CN107367203B - A kind of blasting parameters optimization method ensureing above ground structure safety - Google Patents
A kind of blasting parameters optimization method ensureing above ground structure safety Download PDFInfo
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- CN107367203B CN107367203B CN201710609935.3A CN201710609935A CN107367203B CN 107367203 B CN107367203 B CN 107367203B CN 201710609935 A CN201710609935 A CN 201710609935A CN 107367203 B CN107367203 B CN 107367203B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of blasting parameters optimization methods ensureing above ground structure safety, including：Formulate explosion bulge test scheme；It detonates according to testing program, obtains the vertical direction of each measuring point, three groups of test datas of horizontal radial and horizontal tangential, take the corresponding group test data of peak velocity arithmetic mean of instantaneous value the maximum as analysis data；Solve the v f computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the quick-fried area；Solve the peak vibration speed and basic frequency in explosion design initial scheme；Peak vibration speed and basic frequency are compareed into the safe permitting deformation of existing blasting vibration point by point, and adjusts and does not meet《Shotfiring safety regulation》Peak vibration speed and basic frequency corresponding to explosion design initial scheme, until meeting the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration.This method strong applicability, it is easy to operate, the civil economic dispute brought because the blasting vibration of above ground structure damages and working-day claims can be prevented, greatly improve the economic benefit of construction party.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of explosion design parameter optimization method more particularly to it is a kind of ensure above ground structure safety it is quick-fried
Broken parameter optimization method, belongs to blasting vibration effect safety evaluation and control field.
Background technology
Bore blowing-up method is widely used in urban shallow tunnel as earth and rock works excavation means the most cost-effective
Driving, building foundation pit excavate and the construction of underground space engineering, mine construction engineering and hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering etc. in.It is many quick-fried
Broken operation area is away from closer, the blasting vibration effect outstanding problem of above ground structure distance.Blasting design scheme is slightly improper, generation
Attenuation of seismic waves can cause the wall of above ground structure, concrete cracking, Paint Falling, door glass rupture seriously to injure
The safety of building, and then cause project dispute, excessive blasting vibration may also result in building collapsing damage, bring on a disaster
The consequence of property.Using the blasting vibration of control above ground structure, most common technical solution concentrates on following three substantially safely at present
A aspect：
(1) during Blasting Excavation, whole real-time tracking monitors ground by the peak velocity of protection building basis particle
And dominant frequency, if monitoring not meeting《Shotfiring safety regulation》The waveform of the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration of (6722-2014), horse
The main blasting parameter of the upper next big gun time of adjustment, then proceedes to monitor and adjust in time in real time.This technology directly uses whole process
Monitoring mode and monitoring result is accurate, thus the degree applied is wider.But because most of Blasting Excavation durations of a project are longer, prison
It is higher to survey cost；And the parameter adjustment of lower big gun time could be carried out when monitoring to go wrong, in this way since civil disputation, project schedule delay
And economic dispute etc. is not avoided that again.
(2) field test is done in bursting work face before construction, is laid measuring point by certain rule in quick-fried area and acquired explosion and is shaken
Dynamic peak velocity data, fitted based on gathered data corresponded in Sa Shi Explosive Vibrating Velocity models bursting work field condition K,
Then α values utilize Sa Shi Explosive Vibrating Velocities model according to primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum medicine in known blasting design scheme
Amount and quick-fried source away from by the quick-fried heart on protection above ground structure basis away from predicting to be protected the particle peak velocity of above ground structure, most
After compare《Shotfiring safety regulation》The safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration, non-compliant blasting parameter is optimized.It should
Technology does not strictly observe the joint effect that peak velocity and frequency are considered in existing safety criterion of blasting vibration, only simple
It is whether safe under blasting vibration state as above ground structure is judged using Peak Particle Velocity, thus in practice of construction
It usually makes a fault in instruction course.
(3) it selects and mainly controls primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose when explosion design parameter, and is primary neat
Quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose choosing value are relatively low, make than more conservative blasting design scheme, are applied in actual explosion
Pessimistic scheme is pressed in work completely to construct, whole process is without any Blast Vibration Monitoring.Though the technology protects ground due to overly conservative
The quake-resistant safety of building, but driving speed is low, significantly reduces construction efficiency.
Therefore, it designs a kind of operator monitoring amount less and defers to comprehensively and use peak value in existing safety criterion of blasting vibration
Speed-dominant frequency is quick-fried as the Comprehensive Evaluation index guarantee above ground structure safety that blast working progress is substantially unaffected simultaneously
Broken parameter optimization method is current urgent problem to be solved.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, provide a kind of strong applicability, operation letter
List can greatly improve construction party economic benefit and defer to comprehensively in existing safety criterion of blasting vibration using peak velocity-master
Blasting parameters optimization method of the frequency as the guarantee above ground structure safety of Comprehensive Evaluation index.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the blasting parameters optimization side provided by the present invention for ensureing above ground structure safety
Method includes the following steps：
Step 1：According to the geological conditions and Rock Nature in quick-fried area, explosion bulge test scheme is formulated；
Step 2：Radial elastic vibrating area along quick-fried source arranges measuring point in the different quick-fried hearts away from place, is risen according to testing program
It is quick-fried, the vertical direction of each measuring point, three groups of peak vibration speed trial data of horizontal radial and horizontal tangential are obtained, peak value is taken to shake
The dynamic corresponding test data organized of speed arithmetic's average value the maximum carries out linear fit as analysis data to analysis data,
Solve the v-f computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the quick-fried area；Each group of test data includes peak vibration speed v, dominant frequency
Rate f, the quick-fried heart are away from R and primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Q；
Step 3：By primary neat quick-fried total dose in each big gun time in explosion design initial scheme or single hop maximum dose and the big gun
By protection above ground structure basis, the distance away from quick-fried source substitutes into v-f computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model when secondary detonation, solves quick-fried
Peak vibration speed and basic frequency in broken design initial scheme；
Step 4：The peak vibration speed and basic frequency that are acquired in step 3 are compareed point by point existing《Shotfiring safety regulation》
The safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration of (6722-2014), the peak vibration speed and basic frequency that do not meet the standard are sorted out
Come；
Step 5：It is not met in set-up procedure four《Shotfiring safety regulation》The peak vibration speed of (6722-2014) and master
Explosion corresponding to frequency designs initial scheme, repeats step 3 and step 4, is up to meeting the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration
Only.
Further, it is as follows：
Step 1：The explosion bulge test of multiple big guns time is carried out in quick-fried area, and is 1,2 to experiment big gun time number consecutively ... n；
Step 2：It is radially different quick-fried on same level straight line within the scope of the radial elastic vibrating area in quick-fried source
The heart arranges m measuring point away from place, and a blasting vibration measurement instrument and its mating vertical direction, horizontal diameter are laid at each measuring point
To the velocity sensor with horizontal tangential；It keeps measuring point constant, successively according to experiment big gun time 1,2 ... n detonations, utilizes blasting vibration
Tester three vertical direction of each measuring point, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential directions under each measuring point acquisition different tests big gun time
Peak vibration speed and basic frequency, according to three vertical direction, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential direction grouped record test datas,
Each group of test data includes peak vibration speed v, basic frequency f, the quick-fried heart away from R and primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose
Q；
Step 3：Calculate separately the calculation of m*n peak velocity levels of vertical direction in step 2, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential
Art average value, take the peak vibration speed, basic frequency, the quick-fried heart in direction corresponding to arithmetic mean of instantaneous value the maximum away from and it is primary neat quick-fried total
Dose or single hop maximum dose are fitted analysis data as analysis data, obtain the v-f computation models in the quick-fried area and quick-fried
Broken vibration velocity model；
Step 4：By primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Q in explosion design initial scheme each big gun timejAnd the big gun
By distance R of the protection above ground structure basis away from quick-fried source when secondary detonationjThe Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in step 3 is substituted into first, is found out
Peak vibration speed vj, then by Qj、Rj、vjThe v-f computation models in step 3 are substituted into, reverse goes out dominant frequency value fj, to obtain one
Data point (the f of the corresponding explosion design initial scheme each big gun time of seriesj,vj)；
Step 5：Total data point (the f that step 4 is obtainedj,vj) compare point by point it is existing《Shotfiring safety regulation》(6722-
2014) data point for not meeting the standard is sorted out, is denoted as (f herein by the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibrationk,vk)；
Step 6：Number of non-compliances is adjusted according to (fk,vk) corresponding explosion designs initial scheme so that primary neat quick-fried total dose or
Single hop maximum dose value reduces, then repeatedly step 4 and step 5, until data point meets the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration and is
Only.
Further, measuring point quantity m is more than or equal to 5.
Further, the value of m*n is more than or equal to 15.
Further, respectively experiment big gun time uses different primary neat quick-fried total doses.
Further, respectively the minimum dose of primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Q are shaken with explosion in experiment big gun time
Dynamic wave energy triggering measuring point sensor simultaneously collects subject to useful signal.
Further, the highest dose Q of primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose during respectively experiment big gun is secondarymaxBy from quick-fried
The nearest quick-fried heart by protection above ground structure in source determines away from r and quick-fried area's lithology, wherein：
When quick-fried area's lithology is solid rock, Qmax=2.4*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg；
When quick-fried area's lithology is medium-hard rock, Qmax=3.6*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg；
When quick-fried area's lithology is soft rock, Qmax=11.3*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg.
The blasting parameters optimization method of the guarantee above ground structure safety of above-mentioned technical proposal, intends analysis data
It closes, obtains the f-v computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the quick-fried area, steps are as follows for specific implementation：
The relational expression met between blasting vibration basic frequency f and peak vibration speed v is：F*R/v=K1* [Q^ (1/3)/
R] ^a1, wherein K1, a1 is respectively coefficient related with Blasting geology condition, and R is the quick-fried heart away from Q is primary neat quick-fried total dose or list
Analysis data are substituted into above-mentioned relation formula and are fitted calculating using MATLAB, obtain COEFFICIENT K 1, a1 by the maximum dose of section
Value, and then obtain the v-f computation models in the quick-fried area；
Explosive Vibrating Velocity model is using classical Sadaovsk formula：V=K2* [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^a2, wherein K2, a2 distinguish
For the related coefficient with blasting condition, rock behavio(u)r etc., it is primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose that R, which is the quick-fried heart away from, Q,
Similarly, analysis data are substituted into classical Sadaovsk formula and is fitted calculating using MATLAB, obtain COEFFICIENT K 2, a2
Value, and then obtain the Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the quick-fried area.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) operator monitoring amount is little
A little monitoring only is done during explosion bulge test scheme executes, the monitoring data point that 15 groups or more are got with guarantee is
Preferably.Blasting design scheme after optimization implement during without doing any tracking and monitoring, operator monitoring amount is less, monitoring at
This is low.
(2) use peak velocity-dominant frequency as Comprehensive Evaluation index
Now execute《Shotfiring safety regulation》The safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration in (6722-2014) is according to being protected
Safe peak velocity levels are set forth in object type and the band limits of particle dominant frequency, so strictly speaking, only using peak
Value speed-dominant frequency can just strictly observe existing shotfiring safety regulation as Comprehensive Evaluation index.
(3) blast working progress is substantially unaffected
The peak velocity found out after being adjusted using this method is substantially the pole of corresponding frequency band in safety criterion of blasting vibration
Big value, adjustment amplitude when blasting parameters optimization are preferably minimized, and construction speed is substantially unaffected.
(4) easy to operate, strong applicability
This method step is clear, implements simple and practicable, since key model therein is the number by field monitoring
According to determination, so model, to the with strong applicability of field condition, precision of prediction is higher.
In conclusion the present invention only needs to put the big gun of small pit goaf experiment several times early period does a little monitoring, just can determine that out according to
Main blasting parameter is known to derive the computation model of place quick-fried area's Peak Particle Velocity and dominant frequency, is then compareed existing
The safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration recognizable can go out need the dangerous blasting design scheme optimized, and then will be corresponding quick-fried
Parameter adjustment is broken to safety value.This method strong applicability, it is easy to operate, it can prevent to damage because of the blasting vibration of above ground structure
And the civil economic dispute brought and working-day claims, greatly improve the economic benefit of construction party.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the point layout schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2 the blasting parameters optimization side for ensureing above ground structure safety a kind of to the present invention
Method is further described.
Step 1:According to the geological conditions and Rock Nature in quick-fried area, testing program is formulated with reference to explosion design initial scheme,
Determine primary neat quick-fried total dose in explosion bulge test scheme.It is tried in the explosion that quick-fried area selects suitable position to carry out multiple big guns time
It tests, experiment big gun time number consecutively is 1,2 ... n, n>=3, for the sake of simplicity, individual shot or more can be used in explosion bulge test scheme
The minimum dose of the blasting method of hole volley, primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose determines in the following manner：With
Blasting vibration wave energy triggers measuring point sensor and collects subject to useful signal.Primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose
Highest dose QmaxIt is determined by the quick-fried areas the Xin Juhebao lithology of protection above ground structure by nearest from quick-fried source, wherein：
When quick-fried area's lithology is solid rock, Qmax=2.4*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg；
When quick-fried area's lithology is medium-hard rock, Qmax=3.6*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg；
When quick-fried area's lithology is soft rock, Qmax=11.3*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg.Each experiment big gun time is using different
Primary neat quick-fried total dose value, be denoted as Q respectivelyi(i=1,2 ... n).Step 2：Within the scope of the radial elastic vibrating area in quick-fried source
(150 times of powder charge radius builds object location to by protection) quick-fried heart radially different on same level straight line is away from place's cloth
Measuring point is set, measuring point serial number is respectively 1,2 ... m, m>=5.Short distance measuring point is closeer when arranging measuring point, remote measuring point spacing
Interval can be relatively larger.A blasting vibration measurement instrument and its mating vertical direction, horizontal radial are laid at each measuring point
With the velocity sensor of horizontal tangential.It keeps measuring point constant, successively according to experiment big gun time 1,2 ... n detonations, is surveyed using blasting vibration
The three direction peak vibration speed and basic frequency for trying instrument each particle under each measuring point acquisition different tests big gun time, according to Vertical Square
To, three direction grouped record test datas of horizontal radial and horizontal tangential, test data record sheet Format Reference table 1, in table 1
Q is the corresponding primary neat quick-fried total dose of each testing program or single hop maximum dose, kg；R is the distance between measuring point to quick-fried source,
I.e. the quick-fried heart of measuring point is away from m；V is the peak vibration speed of measuring point, cm/s；F is the dominant frequency of measuring point, Hz.
Step 3：Calculate separately m*n peak velocity levels of vertical direction in step 2, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential
Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value：ave(vv)=Σ vv/ (m*n), ave (vhr)=Σ vhr/ (m*n), ave (vht)=Σ vht/ (m*n), takes calculation
The peak vibration speed, basic frequency in direction corresponding to art average value the maximum, the quick-fried heart away from and primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop most
Big dose is denoted as Q respectively as analysis data according to firing orderi(i=1,2 ... m*n), Ri(i=1,2 ... m*n), vi
(i=1,2 ... m*n), fi(i=1,2 ... m*n), to analysis data be fitted, obtain the quick-fried area v-f computation models and
Explosive Vibrating Velocity model.
Steps are as follows for the v-f computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model solution in quick-fried area：Blasting vibration basic frequency f and peak vibration
The relational expression met between speed v is：F*R/v=K1* [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^a1, wherein K1, a1 are respectively and Blasting geology item
The related coefficient of part.Natural logrithm is taken simultaneously to the relational expression both sides, is obtained：Ln (f*R/v)=a1* [ln (Q)/3-ln (R)]+ln
(K1).X=ln (Q)/3-ln (R), y=ln (f*R/v) is enabled to choose the peak value in direction corresponding to above-mentioned arithmetic mean of instantaneous value the maximum
Vibration velocity vi(i=1,2 ... m*n), basic frequency fi(i=1,2 ... m*n), the quick-fried heart are away from Ri(i=1,2 ... m*n) and it is primary neat
Quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Qi(i=1,2 ... m*n) are used as function x=ln (Q)/3-ln (R), y=ln's (f*R/v)
Several groups data point (xi, y then can be obtained in independent variablei).With matlab orders to all data point (xi,yi) carry out Linear Quasi
It closes：A=polyfit (xi,yi, 1), obtained parameter a (1) and a (2) is to be respectively to y=a1*x+ln (K1) linear regression
Number, i.e.,：A1=a (1), ln (K1)=a (2) further release the value of K1, a1：K1=exp (a (2)), a1=a (1), then this is quick-fried
The v-f computation models in area are：F=exp (a (2)) * [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^a (1) * v/R.
Explosive Vibrating Velocity model is using classical Sadaovsk formula：V=K2* [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^a2, wherein K2, a2 points
Not Wei with blasting condition, rock behavio(u)r etc. related coefficient.Natural logrithm is taken simultaneously to Sadaovsk formula both sides, is obtained：ln
(v)=a2* [ln (Q)/3-ln (R)]+ln (K2).X=ln (Q)/3-ln (R), yy=ln (v) is enabled, if it is flat to choose above-mentioned arithmetic
The peak vibration speed v in direction corresponding to mean value the maximumi(i=1,2 ... m*n), the quick-fried heart are away from Ri(i=1,2 ... m*n) and one
Secondary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Qi(i=1,2 ... m*n) are used as function x=ln (Q)/3-ln (R), yy=ln (v)
Independent variable, then several groups data point (x can be obtainedi,yyi).With matlab orders to all data point (xi,yyi) carry out
Linear fit：B=polyfit (xi,yyi, 1), obtained parameter b (1) and b (2) is linear to yy=a2*x+ln (K2) respectively
The coefficient of recurrence, i.e.,：A2=b (1), ln (K2)=b (2) further release the value of K2, a2：K2=exp (b (2)), a2=b
(1), the Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the areas Ze Gaibao is：V=exp (b (2)) * [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^b (1).
Step 4：By primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Q in explosion design initial scheme each big gun timejAnd the big gun
By distance R of the protection above ground structure basis away from quick-fried source when secondary detonationjThe Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in step 3 is substituted into first, is found out
Peak vibration speed vj, then by Qj、Rj、vjThe v-f computation models in step 3 are substituted into, reverse goes out dominant frequency value fj, to obtain
A series of data point (the f of corresponding explosion design initial scheme each big guns timej,vj), this indicates that primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop are maximum
Dose takes QjWhen in the quick-fried heart away from RjThe particle vibration dominant frequency by protection above ground structure basis at place is fj, peak velocity vj。
Step 5：By total data point (fj,vj) compare point by point it is existing《Shotfiring safety regulation》The explosion of (6722-2014)
Vibration safety permitting deformation judges whether to meet the standard.If meeting, the blasting design scheme of the big gun time is feasible；If not being inconsistent
It closes, the explosion for not meeting the standard, which is designed all big guns in initial scheme, to be made a mark, and is sorted out corresponding peak value and shaken
Dynamic speed and dominant frequency, are denoted as (f hereink,vk), into the 6th step；
Step 6：Number of non-compliances is adjusted according to (fk,vk) corresponding explosion designs initial scheme, mainly pass through and optimizes explosion
Design scheme adjusts primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose, then repeatedly step 4 and step 5, until data point
Until meeting the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration.
Embodiment 1：
Step 1：Certain foundation excavation blasting engineering place is selected to carry out explosion bulge test, quick-fried area's basement rock is that weathering is more serious
Granite and gneiss, test distance of the quick-fried source away from a nearest residential building be 55m, because quick-fried area's basement rock be medium-hard rock, one
Secondary neat quick-fried highest dose Qmax=3.6*10^ (- 5) * r^3=3.6*10^ (- 5) * 55^3=5.99Kg.It is 2m, hole to take hole depth
Diameter is 40mm, and single hole explosive payload is 0.9kg, stemming length 1.3m, single cloth hole, pitch-row 1.2m.Experiment big gun frequency n takes 3,
It is 1,2,3 to test big gun time number consecutively, and the blasthole number of each big gun time is respectively 3,4,6, and blasting method takes porous volley
Explosion, then primary neat quick-fried total dose is respectively 2.7Kg, 3.6Kg and 5.4Kg, is no more than 5.99Kg.
Step 2：Determine that 1 corresponding quick-fried source position of experiment big gun time, the distance away from nearest residential building are 55m first.Along quick-fried source
With away from, respectively in the quick-fried heart away to arrange 5 measuring points at 25m, 28m, 33m, 40m and 50m, being surveyed on the nearest residential building direction in quick-fried source
Point number is respectively 1,2,3,4,5.Keep measuring point constant, along away from residential building direction slightly nigration big gun times 2 and big gun time 3
Quick-fried source position, and the quick-fried heart of each measuring point is recorded away from (the quick-fried heart away from be varied from).An IDTS3850 explosion is laid at each measuring point
The velocity sensor of vibration test recorder and its mating vertical direction, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential.Successively according to experiment
Times 1,2,3 detonation of big gun, using IDTS3850 blasting vibration tests recorder under each measuring point acquisition different tests big gun time each particle
Three direction peak vibration speed and basic frequency, according to three vertical direction, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential direction grouped records
Test data, data record sheet refer to table 2.
Step 3：Calculate separately m*n peak velocity levels of vertical direction in step 2, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential
Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value：ave(vv)=Σ vv/ (m*n)=1.41cm/s, ave (vhr)=Σ vhr/ (m*n)=1.29cm/s, ave
(vht)=Σ vht/ (m*n)=1.03cm/s, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of vertical direction is maximum, thus take the quick-fried heart of vertical direction away from, one
Secondary neat quick-fried total dose, peak vibration speed and basic frequency are denoted as Q respectively as analysis data according to firing orderi(i=1,
2,…,15)、Ri(i=1,2 ..., 15), vi(i=1,2 ..., 15), fi(i=1,2 ..., 15).It can be fitted based on analysis data
The v-f computation models for going out COEFFICIENT K 1=exp (a (2))=116, a1=a (1)=- areas 0.75, Ze Gaibao of v-f models are：F=
116*[Q^(1/3)/R]^(-0.75)*v/R。
Based on analysis data can fit COEFFICIENT K 2=exp (b (2))=211, a2=b (1) of Explosive Vibrating Velocity model=
The Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in 1.58th, Ze Gaibao area is：V=211* [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^1.58.
Step 4：By primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Q in explosion design initial scheme each big gun timejAnd the big gun
By distance R of the protection above ground structure basis away from quick-fried source when secondary detonationjThe Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in step 3 is substituted into first, is found out
Peak vibration speed vj, then by Qj、Rj、vjThe v-f computation models in step 3 are substituted into, reverse goes out dominant frequency value fj, choose herein
Parameter in the explosion design initial scheme of certain big guns time (big gun sequence number is only to number, no practical significance) does example calculations,
Show that the results are shown in Table 3.
Step 5：Because protected object is a Multi-storey block private residence, classification belongs to common civil buildings object, by table
The corresponding dominant frequency of each big gun time in 3 and peak velocity levels (fj,vj) compare point by point it is existing《Shotfiring safety regulation》(6722-
2014) safety of common civil buildings object allows vibration velocity standard in the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration (as shown in table 4)
Value, judges whether to meet the standard.It is found after control：1,2,3,5,7 corresponding (7.7Hz, 0.6cm/s) of big gun time, (9.6Hz,
0.7cm/s), (20.7Hz, 1.4cm/s), (55.6Hz, 2.7cm/s), (86.2Hz, 2.9cm/s) are complied with standard, explosion design
Parameter is feasible；4,6,8 corresponding (44.4Hz, 2.6cm/s) of big gun time, (67.4Hz, 3.2cm/s), (138Hz, 3.3cm/s) exceed
Standard, explosion design parameter need to be optimized.
Step 6：The dynamite quantity per hole of the second round in adjustment big gun time 4 is adjusted to 2.9Kg by original 3.3Kg so that big gun
4 single hop maximum dose Q is down to 35Kg by 40Kg；The dynamite quantity per hole of the third round in big gun time 6 is adjusted by original 2.75Kg
It is adjusted to 3.0Kg, borehole number is adjusted to 6 by original 8 so that the single hop maximum dose Q of big gun time 6 is down to 18Kg by 22Kg；
8 design of big gun time is hole-by-hole initiation scheme, maximum dynamite quantity per hole is adjusted to 2Kg by original 3Kg so that the single hop of big gun time 8 is most
Big dose Q is down to 2Kg by 3Kg.Repetition step 4 calculates 4,6,8 corresponding dominant frequency of big gun time respectively and peak velocity is respectively：
(42.8Hz, 2.4cm/s), (63.7Hz, 2.8cm/s), (123.4Hz, 2.7cm/s).Then repeat in step 5 with explosion
The control work of vibration safety standard, discovery are satisfied by standard, and the blasting parameter after optimization is feasible.
Table 1 is the Blast Vibration Monitoring tables of data template of the present invention
Table 2 is the actual measurement Blast Vibration Monitoring tables of data recorded described in the specific embodiment of the invention
Table 3 is corresponding v, f evaluation table of specific embodiment of the invention explosion initial scheme parameter
| Big gun sequence number | Q/Kg | R/m | v/cm/s | f/Hz |
| 1 | 55 | 150 | 0.6 | 7.7 |
| 2 | 36 | 125 | 0.7 | 9.6 |
| 3 | 45 | 85 | 1.4 | 20.7 |
| 4 | 40 | 55 | 2.6 | 44.4 |
| 5 | 24 | 45 | 2.7 | 55.6 |
| 6 | 22 | 40 | 3.2 | 67.4 |
| 7 | 8 | 30 | 2.9 | 86.2 |
| 8 | 3 | 20 | 3.3 | 138.0 |
Table 4 is that present invention control is used《Shotfiring safety regulation》Blasting vibration in (6722-2014) allows to mark safely
It is accurate
Claims (8)
1. a kind of blasting parameters optimization method ensureing above ground structure safety, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：According to the geological conditions and Rock Nature in quick-fried area, explosion bulge test scheme is formulated；
Step 2：Radial elastic vibrating area along quick-fried source arranges measuring point in the different quick-fried hearts away from place, detonates, obtains according to testing program
To three groups of peak vibration speed trial data of the vertical direction of each measuring point, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential, take peak vibration fast
The corresponding test data organized of arithmetic mean of instantaneous value the maximum is spent as analysis data, and linear fit is carried out to analysis data, is solved
The v-f computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the areas Chu Gaibao；Each group of test data include peak vibration speed v, basic frequency f,
The quick-fried heart includes peak vibration speed v, basic frequency f, the quick-fried heart away from R and list away from R and primary quick-fried total dose or each group of test data together
The maximum dose of section；
Step 3：By primary neat quick-fried total dose in each big gun time in explosion design initial scheme or single hop maximum dose and big gun time
By protection above ground structure basis, the distance away from quick-fried source substitutes into v-f computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model when quick-fried, solves explosion and sets
Count the peak vibration speed and basic frequency in initial scheme；
Step 4：The peak vibration speed and basic frequency that are acquired in step 3 are compareed point by point existing《Shotfiring safety regulation》
The safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration of (6722-2014), the peak vibration speed and basic frequency that do not meet the standard are sorted out
Come；
Step 5：It is not met in set-up procedure four《Shotfiring safety regulation》The peak vibration speed and basic frequency of (6722-2014)
Corresponding explosion designs initial scheme, step 3 and step 4 is repeated, until meeting the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration.
2. the blasting parameters optimization method according to claim 1 for ensureing above ground structure safety, which is characterized in that specific
Steps are as follows：
Step 1：The explosion bulge test of multiple big guns time is carried out in quick-fried area, and is 1,2 to experiment big gun time number consecutively ... n；
Step 2：Within the scope of the radial elastic vibrating area in quick-fried source the quick-fried heart radially different on same level straight line away from
Place arrangement m measuring point, at each measuring point laying one blasting vibration measurement instrument and its mating vertical direction, horizontal radial and
The velocity sensor of horizontal tangential；It keeps measuring point constant, successively according to experiment big gun time 1,2 ... n detonations, utilizes blasting vibration measurement
Instrument under each measuring point acquisition different tests big gun time the vertical direction of each measuring point, three directions of horizontal radial and horizontal tangential peak value
Vibration velocity and basic frequency, it is each according to three vertical direction, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential direction grouped record test datas
Group test data includes peak vibration speed v, basic frequency f, the quick-fried heart away from R and primary neat quick-fried total dose；Or each group of test data
Including peak vibration speed v, basic frequency f, the quick-fried heart away from R and single hop maximum dose；
Step 3：Calculate separately the calculation of m*n peak vibration velocity amplitude of vertical direction in step 2, horizontal radial and horizontal tangential
Art average value, take the peak vibration speed, basic frequency, the quick-fried heart in direction corresponding to arithmetic mean of instantaneous value the maximum away from and it is primary neat quick-fried total
Dose is as analysis data；Or take the peak vibration speed, basic frequency, the quick-fried heart in direction corresponding to arithmetic mean of instantaneous value the maximum away from
And single hop maximum dose is fitted analysis data, show that the v-f computation models in the quick-fried area and explosion shake as analysis data
Fast model；
Step 4：By primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Q in explosion design initial scheme each big gun timejAnd the big gun time detonation
When by distance R of the protection above ground structure basis away from quick-fried sourcejThe Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in step 3 is substituted into first, is found out peak value and is shaken
Dynamic speed vj, then by Qj、Rj、vjThe v-f computation models in step 3 are substituted into, reverse goes out basic frequency fj, a series of right to obtain
Answer the data point (f of explosion design initial scheme each big gun timej,vj)；
Step 5：Total data point (the f that step 4 is obtainedj,vj) compare point by point it is existing《Shotfiring safety regulation》(6722-2014)
The safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration, by the data point for not meeting the standard sort out come, be denoted as (f hereink,vk)；
Step 6：Number of non-compliances is adjusted according to (fk,vk) corresponding explosion designs initial scheme so that primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop
Maximum dose value reduces, then repeatedly step 4 and step 5, until data point meets the safe permitting deformation of blasting vibration.
3. the blasting parameters optimization method according to claim 2 for ensureing above ground structure safety, it is characterised in that：Measuring point
Quantity m is more than or equal to 5.
4. the blasting parameters optimization method according to claim 2 for ensureing above ground structure safety, it is characterised in that：m*n
Value be more than or equal to 15.
5. the blasting parameters optimization method according to claim 2 for ensureing above ground structure safety, it is characterised in that：Each examination
Big gun time is tested using different primary neat quick-fried total doses or single hop maximum dose.
6. the blasting parameters optimization method according to claim 2 for ensureing above ground structure safety, it is characterised in that：Each examination
It tests the minimum dose of primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose Q in big gun time and velocity sensor is triggered simultaneously with blasting vibration wave energy
It collects subject to useful signal.
7. the blasting parameters optimization method according to claim 2 for ensureing above ground structure safety, it is characterised in that：Each examination
Test the highest dose Q of primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose in big gun timemaxBy from quick-fried source it is nearest by protection surface structures
The quick-fried heart of object determines away from r and quick-fried area's lithology, wherein：
When quick-fried area's lithology is solid rock, Qmax=2.4*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg；
When quick-fried area's lithology is medium-hard rock, Qmax=3.6*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg；
When quick-fried area's lithology is soft rock, Qmax=11.3*10^ (- 5) * r^3, Kg.
8. ensureing the blasting parameters optimization method of above ground structure safety, feature according to claim 1-7 any one of them
It is：Analysis data are fitted, obtain the v-f computation models and Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the quick-fried area, implement step
It is as follows：
The relational expression met between blasting vibration basic frequency f and peak vibration speed v is：F*R/v=K1* [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^
A1, wherein K1, a1 are respectively coefficient related with Blasting geology condition, and R is the quick-fried heart away from Q is primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop
Analysis data substitute into above-mentioned relation formula and using MATLAB are fitted calculating by maximum dose, obtain COEFFICIENT K 1, a1
Value, and then obtain the v-f computation models in the quick-fried area；
Explosive Vibrating Velocity model is using classical Sadaovsk formula：V=K2* [Q^ (1/3)/R] ^a2, wherein K2, a2 be respectively with
The related coefficient of blasting condition, rock behavio(u)r, R are the quick-fried heart away from Q is that primary neat quick-fried total dose or single hop maximum dose similarly will
Analysis data substitute into classical Sadaovsk formula and are fitted calculating using MATLAB, obtain COEFFICIENT K 2, the value of a2, into
And obtain the Explosive Vibrating Velocity model in the quick-fried area.
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| CN110514377B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-08-17 | 鞍钢矿业爆破有限公司 | Method for evaluating influence degree of blasting vibration on building |
| CN110926288B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-11-23 | 河南理工大学 | Optimization method of shallow tunnel blasting cut-out dosage considering cavity effect |
| CN113218746A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for estimating on-site K, a value by using blasting model test |
| CN113607017B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-11-29 | 核工业南京建设集团有限公司 | Method for predicting underwater blasting explosive loading based on test blasting data |
| CN115046447A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-13 | 河南省公路工程局集团有限公司 | Multi-row differential roadbed deep hole blasting construction method |
| CN116307045B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-10-17 | 青岛理工大学 | Method, system, equipment and medium for calculating vibration speed of building under tunnel blasting |
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