CN107358859B - Comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment - Google Patents
Comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment, which comprises a gas compression equipment experimental module, a liquid conveying equipment experimental module, a mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, a rectifying equipment experimental module, an absorption equipment experimental module, a heat transfer equipment experimental module, a valve performance experimental module, a pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experimental module, a public engineering system, a power supply and distribution system and a centralized control system. Different experimental modules can run relatively independently under the regulation and control of the centralized control system to complete experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and also can run in a multi-module linkage manner to realize large-scale comprehensive experiments of low-concentration ethanol solution preparation, preheating, rectification concentration and tail gas absorption. The experimental teaching and scientific research requirements of the process unit equipment in the professions of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil gas storage and transportation engineering and the like can be met, and the experimental teaching requirements of the professions of chemical engineering, chemical engineering and the like can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive experimental device for teaching and scientific research in the fields of power engineering and engineering thermophysics, in particular to a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment.
Background
Petrochemical industry, biochemical industry, pharmacy, pesticide, chemical fertilizer, dyestuff, food, oil refining, light industry, thermoelectric, nuclear industry, public works, hydrometallurgy, environmental protection and other production processes, the process unit equipment such as reactors, towers, heat exchangers, pressure vessels, storage tanks, pumps, compressors, centrifuges, dryers and the like are used for processing the flow materials such as gas, liquid, powder and the like, and products meeting application requirements are obtained by changing the state, structure and properties of the flow materials. The structural and performance advances of process unit equipment have a direct impact on the capacity, performance, safety and stability of a particular production facility. The structure and the performance of the process unit equipment are experimentally researched, and the related basic scientific rules are explored, which are important contents in the professional teaching and scientific research work of a plurality of industries such as process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil gas storage and transportation engineering and the like. At present, related professions of various colleges and universities in China, such as process equipment and control engineering professions, face some common problems in the experimental teaching process, wherein the most prominent is that the experimental teaching content is slowly updated, the comprehensive experimental platform is lagged in development, and few comprehensive and innovative experiments are arranged; the experimental equipment adopted is a series of experimental equipment with relatively single function, relatively low integration level and relatively strong independence, such as a centrifugal pump performance test experiment table, a liquid flow pattern observation experiment table, a heat exchanger comprehensive heat transfer coefficient measurement experiment table, a stirrer performance test experiment table and the like. Although basic performance experiments of the corresponding process unit devices can be realized by using the independent experimental devices, the following disadvantages exist: firstly, a series of process unit equipment related experiments are completed, the number of equipment sets is large, and the total occupied area is large; secondly, the situation of complete process equipment frequently occurring in different production processes cannot be reproduced, and the method is unfavorable for culturing engineering consciousness and systematic thinking ability of students; thirdly, design, comprehensiveness and innovation experiments are difficult to set up, and independent thinking and innovation capability cultivation of students are not facilitated. The universities of Beijing university of chemical industry, university of company, zhengzhou university of western-style petroleum university, university of vinca of Chinese and university of martial arts, etc. develop comprehensive experiment platforms suitable for process equipment and control engineering professions, and the comprehensive experiment platforms can develop more than 3 kinds of experiments, but in general, the comprehensive experiment platforms are only single type process unit equipment experiment modules with expanded functions, and are difficult to realize the combined experiment of more than two kinds of unit operations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment, which aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing independent experimental equipment in related professional teaching scientific research work.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
the comprehensive experimental device for the process unit equipment is characterized by comprising a gas compression equipment experimental module, a liquid conveying equipment experimental module, a mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, a rectifying equipment experimental module, an absorption equipment experimental module, a heat transfer equipment experimental module, a valve performance experimental module, a pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experimental module, a public engineering system, a power supply and distribution system and a centralized control system;
the pipeline characteristics are connected with the flow pattern observation experiment module, the liquid conveying equipment experiment module, the mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module, the rectifying equipment experiment module, the absorption equipment experiment module, the heat transfer equipment experiment module and the valve performance experiment module through pipeline systems in sequence to form an integrated system;
the gas compression equipment experiment modules are arranged relatively and independently;
the utility system is connected with the gas compression equipment experimental module, the liquid conveying equipment experimental module, the mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, the rectifying equipment experimental module, the absorption equipment experimental module, the heat transfer equipment experimental module, the valve performance experimental module, the pipeline characteristics and the flow pattern observation experimental module respectively through at least one of the following pipelines:
A softened water experiment medium pipeline, a softened water circulation cooling medium pipeline and a steam heating medium pipeline;
the power supply and distribution system is arranged relatively and independently and is connected with the experiment modules, the public engineering system and the centralized control system through power supply lines;
the centralized control system is arranged relatively independently and is connected with the experiment modules, the public engineering system and the power supply and distribution system through communication lines.
The technical scheme provided by the invention can be seen that the comprehensive experimental device for the process unit equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention is mainly used for teaching and scientific research work in the fields of power engineering and engineering thermophysics. Different experimental modules in the comprehensive experimental device can run relatively independently under the regulation and control of the centralized control system to complete experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and also can run in a multi-module linkage manner to realize large-scale comprehensive experiments of low-concentration ethanol solution preparation, preheating, rectification concentration and tail gas absorption, and can realize at least 35 experimental projects of verifications, designs, comprehensiveness and innovativeness; the device can be used for experimental teaching in the stage of the Gramineae and the study and the life, and can also be used for scientific research work of teachers; the integrated circuit has the advantages of high integration level, rich functions, reasonable layout, compact structure, safety, reliability and wide application range. The comprehensive experimental device can meet the requirements of experimental teaching and scientific research of process unit equipment in the professions of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil gas storage and transportation engineering and the like, and can also meet the requirements of experimental teaching in the professions of chemical engineering, chemical engineering and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the module configuration of a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic process flow diagram of a process unit equipment integrated experimental set-up (without a gas compression equipment experimental module) provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic process flow diagram of a gas compression plant experimental module of the process unit plant integrated experimental apparatus provided by the invention.
In the figure:
a public engineering system 1, a rectification equipment experimental module 2, an absorption equipment experimental module 3, a mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module 4, a liquid conveying equipment experimental module 5, a pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experimental module 6, a heat transfer equipment experimental module 7, a valve performance experimental module 8, a gas compression equipment experimental module 9, a centralized control system 10 and a power supply and distribution system 11;
1.1 parts of steam generator, 1.2 parts of cooling tower, 1.3 parts of water softening equipment, 1.4 parts of softened water tank and 1.5 parts of centrifugal water pump;
plate tower 2.1, plate tower bottom reboiler 2.2, plate tower top condenser 2.3, plate tower top condensate storage tank 2.4, plate tower kettle discharging centrifugal pump 2.5, plate tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump 2.6; 2.7 of a packing tower, 2.8 of a reboiler at the bottom of the packing tower, 2.9 of a discharge cooler at the bottom of the packing tower, 2.10 of a condenser at the top of the packing tower, 2.11 of a condensate storage tank at the top of the packing tower, 2.12 of a discharge centrifugal pump at the bottom of the packing tower, 2.13 of a condensate conveying centrifugal pump at the top of the packing tower, 2.14 of a shell-and-tube feed preheater and 2.15 of a raffinate tank;
3.1 of a window visual plate tower, 3.2 of a window visual packing tower, 3.3 of a Roots blower, 3.4 of an air storage tank, 3.5 of a carbon dioxide gas cylinder and 3.6 of an absorption tower bottom residual liquid pump;
4.1 parts of vertical jacketed stirring reaction kettle, 4.2 parts of static mixer, 4.3 parts of centrifugal ethanol pump, 4.4 parts of mixed liquor conveying pump, 4.5 parts of high-concentration ethanol storage tank, 4.6 parts of mixed liquor storage tank, 4.7 parts of flash tank, 4.8 parts of flash gas condenser, 4.9 parts of first-size raw material tank and 4.10 parts of second-size raw material tank;
a first centrifugal pump 5.1, a second centrifugal pump 5.2, a third centrifugal pump 5.3, a softened water storage tank 5.4 and a screw pump 5.5;
a smooth tube 6.1, a rough tube 6.2, a local resistance tube 6.3, a venturi tube 6.4, a metering tank 6.5, a liquid flow regulating system 6.6, a gas flow regulating system 6.7 and a differential pressure measuring system 6.8;
a shell and tube heat exchanger 7.1, a plate heat exchanger 7.2, a spiral plate heat exchanger 7.3, a double-pipe heat exchanger 7.4 and a parallel flow and countercurrent heat exchange switching valve group 7.5;
the device comprises an equal percentage type electric regulating valve 8.1, a quick-opening type electric regulating valve 8.2, a linear type electric regulating valve 8.3, a parabolic type electric regulating valve 8.4, a self-operated regulating valve 8.5 and a valve switching valve group 8.6;
a piston air compressor 9.1, an air storage tank 9.2, a low-pressure tank 9.3, a nozzle 9.4 and an orifice plate 9.5.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
The invention relates to a comprehensive experimental device for process unit equipment, which comprises the following preferred specific embodiments:
the system comprises a gas compression equipment experimental module, a liquid conveying equipment experimental module, a mixing reaction and separation equipment experimental module, a rectifying equipment experimental module, an absorption equipment experimental module, a heat transfer equipment experimental module, a valve performance experimental module, a pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experimental module, a public engineering system, a power supply and distribution system and a centralized control system;
the pipeline characteristics are connected with the flow pattern observation experiment module, the liquid conveying equipment experiment module, the mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module, the rectifying equipment experiment module, the absorption equipment experiment module, the heat transfer equipment experiment module and the valve performance experiment module through pipeline systems in sequence to form an integrated system;
The gas compression equipment experiment modules are arranged relatively and independently;
the utility system is connected with the gas compression equipment experimental module, the liquid conveying equipment experimental module, the mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, the rectifying equipment experimental module, the absorption equipment experimental module, the heat transfer equipment experimental module, the valve performance experimental module, the pipeline characteristics and the flow pattern observation experimental module respectively through at least one of the following pipelines:
a softened water experiment medium pipeline, a softened water circulation cooling medium pipeline and a steam heating medium pipeline;
the power supply and distribution system is arranged relatively and independently and is connected with the experiment modules, the public engineering system and the centralized control system through power supply lines;
the centralized control system is arranged relatively independently and is connected with the experiment modules, the public engineering system and the power supply and distribution system through communication lines.
The utility system comprises a steam generator, a water cooling tower, a set of water softening equipment, a softened water tank and a centrifugal water pump;
the experimental module of the rectifying equipment comprises a set of plate-type tower rectifying system and a set of packing tower rectifying system, wherein the plate-type tower rectifying system comprises a plate-type tower, a platen-type tower bottom reboiler, a tubular heat exchanger, a platen-type tower top condenser, a platen-type tower top condensate storage tank, a platen-type tower bottom discharging centrifugal pump and a platen-type tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump, and the packing tower rectifying system comprises a packing tower, a packing tower bottom reboiler, a packing tower bottom discharging cooler, a packing tower top condenser, a packing tower top condensate storage tank, a packing tower bottom discharging centrifugal pump and a packing tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump;
The experimental module of the absorption equipment comprises a set of plate tower absorption system and a set of packing tower absorption system, wherein the plate tower absorption system comprises a window visual plate tower, a set of air inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system, the packing tower absorption system comprises a window visual packing tower, a set of air inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system, the plate tower absorption system and the packing tower absorption system share a set of carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system, and the carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system comprises a Roots blower, an air storage tank, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder, a set of mixed gas configuration and metering system;
the experimental module of the mixing reaction and separation equipment comprises a vertical jacketed stirring reaction kettle, a static mixer, a softened water storage tank, a centrifugal water pump, a centrifugal ethanol pump, a mixed liquid conveying pump, a high-concentration ethanol storage tank, a mixed liquid storage tank, a flash evaporation gas condenser, a first raw material tank and a second raw material tank;
the liquid conveying equipment experiment module comprises a first centrifugal pump, a second centrifugal pump, a third centrifugal pump, a softened water storage tank, a screw pump, two electric regulating valves, two turbine flow meters and a set of pipeline system comprising a plurality of flow regulating valves and pressure and vacuum degree measuring instruments;
The pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module comprises a smooth pipe, a rough pipe, a local resistance pipe, a venturi pipe, a metering tank, a set of liquid flow regulating system, a set of gas flow regulating system, a set of pressure difference measuring system and a set of pipeline system comprising a plurality of valves, flow metering instruments and pressure and vacuum measuring instruments;
the experimental module of the heat transfer equipment comprises a tube type heat exchanger, a platen type heat exchanger, a spiral plate type heat exchanger, a double-pipe type heat exchanger and a valve group for realizing parallel flow and countercurrent heat exchange switching;
the valve performance experiment module comprises an equal-percentage type electric regulating valve, a quick-opening type electric regulating valve, a linear type electric regulating valve, a parabolic type electric regulating valve, a self-operated regulating valve and a valve group for realizing valve switching;
the gas compression equipment experimental module comprises a piston type air compressor, an air storage tank, a low-pressure tank, a nozzle and a set of pore plates;
the centralized control system comprises a PC and a plurality of data communication lines;
the power supply and distribution system comprises a strong current cabinet, a weak current cabinet and a PLC hardware module.
The liquid conveying equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: a single centrifugal pump performance curve measurement experiment, a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, a centrifugal pump constant pressure control experiment, a centrifugal pump constant flow control experiment, a water tank liquid level and flow cascade control experiment, a flow meter correction experiment, a series performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, a parallel performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, and a power and efficiency characteristic comparison experiment of the centrifugal pumps and the screw pump under the same flow;
the experimental module of the mixing reaction and separation equipment can at least complete the following experiments: the binary system mixing experiment, the binary system flash separation experiment, the mixing effect comparison experiment of stirring equipment and a static mixer, and the 2-4 component chemical reaction experiment of the stirring equipment and the static mixer can be designed and developed. The method specifically comprises the following steps: mixing performance experiment of stirring equipment, mixing reaction process experiment of static mixing equipment, mixing performance experiment of static mixing equipment, mixing characteristic comparison experiment of stirring equipment and static mixing equipment, reaction characteristic comparison experiment of stirring equipment and static mixing equipment, flash separation experiment;
The rectification equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: plate tower total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, packed tower total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, plate tower and packed tower parallel operation rectification experiment, plate tower and packed tower serial operation rectification experiment;
the absorption equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: the absorption experiment and the carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment of the rectification operation tail gas containing the low-concentration ethanol vapor can be completed, and the plate column mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment, the plate column hydraulic property measurement experiment, the packing column mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment and the packing column hydraulic property measurement experiment can be completed. The absorption experiment of the rectification operation tail gas containing the low-concentration ethanol vapor and the absorption experiment of the carbon dioxide gas comprise a plate tower absorption experiment, a packing tower absorption experiment, a plate tower and packing tower parallel operation absorption experiment and a plate tower and packing tower serial operation absorption experiment;
the heat transfer equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: the method comprises the following steps of comprehensive heat transfer coefficient measurement experiments of different heat exchangers, outlet temperature control experiments of different heat exchangers, tube side/shell side pressure drop measurement experiments of different heat exchangers and fluid heat transfer film coefficient measurement experiments of double-pipe heat exchangers. The heat exchange medium is hot water at 55-95 ℃ and cold water at normal temperature-35 ℃. Heat exchanger types include, but are not limited to, the following types: a shell and tube heat exchanger, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger and a double-pipe heat exchanger;
The valve performance experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the equal percentage type valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the linear type valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the quick-opening type valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the parabolic type valve, constant pressure valve flow characteristics, single loop pressure control and single loop flow control;
the pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module can at least complete the following experiment: single-phase fluid flow pattern observation experiment, gas-liquid mixed flow pattern observation experiment, smooth pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, rough pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, local resistance pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, venturi pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment;
the gas compression equipment experimental module can at least complete the following experiments: and (3) a piston compressor indicator diagram test experiment, a piston compressor exhaust gas displacement measurement experiment and an orifice plate impact experiment on the air flow pulsation of the piston compressor.
The process unit equipment comprehensive experiment device is mainly used for teaching and scientific research work in the fields of power engineering and engineering thermophysics. Different experimental modules in the comprehensive experimental device can run relatively independently under the regulation and control of the centralized control system to complete experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and also can run in a multi-module linkage manner to realize large-scale comprehensive experiments of low-concentration ethanol solution preparation, preheating, rectification concentration and tail gas absorption, and can realize at least 35 experimental projects of verifications, designs, comprehensiveness and innovativeness; the device can be used for experimental teaching in the stage of the Gramineae and the study and the life, and can also be used for scientific research work of teachers; the integrated circuit has the advantages of high integration level, rich functions, reasonable layout, compact structure, safety, reliability and wide application range. The comprehensive experimental device can meet the requirements of experimental teaching and scientific research of process unit equipment in the professions of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil gas storage and transportation engineering and the like, and can also meet the requirements of experimental teaching in the professions of chemical engineering, chemical engineering and the like.
The main using steps of the comprehensive experimental device of the process unit equipment are as follows:
Step 1, preparation before the completion of the experiment, includes: checking whether a public engineering system, a power supply and distribution system and a centralized control system are normal or not; checking whether equipment, pipelines, valves and the like of the corresponding experimental modules are in a required state according to a specific experimental instruction; preparing a sufficient amount of experimental raw materials; opening a centralized control system and selecting a control interface of a corresponding experiment module; and (3) performing inching test operation or continuous test operation for 5-30 minutes according to the specific conditions of the selected experimental module.
And step 2, referring to an experiment instruction book, guiding students to conduct experiments.
And step 3, after the experiment is finished, recovering the selected experiment module, public engineering system, power supply and distribution system and centralized control system to a state before use.
The comprehensive experimental device for the process unit equipment takes the unit processes of gas compression, liquid delivery, low-viscosity liquid mixing, chemical reaction, flash separation, rectification, absorption, heat transfer and the like as cores, so that experimental modules with relatively concentrated functions are constructed, meanwhile, the utilization rate of general equipment in each experimental module is fully considered, the integration level is increased, and the compactness of the whole experimental device is improved. The method specifically uses the technological processes of ethanol solution rectification and tail gas absorption as main lines, and comprises experimental modules such as gas compression equipment, liquid conveying equipment, mixing equipment, reaction equipment, separation equipment, rectification equipment, absorption equipment, heat transfer equipment, valves, pipeline characteristics, flow pattern observation and the like.
The comprehensive experimental device for the process unit equipment comprises eight experimental modules, wherein the experimental modules can run relatively independently under the regulation and control of a centralized control system to complete experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and also can run in a multi-module linkage manner to realize large comprehensive experiments of low-concentration ethanol solution preparation, preheating, rectification concentration and tail gas absorption; the verification, design, comprehensiveness and innovation experiment items are not less than 35; the device can be used for experimental teaching in the stage of the Gramineae and the study and the life, and can also be used for scientific research work of teachers; the integrated circuit has the advantages of high integration level, rich functions, reasonable layout, compact structure, safety, reliability and wide application range; the experimental teaching and scientific research requirements of the process unit equipment in the professions of process equipment and control engineering, energy and power engineering, environmental engineering, oil gas storage and transportation engineering and the like can be met, and the experimental teaching requirements of the professions of chemical engineering, chemical engineering and the like can be met.
Specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the main structure and function are as follows:
the utility system 1 is capable of providing both ambient softened water and heated steam to the entire experimental system and to the individual experimental modules therein. The utility system 1 consists of a steam generator 1.1, a cooling tower 1.2, a set of water softening equipment 1.3, a softened water tank 1.4, a centrifugal water pump 1.5 and necessary pipelines, valves, meters and control components. The steam generator 1.1 is capable of providing thermal energy to the rectification apparatus experimental module 2, the mixing reaction and separation apparatus experimental module 4 and the heat transfer apparatus experimental module 7. The cooling tower 1.2 can reduce the temperature of the circulating backwater and restore the circulating backwater to normal temperature. The water softening device 1.3 can soften tap water and improve the quality of circulating water for experiments.
Rectifying apparatus experiment module 2, this module can accomplish at least the following experiment: plate tower total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, packed tower total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, plate tower and packed tower parallel operation rectification experiment, plate tower and packed tower serial operation rectification experiment. The rectification equipment experiment module 2 comprises a set of plate tower rectification system and a set of packed tower rectification system. The plate column rectification system and the packed column rectification system can be operated in parallel to increase throughput and can also be operated in series to increase ethanol concentration. The plate type tower rectifying system consists of a plate type tower 2.1, a platen type tower bottom reboiler 2.2, a tube type heat exchanger 7.1, a platen type tower top condenser 2.3, a platen type tower top condensate storage tank 2.4, a platen type tower bottom discharging centrifugal pump 2.5, a platen type tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump 2.6 and a pipeline system comprising a plurality of valves, and a centralized control system comprising pressure, temperature, flow and liquid level monitoring and adjusting. The packing tower rectifying system consists of a packing tower 2.7, a packing tower bottom reboiler 2.8, a packing tower kettle discharging cooler 2.9, a packing tower top condenser 2.10, a packing tower top condensate storage tank 2.11, a packing tower kettle discharging centrifugal pump 2.12, a packing tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump 2.13 and a pipeline system comprising a plurality of valves, and a centralized control system comprising pressure, temperature, flow and liquid level monitoring and adjusting. The plate tower rectifying system and the packing tower rectifying system share a set of raw material configuration and pumping system, and the raw material configuration and pumping system consists of a centrifugal water pump 5.1, a centrifugal ethanol pump 4.3, a softened water storage tank 5.4, a high-concentration ethanol storage tank 4.5, a vertical stirring reaction kettle 4.1 (or a static mixer 4.2) with a jacket, a mixed liquid storage tank 4.6 and a mixed liquid conveying pump 4.4. The plate-type tower rectifying system and the packed tower rectifying system share a set of rectifying tower feeding preheating system, and the rectifying tower feeding preheating system consists of a steam generator 1.1, a shell-and-tube feeding preheater 2.14, a set of steam metering and supplying pipeline system and a rectifying tower feeding quantity regulating system. The plate tower rectifying system and the packing tower rectifying system share one set of condenser tube circulating water supply system, and the condenser tube circulating water consists of water softening equipment 1.3, softening water tank 1.4, centrifugal water pump 1.5, necessary pipeline, valve, instrument and control components. The plate tower rectifying system and the packing tower rectifying system share a set of tower kettle discharge cooler circulating water supply system, and the tower kettle discharge cooler circulating water supply system consists of water softening equipment 1.3, a softening water tank 1.4, a centrifugal water pump 1.5, necessary pipelines, valves, meters and control components in a public engineering system 1. The plate tower rectifying system and the packed tower rectifying system share one raffinate tank 2.15.
An absorption device experiment module 3, which is capable of performing at least the following experiments: the absorption experiment and the carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment of the rectification operation tail gas containing the low-concentration ethanol vapor can be completed, and the plate column mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment, the plate column hydraulic property measurement experiment, the packing column mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment and the packing column hydraulic property measurement experiment can be completed. The absorption experiment of the rectification operation tail gas containing the low-concentration ethanol vapor and the absorption experiment of the carbon dioxide gas comprise a plate tower absorption experiment, a packing tower absorption experiment, a plate tower and packing tower parallel operation absorption experiment and a plate tower and packing tower serial operation absorption experiment.
The absorption equipment experiment module 3 comprises a set of plate tower absorption system and a set of packed tower absorption system. The plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system can be operated in parallel to increase the treatment capacity, and can also be operated in series to improve the absorption effect on ethanol or carbon dioxide in the mixed gas. The plate tower absorption system consists of a visual window plate tower 3.1, a set of gas inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system. The packing tower absorption system consists of a visual window packing tower 3.2, a set of gas inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system. The plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system share a set of carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system, and the carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system consists of a Roots blower 3.3, an air storage tank 3.4, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder 3.5 and a set of mixed gas configuration and metering system. The plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system share a set of circulating water supply system, and the circulating water supply system consists of water softening equipment 1.3, a softening water tank 1.4, a centrifugal water pump 1.5, an absorption tower bottom residual liquid pump 3.6 and necessary pipelines, valves, meters and control components in the public engineering system 1. The plate tower absorption system and the packed tower absorption system share a set of gas component sampling analysis system.
A mixed reaction and separation apparatus experiment module 4 capable of performing at least the following experiments: the binary system mixing experiment, the binary system flash separation experiment, the mixing effect comparison experiment of stirring equipment and a static mixer, and the 2-4 component chemical reaction experiment of the stirring equipment and the static mixer can be designed and developed. The method specifically comprises the following steps: mixing performance experiment of stirring equipment, stirring reaction process experiment, mixing performance experiment of static mixing equipment, reaction process experiment of static mixing equipment, mixing characteristic comparison experiment of stirring equipment and static mixing equipment, reaction characteristic comparison experiment of stirring equipment and static mixing equipment, and flash separation experiment. The experimental module 4 of the mixing reaction and separation equipment consists of a vertical jacketed stirring reaction kettle 4.1, a static mixer 4.2, a softened water storage tank 5.4, a centrifugal water pump 5.1, a centrifugal ethanol pump 4.3, a mixed liquid conveying pump 4.4, a high-concentration ethanol storage tank 4.5, a mixed liquid storage tank 4.6, a flash tank 4.7, a flash gas condenser 4.8, a first raw material tank 4.9 and a second raw material tank 4.10. The steam generator 1.1 in the utility system 1 is capable of providing heated steam to the vertical jacketed stirred tank reactor 4.1 via a steam delivery line. The water softening device 1.3, the softening tank 1.4, and the centrifugal water pump 1.5 in the utility system 1 can supply circulating cooling water to the flash gas condenser 4.8 through a pipe system.
A liquid delivery device experiment module 5 capable of performing at least the following experiments: the method comprises a single centrifugal pump performance curve measurement experiment, a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, a centrifugal pump constant pressure control experiment, a centrifugal pump constant flow control experiment, a water tank liquid level and flow cascade control experiment, a flow meter correction experiment, a series performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, a parallel performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, and a power and efficiency characteristic comparison experiment of the centrifugal pump and a screw pump under the same flow.
The experimental module of the liquid conveying equipment consists of a first centrifugal pump 5.1, a second centrifugal pump 5.2, a third centrifugal pump 5.3, a softened water storage tank 5.4, a screw pump 5.5, two electric regulating valves, two turbine flow meters and a set of pipeline system comprising a plurality of flow regulating valves, pressure and vacuum degree measuring instruments. The water softening device 1.3, the softened water tank 1.4, the centrifugal water pump 1.5 and the necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the liquid delivery device experiment module 5.
Pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module 6, this module can accomplish at least the following experiment: single-phase fluid flow pattern observation experiment, gas-liquid mixed flow pattern observation experiment, smooth pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, rough pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, local resistance pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, venturi pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment. The pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module consists of a centrifugal water pump 5.1, a Roots blower 3.3, an air storage tank 3.4, a smooth pipe 6.1, a rough pipe 6.2, a local resistance pipe 6.3, a Venturi pipe 6.4, a metering tank 6.5, a set of liquid flow regulating system 6.6, a set of gas flow regulating system 6.7, a set of pressure difference measuring system 6.8 and a set of pipeline system comprising a plurality of valves, flow metering instruments, pressure and vacuum degree measuring instruments. The water softening device 1.3, the softened water tank 1.4, the centrifugal water pump 1.5 and the necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the liquid delivery device experiment module 5.
A heat transfer device experiment module 7 capable of performing at least the following experiments: the method comprises the following steps of comprehensive heat transfer coefficient measurement experiments of different heat exchangers, outlet temperature control experiments of different heat exchangers, tube side/shell side pressure drop measurement experiments of different heat exchangers and fluid heat transfer film coefficient measurement experiments of double-pipe heat exchangers. The heat exchange medium is hot water at 55-95 ℃ and cold water at normal temperature-35 ℃. Heat exchanger types include, but are not limited to, the following types: a shell and tube heat exchanger, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger and a double-pipe heat exchanger. Each experiment was able to achieve both co-current and counter-current operation. The core equipment of the heat transfer equipment experiment module 7 comprises a tube type heat exchanger 7.1, a platen type heat exchanger 7.2, a spiral plate type heat exchanger 7.3, a sleeve type heat exchanger 7.4 and a valve group 7.5 capable of realizing the parallel flow and countercurrent heat exchange switching of the heat exchangers. The hot water required by the experimental module 7 of the heat transfer equipment is provided by a plate tower bottom reboiler 2.2 and a plate tower kettle discharging centrifugal pump 2.5 through necessary pipeline systems. The water softening device 1.3, the softened water tank 1.4, the centrifugal water pump 1.5 and the necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the heat transfer device experiment module 7.
Valve performance test module 8, which is capable of performing at least the following tests: ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the equal percentage type valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the linear type valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the quick-opening type valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics (series and parallel pipelines) of the parabolic type valve, constant pressure valve flow characteristics, single loop pressure control and single loop flow control. The core equipment of the valve performance experiment module 8 comprises an equal-percentage type electric regulating valve 8.1, a quick-opening type electric regulating valve 8.2, a linear type electric regulating valve 8.3, a parabolic type electric regulating valve 8.4, a self-operated regulating valve 8.5 and a valve group 8.6 capable of realizing valve switching. The water softening device 1.3, the softened water tank 1.4, the centrifugal water pump 1.5 and the necessary piping system in the utility system 1 can provide circulating water for the valve performance test module 8.
A gas compression apparatus experiment module 9 capable of performing at least the following experiments: and (3) a piston compressor indicator diagram test experiment, a piston compressor exhaust gas displacement measurement experiment and an orifice plate impact experiment on the air flow pulsation of the piston compressor. The experimental module 9 of the gas compression equipment consists of a piston type air compressor 9.1, an air storage tank 9.2, a low-pressure box 9.3, a nozzle 9.4 and a set of pore plates 9.5.
The system 10 is centrally controlled. The centralized control system consists of a PC and a plurality of data communication lines, can realize automatic stepless regulation of the rotation speed of the centrifugal pump, the opening of the electric regulating valve, the heating power of the reboiler and the rotation speed of the motor of the stirring equipment, can realize real-time data acquisition and storage of the turbine flowmeter, the pressure transmitter, the differential pressure transmitter, the temperature transmitter and the liquid level transmitter of each experimental module, and can complete report generation, processing and analysis of experimental data of related experiments of each functional module.
A power supply and distribution system 11. The system consists of a strong current cabinet, a weak current cabinet and a PLC hardware module, and provides electric energy and power for each experiment module and the centralized control system.
The main technical indexes of the comprehensive experimental device of the process unit equipment are as follows:
pressure range: 0-1MPa, pressure control accuracy: 0.5% FS
Temperature measurement range: 0-100 ℃, and the temperature control precision is as follows: soil 0.5% FS
Flow measurement range: 0-10m3/h, flow control accuracy: 0.5% FS
Total power distribution: 60kW
Total floor area: <70m2
Total height: 3.3m
The main using steps of the comprehensive experimental device of the process unit equipment are as follows.
Preparation before completion of the experiment includes: checking whether the utility system 1, the power supply and distribution system 11 and the centralized control system 10 are normal; checking whether equipment, pipelines, valves and the like of the corresponding experimental modules are in a required state according to a specific experimental instruction; preparing a sufficient amount of experimental raw materials; opening the centralized control system 10, and selecting a control interface of a corresponding experiment module; and (3) performing inching test operation or continuous test operation for no more than five minutes according to the specific conditions of the selected experimental module.
And guiding students to conduct experiments by referring to the experiment instruction book.
And after the experiment is finished, the selected experiment module, the centralized control system, the public engineering and the power supply and distribution system are recovered to the state before use.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (1)
1. The comprehensive experimental device for the process unit equipment is characterized by comprising a gas compression equipment experimental module, a liquid conveying equipment experimental module, a mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, a rectifying equipment experimental module, an absorption equipment experimental module, a heat transfer equipment experimental module, a valve performance experimental module, a pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experimental module, a public engineering system, a power supply and distribution system and a centralized control system;
the pipeline characteristics are connected with the flow pattern observation experiment module, the liquid conveying equipment experiment module, the mixing reaction and separation equipment experiment module, the rectifying equipment experiment module, the absorption equipment experiment module, the heat transfer equipment experiment module and the valve performance experiment module through pipeline systems in sequence to form an integrated system;
The comprehensive experiment device takes the ethanol solution rectification and tail gas absorption process flow as a main line, and comprises experimental modules such as gas compression equipment, liquid conveying equipment, mixing equipment, reaction equipment, separation equipment, rectification equipment, absorption equipment, heat transfer equipment, valves, pipeline characteristics, flow pattern observation and the like; different experimental modules in the comprehensive experimental device can run relatively independently under the regulation and control of the centralized control system to complete experimental projects of different types of process unit equipment, and also can run in a multi-module linkage manner to realize large comprehensive experiments of low-concentration ethanol solution preparation, preheating, rectification concentration and tail gas absorption;
the gas compression equipment experiment modules are arranged relatively and independently;
the utility system is connected with the gas compression equipment experimental module, the liquid conveying equipment experimental module, the mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, the rectifying equipment experimental module, the absorption equipment experimental module, the heat transfer equipment experimental module, the valve performance experimental module, the pipeline characteristics and the flow pattern observation experimental module respectively through at least one of the following pipelines:
a softened water experiment medium pipeline, a softened water circulation cooling medium pipeline and a steam heating medium pipeline;
The power supply and distribution system is relatively and independently arranged and is connected with the gas compression equipment experimental module, the liquid conveying equipment experimental module, the mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, the rectifying equipment experimental module, the absorption equipment experimental module, the heat transfer equipment experimental module, the valve performance experimental module and the pipeline characteristics, the flow pattern observation experimental module, the public engineering system and the centralized control system through power supply lines;
the centralized control system is relatively and independently arranged and is connected with the gas compression equipment experimental module, the liquid conveying equipment experimental module, the mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module, the rectifying equipment experimental module, the absorption equipment experimental module, the heat transfer equipment experimental module, the valve performance experimental module and the pipeline characteristics, the flow pattern observation experimental module, the public engineering system and the power supply and distribution system through communication lines;
the utility system comprises a steam generator, a water cooling tower, a set of water softening equipment, a softened water tank and a centrifugal water pump;
the steam generator can provide heat energy for the rectification equipment experimental module, the mixed reaction and separation equipment experimental module and the heat transfer equipment experimental module; the cooling tower can reduce the temperature of the circulating backwater, so that the circulating backwater is recovered to normal temperature, the water softening equipment can soften tap water, and the quality of the circulating water for experiments is improved;
The experimental module of the rectifying equipment comprises a set of plate-type tower rectifying system and a set of packing tower rectifying system, wherein the plate-type tower rectifying system comprises a plate-type tower, a platen-type tower bottom reboiler, a tubular heat exchanger, a platen-type tower top condenser, a platen-type tower top condensate storage tank, a platen-type tower bottom discharging centrifugal pump and a platen-type tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump, and the packing tower rectifying system comprises a packing tower, a packing tower bottom reboiler, a packing tower bottom discharging cooler, a packing tower top condenser, a packing tower top condensate storage tank, a packing tower bottom discharging centrifugal pump and a packing tower top condensate conveying centrifugal pump;
the experimental module of the absorption equipment comprises a set of plate tower absorption system and a set of packing tower absorption system, wherein the plate tower absorption system comprises a window visual plate tower, a set of air inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system, the packing tower absorption system comprises a window visual packing tower, a set of air inlet pipeline system and a set of liquid inlet pipeline system, the plate tower absorption system and the packing tower absorption system share a set of carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system, and the carbon dioxide mixed gas supply system comprises a Roots blower, an air storage tank, a carbon dioxide gas cylinder, a set of mixed gas configuration and metering system;
The experimental module of the mixing reaction and separation equipment comprises a vertical jacketed stirring reaction kettle, a static mixer, a softened water storage tank, a centrifugal water pump, a centrifugal ethanol pump, a mixed liquid conveying pump, a high-concentration ethanol storage tank, a mixed liquid storage tank, a flash evaporation gas condenser, a first raw material tank and a second raw material tank;
the steam generator in the public engineering system can provide heating steam for the vertical jacketed stirring reaction kettle through a steam conveying pipeline; the water softening equipment, the softened water tank and the centrifugal water pump in the public engineering system can provide circulating cooling water for the flash gas condenser through a pipeline system;
the liquid conveying equipment experiment module comprises a first centrifugal pump, a second centrifugal pump, a third centrifugal pump, a softened water storage tank, a screw pump, two electric regulating valves, two turbine flow meters and a set of pipeline system comprising a plurality of flow regulating valves and pressure and vacuum degree measuring instruments;
the pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module comprises a smooth pipe, a rough pipe, a local resistance pipe, a venturi pipe, a metering tank, a set of liquid flow regulating system, a set of gas flow regulating system, a set of pressure difference measuring system and a set of pipeline system comprising a plurality of valves, flow metering instruments and pressure and vacuum measuring instruments;
The experimental module of the heat transfer equipment comprises a tube type heat exchanger, a platen type heat exchanger, a spiral plate type heat exchanger, a double-pipe type heat exchanger and a valve group for realizing parallel flow and countercurrent heat exchange switching;
the valve performance experiment module comprises an equal-percentage type electric regulating valve, a quick-opening type electric regulating valve, a linear type electric regulating valve, a parabolic type electric regulating valve, a self-operated regulating valve and a valve group for realizing valve switching;
the gas compression equipment experimental module comprises a piston type air compressor, an air storage tank, a low-pressure tank, a nozzle and a set of pore plates;
the centralized control system comprises a PC and a plurality of data communication lines;
the power supply and distribution system comprises a strong current cabinet, a weak current cabinet and a PLC hardware module;
the liquid conveying equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: a single centrifugal pump performance curve measurement experiment, a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, a centrifugal pump constant pressure control experiment, a centrifugal pump constant flow control experiment, a water tank liquid level and flow cascade control experiment, a flow meter correction experiment, a series performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, a parallel performance experiment of two centrifugal pumps, and a power and efficiency characteristic comparison experiment of the centrifugal pumps and the screw pump under the same flow;
The experimental module of the mixing reaction and separation equipment can at least complete the following experiments: the binary system mixing experiment, the binary system flash separation experiment, the mixing effect contrast experiment of the stirring equipment and the static mixer, and the 2-4 component chemical reaction effect contrast experiment of the stirring equipment and the static mixer can be designed and developed, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: mixing performance experiment of stirring equipment, mixing reaction process experiment of static mixing equipment, mixing performance experiment of static mixing equipment, mixing characteristic comparison experiment of stirring equipment and static mixing equipment, reaction characteristic comparison experiment of stirring equipment and static mixing equipment, flash separation experiment;
the rectification equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: plate tower total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, packed tower total reflux and partial reflux rectification experiment, plate tower and packed tower parallel operation rectification experiment, plate tower and packed tower serial operation rectification experiment;
the absorption equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: the method comprises an absorption experiment and a carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment of rectification operation tail gas containing low-concentration ethanol vapor, and can complete a plate column mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment, a plate column hydraulic property measurement experiment, a packing column mass transfer efficiency measurement experiment and a packing column hydraulic property measurement experiment, wherein the absorption experiment and the carbon dioxide gas absorption experiment of the rectification operation tail gas containing low-concentration ethanol vapor comprise a plate column absorption experiment, a packing column absorption experiment, a plate column and packing column parallel operation absorption experiment and a plate column and packing column serial operation absorption experiment;
The heat transfer equipment experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: the heat exchange medium is hot water at 55-95 ℃ and cold water at normal temperature-35 ℃, and the heat exchanger type comprises but is not limited to the following types: a shell and tube heat exchanger, a spiral plate heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger and a double-pipe heat exchanger;
the valve performance experiment module can at least complete the following experiments: ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of the equal percentage type valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of the linear valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of the quick-opening valve, ideal flow characteristics and working flow characteristics of the parabolic valve, constant pressure valve, single loop pressure control and single loop flow control;
the pipeline characteristic and flow pattern observation experiment module can at least complete the following experiment: single-phase fluid flow pattern observation experiment, gas-liquid mixed flow pattern observation experiment, smooth pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, rough pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, local resistance pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment, venturi pipe line characteristic curve measurement experiment;
The gas compression equipment experimental module can at least complete the following experiments: and (3) a piston compressor indicator diagram test experiment, a piston compressor exhaust gas displacement measurement experiment and an orifice plate impact experiment on the air flow pulsation of the piston compressor.
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