CN107369205B - Mobile terminal city two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method - Google Patents
Mobile terminal city two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for a mobile terminal city, which comprises the following steps: 1. analyzing and organizing the three-dimensional file data, establishing a three-dimensional scene, and displaying a three-dimensional view; 2. acquiring current angular points and direction points in a three-dimensional scene, and transmitting the current angular points and direction points to a two-dimensional view in real time; 3. and the two-dimensional view analyzes the two-dimensional vector data, and the two-dimensional view is drawn in real time by combining the projection values of the current angular points and direction points in the three-dimensional scene on the horizontal plane. The method can realize two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display, give play to the advantages of the two-dimensional map in the aspect of position positioning, realize advantage complementation, and can see the positioning and observing direction of the current visual angle on the two-dimensional scene while browsing the three-dimensional city scene.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of virtual reality, and particularly relates to a method for performing two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display on a mobile terminal.
Background
In recent years, although the continuous development of the mobile three-dimensional GIS further improves the expression level of geographic information, the mobile three-dimensional GIS is still in a development stage, and the solution of some problems is more appropriate from the mature two-dimensional GIS. Therefore, two-dimensional and three-dimensional integration needs to be realized, and the respective advantages of the two-dimensional GIS and the three-dimensional GIS are fully exerted. Meanwhile, with the introduction of concepts such as smart cities, digital earth and the like, the research on the three-dimensional city visualization technology of the mobile terminal is particularly important.
The principle of linkage of the two-dimensional display window and the three-dimensional display window is realized by a certain message response mechanism. The realization of the one-to-one mapping of the two-dimensional map coordinates and the three-dimensional scene coordinates is a basic premise of response, and meanwhile, the projection reference coordinate system of the two-dimensional electronic map is consistent with the coordinate system constructed by the three-dimensional scene. The system realizes the synchronization of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional window display through the mutual transmission of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional coordinates. In order to fully embody the respective advantages of the two-dimensional GIS and the three-dimensional GIS, some related technical requirements need to be fully considered in the research process of realizing the two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display of the GIS, and the main requirements are listed as follows:
(1) data requirements
Two-dimensional and three-dimensional characteristics must be fully considered in the aspects of data model design, data organization and storage in two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display, and source data can preferably share one set of geographic space data. In some display cases, at least two-dimensional data and three-dimensional data must be associated with each other in a consistent ratio.
(2) Display control request
The same rules and the same human-computer interaction modules are used in the two-dimensional and three-dimensional scene visualization control, and the consistency of the scene range and the scene control in the two-dimensional and three-dimensional display environment needs to be maintained. The operation of the scene comprises forward, backward, rotation, zooming in, zooming out and the like, when the visualization operation is carried out, the visual angle, the content and the range of the scene are all changed, and all indexes of another window are changed accordingly.
Certainly, there are many contents which need to be kept consistent in the two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage process, but because the capability of the mobile end platform is relatively limited, the smoothness of real-time interaction is inevitably caused by excessively considering the consistent contents, and necessary linkage requirements are intensively researched according to application characteristics. The prior art of realizing two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage at present has the main problems that: 1. the platform is mainly realized by taking a desktop end as a main part, and the number of mobile ends is relatively small; 2. most of two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display software is developed by means of a third-party platform, the dependency is strong, the implementation process is opaque, and the data organization is unclear.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for a mobile terminal city, which can realize two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display on the mobile terminal, gives play to the advantages of a two-dimensional map in the aspect of position positioning aiming at the characteristics of a city scene of 'standing in high buildings and shading from the sun' to realize advantage complementation, and can see the positioning and observation direction of the current visual angle on a two-dimensional scene while browsing a three-dimensional city scene.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for a mobile terminal city comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing and organizing the three-dimensional file data, establishing a three-dimensional scene, and displaying a three-dimensional view;
(2) acquiring current angular points and direction points in a three-dimensional scene, and transmitting the current angular points and direction points to a two-dimensional view in real time;
(3) analyzing two-dimensional vector data by the two-dimensional view; and (4) drawing a two-dimensional view in real time by combining the projection positions of the current angular points and direction points in the three-dimensional scene on the horizontal plane.
The three-dimensional file data comprises three-dimensional coordinate data, and the projection value of the three-dimensional coordinate data on the horizontal plane is in corresponding proportional relation with the two-dimensional vector data.
The three-dimensional file data is obtained by a GIS two-dimensional vector map; adding a height attribute to ArcGIS, stretching the ArcGIS into a three-dimensional model file by using a SketchUp plug-in, opening the SketchUp for model editing, adding a texture, and exporting a three-dimensional universal obj format file as three-dimensional file data.
In the invention, the step (1) adopts OpenGL ES to establish a three-dimensional scene and display a three-dimensional view. The step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1) according to parameters of a projection cone and parameters of a camera set by OpenGL ES, selecting a lower boundary central point of a near plane as a transmitted view point, and selecting a direction point of the camera as a transmitted direction point;
(2.2) calculating the untransformed three-dimensional position coordinates corresponding to the current angular point and the direction point by using the inverse matrix of the scene transformation matrix;
and (2.3) transferring the projection value of the three-dimensional original position coordinate calculated in the step (2.2) on the horizontal plane to the two-dimensional view.
The display of the three-dimensional view and the display of the two-dimensional view are finished by different threads; and (2) realizing inter-thread communication through a single instance class, and transmitting the current corner point and direction point in the acquired three-dimensional scene to a two-dimensional view display thread in real time.
The mobile terminal is a mobile embedded device based on an Android system or an IOS system.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the city two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method of the mobile terminal disclosed by the invention has the following advantages: 1. the two-dimensional linkage display can exert the advantages of the two-dimensional map in the aspect of position positioning, realize advantage complementation and view the positioning and observing direction of the current visual angle on the two-dimensional scene while browsing the three-dimensional city scene; 2. the position and the view angle direction of the three-dimensional scene roaming process of the current city can be marked on the two-dimensional vector map in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a mobile terminal city two-dimensional and three-dimensional scene linkage display;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a two-dimensional and three-dimensional scene linkage implementation;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of two-dimensional linkage display effect of the mobile terminal;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional city model based on a two-dimensional vector map and three-dimensional modeling software;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of perspective points of propagation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of scaling three-dimensional original coordinates and two-dimensional vector coordinates;
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for a mobile terminal city, which comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing and organizing the three-dimensional file data, establishing a three-dimensional scene, and displaying a three-dimensional view;
(2) acquiring current angular points and direction points in a three-dimensional scene, and transmitting the current angular points and direction points to a two-dimensional view in real time;
(3) analyzing two-dimensional vector data by the two-dimensional view; and (4) drawing a two-dimensional view in real time by combining the projection positions of the current angular points and direction points in the three-dimensional scene on the horizontal plane.
The present embodiment further illustrates the present invention by constructing two three-dimensional linkage display interfaces on the mobile terminal. As shown in fig. 1, a three-dimensional view display thread and a two-dimensional view display thread are established in the mobile terminal, then the two-dimensional window and the three-dimensional window are respectively initialized for display, and meanwhile, the two-dimensional SHP data and the three-dimensional obj data are respectively analyzed and organized into a system memory. After the initialization is completed, the real-time refresh drawing stage is entered. Under normal conditions, the real-time drawing of the two-dimensional window utilizes two-dimensional data, and the real-time drawing of the three-dimensional window utilizes three-dimensional data, which are not mutually interfered. In the scene two-three-dimensional linkage, when the three-dimensional view thread draws a corresponding scene each time, the view angle needs to be resolved and transmitted to the two-dimensional real-time drawing thread, and the current view angle point is drawn by the two-dimensional view in real time, so that the scene linkage between the view angle point and the current view angle point is realized. In the embodiment, the inter-thread communication is realized through a single instance class, and the current corner point and the direction point in the acquired three-dimensional scene are transmitted to the two-dimensional view display thread in real time.
The invention adopts OpenGL ES to establish a three-dimensional scene and display a three-dimensional view. The OpenGL ES is a subset of an OpenGL three-dimensional graphics API, and is specially designed for embedded devices such as mobile phones, PDAs and game hosts, and the establishment of a three-dimensional scene based on the OpenGL ES is also an effective means for three-dimensional development of mobile-end devices, and the characteristics of flexibility and convenience of a mobile end are fully exerted.
Acquiring current angular points and direction points in a three-dimensional scene, and transmitting the current angular points and direction points to a two-dimensional view in real time, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1) according to parameters of a projection cone and parameters of a camera set by OpenGL ES, selecting a lower boundary central point of a near plane as a transmitted view point, and selecting a direction point of the camera as a transmitted direction point;
(2.2) calculating the untransformed three-dimensional position coordinates corresponding to the current angular point and the direction point by using the inverse matrix of the scene transformation matrix;
and (2.3) transferring the projection value of the three-dimensional original position coordinate calculated in the step (2.2) on the horizontal plane to the two-dimensional view.
The two-dimensional view draws a two-dimensional view according to the two-dimensional vector data and the projection values of the current corner points and direction points in the three-dimensional scene on the horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the two-dimensional and three-dimensional display effect graph of the mobile terminal city implemented in this embodiment is shown, the right graph is a real-time three-dimensional scene, the left graph is a real-time two-dimensional scene, meanwhile, the current three-dimensional view point is marked by a dot in the two-dimensional scene, and an arrow marks the observation direction of the current view point.
As shown in fig. 4, the three-dimensional data file used in the present embodiment may be an obj file in a commonly-used three-dimensional data format; the projection of the XOZ plane, i.e. the horizontal plane, of the coordinate data in the file and the two-dimensional vector data have a corresponding proportional relationship. The embodiment combines a GIS two-dimensional vector map and three-dimensional modeling software to realize the establishment of the three-dimensional city model. Adding a height attribute to ArcGIS, stretching the ArcGIS into a three-dimensional model file by a Sketch Up plug-in, opening the ArcGIS in Sketch Up for model editing, adding a texture, and exporting a three-dimensional universal obj format file.
As shown in fig. 5, in order to fit the actual situation, the present embodiment selects and calculates the lower-bound center point of the near plane as the view point of the transmission. In fig. 5, 1 is the viewing direction, 2 is the camera viewpoint, 3 is the near plane, 4 is the far plane, 5 is the projection of the direction point on the near plane, and 6 is the lower boundary center point of the near plane.
Since the three-dimensional view finally shows the projection of the scene in the cone onto the near plane 3, if the position of the camera is taken as the transmitted view point, the view point location shown in the two-dimensional view is necessarily behind the current three-dimensional view, with a large error. The principle selected in the embodiment also accords with the visual principle of an interactor, and certain errors are avoided.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the projection of the three-dimensional original coordinates on the XOZ plane, i.e. the horizontal plane, and the two-dimensional vector coordinates satisfy a corresponding relationship, i.e. there is a certain proportional relationship between the minimum envelope rectangle of the horizontal projection of the three-dimensional scene and the minimum envelope rectangle of the two-dimensional scene. In the embodiment, after the position of the three-dimensional scene in the original coordinate system is obtained, the distances delta X and delta Z between the position and the left side and the lower side of the minimum envelope rectangle projected by the three-dimensional scene on the horizontal plane are calculated and scaled to form delta X 'and delta Y'; the delta X 'and the delta Y' are distances from the left side and the lower side of the minimum envelope rectangle of the two-dimensional vector diagram; therefore, the corresponding position coordinates of the view point and the direction point in the three-dimensional scene in the two-dimensional vector map can be obtained.
Claims (5)
1. A two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for a mobile terminal city is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) analyzing and organizing the three-dimensional file data, establishing a three-dimensional scene, and displaying a three-dimensional view;
(2) acquiring current angular points and direction points in a three-dimensional scene, and transmitting the current angular points and direction points to a two-dimensional view in real time;
(3) analyzing two-dimensional vector data by the two-dimensional view; combining the projection positions of the current angular points and direction points in the three-dimensional scene on the horizontal plane to draw a two-dimensional view in real time;
adopting OpenGL ES to establish a three-dimensional scene in the step (1) and displaying a three-dimensional view; the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2.1) according to parameters of a projection cone and parameters of a camera set by OpenGL ES, selecting a lower boundary central point of a near plane as a transmitted view point, and selecting a direction point of the camera as a transmitted direction point;
(2.2) calculating the untransformed three-dimensional position coordinates corresponding to the current angular point and the direction point by using the inverse matrix of the scene transformation matrix;
and (2.3) transferring the projection value of the three-dimensional original position coordinate calculated in the step (2.2) on the horizontal plane to the two-dimensional view.
2. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for the mobile terminal city according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional file data comprises three-dimensional coordinate data, and the projection value of the three-dimensional coordinate data on the horizontal plane is in corresponding proportional relation with the two-dimensional vector data.
3. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for the mobile terminal city according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional file data is obtained by a GIS two-dimensional vector map; adding a height attribute to ArcGIS, stretching the ArcGIS into a three-dimensional model file by using a Sketch Up plug-in, opening the ArcGIS in Sketch Up for model editing, adding a texture, and exporting a three-dimensional universal obj format file as three-dimensional file data.
4. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for the mobile terminal city according to claim 1, wherein the display of the three-dimensional view and the display of the two-dimensional view are completed by different threads; and (2) realizing inter-thread communication through a single instance class, and transmitting the current corner point and direction point in the acquired three-dimensional scene to a two-dimensional view display thread in real time.
5. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional linkage display method for the mobile terminal city according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the mobile terminal is a mobile embedded device based on an Android system or an IOS system.
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| CN110222111B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2023-08-01 | 东南大学 | Visual analysis system of target characteristic database |
| CN111643897B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2023-10-13 | 完美世界(北京)软件科技发展有限公司 | Information processing method, device, system and equipment |
| US20220113423A1 (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-14 | SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. | Representation data generation of three-dimensional mapping data |
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