CN107365574B - Viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for common heavy oil reservoir and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for common heavy oil reservoir and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-tension viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent which is used for a common heavy oil reservoir, has good viscosity-reducing effect and good compatibility with formation water and can form ultralow interfacial tension with crude oil, and the low-tension viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 15-25% of nonionic surfactant, 15-25% of anionic surfactant, 2-5% of organic solvent, 0.1-3% of sodium chloride and 5-25% of water. When the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is used, a compound oil displacement system is formed by the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent and the polyacrylamide polymer. On one hand, the polyacrylamide polymer is used for increasing the viscosity of a water phase, reducing the water-oil fluidity ratio, and expanding sweep and profile control. On the other hand, the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent disclosed by the invention is used for reducing the tension of an oil-water interface, improving the oil displacement efficiency, reducing the viscosity of crude oil and further improving the water-oil fluidity ratio. The two have synergistic effect to greatly improve the recovery ratio of the common heavy oil reservoir.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-tension viscosity-reduction oil displacement agent which is suitable for a common heavy oil reservoir and can improve the recovery ratio of the common heavy oil reservoir and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of oil recovery.
Background
With the increasing oil consumption, the quantity of conventional oil resources available for exploitation is less and less, and the development of the heavy oil reservoir has great significance for solving the contradiction of oil resource shortage. According to the classification standard of thick oil in China, common thick oil refers to crude oil with the crude oil viscosity of 50-1000 mPa & s under the oil layer condition, wherein the crude oil viscosity of sub-1 type common thick oil is 50-100 mPa & s, and the crude oil viscosity of sub-2 type common thick oil is 100-1000 mPa & s. Because the viscosity of common heavy oil is large, the water-oil flow rate ratio is high, and the water flooding sweep efficiency is low, the recovery ratio of common heavy oil reservoirs developed by conventional water flooding is low.
Polymer flooding is a commonly used technical means for increasing the oil recovery ratio, and the basic principle is to increase the viscosity of a water phase through a polymer, thereby reducing the water-oil fluidity ratio and increasing the sweep coefficient. Although the polymer flooding has obvious effects of lowering water and increasing oil for conventional crude oil reservoirs, the polymer flooding has poor oil displacement effect for common heavy oil reservoirs with higher viscosity, which has two main reasons: firstly, the viscosity of the polymer required for developing a common heavy oil reservoir is higher, but under the condition of a high-temperature high-salt reservoir, the conventional polyacrylamide polymer is degraded at high temperature and high-salt, the viscosity of the polymer solution is greatly reduced, and the tackifying effect of the polymer on a water phase is limited. Secondly, for thick oil with strong viscous force, the polymer is difficult to drive out the residual oil in the rock pores. The single use of the polymer flooding is difficult to meet the requirement of high-temperature and high-salinity common heavy oil reservoir high-efficiency development of oil fields such as victory and Henan in China.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a viscosity-reducing agent for common heavy oil reservoirs, which has good viscosity-reducing effect and good compatibility with formation water and can form ultralow interfacial tension (less than 1 multiplied by 10) with crude oil-2mN/m) and a preparation method thereof. The compound oil displacement system formed by the oil displacement agent and the polyacrylamide polymer can expand the swept range, improve the oil displacement efficiency and effectively improve the recovery ratio of a common heavy oil reservoir.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for the common heavy oil reservoir comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 15-25% of nonionic surfactant, 15-25% of anionic surfactant, 2-5% of organic solvent, 0.1-3% of sodium chloride and 5-25% of water;
the nonionic surfactant is selected from one or the combination of more than two of sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and sorbitan fatty acid ester;
the anionic surfactant is selected from one or the combination of more than two of sodium hexadecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium stearate;
the organic solvent is selected from one or the combination of any two of ethanol, glycol and isopropanol.
The preparation method of the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for the common heavy oil reservoir comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a nonionic surfactant, an organic solvent and water accounting for 45-55% of the total water amount into a reaction kettle at normal temperature and normal pressure, and stirring for 1-3 hours;
(2) adding an anionic surfactant into a reaction kettle, stirring for 0.5-2 hours, then adding the rest water and sodium chloride, and stirring uniformly;
(3) and adding the alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate into the reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing to obtain the finished oil displacement agent.
When the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is used, a compound oil displacement system is formed by the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent and the polyacrylamide polymer. On one hand, the polyacrylamide polymer is used for increasing the viscosity of a water phase, reducing the water-oil fluidity ratio, and expanding sweep and profile control. On the other hand, the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent disclosed by the invention is used for reducing the tension of an oil-water interface, improving the oil displacement efficiency, reducing the viscosity of crude oil and further improving the water-oil fluidity ratio. The two have synergistic effect to greatly improve the recovery ratio of the common heavy oil reservoir.
The viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent disclosed by the invention takes alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate as a main surfactant, and takes a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, an organic solvent and sodium chloride as auxiliaries. The viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent can form an oil-in-water type emulsion with thick oil, so that the viscosity of the thick oil is effectively reduced, and the viscous force of the oil phase in rock pores is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent can reduce the oil-water interfacial tension, increase the number of capillary tubes, make crude oil easier to flow and further improve the oil displacement efficiency.
The viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is suitable for common heavy oil reservoirs with the reservoir temperature not higher than 85 ℃, the formation water mineralization degree lower than 50000mg/L, the calcium and magnesium ion concentration lower than 2000mg/L and the underground crude oil viscosity of 150-1000 mPa & s.
Compared with the prior art, the viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent has the following advantages:
(1) the composite oil displacement system formed by the low-tension viscosity-reduction oil displacement agent and the polymer has better capabilities of reducing the viscosity of crude oil and improving the recovery ratio when being applied to a common heavy oil reservoir.
(2) The low-tension viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent can effectively reduce the tension of an oil-water interface, and has good compatibility with highly mineralized water with the total mineralization of 50000mg/L, wherein the concentration of calcium ions and magnesium ions is as high as 2000mg/L, and the capability of reducing the tension of the interface is not influenced by the mineralization.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The instruments, reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are conventional instruments, reagents, materials and the like in the prior art and are commercially available in a normal manner unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods, detection methods, and the like described in the following examples are conventional experimental methods, detection methods, and the like in the prior art.
The raw materials used in the following examples were all technical grade raw materials.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent
The components are as follows: 50kg of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 5kg of sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 7kg of sodium hexadecyl sulfate, 8kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3kg of isopropanol, 1kg of sodium chloride and 16kg of water.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitan fatty acid ester, isopropanol and 8kg (50 percent of the total water) of water into a reaction kettle at normal temperature and normal pressure, and fully stirring for 2 hours;
(2) adding sodium hexadecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into the reaction kettle, stirring for 1 hour, adding the rest 8kg of water, uniformly adding sodium chloride powder, and stirring uniformly to form an auxiliary agent;
(3) and adding the alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate into the reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing the alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate with the auxiliary agent to obtain the finished oil displacement agent.
Example 2 preparation of viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent
The components are as follows: 40kg of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 25kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of sodium hexadecyl sulfate, 5kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 2kg of ethylene glycol, 1kg of sodium chloride and 17kg of water.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3 preparation of viscosity-reducing oil displacing agent
The components are as follows: 45kg of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10kg of sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, 10kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5kg of sodium hexadecyl sulfate, 5kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5kg of sodium stearate, 3kg of ethylene glycol, 2kg of sodium chloride and 10kg of water.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 4 preparation of viscosity-reducing oil displacing agent
The components are as follows: 40kg of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 15kg of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 5kg of sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, 7kg of sodium hexadecylsulfate, 10kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 8kg of sodium stearate, 2kg of ethanol, 1kg of sodium chloride and 12kg of water.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 5 preparation of viscosity-reducing oil displacing agent
The components are as follows: 40kg of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 10kg of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 10kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 7kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 8kg of sodium stearate, 4kg of isopropanol, 1kg of sodium chloride and 20kg of water.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Experimental example 1 ability of low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent to reduce oil-water interfacial tension
Using the Dongxing Yongyi sewage (total salinity of 28623mg/L, calcium and magnesium ion content of 1407mg/L) to prepare 0.1% (weight percentage, the same below), 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% of low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent solution (the low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent is prepared in example 3), measuring the interfacial tension by using a TX500C type interfacial tensiometer, measuring the temperature of 75 ℃, and obtaining the test results of Yong8P 3 well thick oil as shown in Table 1. The oil-water interfacial tension can be made ultralow by the low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent within the concentration range of 0.1-0.5%.
TABLE 1
Experimental example 2 viscosity reduction capability of Low tension viscosity reduction oil displacement agent
0.1 percent, 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent of low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent solution (the low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent is prepared in example 3) is prepared by using the Dongxing Yongyi sewage, and the viscosity of the oil-water mixture is measured by a high-temperature high-pressure rheometer under the conditions of the oil-water volume ratio of 50:50, 30:70 and 70:30, so that the viscosity-reducing performance is represented by the viscosity-reducing rate. The test temperature was 75 ℃, permanent 8P3 well thick oil (crude viscosity of 2170mPa · s at 50 ℃ and 465mPa · s at 75 ℃) and the test results are shown in table 2. The viscosity reduction rate of the thick oil can reach more than 90% within the concentration range of 0.3% -0.5% by the low-tension viscosity reduction oil displacement agent.
TABLE 2
Experimental example 3 compatibility of Low tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent with Polymer
0.5 percent of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide polymer mother liquor (the molecular weight of the polymer is about 2000 ten thousand) for oil displacement is prepared by yellow river water, and after standing for 12 hours at room temperature, the mother liquor is diluted into 0.2 percent of polymer solution by using the east Xin Yongyi sewage. 0.1 percent, 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent of low-tension viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent (the low-tension viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent is prepared in example 3) is added into the polymer solution, and after the polymer solution is completely dissolved, the shear rate is 7.34s at 75 DEG C-1The apparent viscosity of the low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent and the polymer compound solution is measured by a high-temperature high-pressure rheometer under the conditions (1), and the test results are shown in table 3. The low-tension viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent has a tackifying effect on the polymer.
TABLE 3
Experimental example 4 oil displacement test of composite oil displacement system
Preparing simulated water for one-time injection, and preparing a 0.3% low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent by using the simulated water (the low-tension viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent is prepared in example 3) + 0.2% polymer compound oil-displacing system. In the oil displacement test, a quartz sand filled double-pipe model is adopted to simulate the heterogeneous oil reservoir conditions, and the model permeability is 800: 2500X 10-3μm2Yong8P 3 crude oil was saturated at 75 ℃. And (3) driving the saturated model water to 94% of water content, transferring to a slug of a compound oil displacement system of 0.3PV, and driving the model water to more than 98% of continuous water content to stop the test. The experimental result shows that the ultimate recovery rate is 59.4 percent, the water drive recovery rate is 30.5 percent, and the injection mode improves the recovery rate by 28.9 percent compared with the water drive.
Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the examples, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive effort by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The viscosity-reducing oil displacement agent for the common heavy oil reservoir is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
(1) adding 10kg of sorbitol polyoxyethylene ether, 10kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 3kg of glycol and 5kg of water into a reaction kettle at normal temperature and normal pressure, and fully stirring for 2 hours;
(2) adding 5kg of sodium hexadecylsulfate, 5kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 5kg of sodium stearate into the reaction kettle, stirring for 1 hour, adding the rest 5kg of water, uniformly adding 2kg of sodium chloride powder, and stirring uniformly to form an auxiliary agent;
(3) adding 45kg of alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate into a reaction kettle, and uniformly mixing with the auxiliary agent to obtain a finished product of the oil displacement agent.
2. The application of the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent for common heavy oil reservoirs in improving the recovery ratio of common heavy oil reservoirs in claim 1, wherein in the specific application, the viscosity-reducing oil-displacing agent for common heavy oil reservoirs and polyacrylamide polymer form a compound oil-displacing system and are injected into the stratum.
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