CN107358859B - Comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 345
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 87
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 47
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种过程单元设备综合实验装置，包括气体压缩设备实验模块、液体输送设备实验模块、混合反应及分离设备实验模块、精馏设备实验模块、吸收设备实验模块、传热设备实验模块、阀门性能实验模块、管路特性与流型观测实验模块、公用工程系统、供配电系统和集中控制系统。不同实验模块在集中控制系统的调控下，可以相对独立运行，完成不同类型过程单元设备的实验项目，也可以多模块联动运行，实现低浓度乙醇溶液配制、预热、精馏浓缩和尾气吸收大型综合实验。既可以满足过程装备与控制工程、能源与动力工程、环境工程、油气储运工程等专业的过程单元设备类实验教学及科学研究需求，又能满足化学工程、化工工艺等专业的一些实验教学要求。
The invention discloses a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment, which comprises a gas compression equipment experimental module, a liquid conveying equipment experimental module, a mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, a distillation equipment experimental module, an absorption equipment experimental module, and a heat transfer equipment experimental module , valve performance experiment module, pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module, public engineering system, power supply and distribution system and centralized control system. Under the control of the centralized control system, different experimental modules can operate relatively independently to complete the experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and can also operate in multi-module linkage to realize the preparation of low-concentration ethanol solution, preheating, rectification concentration and tail gas absorption. Large-scale Comprehensive Experiment. It can not only meet the experimental teaching and scientific research needs of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil and gas storage and transportation engineering, etc., but also meet some experimental teaching requirements of chemical engineering, chemical technology, etc. .
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种动力工程及工程热物理领域的教学与科研用综合实验装置，尤其涉及一种过程单元设备综合实验装置。The invention relates to a comprehensive experimental device for teaching and scientific research in the fields of power engineering and engineering thermophysics, in particular to a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment.
背景技术Background technique
石油化工、生物化工、制药、农药、化肥、染料、食品、炼油、轻工、热电、核工业、公用工程、湿法冶金、环境保护等生产过程，大都借助反应器、塔、热交换器、压力容器、储罐、泵、压缩机、离心机、干燥机等过程单元设备，对气体、液体、粉体等流程性物料进行加工处理，通过改变流程性物料的状态、结构和性质，得到满足应用要求的产品。过程单元设备的结构和性能的先进性对具体生产装置的产能、效能、安全性和稳定性都有直接影响。对过程单元设备的结构和性能进行实验研究，探索相关的基本科学规律，是过程装备与控制工程、能源与动力工程、环境工程、油气储运工程等多个工科专业教学及科研工作中的重要内容。目前，国内各高校相关专业，比如过程装备与控制工程专业，在实验教学过程中，面临一些共性问题，其中最突出的是实验教学内容更新慢，综合性实验平台开发滞后，开设的综合性、创新性实验非常少；所采用的实验设备是一系列功能相对单一、集成度相对较低、独立性相对较强的实验设备，比如离心泵性能测试实验台、液体流动流型观测实验台、换热器综合传热系数测定实验台、搅拌器性能测试实验台等等。利用这些单独的实验设备虽然可以实现相应过程单元设备的基本性能实验，但存在以下弊端：第一、完成一系列过程单元设备相关实验所需要的设备台套数较多，总占地面积较大；第二、无法再现上述不同生产过程中经常出现的成套过程装备的情景，对培养学生的工程意识和系统思维能力不利；第三、难以开设出设计性、综合性、创新性实验，不利于学生独立思考和创新能力的培养。北京化工大学、大连理工大学、郑州大学、西安石油大学、长春理工大学、武汉理工大学等高校都开发有适合过程装备与控制工程专业用的综合性实验平台，这些综合性实验平台均能开出3种以上实验，但总体来讲，这些综合实验平台只是功能有所拓展的单一类型过程单元设备实验模块，难以实现两种以上单元操作的联合实验。Petrochemical, biochemical, pharmaceutical, pesticide, fertilizer, dyestuff, food, oil refining, light industry, thermal power, nuclear industry, public engineering, hydrometallurgy, environmental protection and other production processes, mostly rely on reactors, towers, heat exchangers, Process unit equipment such as pressure vessels, storage tanks, pumps, compressors, centrifuges, dryers, etc. process process materials such as gases, liquids, and powders. By changing the state, structure and properties of process materials, the requirements are met. products required by the application. The advancement of the structure and performance of process unit equipment has a direct impact on the capacity, efficiency, safety and stability of specific production devices. Conducting experimental research on the structure and performance of process unit equipment and exploring related basic scientific laws is an important part of the teaching and scientific research work of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil and gas storage and transportation engineering, etc. content. At present, relevant majors in domestic colleges and universities, such as process equipment and control engineering, face some common problems in the experimental teaching process, the most prominent of which are the slow update of experimental teaching content, the lag in the development of comprehensive experimental platforms, and the establishment of comprehensive, There are very few innovative experiments; the experimental equipment used is a series of experimental equipment with relatively single functions, relatively low integration, and relatively strong independence, such as centrifugal pump performance test benches, liquid flow pattern observation benches, Heater comprehensive heat transfer coefficient test bench, agitator performance test bench, etc. Although the basic performance experiments of the corresponding process unit equipment can be realized by using these separate experimental equipment, there are the following disadvantages: First, the number of equipment sets required to complete a series of process unit related experiments is large, and the total floor area is relatively large; Second, it is impossible to reproduce the complete set of process equipment that often occurs in the above-mentioned different production processes, which is not conducive to the cultivation of students' engineering awareness and system thinking ability; third, it is difficult to set up design, comprehensive and innovative experiments, which is not conducive to students Cultivation of independent thinking and innovative ability. Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Zhengzhou University, Xi'an Petroleum University, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology and other universities have developed comprehensive experimental platforms suitable for process equipment and control engineering, and these comprehensive experimental platforms can be issued There are more than 3 types of experiments, but generally speaking, these comprehensive experimental platforms are only a single type of process unit equipment experiment module with expanded functions, and it is difficult to realize joint experiments of more than two unit operations.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种过程单元设备综合实验装置，目的在于克服现有单独实验设备在相关专业教学科研工作中的弊端和不足之处。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment, which aims to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the existing individual experimental equipment in the teaching and scientific research work of related majors.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
本发明的过程单元设备综合实验装置，其特征在于，包括气体压缩设备实验模块、液体输送设备实验模块、混合反应及分离设备实验模块、精馏设备实验模块、吸收设备实验模块、传热设备实验模块、阀门性能实验模块、管路特性与流型观测实验模块、公用工程系统、供配电系统和集中控制系统；The comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment of the present invention is characterized in that it includes an experimental module for gas compression equipment, an experimental module for liquid delivery equipment, an experimental module for mixed reaction and separation equipment, an experimental module for rectifying equipment, an experimental module for absorption equipment, and an experimental module for heat transfer equipment. module, valve performance experiment module, pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module, public engineering system, power supply and distribution system and centralized control system;
所述管路特性与流型观测实验模块、液体输送设备实验模块、混合反应及分离设备实验模块、精馏设备实验模块、吸收设备实验模块、传热设备实验模块和阀门性能实验模块依次通过管路系统相连，形成一个集成系统；The pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module, the liquid conveying equipment experiment module, the mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module, the rectification equipment experiment module, the absorption equipment experiment module, the heat transfer equipment experiment module and the valve performance experiment module pass through the pipeline successively. The road system is connected to form an integrated system;
所述气体压缩设备实验模块相对独立布置；The experimental modules of the gas compression equipment are arranged relatively independently;
所述公用工程系统通过以下至少一种管路与所述气体压缩设备实验模块、液体输送设备实验模块、混合反应及分离设备实验模块、精馏设备实验模块、吸收设备实验模块、传热设备实验模块、阀门性能实验模块、管路特性与流型观测实验模块分别连接：The utility system communicates with the gas compression equipment experiment module, the liquid delivery equipment experiment module, the mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module, the rectification equipment experiment module, the absorption equipment experiment module, and the heat transfer equipment experiment module through at least one of the following pipelines Module, valve performance experiment module, pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module are respectively connected:
软化水实验介质管路、软化水循环冷却介质管路、蒸汽加热介质管路；Softened water experimental medium pipeline, softened water circulating cooling medium pipeline, steam heating medium pipeline;
所述供配电系统相对独立布置，并通过供电线路与上述各个实验模块和公用工程系统、集中控制系统相连；The power supply and distribution system is arranged relatively independently, and is connected to each of the above-mentioned experimental modules, the utility system, and the centralized control system through power supply lines;
所述集中控制系统相对独立布置，并通过通讯线路与上述各个实验模块和公用工程系统、供配电系统相连。The centralized control system is arranged relatively independently, and is connected with each of the above-mentioned experimental modules, public engineering system, and power supply and distribution system through communication lines.
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供的过程单元设备综合实验装置，主要用于动力工程及工程热物理领域的教学与科研工作。该综合实验装置中的不同实验模块，在集中控制系统的调控下，可以相对独立运行，完成不同类型过程单元设备的实验项目，也可以多模块联动运行，实现低浓度乙醇溶液配制、预热、精馏浓缩和尾气吸收大型综合实验，能够实现验证性、设计性、综合性、创新性实验项目不少于35种；既能用于本科和研究生阶段的实验教学，又能用于教师的科研工作；具有集成度高、功能丰富、布局合理、结构紧凑、安全可靠、适用面广的优点。该综合实验装置既可以满足过程装备与控制工程、能源与动力工程、环境工程、油气储运工程等专业的过程单元设备类实验教学及科学研究需求，又能满足化学工程、化工工艺等专业的一些实验教学要求。It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical solutions provided by the present invention that the comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention is mainly used for teaching and scientific research in the fields of power engineering and engineering thermophysics. The different experimental modules in the comprehensive experimental device can operate relatively independently under the control of the centralized control system to complete the experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and can also operate in multi-module linkage to realize the preparation of low-concentration ethanol solutions, preheating, The large-scale comprehensive experiment of rectification concentration and tail gas absorption can realize no less than 35 kinds of experimental projects of verification, design, comprehensiveness and innovation; it can be used not only for the experimental teaching of undergraduate and graduate students, but also for the scientific research of teachers It has the advantages of high integration, rich functions, reasonable layout, compact structure, safety and reliability, and wide application. The comprehensive experimental device can not only meet the experimental teaching and scientific research needs of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil and gas storage and transportation engineering, etc. Some experimental teaching requirements.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例提供的过程单元设备综合实验装置的模块构成示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the module composition of the process unit equipment comprehensive experiment device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明提供的过程单元设备综合实验装置的工艺流程简图(不含气体压缩设备实验模块)；Fig. 2 is the technological process schematic diagram (excluding the gas compression equipment experimental module) of the process unit equipment comprehensive experimental device provided by the present invention;
图3是本发明提供的过程单元设备综合实验装置的气体压缩设备实验模块的工艺流程简图。Fig. 3 is a simplified process flow diagram of the gas compression equipment experiment module of the process unit equipment comprehensive experiment device provided by the present invention.
图中：In the picture:
公用工程系统1，精馏设备实验模块2，吸收设备实验模块3，混合反应及分离设备实验模块4，液体输送设备实验模块5，管路特性与流型观测实验模块6，传热设备实验模块7，阀门性能实验模块8，气体压缩设备实验模块9，集中控制系统10，供配电系统11；Public engineering system 1, distillation equipment experiment module 2, absorption equipment experiment module 3, mixed reaction and separation equipment experiment module 4, liquid conveying equipment experiment module 5, pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module 6, heat transfer equipment experiment module 7. Valve performance experiment module 8, gas compression equipment experiment module 9, centralized control system 10, power supply and distribution system 11;
蒸汽发生器1.1，凉水塔1.2，水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5；Steam generator 1.1, cooling tower 1.2, water softening equipment 1.3, softening water tank 1.4, centrifugal water pump 1.5;
板式塔2.1，板式塔塔底再沸器2.2，板式塔塔顶冷凝器2.3，板式塔塔顶冷凝液储罐2.4，板式塔塔釜出料离心泵2.5，板式塔塔顶凝液输送离心泵2.6；填料塔2.7，填料塔塔底再沸器2.8，填料塔塔釜出料冷却器2.9，填料塔塔顶冷凝器2.10，填料塔塔顶冷凝液储罐2.11，填料塔塔釜出料离心泵2.12，填料塔塔顶凝液输送离心泵2.13，管壳式进料预热器2.14，残液罐2.15；Plate tower 2.1, plate tower bottom reboiler 2.2, plate tower top condenser 2.3, plate tower top condensate storage tank 2.4, plate tower kettle discharge centrifugal pump 2.5, plate tower top condensate delivery centrifugal pump 2.6; packed tower 2.7, packed tower bottom reboiler 2.8, packed tower kettle outlet cooler 2.9, packed tower top condenser 2.10, packed tower top condensate storage tank 2.11, packed tower kettle outlet centrifuge Pump 2.12, centrifugal pump 2.13 for transporting condensate at the top of the packed tower, shell-and-tube feed preheater 2.14, raffinate tank 2.15;
视窗可视化板式塔3.1，视窗可视化填料塔3.2，罗茨风机3.3，空气储罐3.4，二氧化碳气瓶3.5，吸收塔底残液泵3.6；Window visualization plate tower 3.1, window visualization packed tower 3.2, Roots blower 3.3, air storage tank 3.4, carbon dioxide cylinder 3.5, absorption tower bottom raffinate pump 3.6;
立式带夹套搅拌反应釜4.1，静态混合器4.2，离心乙醇泵4.3，混合液输送泵4.4，高浓度乙醇储罐4.5，混合液储罐4.6，闪蒸罐4.7，闪蒸气体冷凝器4.8，一号原料罐4.9和二号原料罐4.10；Vertical jacketed stirring reactor 4.1, static mixer 4.2, centrifugal ethanol pump 4.3, mixed liquid delivery pump 4.4, high concentration ethanol storage tank 4.5, mixed liquid storage tank 4.6, flash tank 4.7, flash gas condenser 4.8 , No. 1 raw material tank 4.9 and No. 2 raw material tank 4.10;
一号离心泵5.1，二号离心泵5.2，三号离心泵5.3，软化水储槽5.4，螺杆泵5.5；No. 1 centrifugal pump 5.1, No. 2 centrifugal pump 5.2, No. 3 centrifugal pump 5.3, softened water storage tank 5.4, screw pump 5.5;
光滑管6.1，粗糙管6.2，局部阻力管6.3，文丘里管6.4，计量槽6.5，液体流量调节系统6.6，气体流量调节系统6.7，压差测量系统6.8；Smooth tube 6.1, rough tube 6.2, local resistance tube 6.3, Venturi tube 6.4, metering tank 6.5, liquid flow regulating system 6.6, gas flow regulating system 6.7, differential pressure measuring system 6.8;
列管式换热器7.1，板式换热器7.2，螺旋板式换热器7.3，套管式换热器7.4，并流与逆流换热切换阀组7.5；Tube and tube heat exchanger 7.1, plate heat exchanger 7.2, spiral plate heat exchanger 7.3, casing heat exchanger 7.4, co-current and counter-current heat exchange switching valve group 7.5;
等百分比型电动调节阀8.1，快开型电动调节阀8.2，直线型电动调节阀8.3，抛物线型电动调节阀8.4，自力式调节阀8.5，阀门切换阀组8.6；Equal percentage electric regulating valve 8.1, quick opening electric regulating valve 8.2, linear electric regulating valve 8.3, parabolic electric regulating valve 8.4, self-operated regulating valve 8.5, valve switching valve group 8.6;
活塞式空气压缩机9.1，空气储罐9.2，低压箱9.3，喷嘴9.4，孔板9.5。Piston air compressor 9.1, air storage tank 9.2, low pressure box 9.3, nozzle 9.4, orifice plate 9.5.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的过程单元设备综合实验装置，其较佳的具体实施方式是：Process unit equipment comprehensive experiment device of the present invention, its preferred embodiment is:
包括气体压缩设备实验模块、液体输送设备实验模块、混合反应及分离设备实验模块、精馏设备实验模块、吸收设备实验模块、传热设备实验模块、阀门性能实验模块、管路特性与流型观测实验模块、公用工程系统、供配电系统和集中控制系统；Including gas compression equipment experiment module, liquid delivery equipment experiment module, mixed reaction and separation equipment experiment module, rectification equipment experiment module, absorption equipment experiment module, heat transfer equipment experiment module, valve performance experiment module, pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation Experimental modules, public engineering systems, power supply and distribution systems, and centralized control systems;
所述管路特性与流型观测实验模块、液体输送设备实验模块、混合反应及分离设备实验模块、精馏设备实验模块、吸收设备实验模块、传热设备实验模块和阀门性能实验模块依次通过管路系统相连，形成一个集成系统；The pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module, the liquid conveying equipment experiment module, the mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module, the rectification equipment experiment module, the absorption equipment experiment module, the heat transfer equipment experiment module and the valve performance experiment module pass through the pipeline successively. The road system is connected to form an integrated system;
所述气体压缩设备实验模块相对独立布置；The experimental modules of the gas compression equipment are arranged relatively independently;
所述公用工程系统通过以下至少一种管路与所述气体压缩设备实验模块、液体输送设备实验模块、混合反应及分离设备实验模块、精馏设备实验模块、吸收设备实验模块、传热设备实验模块、阀门性能实验模块、管路特性与流型观测实验模块分别连接：The utility system communicates with the gas compression equipment experiment module, the liquid delivery equipment experiment module, the mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module, the rectification equipment experiment module, the absorption equipment experiment module, and the heat transfer equipment experiment module through at least one of the following pipelines Module, valve performance experiment module, pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module are respectively connected:
软化水实验介质管路、软化水循环冷却介质管路、蒸汽加热介质管路；Softened water experimental medium pipeline, softened water circulating cooling medium pipeline, steam heating medium pipeline;
所述供配电系统相对独立布置，并通过供电线路与上述各个实验模块和公用工程系统、集中控制系统相连；The power supply and distribution system is arranged relatively independently, and is connected to each of the above-mentioned experimental modules, the utility system, and the centralized control system through power supply lines;
所述集中控制系统相对独立布置，并通过通讯线路与上述各个实验模块和公用工程系统、供配电系统相连。The centralized control system is arranged relatively independently, and is connected with each of the above-mentioned experimental modules, public engineering system, and power supply and distribution system through communication lines.
所述公用工程系统包括一台蒸汽发生器、一台凉水塔、一套水软化设备、一个软化水箱和一台离心水泵；The utility system includes a steam generator, a cooling tower, a set of water softening equipment, a softening water tank and a centrifugal water pump;
所述精馏设备实验模块包含一套板式塔精馏系统和一套填料塔精馏系统，所述板式塔精馏系统包括一台板式塔、一台板式塔塔底再沸器、一台列管式换热器、一台板式塔塔顶冷凝器、一台板式塔塔顶冷凝液储罐、一台板式塔塔釜出料离心泵、一台板式塔塔顶凝液输送离心泵，所述填料塔精馏系统包括一台填料塔、一台填料塔塔底再沸器、一台填料塔塔釜出料冷却器、一台填料塔塔顶冷凝器、一台填料塔塔顶冷凝液储罐、一台填料塔塔釜出料离心泵、一台填料塔塔顶凝液输送离心泵；The experimental module of the rectification equipment includes a set of plate column rectification system and a set of packed column rectification system, and the plate column rectification system includes a plate column, a plate column bottom reboiler, a column Tubular heat exchanger, a plate tower top condenser, a plate tower top condensate storage tank, a plate tower kettle discharge centrifugal pump, a plate tower top condensate delivery centrifugal pump, all The packed tower rectification system includes a packed tower, a packed tower bottom reboiler, a packed tower kettle discharge cooler, a packed tower top condenser, and a packed tower top condensate Storage tank, a packing tower kettle discharge centrifugal pump, and a packed tower overhead condensate conveying centrifugal pump;
所述吸收设备实验模块包含一套板式塔吸收系统和一套填料塔吸收系统，所述板式塔吸收系统包括一台视窗可视化板式塔、一套进气管路系统和一套进液管路系统，所述填料塔吸收系统包括一台视窗可视化填料塔、一套进气管路系统和一套进液管路系统，所述板式塔吸收系统和填料塔吸收系统共用一套二氧化碳混合气供应系统，该二氧化碳混合气供应系统包括一台罗茨风机、一台空气储罐、一个二氧化碳气瓶、一套混合气配置和计量系统；The absorption equipment experiment module includes a set of plate tower absorption system and a set of packed tower absorption system, and the plate tower absorption system includes a visual window plate tower, a set of inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system, The packed tower absorption system includes a window-visible packed tower, a set of inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system, and the plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system share a set of carbon dioxide gas mixture supply system, the The carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system includes a Roots blower, an air storage tank, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder, a mixed gas configuration and metering system;
所述混合反应及分离设备实验模块包括一台立式带夹套搅拌反应釜、一根静态混合器、一个软化水储槽、一台离心水泵、一台离心乙醇泵、一台混合液输送泵、一台高浓度乙醇储罐、一台混合液储罐、一台闪蒸罐、一台闪蒸气体冷凝器、一号原料罐和二号原料罐；The mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module includes a vertical jacketed stirring reactor, a static mixer, a softened water storage tank, a centrifugal water pump, a centrifugal ethanol pump, and a mixed liquid delivery pump , a high-concentration ethanol storage tank, a mixed liquid storage tank, a flash tank, a flash gas condenser, No. 1 raw material tank and No. 2 raw material tank;
所述液体输送设备实验模块包括一号离心泵、二号离心泵、三号离心泵、一个软化水储槽、一台螺杆泵、两个电动调节阀、两个涡轮流量计和一套包含多个流量调节阀门、压力和真空度测量仪表的管路系统；The experimental module of the liquid conveying equipment includes No. 1 centrifugal pump, No. 2 centrifugal pump, No. 3 centrifugal pump, a softened water storage tank, a screw pump, two electric regulating valves, two turbine flowmeters and a set containing multiple A pipeline system of flow regulating valves, pressure and vacuum degree measuring instruments;
所述管路特性与流型观测实验模块包括一根光滑管、一根粗糙管、一根局部阻力管、一根文丘里管、一个计量槽、一套液体流量调节系统、一套气体流量调节系统，一套压差测量系统和一套包含多个阀门、流量计量仪器、压力和真空度测量仪表的管路系统；The pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module includes a smooth tube, a rough tube, a local resistance tube, a Venturi tube, a metering tank, a set of liquid flow adjustment system, a set of gas flow adjustment system, a differential pressure measurement system and a piping system including multiple valves, flow measuring instruments, pressure and vacuum measuring instruments;
所述传热设备实验模块包括一台列管式换热器、一台板式换热器、一台螺旋板式换热器、一台套管式换热器和实现并流与逆流换热切换的阀组；The experimental module of the heat transfer equipment includes a tube-and-tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a sleeve-tube heat exchanger, and a device for switching between co-current and counter-current heat exchange. valve group;
所述阀门性能实验模块包括一个等百分比型电动调节阀、一个快开型电动调节阀、一个直线型电动调节阀、一个抛物线型电动调节阀、一个自力式调节阀和实现阀门切换的阀组；The valve performance experiment module includes an equal percentage electric regulating valve, a quick opening electric regulating valve, a linear electric regulating valve, a parabolic electric regulating valve, a self-operated regulating valve and a valve group for realizing valve switching;
所述气体压缩设备实验模块包括一台活塞式空气压缩机、一台空气储罐、一个低压箱、一个喷嘴和一套孔板；The gas compression equipment experiment module includes a piston air compressor, an air storage tank, a low pressure tank, a nozzle and a set of orifice plates;
所述集中控制系统包括PC机和若干数据通讯线路；The centralized control system includes a PC and some data communication lines;
所述供配电系统包括强电柜、弱电柜和PLC硬件模块。The power supply and distribution system includes a strong current cabinet, a weak current cabinet and a PLC hardware module.
所述液体输送设备实验模块能够至少完成如下实验：单台离心泵性能曲线测定实验、离心泵汽蚀性能测定实验、离心泵恒压力控制实验、离心泵恒流量控制实验、水箱液位控制实验、水箱液位和流量串级控制实验、流量计校正实验、两台离心泵的串联性能实验、两台离心泵的并联性能实验、相同流量下离心泵与螺杆泵的功率和效率特性对比实验；The liquid conveying equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: single centrifugal pump performance curve measurement experiment, centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, centrifugal pump constant pressure control experiment, centrifugal pump constant flow control experiment, water tank liquid level control experiment, Water tank liquid level and flow cascade control experiment, flowmeter calibration experiment, series performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, parallel performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, comparison experiment of power and efficiency characteristics of centrifugal pump and screw pump under the same flow rate;
所述混合反应及分离设备实验模块能够至少完成如下实验：二元物系混合实验，二元物系闪蒸分离实验，搅拌设备与静态混合器的混合效果对比实验，并能设计开发出2～4组分的化学反应实验，搅拌设备与静态混合器的2～4组分化学反应效果对比实验。具体包括：搅拌设备混合性能实验、搅拌反应过程实验、静态混合设备混合性能实验、静态混合设备反应过程实验、搅拌设备与静态混合设备混合特性对比实验、搅拌设备与静态混合设备反应特性对比实验、闪蒸分离实验；The mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: binary system mixing experiment, binary system flash separation experiment, mixing effect comparison experiment between stirring equipment and static mixer, and can design and develop 2~ 4-component chemical reaction experiment, comparison experiment of 2-4 component chemical reaction effects between stirring equipment and static mixer. Specifically include: mixing performance experiment of mixing equipment, mixing reaction process experiment, mixing performance experiment of static mixing equipment, reaction process experiment of static mixing equipment, comparison experiment of mixing characteristics of mixing equipment and static mixing equipment, comparison experiment of reaction characteristics of mixing equipment and static mixing equipment, Flash separation experiment;
所述精馏设备实验模块能够至少完成如下实验：板式塔全回流和部分回流精馏实验、填料塔全回流和部分回流精馏实验、板式塔与填料塔并联操作精馏实验、板式塔与填料塔串联操作精馏实验；The experimental module of the rectification equipment can at least complete the following experiments: plate column total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, packed column full reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, plate column and packed column parallel operation rectification experiment, plate column and packing Column series operation distillation experiment;
所述吸收设备实验模块能够至少完成如下实验：含低浓度乙醇蒸汽的精馏操作尾气的吸收实验和二氧化碳气体吸收实验，并能够完成板式塔传质效率测定实验、板式塔水力学性能测定实验、填料塔传质效率测定实验和填料塔水力学性能测定实验。其中含低浓度乙醇蒸汽的精馏操作尾气的吸收实验和二氧化碳气体吸收实验，包括板式塔吸收实验、填料塔吸收实验、板式塔与填料塔并联操作吸收实验、板式塔与填料塔串联操作吸收实验；The absorption equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: the absorption experiment of the rectification operation tail gas containing low-concentration ethanol vapor and the carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment, and can complete the plate tower mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment, the plate tower hydraulic performance measurement experiment, Packed tower mass transfer efficiency test and packed tower hydraulic performance test. Among them, the absorption experiment of rectification operation tail gas containing low concentration ethanol vapor and carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment, including plate tower absorption experiment, packed tower absorption experiment, plate tower and packed tower parallel operation absorption experiment, plate tower and packed tower series operation absorption experiment ;
所述传热设备实验模块能够至少完成如下实验：不同换热器综合传热系数测定实验，不同换热器出口温度控制实验，不同换热器管程/壳程压降测定实验，和套管式换热器流体传热膜系数测定实验。换热介质是55℃～95℃的热水和常温～35℃的凉水。换热器类型包括但不限于以下类型：列管式换热器、螺旋板式换热器、板式换热器、套管式换热器；The heat transfer equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: different heat exchanger comprehensive heat transfer coefficient measurement experiments, different heat exchanger outlet temperature control experiments, different heat exchanger tube side/shell side pressure drop measurement experiments, and casing Determination experiment of fluid heat transfer film coefficient of type heat exchanger. The heat exchange medium is hot water at 55°C to 95°C and cold water at normal temperature to 35°C. Heat exchanger types include but are not limited to the following types: shell and tube heat exchangers, spiral plate heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, casing heat exchangers;
所述阀门性能实验模块至少能够完成如下实验：等百分比型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、直线型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、快开型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、抛物线型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、恒压阀门流量特性实验、单回路压力控制实验、单回路流量控制实验；The valve performance experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) experiments of equal percentage valves, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of linear valves ) experiments, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of quick-opening valves (series and parallel pipelines) experiments, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of parabolic valves (series and parallel pipelines) experiments, constant pressure valve flow characteristics experiments , Single loop pressure control experiment, single loop flow control experiment;
所述管路特性与流型观测实验模块至少能够完成如下实验：单相流体流型观测实验、气液混输流型观测实验、光滑管管路特性曲线测定实验、粗糙管管路特性曲线测定实验、局部阻力管管路特性曲线测定实验，文丘里管管路特性曲线测定实验；The pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: single-phase fluid flow pattern observation experiment, gas-liquid mixed flow flow pattern observation experiment, smooth pipe pipeline characteristic curve measurement experiment, rough pipe pipeline characteristic curve measurement experiment Experiment, measurement experiment of characteristic curve of local resistance pipe, measurement experiment of characteristic curve of Venturi pipe;
所述气体压缩设备实验模块至少能够完成如下实验：活塞压缩机示功图测试实验、活塞压缩机排气量测定实验、孔板对活塞压缩机气流脉动影响实验。The gas compression equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: piston compressor dynamometer test experiment, piston compressor displacement measurement experiment, orifice plate impact on piston compressor airflow pulsation experiment.
本发明的过程单元设备综合实验装置，主要用于动力工程及工程热物理领域的教学与科研工作。该综合实验装置中的不同实验模块，在集中控制系统的调控下，可以相对独立运行，完成不同类型过程单元设备的实验项目，也可以多模块联动运行，实现低浓度乙醇溶液配制、预热、精馏浓缩和尾气吸收大型综合实验，能够实现验证性、设计性、综合性、创新性实验项目不少于35种；既能用于本科和研究生阶段的实验教学，又能用于教师的科研工作；具有集成度高、功能丰富、布局合理、结构紧凑、安全可靠、适用面广的优点。该综合实验装置既可以满足过程装备与控制工程、能源与动力工程、环境工程、油气储运工程等专业的过程单元设备类实验教学及科学研究需求，又能满足化学工程、化工工艺等专业的一些实验教学要求。The comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment of the present invention is mainly used for teaching and scientific research in the fields of power engineering and engineering thermophysics. The different experimental modules in the comprehensive experimental device can operate relatively independently under the control of the centralized control system to complete the experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and can also operate in multi-module linkage to realize the preparation of low-concentration ethanol solutions, preheating, The large-scale comprehensive experiment of rectification concentration and tail gas absorption can realize no less than 35 kinds of experimental projects of verification, design, comprehensiveness and innovation; it can be used not only for the experimental teaching of undergraduate and graduate students, but also for the scientific research of teachers It has the advantages of high integration, rich functions, reasonable layout, compact structure, safety and reliability, and wide application. The comprehensive experimental device can not only meet the experimental teaching and scientific research needs of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil and gas storage and transportation engineering, etc. Some experimental teaching requirements.
过程单元设备综合实验装置的主要使用步骤如下：The main steps of using the comprehensive experimental device of process unit equipment are as follows:
步骤1完成实验之前的准备工作，包括：检查公用工程系统，供配电系统和集中控制系统是否正常；根据具体的实验指导书检查相应实验模块的设备、管路、阀门等是否在要求的状态；准备足量的实验原料；打开集中控制系统，选择相应实验模块的控制界面；根据所选实验模块的具体情况，进行点动试运行或者5～30分钟的连续试运行。Step 1 Complete the preparatory work before the experiment, including: check whether the public engineering system, power supply and distribution system and centralized control system are normal; check whether the equipment, pipelines, valves, etc. of the corresponding experimental module are in the required state according to the specific experiment instruction ;Prepare a sufficient amount of experimental materials; open the centralized control system, select the control interface of the corresponding experimental module; according to the specific conditions of the selected experimental module, carry out jogging trial operation or continuous trial operation for 5 to 30 minutes.
步骤2参照实验指导书，指导学生进行实验。Step 2 Refer to the experiment instruction book to guide the students to carry out the experiment.
步骤3实验完毕，将所选择的实验模块、公用工程系统、供配电系统和集中控制系统恢复使用前的状态。Step 3 After the experiment is completed, restore the selected experimental modules, public engineering systems, power supply and distribution systems, and centralized control systems to the state before use.
本发明的过程单元设备综合实验装置，以气体压缩、液体输送、低粘度液体混合、化学反应、闪蒸分离、精馏、吸收、传热等单元过程为核心，构建功能相对集中的实验模块，同时充分考虑各实验模块中通用设备的利用率，增加集成度，提高整套实验装置的紧凑性。具体是以乙醇溶液精馏及尾气吸收工艺流程为主线，串起气体压缩设备、液体输送设备、混合设备、反应设备、分离设备、精馏设备、吸收设备、传热设备、阀门、管路特性与流型观测等实验模块。The comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment of the present invention takes unit processes such as gas compression, liquid transportation, low-viscosity liquid mixing, chemical reaction, flash separation, rectification, absorption, and heat transfer as the core to construct an experimental module with relatively concentrated functions. At the same time, fully consider the utilization rate of general equipment in each experimental module, increase the degree of integration, and improve the compactness of the entire experimental device. Specifically, the rectification of ethanol solution and tail gas absorption process are the main line, and gas compression equipment, liquid conveying equipment, mixing equipment, reaction equipment, separation equipment, rectification equipment, absorption equipment, heat transfer equipment, valves, and pipeline characteristics are connected in series Experimental modules such as flow pattern observation.
本发明的过程单元设备综合实验装置，包含八个实验模块，这些实验模块在集中控制系统的调控下可以相对独立运行，完成不同类型过程单元设备的实验项目，也可以多模块联动运行，实现低浓度乙醇溶液配制、预热、精馏浓缩和尾气吸收大型综合实验；能够实现验证性、设计性、综合性、创新性实验项目不少于35种；既能用于本科和研究生阶段的实验教学，又能用于教师的科研工作；具有集成度高、功能丰富、布局合理、结构紧凑、安全可靠、适用面广的优点；既可以满足过程装备与控制工程、能源与动力工程、环境工程、油气储运工程等专业的过程单元设备类实验教学及科学研究需求，又能满足化学工程、化工工艺等专业的一些实验教学要求。The comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment of the present invention includes eight experimental modules, and these experimental modules can operate relatively independently under the control of the centralized control system to complete the experimental items of different types of process unit equipment, and can also operate in multi-module linkage to achieve low cost. Concentrated ethanol solution preparation, preheating, rectification and concentration, and exhaust gas absorption large-scale comprehensive experiments; can realize no less than 35 kinds of verification, design, comprehensive, and innovative experimental projects; can be used for both undergraduate and postgraduate experimental teaching , and can be used for teachers' scientific research; it has the advantages of high integration, rich functions, reasonable layout, compact structure, safety and reliability, and wide application; it can meet the requirements of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, The experimental teaching and scientific research needs of process unit equipment for majors such as oil and gas storage and transportation engineering can also meet some experimental teaching requirements for majors such as chemical engineering and chemical technology.
具体实施例：Specific examples:
如图1、图2、图3所示，主要构成和功能如下：As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3, the main components and functions are as follows:
公用工程系统1，能够为整个实验系统以及其中的各个实验模块提供常温软化水和加热蒸汽。公用工程系统1由一台蒸汽发生器1.1，一台凉水塔1.2，一套水软化设备1.3，一个软化水箱1.4，一台离心水泵1.5和必要的管路、阀门、仪表及控制元器件组成。蒸汽发生器1.1能够为精馏设备实验模块2、混合反应及分离设备实验模块4和传热设备实验模块7提供热能。凉水塔1.2能够降低循环回水的温度，使其恢复到常温。水软化设备1.3能够将自来水软化，提高实验用循环水的水质。The utility system 1 can provide normal temperature demineralized water and heating steam for the whole experimental system and each experimental module therein. The utility system 1 consists of a steam generator 1.1, a cooling tower 1.2, a set of water softening equipment 1.3, a softening water tank 1.4, a centrifugal water pump 1.5 and necessary pipelines, valves, instruments and control components. The steam generator 1.1 can provide thermal energy for the experimental module 2 of rectification equipment, the experimental module 4 of mixing reaction and separation equipment, and the experimental module 7 of heat transfer equipment. The cooling tower 1.2 can reduce the temperature of the circulating return water and make it return to normal temperature. Water softening equipment 1.3 can soften tap water and improve the water quality of circulating water for experiments.
精馏设备实验模块2，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：板式塔全回流和部分回流精馏实验、填料塔全回流和部分回流精馏实验、板式塔与填料塔并联操作精馏实验、板式塔与填料塔串联操作精馏实验。精馏设备实验模块2包含一套板式塔精馏系统和一套填料塔精馏系统。板式塔精馏系统和填料塔精馏系统能够并联操作，以增大处理量，也能够串联操作，以提高乙醇浓度。一套板式塔精馏系统由一台板式塔2.1，一台板式塔塔底再沸器2.2，一台列管式换热器7.1，一台板式塔塔顶冷凝器2.3，一台板式塔塔顶冷凝液储罐2.4，一台板式塔塔釜出料离心泵2.5，一台板式塔塔顶凝液输送离心泵2.6，以及包含多个阀门的管路系统，包含压力、温度、流量和液位监测与调节的集中控制系统构成。一套填料塔精馏系统由一台填料塔2.7，一台填料塔塔底再沸器2.8，一台填料塔塔釜出料冷却器2.9，一台填料塔塔顶冷凝器2.10，一台填料塔塔顶冷凝液储罐2.11，一台填料塔塔釜出料离心泵2.12，一台填料塔塔顶凝液输送离心泵2.13，以及包含多个阀门的管路系统，包含压力、温度、流量和液位监测与调节的集中控制系统构成。板式塔精馏系统和填料塔精馏系统共用一套原料配置和泵送系统，该原料配置和泵送系统由一台离心水泵5.1，一台离心乙醇泵4.3，一个软化水储槽5.4，一台高浓度乙醇储罐4.5，一台立式带夹套搅拌反应釜4.1(或一根静态混合器4.2)，一台混合液储罐4.6和一台混合液输送泵4.4组成。板式塔精馏系统和填料塔精馏系统共用一套精馏塔进料预热系统，该精馏塔进料预热系统由一台蒸汽发生器1.1，一台管壳式进料预热器2.14，一套蒸汽计量及供应管路系统和精馏塔进料量调节系统构成。板式塔精馏系统和填料塔精馏系统共用一套冷凝器管程循环水供应系统，该冷凝器管程循环水由公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5和必要的管路、阀门、仪表及控制元器件组成。板式塔精馏系统和填料塔精馏系统共用一套塔釜出料冷却器循环水供应系统，该塔釜出料冷却器循环水供应系统由公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5和必要的管路、阀门、仪表及控制元器件组成。板式塔精馏系统和填料塔精馏系统共用一台残液罐2.15。Distillation equipment experiment module 2, which can at least complete the following experiments: plate tower total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, packed tower full reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, plate tower and packed tower parallel operation rectification experiment, plate tower Operation of rectification experiments in series with packed columns. Distillation equipment experiment module 2 includes a plate column rectification system and a packed column rectification system. The plate column rectification system and the packed column rectification system can be operated in parallel to increase the processing capacity, and can also be operated in series to increase the ethanol concentration. A plate column rectification system consists of a plate column 2.1, a plate column bottom reboiler 2.2, a shell and tube heat exchanger 7.1, a plate column top condenser 2.3, and a plate column Top condensate storage tank 2.4, a plate tower kettle discharge centrifugal pump 2.5, a plate tower top condensate delivery centrifugal pump 2.6, and a pipeline system including multiple valves, including pressure, temperature, flow and liquid A centralized control system for position monitoring and adjustment. A set of packed tower rectification system consists of a packed tower 2.7, a packed tower bottom reboiler 2.8, a packed tower bottom outlet cooler 2.9, a packed tower top condenser 2.10, and a packing Tower top condensate storage tank 2.11, a packing tower bottom discharge centrifugal pump 2.12, a packing tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump 2.13, and a pipeline system including multiple valves, including pressure, temperature, flow It is composed of a centralized control system for liquid level monitoring and adjustment. The tray column rectification system and the packed column rectification system share a set of raw material configuration and pumping system, the raw material configuration and pumping system consists of a centrifugal water pump 5.1, a centrifugal ethanol pump 4.3, a demineralized water storage tank 5.4, a A high-concentration ethanol storage tank 4.5, a vertical jacketed stirring reactor 4.1 (or a static mixer 4.2), a mixed solution storage tank 4.6 and a mixed solution delivery pump 4.4. The plate column rectification system and the packed column rectification system share a set of rectification tower feed preheating system, which consists of a steam generator 1.1 and a shell-and-tube feed preheater 2.14, a set of steam metering and supply pipeline system and rectification column feed adjustment system. The plate column rectification system and the packed column rectification system share a condenser tube-side circulating water supply system, and the condenser tube-side circulating water is provided by water softening equipment 1.3, softening water tank 1.4, centrifugal water pump 1.5 and It consists of necessary pipelines, valves, instruments and control components. The plate tower rectification system and the packed tower rectification system share a set of circulating water supply system for the tower kettle discharge cooler, which is composed of water softening equipment 1.3 in the utility system 1, softening water tank 1.4, centrifugal water pump 1.5 and necessary pipelines, valves, instruments and control components. The plate column rectification system and the packed column rectification system share a raffinate tank 2.15.
吸收设备实验模块3，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：含低浓度乙醇蒸汽的精馏操作尾气的吸收实验和二氧化碳气体吸收实验，并能够完成板式塔传质效率测定实验、板式塔水力学性能测定实验、填料塔传质效率测定实验和填料塔水力学性能测定实验。其中含低浓度乙醇蒸汽的精馏操作尾气的吸收实验和二氧化碳气体吸收实验，包括板式塔吸收实验、填料塔吸收实验、板式塔与填料塔并联操作吸收实验、板式塔与填料塔串联操作吸收实验。Absorption equipment experiment module 3, which can at least complete the following experiments: absorption experiment of rectification operation tail gas containing low-concentration ethanol vapor and carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment, and can complete plate tower mass transfer efficiency test, plate tower hydraulic performance test Experiment, mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment of packed tower and hydraulic performance measurement experiment of packed tower. Among them, the absorption experiment of rectification operation tail gas containing low concentration ethanol vapor and carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment, including plate tower absorption experiment, packed tower absorption experiment, plate tower and packed tower parallel operation absorption experiment, plate tower and packed tower series operation absorption experiment .
吸收设备实验模块3包含一套板式塔吸收系统和一套填料塔吸收系统。板式塔吸收系统和填料塔吸收系统能够并联操作，以增大处理量，也能够串联操作，以提高对混合气体中乙醇或二氧化碳成分的吸收效果。一套板式塔吸收系统由一台视窗可视化板式塔3.1，一套进气管路系统和一套进液管路系统构成。一套填料塔吸收系统由一台视窗可视化填料塔3.2，一套进气管路系统和一套进液管路系统构成。板式塔吸收系统和填料塔吸收系统共用一套二氧化碳混合气供应系统，该二氧化碳混合气供应系统由一台罗茨风机3.3，一台空气储罐3.4，一个二氧化碳气瓶3.5和一套混合气配置与计量系统构成。板式塔吸收系统和填料塔吸收系统共用一套循环水供应系统，该循环水供应系统由公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5，以及吸收塔底残液泵3.6和必要的管路、阀门、仪表及控制元器件组成。板式塔吸收系统和填料塔吸收系统共用一套气体成分取样分析系统。The absorption equipment experiment module 3 includes a plate tower absorption system and a packed tower absorption system. The plate tower absorption system and packed tower absorption system can be operated in parallel to increase the processing capacity, and can also be operated in series to improve the absorption effect of ethanol or carbon dioxide in the mixed gas. A set of plate tower absorption system consists of a plate tower 3.1 with visual window, a set of inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system. A packed tower absorption system consists of a packed tower 3.2 with visual window, a set of inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system. The plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system share a set of carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system, which is composed of a Roots blower 3.3, an air storage tank 3.4, a carbon dioxide cylinder 3.5 and a set of mixed gas configuration Composed with metering system. The plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system share a set of circulating water supply system, the circulating water supply system consists of water softening equipment 1.3, softening water tank 1.4, centrifugal water pump 1.5, and absorption tower bottom raffinate pump 3.6 in the utility system 1 It is composed of necessary pipelines, valves, instruments and control components. The plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system share a set of gas composition sampling and analysis system.
混合反应及分离设备实验模块4，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：二元物系混合实验，二元物系闪蒸分离实验，搅拌设备与静态混合器的混合效果对比实验，并能设计开发出2～4组分的化学反应实验，搅拌设备与静态混合器的2～4组分化学反应效果对比实验。具体包括：搅拌设备混合性能实验、搅拌反应过程实验、静态混合设备混合性能实验、静态混合设备反应过程实验、搅拌设备与静态混合设备混合特性对比实验、搅拌设备与静态混合设备反应特性对比实验、闪蒸分离实验。混合反应及分离设备实验模块4由一台立式带夹套搅拌反应釜4.1，一根静态混合器4.2，一个软化水储槽5.4，一台离心水泵5.1，一台离心乙醇泵4.3，一台混合液输送泵4.4，一台高浓度乙醇储罐4.5，一台混合液储罐4.6，一台闪蒸罐4.7，一台闪蒸气体冷凝器4.8，一号原料罐4.9和二号原料罐4.10构成。公用工程系统1中的蒸汽发生器1.1能够通过蒸汽输送管路为立式带夹套搅拌反应釜4.1提供加热蒸汽。公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5通过管路系统，能够为闪蒸气体冷凝器4.8提供循环冷却水。Mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module 4, this module can at least complete the following experiments: binary system mixing experiment, binary system flash separation experiment, mixing effect comparison experiment between stirring equipment and static mixer, and can design and develop 2-4 component chemical reaction experiments, comparison experiments of 2-4 component chemical reaction effects between stirring equipment and static mixers. Specifically include: mixing performance experiment of mixing equipment, mixing reaction process experiment, mixing performance experiment of static mixing equipment, reaction process experiment of static mixing equipment, comparison experiment of mixing characteristics of mixing equipment and static mixing equipment, comparison experiment of reaction characteristics of mixing equipment and static mixing equipment, Flash separation experiments. Mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module 4 consists of a vertical jacketed stirring reactor 4.1, a static mixer 4.2, a softened water storage tank 5.4, a centrifugal water pump 5.1, a centrifugal ethanol pump 4.3, and a Mixed liquid delivery pump 4.4, one high-concentration ethanol storage tank 4.5, one mixed liquid storage tank 4.6, one flash tank 4.7, one flash gas condenser 4.8, No. 1 raw material tank 4.9 and No. 2 raw material tank 4.10 constitute. The steam generator 1.1 in the utility system 1 can provide heating steam to the vertical jacketed stirred reactor 4.1 through the steam delivery pipeline. The water softening equipment 1.3, the softening water tank 1.4, and the centrifugal water pump 1.5 in the utility system 1 can provide circulating cooling water for the flash gas condenser 4.8 through the pipeline system.
液体输送设备实验模块5，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：单台离心泵性能曲线测定实验、离心泵汽蚀性能测定实验、离心泵恒压力控制实验、离心泵恒流量控制实验、水箱液位控制实验、水箱液位和流量串级控制实验、流量计校正实验、两台离心泵的串联性能实验、两台离心泵的并联性能实验、相同流量下离心泵与螺杆泵的功率和效率特性对比实验。Liquid conveying equipment experiment module 5, which can at least complete the following experiments: single centrifugal pump performance curve measurement experiment, centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, centrifugal pump constant pressure control experiment, centrifugal pump constant flow control experiment, water tank liquid level control Experiments, water tank liquid level and flow cascade control experiments, flowmeter calibration experiments, series performance experiments of two centrifugal pumps, parallel performance experiments of two centrifugal pumps, comparison experiments of power and efficiency characteristics of centrifugal pumps and screw pumps at the same flow rate .
液体输送设备实验模块由一号离心泵5.1，二号离心泵5.2，三号离心泵5.3，一个软化水储槽5.4，一台螺杆泵5.5，两个电动调节阀，两个涡轮流量计，和一套包含多个流量调节阀门、压力和真空度测量仪表的管路系统构成。公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5和必要的管路系统，能够为液体输送设备实验模块5提供循环水。The liquid delivery equipment experiment module consists of No. 1 centrifugal pump 5.1, No. 2 centrifugal pump 5.2, No. 3 centrifugal pump 5.3, a softened water storage tank 5.4, a screw pump 5.5, two electric control valves, two turbine flowmeters, and A piping system consisting of multiple flow regulating valves, pressure and vacuum degree measuring instruments. The water softening equipment 1.3, the softening water tank 1.4, the centrifugal water pump 1.5 and the necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the experimental module 5 of the liquid delivery equipment.
管路特性与流型观测实验模块6，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：单相流体流型观测实验、气液混输流型观测实验、光滑管管路特性曲线测定实验、粗糙管管路特性曲线测定实验、局部阻力管管路特性曲线测定实验，文丘里管管路特性曲线测定实验。管路特性与流型观测实验模块由一台离心水泵5.1，一台罗茨风机3.3，一台空气储罐3.4，一根光滑管6.1，一根粗糙管6.2，一根局部阻力管6.3，一根文丘里管6.4，一个计量槽6.5，一套液体流量调节系统6.6，一套气体流量调节系统6.7，一套压差测量系统6.8，和一套包含多个阀门、流量计量仪器、压力和真空度测量仪表的管路系统构成。公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5和必要的管路系统，能够为液体输送设备实验模块5提供循环水。Pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module 6, which can at least complete the following experiments: single-phase fluid flow pattern observation experiment, gas-liquid mixed flow pattern observation experiment, smooth pipe pipeline characteristic curve measurement experiment, rough pipe pipeline characteristics Curve determination experiment, local resistance pipe pipeline characteristic curve determination experiment, Venturi pipeline characteristic curve determination experiment. The pipeline characteristics and flow pattern observation experiment module consists of a centrifugal water pump 5.1, a Roots blower 3.3, an air storage tank 3.4, a smooth pipe 6.1, a rough pipe 6.2, a local resistance pipe 6.3, and a Root Venturi tube 6.4, a metering tank 6.5, a set of liquid flow regulation system 6.6, a set of gas flow regulation system 6.7, a set of differential pressure measurement system 6.8, and a set containing multiple valves, flow measuring instruments, pressure and vacuum The pipeline system composition of the measuring instrument. The water softening equipment 1.3, the softening water tank 1.4, the centrifugal water pump 1.5 and the necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the experimental module 5 of the liquid delivery equipment.
传热设备实验模块7，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：不同换热器综合传热系数测定实验，不同换热器出口温度控制实验，不同换热器管程/壳程压降测定实验，和套管式换热器流体传热膜系数测定实验。换热介质是55℃～95℃的热水和常温～35℃的凉水。换热器类型包括但不限于以下类型：列管式换热器、螺旋板式换热器、板式换热器、套管式换热器。每种实验均能实现并流操作和逆流操作。传热设备实验模块7的核心设备包括一台列管式换热器7.1，一台板式换热器7.2，一台螺旋板式换热器7.3，一台套管式换热器7.4，和能够实现上述各换热器并流与逆流换热切换的阀组7.5。传热设备实验模块7所需热水由板式塔塔底再沸器2.2和板式塔塔釜出料离心泵2.5，通过必要的管路系统提供。公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5和必要的管路系统，能够为传热设备实验模块7提供循环水。Heat transfer equipment experiment module 7, this module can at least complete the following experiments: different heat exchanger comprehensive heat transfer coefficient measurement experiments, different heat exchanger outlet temperature control experiments, different heat exchanger tube side/shell side pressure drop measurement experiments, and Measurement experiment of fluid heat transfer film coefficient of casing heat exchanger. The heat exchange medium is hot water at 55°C to 95°C and cold water at normal temperature to 35°C. Heat exchanger types include but are not limited to the following types: shell and tube heat exchangers, spiral plate heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, and casing heat exchangers. Each experiment can realize co-current operation and counter-current operation. The core equipment of heat transfer equipment experiment module 7 includes a tube-and-tube heat exchanger 7.1, a plate heat exchanger 7.2, a spiral plate heat exchanger 7.3, and a casing heat exchanger 7.4, and can realize The valve group 7.5 for switching between the parallel flow and countercurrent heat exchange of the above-mentioned heat exchangers. The hot water required by the experimental module 7 of the heat transfer equipment is provided by the plate tower bottom reboiler 2.2 and the plate tower kettle discharge centrifugal pump 2.5 through the necessary pipeline system. The water softening equipment 1.3, softening water tank 1.4, centrifugal water pump 1.5 and necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the heat transfer equipment experiment module 7.
阀门性能实验模块8，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：等百分比型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、直线型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、快开型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、抛物线型阀门的理想流量特性和工作流量特性(串联和并联管路)实验、恒压阀门流量特性实验、单回路压力控制实验、单回路流量控制实验。阀门性能实验模块8的核心设备包括一个等百分比型电动调节阀8.1，一个快开型电动调节阀8.2，一个直线型电动调节阀8.3，一个抛物线型电动调节阀8.4，一个自力式调节阀8.5，和能够实现阀门切换的阀组8.6。公用工程系统1中的水软化设备1.3，软化水箱1.4，离心水泵1.5和必要的管路系统，能够为阀门性能实验模块8提供循环水。Valve performance experiment module 8, which can at least complete the following experiments: ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) experiments of equal percentage valves, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of linear valves Pipeline) experiments, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) experiments of quick-opening valves, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) experiments of parabolic valves, constant pressure valve flow Characteristic experiment, single loop pressure control experiment, single loop flow control experiment. The core equipment of the valve performance experiment module 8 includes an equal percentage electric regulating valve 8.1, a quick opening electric regulating valve 8.2, a linear electric regulating valve 8.3, a parabolic electric regulating valve 8.4, a self-operated regulating valve 8.5, And valve group 8.6 capable of valve switching. The water softening equipment 1.3, softening water tank 1.4, centrifugal water pump 1.5 and necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the valve performance experiment module 8.
气体压缩设备实验模块9，该模块至少能够完成如下实验：活塞压缩机示功图测试实验、活塞压缩机排气量测定实验、孔板对活塞压缩机气流脉动影响实验。气体压缩设备实验模块9由一台活塞式空气压缩机9.1，一台空气储罐9.2，一个低压箱9.3，一个喷嘴9.4，一套孔板9.5构成。Gas compression equipment experiment module 9, which can at least complete the following experiments: piston compressor indicator diagram test experiment, piston compressor displacement measurement experiment, orifice plate impact on piston compressor airflow pulsation experiment. The gas compression equipment experiment module 9 is composed of a piston air compressor 9.1, an air storage tank 9.2, a low-pressure box 9.3, a nozzle 9.4, and a set of orifice plates 9.5.
集中控制系统10。该集中控制系统由PC机和若干数据通讯线路组成，能够实现离心泵转速、电动调节阀开度、再沸器加热功率和搅拌设备电机转速的自动无极调节，能够实现各实验模块涡轮流量计、压力变送器、差压变送器、温度变送器和液位变送器的实时数据采集与存储，能够完成各功能模块相关实验的实验数据的报表生成和处理分析。Centralized control system 10. The centralized control system is composed of a PC and several data communication lines, which can realize the automatic stepless adjustment of the speed of the centrifugal pump, the opening of the electric control valve, the heating power of the reboiler and the speed of the motor of the stirring equipment. The real-time data collection and storage of pressure transmitters, differential pressure transmitters, temperature transmitters and liquid level transmitters can complete the report generation, processing and analysis of experimental data related to experiments of each functional module.
供配电系统11。该系统由强电柜、弱电柜和PLC硬件模块组成，为各实验模块及集中控制系统提供电能和动力。Power supply and distribution system 11. The system consists of strong current cabinets, weak current cabinets and PLC hardware modules, providing electric energy and power for each experimental module and centralized control system.
一种过程单元设备综合实验装置的主要技术指标如下：The main technical indicators of a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment are as follows:
压力范围：0-1MPa，压力控制精度：±0.5％FSPressure range: 0-1MPa, pressure control accuracy: ±0.5%FS
温度测量范围：0-100℃，温度控制精度：土0.5％FSTemperature measurement range: 0-100°C, temperature control accuracy: ±0.5% FS
流量测量范围：0-10m3/h，流量控制精度：±0.5％FSFlow measurement range: 0-10m3/h, flow control accuracy: ±0.5%FS
总配电功率：60kWTotal distribution power: 60kW
总占地面积：<70m2Total floor area: <70m2
总高度：3.3mOverall height: 3.3m
过程单元设备综合实验装置的主要使用步骤如下。The main steps of using the comprehensive experimental device of process unit equipment are as follows.
完成实验之前的准备工作，包括：检查公用工程系统1，供配电系统11和集中控制系统10是否正常；根据具体的实验指导书检查相应实验模块的设备、管路、阀门等是否在要求的状态；准备足量的实验原料；打开集中控制系统10，选择相应实验模块的控制界面；根据所选实验模块的具体情况，进行点动试运行或者不超过五分钟的连续试运行。Complete the preparatory work before the experiment, including: check whether the public works system 1, the power supply and distribution system 11 and the centralized control system 10 are normal; check whether the equipment, pipelines, valves, etc. state; prepare a sufficient amount of experimental raw materials; open the centralized control system 10, select the control interface of the corresponding experimental module; according to the specific conditions of the selected experimental module, perform jog trial operation or continuous trial operation for no more than five minutes.
参照实验指导书，指导学生进行实验。Refer to the experiment instruction book to guide the students to carry out the experiment.
实验完毕，将所选择的实验模块、集中控制系统、公用工程和供配电系统恢复使用前的状态。After the experiment is completed, the selected experimental modules, centralized control system, public works and power supply and distribution system will be restored to the state before use.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily conceive of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
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