CN107356956B - A kind of laser-ultrasound experimental system of relief surface physical model - Google Patents
A kind of laser-ultrasound experimental system of relief surface physical model Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356956B CN107356956B CN201610301199.0A CN201610301199A CN107356956B CN 107356956 B CN107356956 B CN 107356956B CN 201610301199 A CN201610301199 A CN 201610301199A CN 107356956 B CN107356956 B CN 107356956B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of laser-ultrasound experimental system of relief surface physical model, which includes laser, duster, laser vibration measurer and earthquake model: laser and duster are installed together, and the top on earthquake model surface is arranged in；Duster is used to spray little power to the excitation point on earthquake model surface, and laser is used to emit laser to the excitation point on earthquake model surface；The top on earthquake model surface is arranged in laser vibration measurer, for receiving ultrasonic wave.System of the invention passes through the control to laser to tested curved surface object output energy mode, high density, broadband and three-component acquisition can be carried out to curved surface model ultrasonic reflection signal, can in laboratory real simulation field seismic signal generation process and collection process.
Description
Technical field
The geophysical model Experimental Ultrasonic system based on laser-ultrasound that the present invention relates to a kind of belongs to vibration detection neck
Domain.
Background technique
Ultrasonic earthquake physical model experiment is the propagation by ultrasonic wave in geological model, to seismic wave in various complexity
Propagation in geologic body carries out indoor simulation observation, and carries out study of seismology according to observed result.Currently used ultrasonic wave
Detection method generally uses piezoelectric ultrasonic probe to carry out ultrasonic wave transmitting and reception.When being measured to solid material,
Transmitting probe and receiving transducer are close to testee surface.Electric signal (generally burst pulse) is converted to ultrasonic wave letter by emitting head
Number, and receive head and ultrasonic signal is then converted into electric signal.Due in terms of the principle, probe emitting portion contact surface compared with
Greatly and shear wave and longitudinal wave cannot be emitted to same point simultaneously.When being detected to curved surface solid geological model, probe and model
Surface coupling effect is poor, can not even couple sometimes.In addition, ultrasonic probe can only carry out narrow emission or reception, therefore survey
Amount cannot reflect the transmitting of field construction wideband and received actual conditions.
Laser-ultrasound and detection method solve the problems, such as above substantially.So-called laser-ultrasound and detection method are exactly to use
Laser light incident generates various ultrasonic waves (mainly having longitudinal wave, shear wave and surface wave) to model surface, and is detected with laser vibration measurer
The vibration that this ultrasonic wave generates.It is a kind of non-contact, high-precision, broadband, more waves, undamaged novel ultrasonic detection technique.
Its excitation ultrasound wave in being detected model using laser pulse, and with the propagation of laser vibration measurer detecting ultrasonic wave, to obtain
Situation is filled in the characteristic information for taking earthquake model, the distribution of structure, model inner layers speed and slit or fluid such as model
Deng.Since coupled problem is not present for measurement of curved surface in the focus point very little of Laser emission.
But when using laser-ultrasound progress ultrasound earthquake physical model experiment, there is also some problems below.
Firstly, laser-ultrasound, which acts on equal excitation by thermoelastic effect or ablation, goes out ultrasonic wave.The former not damage model table
Face but transmission power is low；The latter's transmission power is big but can damage model surface；When carrying out the experiment of large-sized model laser-ultrasound, due to
The larger problem of the transmission power needed shows more obvious.
Secondly, the method that some experiments use surface spraying protective layer acts on ablation in order to protect model surface
Model surface will not be acted on.But since ultrasonic earthquake physical model experiment generally requires to carry out repeatedly on a launch point
Transmitting, after protective layer is breakdown, model can be still destroyed.In addition, detection is with transmitting in same when due to detection back wave
Surface is equivalent to model and has added one layer in addition protective layer is rear.Wave detection environment changes, and affects the true of signal detection
Actual effect fruit.
How to guarantee that laser-ultrasound can be carried out multiple high-power transmitting in the case where not damage model surface is to carry out ground
Shake simulated experiment problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned problem existing in the prior art, a kind of relief surface physical model is provided
Laser-ultrasound experimental system.The present invention can guarantee laser-ultrasound is high-power, multiple transmitting in the case where not damage model table
Face, and can be carried out high density, high-precision, the measurement of more wave ultrasound earthquake physical model experiments.
The present invention constructs a kind of new seismic model experiment system by the specially treated for emitting laser-ultrasound and detecting
System.The system, can be to curved surface model ultrasonic reflection by the control to laser to tested curved surface object output energy mode
Signal carry out high density, broadband and Duo Bo acquisition, can in laboratory real simulation field seismic signal generation process
And collection process.By this kind of seismic experiment and later period seismic data process, the characteristic of relief surface earthquake model can be obtained
Information, such as structure, model inner layers speed, slit distribution, the fluid filling situation of model.These data are for instructing open country
Outer seismic prospecting and other geophysical methods research.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of laser-ultrasound experimental system of relief surface physical model is provided, this is
System includes laser, duster, laser vibration measurer and earthquake model:
Laser and duster are installed together, and the top on earthquake model surface is arranged in；
Duster is used to spray little power to the excitation point on earthquake model surface, and laser is used for earthquake model surface
Excitation point emits laser；
The top on earthquake model surface is arranged in laser vibration measurer, for receiving ultrasonic wave.
Further, laser vibration measurer laser and duster are mounted in the one or three axis positioning device, pass through the one or three
Axis positioning device is mobile in the top on earthquake model surface.
Further, laser vibration measurer is mounted in the two or three axis positioning device, by the two or three axis positioning device on ground
The top for shaking model surface is mobile.
Further, laser is burst pulse high power laser.
Further, earthquake model is nonmetallic materials composition.
Further, earthquake model surface is curved surface or plane.
Further, laser vibration measurer is one-dimensional vibration testing equipment or three-dimensional vibrating detection device.
Further, little power is sprayed to the excitation point on earthquake model surface with duster；Laser is to earthquake model table
The excitation point in face emits laser, and light beam is absorbed rapidly by powder, forms the plasma sharply expanded, generates shock wave；Laser
Vialog receives the shock wave of reflection；By repeatedly emitting laser, mobile laser vibration measurer to the excitation point on earthquake model surface
It is received in the multiple receiving points in earthquake model surface, synthesizes the effect of multicast.
Further, n test point p1-pn is arranged on earthquake model surface, will be swashed by the one or three axis positioning device
Light device and duster move to pi point, laser vibration measurer are moved to pj point by the two or three axis positioning device, wherein 1≤i, j≤n；
It is dusted with duster to pi point is micro；Emit laser to pi point with laser；Laser vibration measurer receives ultrasonic wave in pj point.
Further, laser vibration measurer is moved to by pj+1 point by the two or three axis positioning device, wherein j+1 is not more than n, uses
Duster dusts to pi point is micro；Emit laser to pi point with laser；Laser vibration measurer receives ultrasonic wave in p j+1 point.
Compared with prior art, that the present invention overcomes common laser ultrasound emission energy is inadequate or too strong, cannot not break
The disadvantages of fixed point is repeatedly excited under the requirement of bad model surface.With on ultrasonic earthquake physical simulation experiment, can obtain
To broadband, involve high density and high-precision testing result more.
Specifically, the process of relief surface seismic prospecting construction can be simulated using the present invention；It can be into using the present invention
Row high density Quick Acquisition, can collect enough high accuracy datas, pass through the available clearly stratigraphic structure of post-processing
Image；It can emit and receive the more wave signals of wideband, can be used for the research of reservoir lithology and oil-gas possibility etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Disclosure illustrative embodiments are described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the disclosure above-mentioned and its
Its purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein in disclosure illustrative embodiments, identical reference label
Typically represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the basic schematic diagram of the laser-ultrasound experimental system of relief surface physical model according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the lab diagram of laser-ultrasound experimental system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The attached figures are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitating the patent；In order to better illustrate this embodiment, attached
Scheme certain components to have omission, zoom in or out, does not represent the size of actual product；To those skilled in the art,
The omitting of some known structures and their instructions in the attached drawings are understandable；The same or similar label corresponds to same or similar
Component；The terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustration, should not be understood as the limitation to this patent.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in attached drawing
Preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without the embodiment party that should be illustrated here
Formula is limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more thorough and complete, and can be by the disclosure
Range is completely communicated to those skilled in the art.
The present invention realizes one kind by combining Laser Ultrasonic Technique, three axis location technologies and vibration measurement with laser technology
Relief surface earthquake model experimental system based on laser-ultrasound.By using Miniature powder-spraying apparatus, burst pulse high power laser,
The multiple means such as laser vibration measurer and three Shaft fixed position modules collectively form complete set it is a kind of based on laser-ultrasound it is quick,
In high precision, more wave detections and lossless earthquake model experimental systems, can be applied to the ground of relief surface model and plane terrain model
Shake model Physical Experiment.
The present invention provides a kind of laser-ultrasound experimental system of relief surface physical model, which includes laser, spray
Powder device, laser vibration measurer and earthquake model: laser and duster are installed together, and the top on earthquake model surface is arranged in；
Duster is used to spray little power to the excitation point on earthquake model surface, and laser is used to send out to the excitation point on earthquake model surface
Penetrate laser；The top on earthquake model surface is arranged in laser vibration measurer, for receiving ultrasonic wave.
Further, laser vibration measurer laser and duster are mounted in the one or three axis positioning device, pass through the one or three
Axis positioning device is mobile in the top on earthquake model surface.
Further, laser vibration measurer is mounted in the two or three axis positioning device, by the two or three axis positioning device on ground
The top for shaking model surface is mobile.
A concrete application example is given below in the scheme and its effect of the embodiment of the present invention for ease of understanding.This field
It should be understood to the one skilled in the art that the example is only for the purposes of understanding the present invention, any detail is not intended to be limited in any way
The system present invention.
Basic principle of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.It include laser 1, duster 2, laser vibration measurer 3, earthquake in 1 in figure
Model surface 4, laser 1 are used to emit laser to the excitation point on earthquake model surface 4, and duster 2 is used for earthquake model table
Little power is sprayed in face 4, and laser vibration measurer 3 is for receiving shock wave.
Optionally, laser 1 generally uses high-energy narrow pulse laser.Earthquake model is generally nonmetallic materials structure
At earthquake model surface 4 can be curved surface, be also possible to plane.Laser vibration measurer 3 can be one-dimensional vibration detection and set
It is standby, it can also be with three-dimensional vibrating detection device.
The basic experiment process of earthquake model is as follows: being sprayed first with duster 2 to the excitation point on earthquake model surface 4 micro
Powder.In the present embodiment, white cement powder perhaps fine sand or similar material be can use.The particle size range of powder can
To choose as needed, when the granularity of powder is smaller, when powder is thinner, required laser energy is smaller, therewith powder
The shock wave of generation to penetrate effect also poorer.When the particle of powder is larger, required laser energy is also big, therewith powder gas
Change the shock wave generated to penetrate effect also better.
Then laser 1 emits laser to the excitation point on earthquake model surface 4, and the light beam of high-energy laser transmitting is by powder
It is last to absorb rapidly, the plasma sharply expanded is formed, generates shock wave, which is passed to inside earthquake model, by anti-
It is emitted back towards earthquake model surface 4, can be received by laser vibration measurer 3.It, can be to avoid earthquake model since light impulse length is sufficiently narrow
The heat accumulation that surface 4 is destroyed.Due to all spraying little power to launch point before emitting laser every time, which can repeatedly be sent out
It penetrates without destroying earthquake model surface 4.
When carrying out field seismic prospecting, multicast mode is generally used, i.e. the multiple sensors of big gun explosion time connect simultaneously
It receives.But when carrying out laser-ultrasound seismic model experiment in laboratory due to economic cause and space are narrow etc. it is general only
There is a receiving device, therefore, in order to achieve the effect that multicast, the method for generalling use a hair one receipts, i.e., in a certain mould
Quasi- shot point repeatedly triggers, and mobile receiving device receives in each simulation receiving point, is finally synthesizing the effect of multicast.Then it moves
Then dynamic emitter repeats collection process above to next simulation shot point.
Referring to Fig. 2, actual experiment flow is described, laser 1 and duster 2 are mounted in the one or three axis positioning device 5,
Mobile by the one or three axis positioning device 5, laser vibration measurer 3 is mounted in the two or three axis positioning device 6, fixed by the two or three axis
Position device 6 is mobile.
1. arranging n test point p1-pn on earthquake model surface 4, by from left to right, sort from top to bottom；If 1≤i,
j≦n；
2. laser 1 and duster 2 are moved to pi point by the one or three axis positioning device 5；
3. laser vibration measurer 3 is moved to pj point by the two or three axis positioning device 6；
4. duster 2 dusts to pi point is micro；
5. laser 1 emits laser to pi point；
6. laser vibration measurer 3 receives ultrasonic wave (including back wave, surface wave etc.) in pj point；
7. 3. j=j+1 is gone to if no more than n；
8. 2. i=i+1 is gone to if no more than n；
9. experiment terminates.
That the present invention overcomes common laser ultrasound emission energy is inadequate or too strong, cannot be in the requirement on not damage model surface
Under the disadvantages of fixed point is repeatedly excited.With on ultrasonic earthquake physical simulation experiment, can obtain broadband, involve more it is highly dense
Degree and high-precision testing result.
Specifically, the process of relief surface seismic prospecting construction can be simulated using the present invention；It can be into using the present invention
Row high density Quick Acquisition, can collect enough high accuracy datas, pass through the available clearly stratigraphic structure of post-processing
Image；It can emit and receive the more wave signals of wideband, can be used for the research of reservoir lithology and oil-gas possibility etc..
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of laser-ultrasound experimental system of relief surface physical model, which is characterized in that the system includes laser, dusts
Device, laser vibration measurer and earthquake model:
Laser and duster are installed together, and the top on earthquake model surface is arranged in；
Duster is used to spray little power to the excitation point on earthquake model surface, and laser is for the excitation to earthquake model surface
Point transmitting laser；
The top on earthquake model surface is arranged in laser vibration measurer, for receiving ultrasonic wave；
Wherein, little power being sprayed to excitation point before transmitting laser every time, the light beam of laser transmitting can be absorbed rapidly by powder,
The plasma sharply expanded is formed, shock wave is generated.
2. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser vibration measurer laser and duster
It is mounted in the one or three axis positioning device, it is mobile in the top on earthquake model surface by the one or three axis positioning device.
3. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that laser vibration measurer is mounted on the two or three axis
It is mobile in the top on earthquake model surface by the two or three axis positioning device in positioning device.
4. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser is burst pulse high power laser
Device.
5. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that earthquake model is nonmetallic materials structure
At.
6. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that earthquake model surface is curved surface or flat
Face.
7. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that laser vibration measurer is one-dimensional vibration detection
Equipment or three-dimensional vibrating detection device.
8. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that with duster to earthquake model surface
Excitation point sprays little power；
By repeatedly emitting laser to the excitation point on earthquake model surface, mobile laser vibration measurer is connect earthquake model surface is multiple
It is received on sink, synthesizes the effect of multicast.
9. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that arrange n on earthquake model surface
Laser and duster are moved to pi point by the one or three axis positioning device, pass through the two or three axis positioning device by test point p1-pn
Laser vibration measurer is moved into pj point, wherein 1≤i, j≤n；
It is dusted with duster to pi point is micro；
Emit laser to pi point with laser；
Laser vibration measurer receives ultrasonic wave in pj point.
10. laser-ultrasound experimental system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that will by the two or three axis positioning device
Laser vibration measurer moves to pj+1 point, and wherein j+1 is not more than n,
It is dusted with duster to pi point is micro；
Emit laser to pi point with laser；
Laser vibration measurer receives ultrasonic wave in pj+1 point.
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| CN102053254A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Laser ultrasonic detection system and detection method thereof |
| CN104520942A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-04-15 | 阿海珐有限公司 | Systems and methods for canister inspection, preparation, and maintenance |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7605924B2 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2009-10-20 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Laser-ultrasound inspection using infrared thermography |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102053254A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Laser ultrasonic detection system and detection method thereof |
| CN104520942A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2015-04-15 | 阿海珐有限公司 | Systems and methods for canister inspection, preparation, and maintenance |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 固体地质模型激光超声波检测系统;宗遐龄 等;《仪器仪表学报》;20100430;第31卷(第4期);第159-161页 |
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