CN107371318A - Pole insert for cyclotron - Google Patents
Pole insert for cyclotron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107371318A CN107371318A CN201710320773.1A CN201710320773A CN107371318A CN 107371318 A CN107371318 A CN 107371318A CN 201710320773 A CN201710320773 A CN 201710320773A CN 107371318 A CN107371318 A CN 107371318A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- edge
- mound
- fan block
- insert
- depression
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
- H05H13/005—Cyclotrons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/04—Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof
Abstract
A kind of magnetic pole for isochronism sector-focused cyclotron includes including the upper surface using following four edges edge as border around the alternatively distributed mound fan blocks of central axis Z and paddy fan block, each mound fan block：Upper peripheral edge, upper center edge, the first and second upper edges.The upper surface of at least one mound fan block further comprises：Depression, the depression extend a segment length along the longitudinal axis intersected with the upper peripheral edge and the upper center edge between near-end and distal end, and the depression separates at least the 80% of its length with first and second upper edge；And pole insert, the pole insert, which has, to be coordinated the geometry in the depression and is positioned in the depression and reversibly couples with the depression.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to cyclotron.In particular it relates to isochronism sector-focused cyclotron, described time
Accelerator is revolved to caused magnetic field between two opposite mounds fan blocks (hill sector) with two magnetic poles with the micro- of enhancing
Regulation and control system.
Technical background
Cyclotron is a kind of round particle accelerator, wherein negatively charged particle or positively charged particle along spiral path from
The center of cyclotron outwards accelerates until some MeV energy.Except as otherwise noted, term " cyclotron " is following
It is used to refer to isochronous cyclotron in content.Cyclotron is used for various fields, such as nuclear physics, medical therapy,
Such as proton therapy, or for radiopharmacy.Specifically, cyclotron can be used for production be suitable for PET imaging (just
Electron emission x-ray tomography art) short life Positron emitting isotopes or production for example for SPECT be imaged (single photon
Launch computerized tomography) gamma emission isotope (for example, Tc99m).
Cyclotron includes some elements, including injected system, the radio frequency (RF) for accelerating charged particle accelerate
System, for along exact path guide the magnetic system of accelerated particle, the extraction system for collecting the particle so accelerated and
For the vacuum system of vacuum to be created and maintained in cyclotron.
By injected system with relatively low initial velocity by the particle beams that charged ion forms at cyclotron center
At or near be introduced into gap.As show in Figure 3, the particle beams is accelerated in order and repeatedly by RF acceleration systems
And guided outwardly along the spiral path in the gap by magnetic field caused by magnetic system.When the particle beams reaches its target energy
During amount, the particle beams is drawn from cyclotron by the extraction system provided in leading point PE.The extraction system can be with
Including the stripper being for example made up of thin graphite flake.For example, the H through stripper-Ion loses two electronics and is changed into just
's.Therefore, its symbol of the curature variation in their path in magnetic field, and therefore draw particle from cyclotron towards target
Beam.Other well-known extraction systems of those skilled in the art be present.
Magnetic system produces magnetic field, and the magnetic field guides charged particle beam along spiral path and makes its focusing, until itself plus
Speed arrives its target energy.In herein below, term " particle ", " charged particle " and " ion " synonymously makes indistinction
With.Magnetic field is produced in the gap limited by two magnet coils 14 being wrapped on two magnetic poles between these poles.Convolution
The magnetic pole of accelerator is often divided into alternate mound fan block and paddy fan block around central axis distribution.Gap between two magnetic poles
It is smaller and larger at paddy fan block at the fan block of mound.Therefore create high-intensity magnetic field in the mound gap portion in the fan block of mound and fanned in paddy
Weaker magnetic field is created in paddy gap portion in block.This kind of azimuthal magnetic field change reaches mound gap portion every time in the particle beams
When make the particle beams radially and vertical focus on.For this reason, this kind of cyclotron is sometimes referred to as sector focusing convolution and accelerated
Device.In certain embodiments, fan block in mound has fans block geometry with circular as a cake, has towards central axis base
The first and second side surfaces for being radially extended in sheet, the peripheral surface generally bent, the center surface adjacent with central axis,
With the upper surface of the side of restriction mound gap portion.Determined by the first and second lateral edges, peripheral edge and center edge upper surface
Boundary.
Especially because the defects of steel for magnetic pole and/or inhomogeneities, machining accuracy and due to different batches
Difference between steel, therefore, it is difficult to manufacture to produce a pair of magnetic poles in entirely predictable magnetic field.For this reason, often cut away
One lateral edges of mound fan block accommodate side pole insert.According to the result of calibration test, the side pole insert is removed simultaneously
And machined to change the pattern of its upper surface and/or its side surface, and it is repositioned onto on the fan block of mound.The behaviour
Work allows to correct true field and repeated until it is matched with magnetic field of the goal.Including removing, machining and reposition
These iteration corrections of side pole insert can be that the time is long and troublesome.Because block must be fanned to all mounds in a manner of identical
Side pole insert carry out identical operation, so especially true.
Therefore prior art remains a need for a kind of isochronism sector-focused cyclotron to allow easily and have into
It is to match with its target property that mound is fanned to this benefit the magnetic field fine setting that the mound clearance portion office between block is formed.
The content of the invention
The present invention is defined with appended independent claims.Preferred embodiment is defined in the dependent claims.
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic pole for cyclotron, the magnetic pole includes being alternately distributed around central axis Z
At least three mound fan block and equal number of paddy fan block, each mound fan block includes：The upper surface limited by herein below：
● upper peripheral edge, the upper peripheral edge, for border, and are defined as the upper table with distal end on first and second
Face, edge that position is farthest from the central axis；
● upper center edge, the upper center edge as border and are defined as the upper surface using near-end on first and second
, the edge that position is nearest from the central axis；
● distal end on described first is connected by the first upper edge, first upper edge with near-end on first；
● distal end on described second is connected by the second upper edge, second upper edge with near-end on second；
Characterized in that, the upper surface of at least one mound fan block further comprises：
●-depression, the depression is along the longitudinal axis intersected with the upper peripheral edge and the upper center edge in near-end
Extend a segment length between distal end, it is described to be recessed at least the 80% of its length and the first and second upper side edges fate
Open, and
● pole insert, the pole insert, which has, to be coordinated the geometry in the depression and is positioned in the depression
And reversibly couple with the depression.
The depression preferably extends to the upper center edge and/or the extremely upper peripheral edge.
The shape of the pole insert is important.The pole insert is preferably included with prismatic or parallel six face
The part of body geometry.
The pole insert is inserted in the depression for convenience, the prism preferably with the pole insert
The section of the longitudinal axis orthogonal of shape part is that trapezoidal, side surface is assembled from the upper surface.
For manufacture reason, the pole insert can have the portions of proximal assembled towards the central axis, described near
Sidepiece point includes entirely upper center edge and flushed with first and second lateral edges.
Preferably, the pole insert is with the length measured parallel to the longitudinal axis and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction
The width that axis measures, and be structured including insert upper surface and first and second side surface, at least one surface
A series of recess and protrusions.These structures allow the target property that magnetic field for correcting is predicted in a digital manner to obtain.
These recess and protrusions are groove and/or hole, and the groove is transverse or parallel to the longitudinal axis and edge
Straight line, curve or broken line extension, the hole is blind hole or through hole.
These recess and protrusions can extend the whole width of the pole insert perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
The mound fan block of magnetic pole has what is measured parallel to the central axis Z between the upper surface and paddy fan block
Height Hh, and wherein, the pole insert have a height, the height be parallel to it is that the central axis Z is measured and
Be included between the 20% and 80% of mound fan block Hh height Hh, more preferably mound fan block height 30% and 70%
Between, most preferably between 40% and 60%.
The mound fan block has the azimuth length Ah measured on described first on distal end and described second between distal end,
And the width of wherein described pole insert is no more than the 15% of the azimuth length of mound fan block, is preferably no more than
10%th, no more than 5%.
Preferably, each paddy fan block includes basal surface, and each mound fan block includes the first and second side surfaces, the side
Surface is defined as extending transverse to the corresponding paddy fan block positioned at the either side of mound fan block from first and second upper edge
Basal surface, and respectively at first and second lateral edges formed scarf.
Preferably, the first and second lateral edges of the mound fan block of magnetic pole are straight lines.
For symmetry reason, on described peripheral edge, positioned on described first and second distal end it is mutually equidistant
At from +/- 10%, be advantageously equal with a distance from place point, the longitudinal axis can intersect with the upper peripheral edge.
The invention further relates to a kind of cyclotron, the cyclotron includes the first and second magnetic as described above
Pole, wherein first and second magnetic pole be oriented to its corresponding upper surface face each other and on described first and
The mesion of the central axis upright of two magnetic poles is symmetrical, and the central axis is coaxial.
Brief Description Of Drawings
These of the present invention will be explained in more detail with further aspect by way of example and refer to the attached drawing, attached
In figure：
Fig. 1 schematically shows (a) side cutaway view and (b) top view of the cyclotron according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the example of the mound fan block and paddy fan block according to the cyclotron of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows that the fragmentary, perspective view of half of cyclotron and charged particle acceleration path (in order to strengthen observability, does not show
Go out flux and go back in yoke the outlet for drawing particle)；
Fig. 4 shows the example of the mound fan block according to the present invention, and the mound fan block includes depression；
Fig. 5 shows the example of the mound fan block according to the present invention, and the mound fan block includes nested pole insert in the valley；
Fig. 6 shows the pole insert (a) and corresponding section (b), the example of (c) before machining；
Fig. 7 shows the example of pole insert after machining；
Fig. 8 shows another example of the mound fan block according to the present invention, and mound fan block includes the improved upper of mound fan block
Peripheral edge designs；
Fig. 9 shows the 3rd example of the mound fan block according to the present invention, and the mound fan block further comprises gradient corrector.
Describe in detail
According to the geometry of the cyclotron of the present invention
The present invention relates to isochronism sector-focused cyclotron, is hereinafter referred to discussed in above technical background part
Type cyclotron.As shown in Figure 3, according to the present invention cyclotron make charged particle along spiral path 12 from
The central area of cyclotron outwards accelerates until they are brought out with some MeV energy.For example, the band electrochondria so drawn
Son can be proton H+Or deuteron D+.Preferably, the energy that the particle of extraction reaches is included between 5MeV and 30MeV, is more excellent
Selection of land is between 15MeV and 21MeV, most preferably 18MeV.Cyclotron with this kind of energy is for example suitable for producing
Together in being imaged the short life Positron emitting isotopes used in (Positron Emission Tomography) in PET or be suitable for
Produce the gamma emission isotope (for example, Tc99m) for SPECT imagings (single photon emission computed tomography).
As shown in fig. 1, two substrates 5 are included according to the cyclotron 1 of the present invention and forms the flux time of yoke together
Yoke 6.Flux returns yoke and forms the outer wall of cyclotron and accelerate the magnetic field control outside coil 14 to be contained in convolution
In device.The cyclotron further comprise be located at vacuum chamber in the first and second magnetic poles 2, the magnetic pole on perpendicular to
Central axis Z mesion MP symmetrically face each other and the certain interval 7 that is separated from each other.The yoke is with magnetic pole all by magnetic
Material, preferably mild steel are made and form a part for magnetic system.Magnetic system is by will be first made of conductor wire
And second coil 14 be wrapped on the first and second magnetic poles and coordinate and return between yoke the annular that limits in the magnetic pole and flux
Completed in space.
As shown in Fig. 1 (b) and Fig. 2, each of first and second magnetic poles 2 include radially dividing around central axis Z
At least N=3 mound fan block 3 of cloth (Fig. 1 (b) illustrates N=4 preferred embodiment).Light shadow region is expressed as in Fig. 1 (b)
Each mound fan block there is the upper surface 3U that extends in the range of the azimuth angle alpha h of mound.Each of first and second magnetic poles 2 enter
The radially-arranged paddy of central axis Z that surrounds that one step includes same number N fans block 4, and dark shadow region is expressed as in Fig. 1 (b).
Each paddy fan block 4 both sides are that blocks 3 are fanned and with the basal surface 4B extended in the range of paddy azimuth angle alpha v in two mounds, so that
α h+ α v=360 °/N.
The mound fan block 3 and paddy fan block 4 of first magnetic pole 2 fan block 3 respectively for the relative mound of the second magnetic pole 2 and paddy fans block 4.Figure
Path 12 along the particle beams shown in 3 is included in the gap 7 for separating the first magnetic pole with the second magnetic pole.First magnetic pole with
The mound gap portion 7h that gap 7 between second magnetic pole limits between the upper surface 3U therefore including two relative mounds fan blocks 3 with
The paddy gap portion 7v limited between the basal surface 4B of two relative paddy fan blocks 4.Mound gap portion 7h has mean gap height
Gh, it is defined as average height of the mound gap portion on two opposing upper 3U region.
Average mound and paddy clearance height are accordingly measured as mound fan block and fanned with paddy on the whole upper surface and lower surface of block
Clearance height average value.The average value of paddy clearance height have ignored any opening on basal surface.
Upper surface 3U is limited (referring to Fig. 2) by the following：
● upper peripheral edge 3up, the upper peripheral edge are defined as using distal end 3ude on first and second as border
Surface, edge that position is farthest from central axis Z；
● upper center edge 3uc, the upper center edge as border and are defined as using near-end 3upe on first and second
Surface, edge that position is nearest from central axis；
● distal end on described first is connected by the first upper edge 3ul, first upper edge with near-end on first；
● distal end on second is connected by the second upper edge 3ul, second upper edge with near-end on second；
Mound fan block 3 further comprises (referring to Fig. 2)：
● the first and second side surface 3L, each side surface are extended transversely to positioned at mound fan block from the first and second upper edges
Either side corresponding paddy fan block basal surface, so as to by the first and second lower edge 3ll be defined to make side surface with it is adjacent
The intersecting edge of basal surface, first and second lower edge each have the position lower distal end farthest from central axis
3lde；
● peripheral surface 3P, the peripheral surface extend to lower peripheral edge 3lp, the lower peripheral edge quilt from upper peripheral edge
It is defined to the section using the lower distal end 3lde of the first and second lower edges as border.
The average height Hh of mound fan block is to be averaged between lower edge and upper edge parallel to what central axis measured
Distance.
The end at edge be defined as limiting the end for limiting the edge two is one of extremely.Near-end is edge
, the end that position is nearest from central axis Z.Distal end is edge, the position end farthest from central axis Z.End can be with
It is the turning point for being defined as the point that two or more lines meet.Turning point can also be defined as curve near tangent and change symbol
Number or show the point of discontinuity.
Edge is the line segment that two surfaces are met.Edge limits two as defined above using both ends as border
The one side on each surface in the surface met.Due to the limitation reason of machinery tools and in order to reduce stress concentration,
Two surfaces are often met with given radius of curvature R, and this makes it difficult to the accurate geometry for limiting edge and intersecting with two surfaces
Position.In this case, edge is defined as two outer pushing surface phases with being extrapolated for intersecting each other with unlimited curvature (1/R)
The geometrical line of friendship.Top edge is the edge intersected with the upper surface 3U of mound fan block, and lower edge is the basal surface with paddy fan block
Edge intersecting 4B.
Peripheral edge is defined as the edge for including the position point farthest from central axis Z on surface.If solstics is
The shared turning point in two edges, then peripheral edge or the maximum edge of surface, distance center axis Z average distance.
For example, upper peripheral edge is the edge for including the position point farthest from central axis of upper surface.If mound fan block is compared to one
Fruits cake, peripheral edge by be Fruit cake peripheral crust.
In a similar way, center edge is defined as the edge for including the position point nearest from central axis Z on surface.
For example, upper center edge is the edge for including the position point nearest from central axis Z of upper surface.
Lateral edges are defined as the center edge of proximal end being linked to the edge of the peripheral edge of far-end.Lateral edges
Therefore near-end is the end intersected with center edge of the lateral edges, and the distal end of the lateral edges is the lateral edges
The end intersected with peripheral edge.
Depending on the design of cyclotron, upper center edge/lower center edge can have different geometries.Most
Common geometry is the often circular concave (or sag vertical curve) for having finite length (≠ 0) relative to central axis,
The concave using be separated from each other first and second on near-end/lower near-end as border.This configuration introduces grain in clear space
It is useful during the gap of beamlet and other elements.Under the first alternative configuration, the first and second center near-ends are merged into list
Individual center near point, so as to form upper surface 3U summit, the summit only includes three edges, and center edge has zero-length.
If mound fan block is compared into a Fruit cake again, the tip of this part is by the center edge phase with being so reduced to a single point
It is corresponding.Under the second alternative configuration, the transitional face from first side edge to second side edge can be curved for central axis Z
Bent convex surface, so as to be produced without seamlessly transitting for any turning point.Under this configuration, center edge also reduces into a single point,
The a single point is defined as the point of tangent line reindexing.Generally, or even under the first and second alternative configurations, mound fan block does not have
Central axis is extended to, concedes and directly surrounds the central area of central axis to allow to insert the particle beams or install other
Element.
As shown in Figure 2, the first and second side surface 3L are preferably what is chamfer, so as to respectively in the first and second upsides
Edge forms scarf 3ec.Scarf is defined as by cutting away the side formed via two surfaces in the absence of scarf
Edge and obtain the intermediate surface between two surfaces.Scarf reduces the angle that edge between two surfaces is formed.Tiltedly
Section is often used in mechanical devices for reducing stress concentration.However, in cyclotron, in the upper table of mound fan block
The horizontal beveling side surface in face strengthens the focusing of the particle beams when the particle beams reaches mound gap portion 7h.Fan the peripheral table of block in mound
Face 3P can also form scarf at upper peripheral edge, and with an improved the magnetic field's regularity near peripheral edge.
N=3 to 8 mound fan block 3 is preferably included according to the cyclotron of the present invention.It is highly preferred that such as the institute in figure
Displaying, N=4.For N even number value, mound fan block 3 and paddy fan block 4 have to be around any symmetry of the central axis according to 2n
Distribution, wherein n=1 to N/2.Preferably, n=N/2 so that all N number of mound fan blocks are identical from one another, and all N number of paddy
It is identical from one another to fan block.For N odd number value, mound fan block 3 and paddy fan block 4 have to be around central axis according to any right of N
The distribution of title property.In a preferred embodiment, central shaft is surrounded for all N=3-8 (i.e. according to N symmetry), N number of mound fan block 3
Line is uniformly distributed.First and second magnetic poles 2 be oriented to their corresponding upper surface 3U face each others and on it is coaxial
The mesion MP that the respective central axes Z of first and second magnetic poles 2 is vertical is symmetrical.
The shape of mound fan block is equally often with a Fruit cake (often as previously discussed, without tip)
Wedge shape, wherein the first and second side surface 3L assemble from peripheral surface towards central axis Z (usually not gets at the central shaft
Line).Mound azimuth angle alpha h with side surface it is (extrapolation) upper edge, at central axis Z or joining adjacent thereto
The convergent angle that level measures is corresponding.Mound azimuth angle alpha h is preferably incorporated between 360 °/2N ± 10 °, more preferably 360 °/
Between 2N ± 5 °, most preferably between 360 °/2N ± 2 °.
Between the paddy azimuth angle alpha v that central axis Z level measures is preferably incorporated in 360 °/2N ± 10 °, more preferably
Ground is between 360 °/2N ± 5 °, most preferably between 360 °/2N ± 2 °.Paddy azimuth angle alpha v can be equal to mound azimuth angle alpha h.
In the case of symmetry N, α v=360 °/N- α h, for example, for N=4, α v are α h complementary angles, wherein α v=90 °-α h.
Ultimate range Lh between central axis and peripheral edge is preferably incorporated between 200mm and 2000mm, more excellent
Selection of land is between 400mm and 1000mm, most preferably between 500mm and 800mm.For 18MeV bevatron,
Ultimate range Lh is typically smaller than 750mm, and can be about 500mm to 750mm, typically 520mm to 550mm.It is upper outer
Peripheral edge has the azimuth Ah measured on first and second between outer peripheral end, and can be close to Ah=Lh × α h
[rad]。
Magnetic is produced in the gap 7 that two magnetic poles 2 and the magnet coil 14 being wrapped on each magnetic pole are formed between magnetic pole
(electricity) magnet of field, central area that the magnetic field is shown along Fig. 3, originating in cyclotron (surrounds central axis
Z spiral path 12) guides and focuses on the charged particle beam (=particle beams), until it reaches such as 18MeV target energy, from
And draw the charged particle beam.As previously discussed, magnetic pole is often divided into the alternate mound fan around central axis Z distributions
Block and paddy fan block.Therefore high-intensity magnetic field is created in the mound gap portion 7h with average height Gh in the fan block of mound, and is fanned in paddy
There is average height Gv in block>Weaker magnetic field is created in Gh paddy gap portion 7v, so as to create the vertical poly- of the particle beams
It is burnt.
When the particle beams is introduced into cyclotron, in the referred to as high-field electrode of d fonts electrode (not shown) and attachment
The electric field created makes the particle accelerate (beamacceleration) on to the lateral edges of magnetic pole, between the ground voltage electrode that is positioned in paddy fan block,
In the paddy fan block, magnetic field is weaker.When each accelerated particle penetrates mound gap portion 7h, the accelerated particle is than it previous
The higher speed having in the fan block of mound.Mound fan block present in highfield make accelerated particle track deviate with along with
The bigger substantially circular path of its radius along in the fan block of previous mound of radius ratio.Once the particle beams has accelerated to its mesh
Energy is marked, then draws the electron beam from cyclotron in the point for being referred to as leading point PE, as shown in Figure 3.For example, can be with
By the way that H will be accelerated-Ion beam is driven through the stripper that is made up of thin foil graphite flake to draw energy protons H+.By stripper
H-Ion loses two electronics and is changed into positive H+.By changing particle charging symbol, the curature variation in its path in magnetic field
Symbol, and therefore draw particle beams (not shown) from cyclotron towards target.Known other of those skilled in the art draw
It is not essential for the present invention to go out the type of system and used extraction system and details.Generally, draw
Point is located in the gap portion 7h of mound.Cyclotron can include some leading points in same mound part.Because convolution accelerates
The symmetry requirement of device, there is more than one mound fan block to include leading point.For N symmetry, all N number of mound fan blocks include identical
The leading point of number.Leading point can individually (only one) or simultaneously (once several) use.
Pole insert
Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 shows the preferred of the magnetic pole of the cyclotron including N=4 mound fan block and N=4 paddy fan block
The example of embodiment, the mound fan block and paddy fan block are alternately distributed around central axis Z according to N=4 symmetry.Fig. 2 and
Fig. 4 shows the mound fan block of this kind of magnetic pole, wherein, each mound fan block 3 includes upper surface 3U as defined above, the upper table
Face above peripheral edge 3up, upper center edge 3uc and the first and second upper outside edge 3ul are border.According to the present invention, at least
The upper surface of one mound fan block further comprises：
8 (Fig. 4) of-depression, the depression is along the longitudinal axis 8rl intersected with upper peripheral edge and upper center edge in depression near-end
Extend a segment length L8 between 8rpe and depression distal end 8rde, the depression is farthest from central axis Z extremely in its length L8
Separated on few 80% with the first and second upper edges, and
- pole insert 9 (Fig. 5), the pole insert have the geometry for coordinating the depression and are positioned in the depression
And reversibly it is coupled.
Term " cooperation ", which refers to that pole insert has, can accurately insert the overall shape being nested in the depression.
Because the symmetry requirement of symmetry requirement to the 2n of N even number value and the N to N odd number value, identical pair
Title property must be adapted on these different mound fan blocks presence or absence of situation pole insert.Therefore, each mound fan block is preferred
Ground includes similar depression and pole insert.
In the prior art cyclotron including pole insert, pole insert is positioned at from the upper surface of mound fan block
In the depression of lateral edges machining.However, the part overlapping with upper edge region of RF acceleration systems makes it difficult to touch
To this kind of pole insert.Touch the lap that this kind of pole insert requirement removes RF systems first.The usual position of pole insert
In the edge of upper surface, because believing that it disturbs minimally in the whole magnetic field in the gap portion of mound.
It was observed that can be away from lateral edges and remotely electric on the upper surface of mound fan block by the way that pole insert is positioned at
Piezoelectricity extremely efficiently controls the magnetic field in the gap portion of mound.By the way that so pole insert is positioned on an upper, Ke Yirong
The pole insert is touched easily and directly, to remove, machine and to reinsert in depression.According to the present invention, therefore reach
It is more prone to and efficiently to the optimal pole insert pattern for producing prediction magnetic field and particle path.
Preferably, all pole inserts are of similar shape and are made up of identical material.Preferably, pole insert
By being made with corresponding mound fan block identical material.
When cyclotron leaves production line, the reality being tested the cyclotron and will so tested
Characteristic is compared with the target property predicted in a digital manner.Then according to the several of the results modification pole insert of computer analysis
What shape, until the actual characteristic of cyclotron matches with the target property predicted.In measurement cyclotron every time
After characteristic, pole insert is removed from cyclotron and analyzes being machined out for determination according to computer.Machining
Pole insert be nested in its corresponding depression, and test cyclotron again.The mistake can be repeated by iteration order
Journey, until cyclotron actual characteristic as expected.
Preferably, it is recessed and extends along the longitudinal axis intersected with central axis.During the near-end of depression extends to
Heart edge and the distal end opened and/or be recessed at that extend to peripheral edge and in that openings.As shown in figure 4,
Depression is preferably open-ended and extends to peripheral edge from upper center edge at both ends.It is preferred at another
In embodiment, longitudinal axis in distance first and second Dian Chu of distal end equidistance intersect with upper peripheral edge, and
And it is symmetrical wherein, on first and second distally to preferably pertain to longitudinal axis.For example, except the proximal portion adjacent with center edge
Divide outside 9p, pole insert has the geometry of generally parallelepiped, as shown in Fig. 6 (a).
In depression in the case where upper center edge is open-ended, the near-end of pole insert includes upper center edge.Mound
The part of fan block is the narrowest part of mound fan block, certainly, especially in the case where proximal is reduced to a single point.Extremely insert
Enter the near-end of part therefore include：Replace all or part of upper proximal of the upper center edge of mound fan block；And do not surpass
Cross 20% the first and second proximal faces of the pole insert length measured along longitudinal axis, the first and second nearsides table
Replace the sub-fraction of the first and second side surfaces of mound fan block in face.Because the first and second side surfaces are assembled towards central axis,
So therefore the first and second proximal faces of pole insert form convergence portion.
The peripheral edge and in the case where that is open-ended on depression extends to, pole insert 9dc distal end shape
Into a part for upper peripheral edge.The part formed by pole insert of upper peripheral edge is preferably no more than upper peripheral edge
10%, no more than the 5% of the Ah of length.Preferably, this distally forms scarf at peripheral surface.
As shown in Figure 5, pole insert 9 is nested in the depression and is reversibly fastened on corresponding mound fan block.
For example, the pole insert can be attached to mound fan block using screw 9S.
Pole insert 9 has the length L9 measured parallel to longitudinal axis, the width measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis
The height H9 that W9 and perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis and width measure.Preferably, the length L9 of pole insert is equal to the length L8 of depression.
The width W9 of pole insert be no more than upper peripheral edge length Ah 15%, no more than 10%, most
Preferably no more than 5%.
The height H9 of pole insert is parallel to what central axis measured, and the height Hh of block is fanned less than or equal to mound,
H9≤Hh.Preferably, between height H9 is included in the 20% and 80% of the height Hh of mound fan block, more preferably in 30% and 70%
Between, most preferably mound fan block height Hh 40% and 60% between.
As Fig. 6 (a) and it is demonstrated in Figure 7, pole insert has insert upper surface 9U.The insert upper surface is preferred
The upper surface for including depression of block is fanned on ground at least parallel to mound, and for example can at least part and upper surface flush.Pole is inserted
Part also includes the first and second insert side surface 9L extended laterally from insert upper surface.For optimization cyclotron
Before characteristic is machined out, pole insert is preferably closely tied in the geometric match of passage therein with it, inserted
Enter part upper surface and the upper surface flush of mound fan block.As shown in Fig. 6 (b), the side wall of insert side surface and depression can be with that
This is parallel and perpendicular to the extension of insert upper surface.In the alternate embodiment that Fig. 6 (c) is shown, the first and second insertions
Part side surface is somewhat tapered, is assembled from insert upper surface.In the case of the matching tapered sidewalls of depression, this allows extremely to insert
Enter part more easily to remove and be inserted from depression.
As previously discussed, pole insert preferably has prism along longitudinal axis in the range of the 80% of its length L9
Geometry, except length is L9p convergence portions of proximal 9p.Section C9 perpendicular to prism shaped segment is preferably trapezoidal
, side surface is assembled since upper table.20% portions of proximal that the formation of pole insert reaches length L9 preferably includes court
Pole insert proximal edge 9pe assemble and flushed with mound lateral edges 3L and with the first and second side surfaces of its continued access.Such as
Ridge between Guo Qiu upper surfaces 3U and mound side surface is beveling, then the corresponding ridge for the portions of proximal being recessed can also be beveling
's.
For example, if the width W9 of pole insert is included between 15mm and 150mm, the length L9 of pole insert can be wrapped
Include between 400mm and 800mm, and the height H9 of pole insert can be included between 15mm and 150mm.Pole insert
Ratio L9p/L9≤20% of the length of length and the portions of proximal of pole insert.
In cyclotron test process, insert upper surface and/or insert side surface can be machined as
A series of structure of the application with recess and protrusions thereon, to calibrate magnetic field and therefore to make true field be matched with target field.
As discussed above, the best geometry of the structure (recess and protrusion) on insert surface is by testing the iteration with numerical calculation
To determine.
At the end of the iterative process, the pattern on the surface of pole insert is changed.As show in Figure 7, can be added with machine
Work insert upper surface 9U and/or the first and second side surface 9L pattern with formed it is upper surface or side surface transverse to or
Parallel to groove 9gu, 9gl of longitudinal axis.The groove can extend along straight line, curve or broken line.Alternately, Ke Yitou
Cross described surface drilling bore hole 9hu, 9hl.The hole can be blind hole (that is, having finite depth) or can be through hole.Such as it
Preceding explanation, for symmetry reason, each mound fan block includes pole insert, and all pole inserts of magnetic pole must have identical
Final pattern.Pole insert can individually machine or side-by-side alignment and all machinings together.Machining
The gained appearance of pole insert afterwards can be dramatically different with its shell before machining (referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7).
The present invention it is highly beneficial compared with prior art solution because can than so far it is more possible more easily remove and again
New insertion pole insert.Followed by more iteration are carried out within preset time, so as to produce than prior art cyclotron
Cost-efficient cyclotron of the performance closer to its target.
Fig. 8 shows the example of the preferred embodiment of the magnetic pole of the cyclotron according to the present invention.In this embodiment,
Upper peripheral edge 3up is with distal end on first and second for border, and the upper peripheral edge of mound fan block includes circular arc 3ac, described
The center of circular arc offset relative to central axis and radius Rh be no more than from central axis to the midpoint of upper peripheral edge away from
85% (Rh/Lh≤85%) from Lh, the distance of distal end is equal on the midpoint to first and second.
Preferably, radius Rh and distance Lh ratio R h/Lh is no more than 75% (Rh/Lh≤75%), not surpassed more preferably
Cross 65% (Rh/Lh≤65%).
The upper peripheral edge having include the purpose of circular arc that its center is offset relative to central axis be at least so that on
The part of peripheral edge and spiral path 12 in the mound gap portion 7h of cyclotron highest energy (=it is last
) orbital phase is like approximate.Refer to the circular arc portion and and leading point phase of upper peripheral edge " with the orbital phase like approximate "
Adjacent final particle track both of which is to share same center, have the circular arc of different radii.The circular arc is therefore almost parallel
In the part close to leading point and at its upstream of the last track.The length and track in the path of extraction orbit with it is upper outer
Angle between peripheral edge becomes to be not dependent on the azimuth position of extraction system (for example, stripper).Therefore, the spy of the beam of extraction
Sign (almost) is not dependent on the position of leading point.
Preferably, the circular arc distally extends to distal end on second from the first of upper peripheral edge, so as to limit mound fan
The whole peripheral edge of block, and the circular arc is centrally located on the bisector of upper surface, the bisector be defined as by
The straight line that central axis links with upper peripheral edge.
Preferably, peripheral surface forms the scarf adjacent with upper peripheral edge.
As described above, cyclotron makes the particle beams accelerate on given path, until that can will have given energy
The particle beams untill the first leading point that cyclotron drives away.Advantageously, fan block in mound can include more than one draw
Go out a little, such as two.Fan the circular arc portion of the upper peripheral edge of block in two mounds opposite relative to mesion MP of two magnetic poles
Parallel to the just reproduction part as the given path part of the first leading point upstream and position.The circular arc is whole outer
Same center and parallel with it is shared with the part given path in peripheral edge.Term " upstream " and " downstream " be relative to
What particle beams direction limited.
When the particle beams has reached its target energy, the particle beams is drawn in leading point and the then particle beams
Follow the extraction path in the leading point downstream.Between the first and second magnetic poles and therefore the part in the extraction path
Still it is included in the gap portion of mound and is influenceed by magnetic field.Drawn if this includes first and second to relative mound fan block
Point, then can be in the first leading point or the second leading point or the extraction particle beams at two leading points.The particle beams is then along
One or second leading point downstream first or second draw path.According at least one of circle of the upper peripheral edge of the present invention
In the case of shape geometry, it is included in the extraction path length L1 in the gap in the first leading point downstream and is included in second
Extraction path length L2 in the gap in leading point downstream is substantially identical.
The major advantage in the first and second leading points with identical extraction path length has been to ensure that from a leading point
The particle beams of extraction has the light characteristic similar to the particle beams drawn from the second leading point.
Fig. 9 shows the reality of the preferred embodiment of the magnetic pole of the cyclotron of the embodiment before being discussed before
Example.In this example, fan block in each mound further comprises the first and second side surfaces 3L as defined above, peripheral surface 3P.Extremely
The upper peripheral edge 3up of the upper surface of few mound fan block is included by separated 2 of the concave portions relative to central axis
Male portion, the depression 10 so as to characterizing portion extended on the peripheral surface of corresponding mound fan block.
Term " spill " refers to interior bending or caved inward.Concave portions relative to the central axis at edge are edges
Towards central axis bending part.The term is with referring to term " convex " phase for bending away or extending outwardly from central axis
Instead.
Preferably, upper peripheral edge 3up includes the first and second depression far point 10rdp, it is described limited from depression far point it is recessed
Sunken border and it is defined as the tangent line reindexing of peripheral edge or shows the point of discontinuity.First and second is recessed
Sunken far point is separated from each other distance L10.The depression also includes depression near point 10rpp, the depression near point be defined as position from
Depression points nearest central axis Z.First and second depression far point 10rdp pass through the first and second depression convergent boundary 10rc
Link depression near point 10rpp.Cup depth H10 is defined as by the first and second depression far point 10rdp and depression near point 10rpp
The average height of triangle being formed and by depression near point 10rpp.
Preferably, azimuth length Ah of the distance between first and second depression far points L10 scopes in upper peripheral edge
5% and 50% between, preferably between 10% and 30%, most preferably between 15% and 20%.
Cup depth H10 be included in the 3% and 30% of the azimuth length Ah of peripheral edge between, preferably 5%
With 20% between, more preferably between 8% and 15%.
Preferably, it is described depression also parallel with central axis Z on peripheral surface 3P it is peripheral down from upper peripheral edge 3up
Line 3lp extends.Therefore the depression extended a part of ζ of peripheral surface height on peripheral surface, the part is parallel to
What central axis measured between upper peripheral edge and lower peripheral edge.The part ζ be preferably incorporated in 25% and 100% it
Between, preferably between 40% and 75%, most preferably between 45% and 55%.
In prior art cyclotron, protruding-type gradient corrector is used.Protruding-type gradient corrector has some
Shortcoming：
● the volume of vacuum chamber is increased,
● increase yoke and whole cyclotron volume,
● the weight of cyclotron is added,
● the gradient corrector that must be manually completed is accurately positioned difficulty,
● magnetic field is outwards offset.
Replace protruding-type gradient corrector that there are some advantages using depressed gradient corrector.First, it allows to reduce
The size of the vacuum chamber of magnetic pole is accommodated, is discharged so as to cause to reduce from the energy needed for vacuum chamber discharge gas and reduce gas
Time.Second, because on the one hand the weight of mound fan block slightly mitigates rather than increased and on the other hand flux returns the interior of yoke
The overall diameter on surface reduces, so the gross weight of cyclotron reduces.3rd, can accurately it be manufactured by numerical control machining
With the position of locating recesses, so as to allow optimize the particle beams through mound fan block peripheral edge angulation.4th, work as protrusion
Formula gradient corrector make magnetic field outwardly away from when, magnetic field is caved inward by depressed gradient corrector, so as to cause particle
The finally circulation in path is inwardly displaced, further away from the peripheral edge of mound fan block, now compared with close to peripheral edge, magnetic field
Evenly.Therefore, the characteristic of the control extraction particle beams and particularly its focusing are easily and more predictable.It is this towards acceleration
The deviation in region also allows to reduce the power for being fed to coil.
Preferably, depression is typically wedge shape, wherein the first and second depression convergent boundaries be it is straight (slightly inwardly or to
Outside sweep) line.The tip of wedge shape corresponds to depression near point and towards the point on the general direction of central axis.Convergent angle θ is in wedge shape
Sophisticated place is preferably incorporated between 70 ° and 130 °, more preferably between 80 ° and 110 °, be most preferably 90 ° ± 5 °.
This statement used " inside " and " outside " should be interpreted as " direction " or " remote " central axis respectively.
The position of depression can separate with the first and second lateral edges, or adjacent with first or second side edge.It is excellent
Selection of land, mound fan block include at least one depression separated with lateral edges.
More commonly, the convergence portion of wedge-shaped recess can have one of following geometry：
● the sharp corner of triangular shaped recess is formed, it is corresponding with the wedge-shaped recess discussed before；
● form the straight edge of trapezoidal recess chock；Or
● the wedge shape of rounded edges.
Preferably, leading point is located in the mound gap portion adjacent with the peripheral edge of a pair of relative mound fan blocks.Be recessed position
In first leading point downstream, its middle and lower reaches is limited relative to particle beams direction.Relative to leading point and relative to
To draw path and accurately machine depression so that the particle beams is assembled concave edges with first with 90 ° ± 15 ° of angle and intersected, and described the
One convergence concave edges are defined as the first depression far point 10rdp being linked to depression near point 10rpp edge.The particle beams is therefore
Mound fan block is left substantially perpendicular to magnetic field, to improve the focusing of outgoing particle beam.The position of depression and geometry are logical
Cross numerical calculation and/or test what is determined.
In a word, the invention provides advantages below：Insert is touched easily and directly to remove, machine and again
It is inserted into depression.By the present invention, therefore reach to produce and predict that the optimal insert pattern in magnetic field and particle path is easier
And efficiently.
Claims (15)
1. one kind is used for the magnetic pole (2) of cyclotron (1), the cyclotron includes being alternately distributed around central axis Z
At least three mound fan block (3) and equal number of paddy fan block (4), block is fanned on each mound to be included：Upper surface (3U), the upper surface
Limited by the following：
- upper peripheral edge (3up), the upper peripheral edge, for border, and are defined with distal end (3ude) on first and second
For the upper surface, edge that position is farthest from the central axis；
- upper center edge (3uc), the upper center edge are border and are defined as with near-end (3upe) on first and second
The upper surface, edge that position is nearest from the central axis；
Distal end on described first is connected by the-the first upper edge (3ul), first upper edge with near-end on described first
Connect；
Distal end on described second is connected by the-the second upper edge (3ul), second upper edge with near-end on described second
Connect；
Characterized in that, the upper surface of at least one mound fan block further comprises：
- depression (8), it is described to be recessed along the longitudinal axis (8rl) intersected with the upper peripheral edge and the upper center edge
Extend a segment length (L8) between near-end (8rpe) and distal end (8rde), it is described to be recessed at least the 80% of its length and institute
The first and second upper edges are stated to separate, and
- pole insert (9), the pole insert, which has, to be coordinated the geometry in the depression and is positioned at the depression
It is interior and reversibly with it is described depression couple.
2. magnetic pole according to claim 1, wherein, the depression extends to the upper peripheral edge.
3. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the depression extends to the upper center edge.
4. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the pole insert includes having prismatic geometry
The part of shape.
5. according to the magnetic pole described in previous item claim, wherein, the longitudinal direction with the prism shaped segment of the pole insert
The vertical section of axis (8rl) is trapezoidal, and wherein side surface is assembled from the upper surface.
6. the magnetic pole according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, the pole insert has adjacent with the prism shaped segment
Portions of proximal (9p), wherein, the area in the described-section vertical with the longitudinal axis (8rl) of the portions of proximal is towards the pole
The near-end of insert reduces, the pole insert include the whole upper center edge and with the first of corresponding mound fan block and
Second side edge flushes.
7. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the pole insert has parallel to the longitudinal direction
Length (L9) that axis (8rl) measures and the width (W9) measured perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and including insert upper table
Face and first and second insert side surface, it is a structured into a series of recess and protrusions (9gu, 9gl, 9hu, 9hl) element
At least one of.
8. according to the magnetic pole described in previous item claim, wherein, the recess and protrusion is groove (9gu, 9gl) and/or hole
(9hu, 9hl), the groove extends transverse or parallel to the longitudinal axis and along straight line, curve or broken line, described
Hole is blind hole or through hole.
9. the magnetic pole according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, the recess and protrusion extended perpendicular to the longitudinal axis
The whole width of the pole insert.
10. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, each mound fan block has parallel to the central shaft
The average height Hh that line Z is measured between the upper surface and paddy fan block, and wherein, the pole insert has height
(H9), the height be parallel to the 20% of height Hh that is that the central axis Z is measured and being included in mound fan block with
Between 80%, more preferably between the 30% and 70% of the height of mound fan block, most preferably between 40% and 60%.
11. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the mound fan block has the distal end on described first
The azimuth length Ah measured between distal end on described second, and the width of wherein described pole insert is no more than the mound
Fan 15%, preferably no more than 10%, no more than the 5% of the azimuth length of block.
12. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, each paddy fan block includes basal surface, and each
Mound fan block includes the first and second side surfaces (3L), and the side surface is defined as horizontal from first and second upper edge
The basal surface of the corresponding paddy fan block positioned at the either side of mound fan block is extended to, first and second upper edge is preferably respectively
Scarf is formed at the horizontal place of first and second lateral edges.
13. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, first and second lateral edges are straight lines.
14. the magnetic pole according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, on described peripheral edge, positioned at apart from institute
State point on first and second at equidistance ± 10% of distal end, being advantageously equal at distance, the longitudinal axis with it is described
Upper peripheral edge intersects.
15. a kind of cyclotron of the first and second magnetic poles including according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein,
First and second magnetic pole be oriented to its corresponding upper surface face each other and on first and second magnetic pole
Central axis it is perpendicular mesion it is symmetrical, the central axis is coaxial.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16169489.8A EP3244707B1 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2016-05-13 | Pole insert for cyclotron |
| EP16169489.8 | 2016-05-13 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107371318A true CN107371318A (en) | 2017-11-21 |
| CN107371318B CN107371318B (en) | 2019-07-02 |
Family
ID=55970879
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720510693.8U Withdrawn - After Issue CN207201061U (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2017-05-09 | Cyclotron and the magnetic pole for cyclotron |
| CN201710320773.1A Active CN107371318B (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2017-05-09 | Pole insertion piece for cyclotron |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720510693.8U Withdrawn - After Issue CN207201061U (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2017-05-09 | Cyclotron and the magnetic pole for cyclotron |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3244707B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6227823B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN207201061U (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2965642C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3244707B1 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-09-05 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Pole insert for cyclotron |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0769892A1 (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1997-04-23 | THE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL RESEARCH | Magnetic field adjusting center rods for cyclotron, magnet for cyclotron, and cyclotron |
| JPH11238599A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Cyclotron apparatus |
| JP2002025796A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-25 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Variable magnetic field intensity type electromagnet and variable energy type accelerator using the same |
| RU2373673C1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-11-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский институт электрофизической аппаратуры им. Д.В. Ефремова" | Isochronous cyclotron for accelerating several types of charged particles |
| WO2012004225A1 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-12 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Cyclotron comprising a means for modifying the magnetic field profile and associated method |
| CN102461346A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2012-05-16 | 通用电气公司 | Isotope production system and cyclotron having reduced magnetic stray fields |
| CN207201061U (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-04-06 | 离子束应用股份有限公司 | Cyclotron and the magnetic pole for cyclotron |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1008125A (en) * | 1975-03-07 | 1977-04-05 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited | Method and apparatus for magnetic field shimming in an isochronous cyclotron |
-
2016
- 2016-05-13 EP EP16169489.8A patent/EP3244707B1/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-05-01 CA CA2965642A patent/CA2965642C/en active Active
- 2017-05-09 CN CN201720510693.8U patent/CN207201061U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 2017-05-09 CN CN201710320773.1A patent/CN107371318B/en active Active
- 2017-05-11 JP JP2017094426A patent/JP6227823B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0769892A1 (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1997-04-23 | THE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL RESEARCH | Magnetic field adjusting center rods for cyclotron, magnet for cyclotron, and cyclotron |
| JPH11238599A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Cyclotron apparatus |
| JP2002025796A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-25 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Variable magnetic field intensity type electromagnet and variable energy type accelerator using the same |
| RU2373673C1 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2009-11-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский институт электрофизической аппаратуры им. Д.В. Ефремова" | Isochronous cyclotron for accelerating several types of charged particles |
| CN102461346A (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2012-05-16 | 通用电气公司 | Isotope production system and cyclotron having reduced magnetic stray fields |
| WO2012004225A1 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-12 | Ion Beam Applications S.A. | Cyclotron comprising a means for modifying the magnetic field profile and associated method |
| CN207201061U (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2018-04-06 | 离子束应用股份有限公司 | Cyclotron and the magnetic pole for cyclotron |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6227823B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
| EP3244707A1 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
| CN107371318B (en) | 2019-07-02 |
| JP2017204471A (en) | 2017-11-16 |
| CN207201061U (en) | 2018-04-06 |
| EP3244707B1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
| CA2965642A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 |
| CA2965642C (en) | 2018-05-01 |
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