hole post of the present invention
The volume size of chamber meets following condition：After the gas of tester's exhalation enters pressure hole post by pressure port, newly enter
Gas can compress the air in the air being originally present in pressure hole post and the pipeline being attached thereto, but compressed air is most
Upper end is always positioned in pressure hole post.As shown in figure 3, established newly because the volume of pressure hole post internal cavities is enough to ensure that
During balance, the gas 301 that newly enters, which is still retained in pressure hole post, will not enter connecting pipe.
Embodiment 2 has the flow sensor of three pressure hole posts
Flow sensor as shown in Fig. 4 to 7, its main channel include expiration intake section 1, the first tapering being sequentially connected
2nd, the tapering 4 of aditus laryngis portion 3 and second.Low pressure pressure port 31 is offered on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion 3 and is connected with low pressure pressure hole post 5,
The first high pressure pressure port 21 is offered on the tube wall in the first tapering 2 and is connected with the first high pressure pressure hole post 6.Second tapering 4
The second high pressure pressure port 41 is offered on tube wall and is connected with the second high pressure pressure hole post 7.Expiration intake section 1 and aditus laryngis portion 3 are in
Cylinder, the diameter of expiration intake section are more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion.The section in the first tapering 2 and the second tapering 4 is in truncated cone-shaped, the
One tapering and the less one end of the second taper diameter are respectively facing aditus laryngis portion.
As shown in figure 5, the connecting pipe 201 of differential pressure pickup 200 is connected on the pressure hole post jack 101 of connecting seat 100,
The position of the pressure hole post jack 101 is corresponding with the low pressure pressure hole post and high pressure pressure hole post of flow sensor.First
The positive press bond of high pressure pressure hole post 6 and the first differential pressure pickup, the second high pressure pressure hole post 7 and the second differential pressure pickup
Positive press bond, the low-pressure end of two differential pressure pickups are connected with low pressure pressure hole post 5 respectively by three-way pipe.As shown in fig. 6,
After tester's incoming call gas into the main channel of flow sensor, the gas of incoming call passes through low pressure pressure port 31 and height respectively
Thief hole 21,41 is pressed to enter in low pressure pressure hole post 5 and high pressure pressure hole post 6,7.It is original in pressure hole post and connecting pipe 201
The gas 301 that air 300 is just newly entered constantly compresses, until the gas in new incoming call to pressure hole post is built with original gas
Vertical new balance.As shown in fig. 7, after tester sucks gas into the main channel of flow sensor, the gas point of incoming call
Do not entered by low pressure pressure port 31 and high-pressure sampling hole 21,41 in low pressure pressure hole post 5 and high pressure pressure hole post 6,7.Pressure
The gas 301 that original air 300 is just newly entered in hole post and connecting pipe 201 constantly compresses, until being newly sucked into pressure port
Gas in post establishes new balance with original gas.The volume sizes of pressure hole post internal cavities of the present invention meet with
Lower condition：After the gas that tester breathes out or sucked enters pressure hole post by pressure port, the gas newly entered can compress original
Originally the air in the air being present in pressure hole post and the pipeline being attached thereto, but compressed air is topmost always positioned at
In pressure hole post.As shown in Figures 6 and 7, because the volume of pressure hole post internal cavities is enough to ensure that when establishing new balance, newly
The gas 301 of entrance will not enter connecting pipe.
The flow sensor of embodiment 3 optimizes structure
Flow sensor between differential pressure pickup is detachable connection during use to be disposable.
In order to ensure connecting pipe is connected with flow sensor in test process air-tightness, pressure hole post and it is attached thereto
Potted component is provided between pipeline, such as groove void 9 is externally provided with for depositing sealing ring 19 in the pressure hole post of flow sensor.
In further embodiments, flow sensor also includes flow sensor can be stably mounted to lung function instrument main frame
On gripping mechanism.Gripping mechanism is that can guarantee that the flow sensor on insertion PFT main frame will not take off in use
Fall, while after use, flow sensor and can is smoothly extracted from the main frame of lung function instrument.The gripping mechanism for example but
It is not limited to, such as the gripping mechanism of flow sensor is the claw 11 of plum blossom-shaped structure, it has certain elastic folding, connecting seat
Or flow sensor main frame is provided with the part 102 being engaged with the claw.In another example gripping mechanism is with press-button structure
Suppress buckle.
The computational methods of the pressure hole post chamber portions of embodiment 4
According to bernoulli principle, rate of flow of fluid meets equation with pressure：P is fluid in formula
In certain pressure for putting, v is the flow velocity of the air-flow point, and ρ is fluid density, and g is acceleration of gravity, and h is height where the point, and C is
One constant.For gas, gravity can be neglected, be formula I by simplified formula:The flow velocity of air-flow is bigger, pressure
Power is smaller.Flow meets formula II with flow velocity：V=Q/A, Q is flow in formula, and A is the sectional area of the air-flow pipe.Air-flow stream
It is equal to cross the flow of expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion, but sectional area is unequal, can show that flow velocity is also unequal according to formula II, if
The sectional area of intake section is A1, flow velocity v1, pressure p1；The sectional area in aditus laryngis portion is A2, flow velocity v2, pressure p2.According to
Formula I, pressure difference can be releasedFormula IV can be obtained by being substituted into again with formula II：According to lung function instrument examination criteria, detection flows peak value is 14L/s, by regulation exhale into
The sectional area in gas portion and aditus laryngis portion, it is 10kPa to make expiration intake section and the pressure difference peak value in aditus laryngis portion.When no air-flow flows through flow
During sensor, p1、p2All it is standard atmospheric pressure, when there is air-flow to flow through flow sensor, p1、p2Can be in the range of 10kPa up and down
Fluctuation, standard atmospheric pressure is about 101kPa, therefore the pressure change scope of pressure tappings is 10%.
According to The Ideal-Gas Equation and Boyle's law, at a certain temperature, the volume of quantitative gas and gas
Pressure is inversely proportional, and meets formula III：PV=C, P is the pressure of gas in formula, and V is the volume of gas, if pressure hole post inner volume
For V1, the gas volume in connecting pipe is V2, P and (V can be released according to formula III1+V2) be inversely proportional, P declines 10%, then (V1+
V2) become big by 10%；Conversely, P rises 10%, then (V1+V2) diminish 10%, volume (V1+V2) size variation can cause air column
Fluctuation up and down, as long as ensure V1>10% (V1+V2), flowing through the air-flow of flow sensor only can partly be pressed into pressure hole post
It is interior, without into connecting pipe.Because flow sensor is disposable, the air in flow sensor pressure hole post can rise
To buffer action, the gas that subject breathes out is set to be not readily accessible to connecting seat or connecting pipe, therefore the connecting seat being reused
The gas of subject can not possibly be touched with connecting pipe, avoids cross-infection.
Embodiment 5 prevents the contrast test of cross-infection
Two kinds of disposable flow sensor 10, connecting seat and differential pressure pickups are pressed into Fig. 2 (experimental groups after sterilization treatment
1) (experimental group 2) is connected with Fig. 5, then calibrating cylinder 402 with atomizer 401 and 3L respectively by T-shaped pipe 400 is attached, such as
Shown in Fig. 8.It is 5 × 10 with 0.9% physiological saline configuration bacterium colony8Cfu/ml standard bacteria suspension 5ml, open atomizer production
Endophytic bacteria aerosol droplet, then cylinder mould personification body forced expiration is calibrated by 3L, bacterial aerosol droplet and air mixing are pushed away
Become a mandarin quantity sensor, continuous to exhale 5 times, finally extracts disposable flow sensor, separates connecting seat and connecting pipe, respectively with adopting
Sample liquid carries out microbionation, culture, and culture carries out bacterium colony counting after 48 hours.Specific contrast experiment's step referring to《PFT
Detect the development and exploitation of special breathing circuit filter》(2003 grades of master thesis, Guangzhou Medical College, in May, 2006).
Table 1：The sterile test result of experimental group 1
Table 2：The sterile test result of experimental group 2
Experimental result is shown in Tables 1 and 2, as a result flow sensor of the present invention can guarantee that the connecting seat that is attached thereto and
Connecting pipe still conforms to Sterile standard after pulmonary function detection terminates.
Claims (7)
1. the lung function instrument of cross-infection can be prevented, including flow sensor and lung function instrument main frame, flow sensor and lung work(
Can instrument main frame is detachable fits together, the flow sensor is hollow tubular structure, including main channel and located at master
The pressure port of ventilation tube wall, main channel outer wall are provided with the pressure hole post communicated with pressure port gas, it is characterised in that institute
The volume size for stating pressure hole post internal cavities meets following condition：During pulmonary function detection, tester's exhalation or suction
Gas pressure hole post is entered by pressure port, and be maintained in pressure hole post without touching beyond flow sensor
Connecting line.
2. lung function instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the main channel master includes the expiration being sequentially connected
Intake section, the first tapering, aditus laryngis portion and the second tapering, offer on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion low pressure pressure port and with low pressure pressure port
Post connects, and offers the first high pressure pressure port on the tube wall of expiration intake section and is connected with the first high pressure pressure hole post, high pressure takes
Hole post is pressed by connecting pipe and the positive press bond of differential pressure pickup, low pressure pressure hole post passes through connecting pipe and differential pressure pickup
Negative press bond.
3. lung function instrument according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the second high pressure is offered on the tube wall in the second tapering and is taken
Press the positive press bond of the connection of Kong Bingyu the second high pressure pressures hole post, the second high pressure pressure hole post and differential pressure pickup.
4. lung function instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion exhale in cylinder
The diameter of intake section is more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion, and the first tapering and the second tapering are in truncated cone-shaped, and the first tapering and the second tapering are straight
The less one end in footpath is respectively facing aditus laryngis portion.
5. lung function instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cylinder outer wall of pressure hole post is provided with groove void, sealing
Circle is assembled in the groove void.
6. lung function instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including gripping mechanism.
7. lung function instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gripping mechanism on flow sensor passes through connecting seat
Removably it is connected to the connecting pipe being connected on lung function instrument with differential pressure pickup.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710706777.3A CN107374635B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Pulmonary function instrument capable of preventing cross infection |
| CN202211206125.0A CN116236181A (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Lung function instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710706777.3A CN107374635B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Pulmonary function instrument capable of preventing cross infection |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211206125.0A Division CN116236181A (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Lung function instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107374635A true CN107374635A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| CN107374635B CN107374635B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211206125.0A Pending CN116236181A (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Lung function instrument |
| CN201710706777.3A Active CN107374635B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Pulmonary function instrument capable of preventing cross infection |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211206125.0A Pending CN116236181A (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Lung function instrument |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107174250A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-09-19 | 台州亿联健医疗科技有限公司 | Disposable flow sensor, sensor handle and pulmonary function analysing system |
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| CN107374635B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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