CN107369921A - Nearly far-field R FID read write lines switchable antenna and its design method - Google Patents

Nearly far-field R FID read write lines switchable antenna and its design method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107369921A
CN107369921A CN201710572678.0A CN201710572678A CN107369921A CN 107369921 A CN107369921 A CN 107369921A CN 201710572678 A CN201710572678 A CN 201710572678A CN 107369921 A CN107369921 A CN 107369921A
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China
Prior art keywords
antenna
field
dipole
far
read write
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CN201710572678.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何小祥
杨阳
郑景明
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Jiangsu Knowledgeable Technology Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Knowledgeable Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710572678.0A priority Critical patent/CN107369921A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/2208Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
    • H01Q1/2216Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in interrogator/reader equipment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of nearly far-field R FID read write lines switchable antenna and its design method, the antenna is two-sided microstripline feed network structural antenna, including for entering two feed ports, Dipole Arrays array structure, metallic vias, integrated resistor and the medium substrate of far field operation pattern switching;The Dipole Arrays array structure, including the Fang Huan being made up of four dipole antennas, wherein, each dipole antenna is fed by a quarter impedance mapped structure respectively;The metallic vias is provided with six, wherein four metallic vias are connected by two-sided microstripline feed network structure (QDSPSL) with Dipole Arrays array structure respectively, two other metallic vias is mutually welded with a coaxial feed inner core;The integrated resistor at the feed port under far field operation pattern with integrating, for realizing the antenna wideband impedance match under far field operation pattern.The present invention realizes that RFID reader antenna operating mode switches using feed position, overcomes the single mode of operation of traditional antenna, can greatly reduce application cost.

Description

Nearly far-field R FID read write lines switchable antenna and its design method
Technical field
The invention belongs to electromagnetic field microwave and technical field, particularly belongs to one kind and is applied to nearly far-field R FID read write lines Switchable antenna and its design method.
Background technology
Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology be it is a kind of carry out contactless bidirectional data communication by wireless radio frequency mode, it is right Target is identified and obtains the automatic identification technology of relevant information.The working frequency of radio frequency identification include low frequency (135KHz), High frequency (13.56MHz), hyperfrequency (860MHz~960MHz) and more than microwave frequency band 2.4GHz, its medium-high frequency and hyperfrequency It is most widely used.Reading and writing device antenna plays irreplaceable effect in radio-frequency recognition system.Recently as single grade The it is proposed of RFID applications, is more and more paid attention to using the ultrahigh frequency RFID system of near-field coupling.Hyperfrequency near field RFID System is more applied to the fields such as retail business, pharmaceutical sector, valuables tracking.Ultrahigh frequency near field RFID reader-writer antenna turns into One of key technology of near field work system, it directly affects read range and reads distance.
It can be divided into two major classes by the coupling principle RFID system of antenna and label:Near field RFID systems and far-field R FID systems System.Pass through magnetic coupling transmission signal and energy, far-field R FID systems between near field RFID systems label and antenna in most cases Label is by being transferred to the energy that electromagnetic wave obtains in free space in system.Also there are some RFID systems that there is relatively low output Power, for labeling task in the range of antenna near-field, they fall near field system.Near field coupling technique is in LF/HF RFID systems In be used widely, also used in present UHF near field RFID systems.The tag read distance of near field RFID systems is shorter. The comparison that far field RFID systems are applied in UHF and microwave RFID systems is more.The operation principle of far field RFID systems is reader The signal of specific frequency is sent by antenna, label, which receives after signal or produced induced-current, makes label chip work, label core Piece by change its input impedance so as to modulated backscattered signal come to reader send information.Near-field coupling RFID system In, reader produces stronger magnetic field by reader antenna between antenna and label, and this magnetic field can make to produce on label Electric current supplies labeling task.During labeling task, electricity that the connecting and disconnecting of internal load resistance can reflect on reader antenna Buckling.The break-make of load resistance is controlled by the data for needing to transmit, monitoring voltage change can both obtain at reader end Data.In antenna near-field region, stronger electric field and weaker magnetic field can be produced, stronger magnetic field and weaker can also be produced Electric field.Both of these case is determined by designed reader antenna.In most cases, in UHF near field RFID systems What is used is all magnetic coupling technology, therefore used antenna is all to produce the antenna compared with high-intensity magnetic field.
RFID reader antenna can not switch over working condition and be respectively applied near field and far field system in actual applications In system, this antenna can not realize that near field magnetic coupling is read out near field tag simultaneously, and switching working mode is realized far Field application.So antenna operating mode is single, and application cost is higher, it is impossible to realizes nearly far field multiple use.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of nearly far-field R FID read write lines switchable antenna and its design method, overcomes RFID reader The single mode of operation of antenna, and considerably reduce application cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention employs following technical scheme:A kind of nearly far-field R FID read write lines can Switch antenna, the antenna is bilateral structure, including two feed ports, dipole arrays for nearly far field operation pattern switching Structure, metallic vias, integrated resistor and medium substrate, described two feed ports, Dipole Arrays array structure, metallic vias, Integrated resistor is arranged on medium substrate;Described two feed ports are connected with Dipole Arrays array structure, one of feedback Electric port is located at the center of Dipole Arrays array structure, and another feed port is located at any dipole antenna vicinity;Institute State antenna and use two-sided microstripline feed network structure (QDSPSL), can because antenna face and back side current phase are reverse Magnetic field caused by offsetting feeding network, in the case where antenna switches in near-field working mode, will not can be produced to antenna near-field magnetic field Influence.The antenna uses a quarter impedance transformation characteristic, according to formulaWherein ZcFor a quarter impedance Characteristic, RLFor input impedance, it is here 50 Europe, is terminal impedance, is converted using impedance operator, so as to design two-sided microstrip line Feed network structures (QDSPSL).
The Dipole Arrays array structure, including the Fang Huan being made up of four dipole antennas, wherein, each dipole day Line is fed by a quarter impedance mapped structure respectively;The antenna uses the frame mode of the array antenna of dipoles, near field work Operation mode realizes high-intensity magnetic field characteristic under near-field working mode based on magnetic coupling requirement using the array antenna of dipoles.This antenna Using four dipole antenna composition side ring structures, using apex drive, according to formulaDipole length is small In half wavelength, current phase can be consistent, it is achieved thereby that the enhancing of center of antenna regional magnetic field.
The metallic vias be provided with six, wherein four metallic vias respectively by two-sided microstripline feed network structure with Dipole Arrays array structure is connected, and two other metallic vias is mutually welded with a coaxial feed inner core;
The integrated resistor integrates at the feed port under far field operation pattern, for realizing under far field operation pattern Antenna wideband impedance match.
Further, four dipole antennas are rectangle and isometric wide.
Further, the medium substrate uses ceramic material either epoxy resin fiberglass plate or paper material.
Further, the integrated resistor selects 1,206 20 Ω of series resistance, enables to antenna in far field operation mould Increase antenna feed impedance real part characteristic under formula, antenna broadband properties can be realized.
Further, four dipole antenna composition sides ring structure, using circular bar at the apex drive point in it Human relations structure.
Further, the material of the barron structure is the one or more in copper, silver and electrically conductive ink, and in antenna Dipole Arrays array structure, the material of two-sided microstripline feed network structure (QDSPSL) are also one in copper, silver and electrically conductive ink Kind.
Further, the dielectric constant of the medium substrate is 4.3~4.5, and thickness is 1.4~1.8mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of design method of nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas, and the antenna uses double-fed Electricity point structure, sets near field distributing point and far field distributing point respectively;
The near field distributing point, the aerial array of four dipole antenna compositions is included, is converted using a quarter impedance The wideband impedance match of antenna is realized, and feeding network uses two-sided microstripline feed network structure;
Integrated resistor is set at the far field distributing point, the wideband impedance match of antenna is realized under far field operation pattern.
Further, a quarter impedance conversion is according to formulaWherein ZcHindered for a quarter Anti- characteristic, design two-sided microstripline feed network structure.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention propose it is a kind of be applied to far and near field RFID reader switchable antenna and Its design method, using near field feed position and far field feed position is set, the near field distributing point utilizes a quarter Impedance converts the wideband impedance match for realizing antenna, and feeding network uses two-sided microstripline feed network structure (QDSPSL);Integrated resistor is set at the distributing point of far field, the wideband impedance match of antenna is realized under far field operation pattern, with this The nearly far field operation pattern switching of RFID reader antenna is realized, overcomes the single mode of operation of traditional antenna, can greatly Reduce application cost.
The present invention is switched by nearly Far Field Pattern, not only realizes and near field tag is read, also use magnetic field coupling Close, avoid liquid is influenceed to caused by label, and far-field tags can be read, can be significantly greatly increased read away from From.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, the reality with the present invention Apply example to be used to explain the present invention together, be not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is antenna surface complete structure front elevation;
Fig. 2 is antenna surface complete structure back view;
Fig. 3 is Antenna Operation reflectance factor under Far Field Pattern;
Fig. 4 is Antenna Operation 3D directional diagrams under Far Field Pattern;
Fig. 5 is that Antenna Operation reads schematic diagram under Far Field Pattern to far-field tags;
Fig. 6 is Antenna Operation stickogram in the near-field mode;
Fig. 7 is Antenna Operation Distribution of Magnetic Field figure in the near-field mode;
Fig. 8 is Antenna Operation 3D directional diagrams in the near-field mode;
Fig. 9 is that Antenna Operation reads schematic diagram near field tag in the near-field mode.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and examples The present invention is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, Do not limit the present invention.
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention and not had to In limitation the scope of the present invention.In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, art Language " installation ", " being provided with ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or It is integrally connected;Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection;Can be joined directly together, can also be by between intermediary Connect connected, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be understood with concrete condition The concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, antenna face is four dipole array Structural assignments Cheng Fanghuan, by two-sided feed microstrip line knot The resistance in the feeding network of structure composition, metallic vias and 1206 serial 20 Europe.Dipole Arrays array structure includes four dipoles The Fang Huan of antenna composition, each dipole antenna are fed by two-sided a quarter impedance mapped structure respectively, and G2 is set here For 48mm, antenna has the switching that two feed ports are used for nearly far field operation pattern respectively.Whole antenna size be 18cm × 18cm, thickness 1.6mm.
The antenna of the present embodiment uses two-sided microstripline feed network structure (QDSPSL), due to antenna face and back side electricity It is reverse to flow phase, magnetic field caused by feeding network can be offset, can will not be to day in the case where antenna switches in near-field working mode Line near field magnetic fields.As shown in figure 1, feeding network uses a quarter impedance matching property, W1 is arranged to 3.5mm, Input impedance is 50 Europe, according to formulaW2 after optimization is 3.2mm.
As shown in figure 1, antenna is arranged using dipole array, the side's of realization ring structure, L1 is arranged to 105mm, dipole The length of sub- arm is less than half wavelength, also, according to formulaAntenna brachium can influence current phase point Cloth, when brachium is smaller, induction reactance L can be small, so antenna resonant frequency can increase, conversely, antenna brachium is longer, when more than half-wave When long, antenna surface electric current is not in the same direction, easily occurs reversely even offsetting.Therefore, in summary factor, antenna dipole Sub- brachium is very crucial.L1 is arranged to 105mm after optimization, causes that electric current is in the same direction on dipole first, and then can make the region in besieged city Realize field homogeneity, and cause resonance center frequeH that in 840MHz or so, Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) can be met.
Under Antenna Far Field mode of operation, antenna is integrated with resistance, and distributing point B positional distance location A is L2, here 43mm is set to, when B points are when being closely located at distributing point A, CURRENT DISTRIBUTION can be in the same direction first on four dipole antennas, thus Form near-field working mode.When A points are bigger in B point positional distances, the input impedance real part characteristic of antenna can reduce.It is actual Using when, can select SMA heads weld, input impedance here is 50 Europe, and in summary L2 is arranged to by factor, the present embodiment 43mm, now the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on four dipoles is no longer in the same direction, and here it is mechanism of the Antenna Operation under Far Field Pattern.It is first First, the electric current on horizontal dipole antenna can be along same direction, due to the change of feed position so that electric current has Phase delay.In addition, the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on two vertical dipole antennas is in reverse characteristic.Electromagnetic wave passes along Z-direction Sowing time, the radiation field that two vertical dipoles are formed is because reverse current reason can cancel each other, and horizontal dipole shape Into radiation field can form horizontal polarization, be so achieved that the changeable working condition of antenna.
Antenna Operation reflectance factor in Far Field Pattern as shown in Figure 3, is less than -10dB in 850MHz~1.1GHz, S11, And in 920MHz~1GHz, reflectance factor is less than -15dB, is so achieved that Broadband Matching characteristic.In order to verify its performance, We are by 260 × 260mm of identification region directly over antenna2It is divided into 9 × 3 grids, sees Fig. 5.Using AlienA9662 series of labels, Here identify that the mode of label uses electromagnetic backscatter principle, i.e., energy is obtained by the electromagnetic wave in space so as to activate mark Label.As can be seen that the distance of antenna identification far-field tags has reached 90cm, the power that now reader is set is 20dBm.
Fig. 4 gives the 3D directional diagrams of Antenna Operation antenna under Far Field Pattern, it can be seen that now gain is in -3dBic Left and right, and resistance is integrated with, realize the broadband performance of antenna.
As shown in fig. 6, when antenna uses apex drive, now reflectance factor is below -15dB in 830~870MHz, Good matching is realized, and covers 840~845MHz and 865~868MHz.And the antenna in the present invention is using double Face microstrip line construction, similar to generation capacity effect among antenna, therefore two-sided current phase is opposite, it is thus possible to realizes magnetic field Counteracting.
As shown in fig. 7, according to Antenna Operation Surface field intensity distribution in the near-field mode, it can be seen that 840~ 880MHz, magnetic field intensity is very uniform, and as a result intensity shows that this kind design greatly enhances area substantially in -7dBA/m or so Domain magnetic field.Fig. 8 shows Antenna Operation 3D directional diagrams in the near-field mode, along Z axis radiation direction, it can be seen that antenna it is remote Field gain is very low, avoids antenna and other labels are misread, can be good at realizing the magnetic coupling characteristic of near-field region.
In order to verify antenna characteristic under near-field working mode, by 140 × 140mm of identification region directly over antenna2It is divided into 7 × 7 grids, see Fig. 9, each grid uses Impinji J41 near field tags, and such label magnetic field intensity minimum value is -24dBA/ M, when identification region magnetic field intensity is more than label minimum intensity of activation value, this label can be activated completely, be not difficult to find out This antenna can realize that maximum identification distance is 15cm or so.During test, the power that read write line is set is 20dBm, this day Line in the near-field mode, can be good at reading near field tag.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the design parameter of antenna such as following table:Unit (mm)
Suitable material is selected, during actual processing, antenna dipoles array structure, two-sided microstripline feed network knot Structure and barron structure selection copper material, medium substrate material selection epoxy resin fiberglass sheet material matter, wherein, dielectric constant Preferably 4.4, thickness is preferably 1.6mm.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic.All essences in the present invention God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas, it is characterised in that the antenna is two-sided microstripline feed network Structural antenna, including two feed ports for nearly far field operation pattern switching, Dipole Arrays array structure, metallic vias, collection Into resistance and medium substrate, described two feed ports, Dipole Arrays array structure, metallic vias, integrated resistor are arranged at On medium substrate;Described two feed ports are connected with Dipole Arrays array structure, and one of feed port is located at dipole The center of array structure, another feed port are located at any dipole antenna vicinity in Dipole Arrays array structure;
The Dipole Arrays array structure, including the Fang Huan being made up of four dipole antennas, wherein, each dipole antenna point Do not fed by a quarter impedance mapped structure;
The metallic vias is provided with six, wherein four metallic vias pass through two-sided microstripline feed network structure and dipole respectively Submatrix array structure is connected, and two other metallic vias is mutually welded with a coaxial feed inner core;
The integrated resistor integrates at the feed port under far field operation pattern, for realizing the antenna under far field operation pattern Wideband impedance match.
2. nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that four dipoles Antenna is rectangle and isometric wide.
3. nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the medium substrate is adopted With the one or more in ceramic material either epoxy resin fiberglass plate or paper material.
4. nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the integrated resistor choosing With 1,206 20 Ω of series resistance.
5. nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that four dipoles Antenna composition side ring structure, circular barron structure is used at the apex drive point in it.
6. nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the barron structure Material is one or more of the copper either in silver or electrically conductive ink.
7. nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the medium substrate Dielectric constant is 4.3~4.5, and thickness is 1.4~1.8mm.
8. a kind of design method of nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas such as according to any one of claims 1 to 7, its It is characterised by, the antenna uses duplex feeding point structure, sets near field distributing point and far field distributing point respectively;
The near field distributing point, the aerial array of four dipole antenna compositions is included, converted and realized using a quarter impedance The wideband impedance match of antenna, and feeding network uses two-sided microstripline feed network structure;
At the far field distributing point, integrated resistor is set, the wideband impedance match of antenna is realized under far field operation pattern.
9. the design method of nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described A quarter impedance conversion is according to formula
<mrow> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </msqrt> <msqrt> <msub> <mi>R</mi> <mi>L</mi> </msub> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
Design two-sided microstripline feed network structure, wherein ZcFor a quarter impedance operator, RLFor input impedance.
CN201710572678.0A 2017-07-13 2017-07-13 Nearly far-field R FID read write lines switchable antenna and its design method Pending CN107369921A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108321491A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-07-24 苏州大学 Changeable nearly far field RFID antenna
CN110233327A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-09-13 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 A kind of UHF RFID reader antenna and switching method
CN110247158A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-09-17 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 A kind of UHF RFID reader antenna and switching method
CN110247179A (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-09-17 南京师范大学 It is a kind of to can recognize the UHF near field RFID reader antenna for arbitrarily putting label
CN110867640A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-06 湖南大学 Near field/far field reconfigurable RFID read-write antenna
CN113410642A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-17 上海微波技术研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所) One-to-four power division feed network of broadband antenna

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CN101924269A (en) * 2009-06-12 2010-12-22 航天信息股份有限公司 RFID antenna with bifurcate structure and design method thereof
CN207149702U (en) * 2017-07-13 2018-03-27 江苏智周万物科技有限公司 Nearly far-field R FID read write line switchable antennas

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US20090189816A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-07-30 Intermec Ip Corp. Near-field and far-field antenna-assembly and devices having same
WO2010124811A1 (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Kathrein-Werke Kg Magnetic-coupling near-field rfid antenna
CN101924269A (en) * 2009-06-12 2010-12-22 航天信息股份有限公司 RFID antenna with bifurcate structure and design method thereof
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108321491A (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-07-24 苏州大学 Changeable nearly far field RFID antenna
CN108321491B (en) * 2018-01-04 2019-12-20 苏州大学 Switchable near-far field radio frequency identification antenna
CN110233327A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-09-13 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 A kind of UHF RFID reader antenna and switching method
CN110247158A (en) * 2019-05-28 2019-09-17 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 A kind of UHF RFID reader antenna and switching method
CN110247179A (en) * 2019-06-20 2019-09-17 南京师范大学 It is a kind of to can recognize the UHF near field RFID reader antenna for arbitrarily putting label
CN110247179B (en) * 2019-06-20 2024-05-03 南京师范大学 UHF near field RFID reader antenna capable of identifying randomly placed tags
CN110867640A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-06 湖南大学 Near field/far field reconfigurable RFID read-write antenna
CN113410642A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-17 上海微波技术研究所(中国电子科技集团公司第五十研究所) One-to-four power division feed network of broadband antenna

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Application publication date: 20171121