CN107356421B - Portable main shaft test fixture of underwater friction stitch welding machine - Google Patents
Portable main shaft test fixture of underwater friction stitch welding machine Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0411—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及水下摩擦叠焊机，更具体的说，是涉及一种便携式水下摩擦叠焊机主轴试验夹具。The present invention relates to an underwater friction stack welding machine, and more specifically, to a portable underwater friction stack welding machine spindle test fixture.
背景技术Background technique
水下摩擦叠焊机主要面向海洋管状物的修复，其在海底作业时，需要满足安全、可靠、经济等性能要求。水下摩擦叠焊机在水下作业，具有对水深不敏感，焊接变形小，高效率、低能耗等优点，因此近些年得到广泛应用。主轴是水下摩擦叠焊机的关键性部件，水下作业时，主轴的性能会对焊接效果、焊接可靠性有很大的影响。因此，在水下摩擦叠焊机进行水下实际修复作业前，需要检测主轴的性能如旋转精度、抗振性、高压密封性、耐腐蚀、耐磨性等性能。利用水下摩擦叠焊机在实际情况下直接对主轴性能进行测试，需要花费高昂的成本且使用不方便，因此设计一种水下摩擦叠焊机的主轴试验夹具是十分必要的。Underwater friction stack welding machines are mainly used for the repair of marine tubular objects. When operating on the seabed, they need to meet performance requirements such as safety, reliability, and economy. The underwater friction stack welding machine operates underwater and has the advantages of being insensitive to water depth, small welding deformation, high efficiency, and low energy consumption, so it has been widely used in recent years. The spindle is a key component of the underwater friction stack welding machine. During underwater operations, the performance of the spindle will have a great impact on the welding effect and welding reliability. Therefore, before carrying out actual underwater repair operations on an underwater friction stack welding machine, it is necessary to test the performance of the spindle, such as rotation accuracy, vibration resistance, high-pressure sealing, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and other properties. Using an underwater friction stack welding machine to directly test the spindle performance under actual conditions requires high costs and is inconvenient to use. Therefore, it is necessary to design a spindle test fixture for the underwater friction stack welding machine.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种便携式水下摩擦叠焊机主轴试验夹具，配合水槽和压力舱可以方便完成水下摩擦叠焊机主轴性能的检测，并且可以满足进行现场摩擦叠焊机主轴性能的测试需求，具有便于携带、方便操作安装、节约成本等特点。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a portable underwater friction stack welding machine spindle test fixture, which can conveniently complete the testing of the underwater friction stack welding machine spindle performance when combined with a water tank and a pressure chamber, and can satisfy The on-site friction stack welding machine spindle performance test needs to be carried out, and it has the characteristics of portability, convenient operation and installation, and cost saving.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的。The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
一种便携式水下摩擦叠焊机主轴试验夹具，由夹具本体构成，所述夹具本体包括平行设置的两个立板，两个立板上部之间垂直设置有两个油缸固定板，两个油缸固定板之间设置有两个夹块，两个夹块上下两侧均设置有调整基板，两个夹块之间设置有滑块内圈，所述滑块内圈和夹块之间设置有锁紧夹条，所述滑块内圈内部设置摩擦叠焊机主轴，所述摩擦叠焊机主轴上下两端分别穿过调整基板；A portable underwater friction stack welding machine spindle test fixture is composed of a fixture body. The fixture body includes two vertical plates arranged in parallel. Two oil cylinder fixing plates are vertically arranged between the upper parts of the two vertical plates. The two oil cylinders Two clamping blocks are arranged between the fixed plates, and adjustment base plates are arranged on both upper and lower sides of the two clamping blocks. A slider inner ring is arranged between the two clamping blocks, and a slider inner ring is arranged between the slider inner ring and the clamping block. Lock the clamping bar, and a friction stack welding machine spindle is provided inside the inner ring of the slider. The upper and lower ends of the friction stack welding machine spindle pass through the adjustment base plate respectively;
每个立板底部均连接有抱紧板，所述立板底部和抱紧板顶部均设置有弧形槽，所述抱紧板一端通过连接转轴与立板铰接，另一端通过锁紧螺栓和螺母与立板锁合，所述抱紧板和立板相对开合，抱紧管道；所述立板和抱紧板外侧均设置有固定凸块，两个固定凸块之间设置有开合液压缸和液压缸拉杆，所述液压缸拉杆和开合液压缸进行旋转和推拉双向运动，实现抱紧板、立板与管道的自动卡紧与张开。A holding plate is connected to the bottom of each vertical plate. The bottom of the vertical plate and the top of the holding plate are provided with arc-shaped grooves. One end of the holding plate is hinged to the vertical plate through a connecting shaft, and the other end is connected to the vertical plate through a locking bolt and The nut is locked with the vertical plate, and the holding plate and the vertical plate open and close relative to each other to hold the pipe tightly; fixed bumps are provided on the outsides of the vertical plate and the holding plate, and an opening and closing plate is provided between the two fixed bumps. The hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic cylinder pull rod, the hydraulic cylinder pull rod and the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder perform rotation and push-pull bidirectional motion to realize automatic clamping and opening of the holding plate, vertical plate and pipe.
所述立板和油缸固定板之间通过螺栓进行锁紧，所述立板上设置有定位孔，所述油缸固定板侧面设置有螺纹孔，且立板上的定位孔数量大于油缸固定板上的螺纹孔数量；所述立板内侧焊接有挡片，且挡片位于油缸固定板的外侧。The vertical plate and the oil cylinder fixed plate are locked by bolts. The vertical plate is provided with positioning holes. The side of the oil cylinder fixed plate is provided with threaded holes, and the number of positioning holes on the vertical plate is greater than that on the oil cylinder fixed plate. The number of threaded holes; a baffle is welded on the inside of the vertical plate, and the baffle is located on the outside of the cylinder fixed plate.
所述夹块和油缸固定板通过螺栓进行锁紧，所述油缸固定板设置有定位孔，所述定位孔设置为U型孔，所述夹块设置有螺纹孔。The clamp block and the oil cylinder fixing plate are locked by bolts. The oil cylinder fixing plate is provided with a positioning hole. The positioning hole is a U-shaped hole. The clamp block is provided with a threaded hole.
每个夹块的前后端面分别设置有两个夹块托，两个夹块托卡设于油缸固定板的上下两端；每个夹块侧面均设置有横向顶紧螺栓，通过设置于立板上的螺栓孔，对夹块进行顶紧，所述横向顶紧螺栓穿过夹块顶紧锁紧夹条。The front and rear end faces of each clamping block are respectively provided with two clamping block holders, and the two clamping block holders are mounted on the upper and lower ends of the cylinder fixed plate; each clamping block is provided with transverse tightening bolts on the side, which are mounted on the vertical plate. The bolt holes on the clamp block are used to tighten the clamping block, and the transverse tightening bolts pass through the clamping block to tighten the locking clamp bar.
所述滑块内圈的上下表面均设置有螺栓孔，所述滑块内圈和调整基板之间通过纵向顶紧螺栓进行连接，通过螺栓和主轴连接法兰对摩擦叠焊机主轴进行锁紧安装，所述摩擦叠焊机主轴底部设置的焊接塞棒穿过调整基板。Bolt holes are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner ring of the slider. The inner ring of the slider and the adjustment base plate are connected through longitudinal tightening bolts. The spindle of the friction stack welding machine is locked through the bolts and the spindle connecting flange. During installation, the welding plug rod provided at the bottom of the spindle of the friction stack welding machine passes through the adjustment base plate.
所述固定凸块上均设置有定位安装孔，所述开合液压缸一端通过锁紧螺钉和螺母与立板上固定凸块进行连接，另一端与液压缸拉杆连接，所述液压缸拉杆另一端通过旋转轴和螺母与抱紧板上固定凸块进行连接；所述开合液压缸上设置有进油口和出油口。The fixed bumps are all provided with positioning installation holes. One end of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fixed bump on the vertical plate through a locking screw and nut, and the other end is connected to a hydraulic cylinder tie rod. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder tie rod is One end is connected to the fixed bump on the holding plate through a rotating shaft and a nut; the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet.
所述立板侧面焊接有吊耳，所述立板上的弧形槽和抱紧板上的弧形槽内部均设置有用于夹紧管道的护管块。Lifting lugs are welded to the side of the vertical plate, and pipe protection blocks for clamping pipes are provided inside the arc-shaped grooves on the vertical plate and the arc-shaped grooves on the holding plate.
与现有技术相比，本发明的技术方案所带来的有益效果是：Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the present invention are:
(1)本发明中，立板和抱紧板侧面设置有固定凸块，两个固定凸块之间设置有开合液压缸和液压缸拉杆，用于抱紧板、立板与管道的自动卡紧与张开；固定凸台上设有定位安装孔，用于液压缸拉杆和开合液压缸的锁紧定位，液压缸拉杆17通过旋转轴16利用螺母与抱紧板上固定凸块进行连接，开合液压缸通过锁紧螺钉利用螺母与立板上固定凸块进行连接，所述锁紧螺钉不是全螺纹，目的是为了使液压缸拉杆和开合液压缸可进行旋转；开合液压缸设有进油口、出油口，目的是为了使液压缸拉杆可以进行推拉双向运动，开合液压缸和主轴端部均密封良好；(1) In the present invention, fixed bumps are provided on the sides of the vertical plate and the holding plate, and an opening and closing hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder pull rod are provided between the two fixed bumps for automatic movement of the holding plate, vertical plate and pipes. Clamping and opening; the fixed boss is provided with positioning mounting holes for locking and positioning the hydraulic cylinder pull rod and the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17 is connected through the rotating shaft 16 using nuts and fixed bumps on the clamping plate. Connection, the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fixed bump on the vertical plate through a locking screw and a nut. The locking screw is not fully threaded, and the purpose is to allow the hydraulic cylinder tie rod and the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder to rotate; the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder The cylinder is equipped with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, so that the hydraulic cylinder pull rod can perform push-pull two-way movement, and the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder and the end of the main shaft are well sealed;
(2)本发明中，立板与油缸固定板通过设置在立板上的定位孔，利用螺栓进行锁紧，设置于立板上的定位孔数量多于油缸固定板上的螺纹孔数目，可以调节油缸固定板的z方向位置；立板内侧焊接挡片，保证了油缸固定板的y方向位置刚度；(2) In the present invention, the vertical plate and the oil cylinder fixing plate are locked with bolts through positioning holes provided on the vertical plate. The number of positioning holes provided on the vertical plate is greater than the number of threaded holes on the oil cylinder fixing plate. It can be Adjust the z-direction position of the oil cylinder fixed plate; weld the stopper on the inside of the vertical plate to ensure the y-direction positional stiffness of the oil cylinder fixed plate;
(3)本发明中，夹块与夹块托通过螺栓进行连接，每个夹块拥有四个夹块托，保证了夹块的z方向位置刚度；每个夹块侧面设置顶紧螺栓，通过设置于立板上的定位孔，对夹块进行顶紧，保证了夹块的x方向位置刚度；(3) In the present invention, the clamping block and the clamping block holder are connected by bolts. Each clamping block has four clamping block holders, which ensures the positional stiffness of the clamping block in the z direction; a tightening bolt is provided on the side of each clamping block. The positioning holes provided on the vertical plate tighten the clamping block to ensure the x-direction positional stiffness of the clamping block;
(4)本发明中，滑块内圈主要用于摩擦叠焊机主轴的定位安装，在其上下表面都设置螺栓孔，目的是为了摩擦叠焊机主轴通过主轴连接法兰，利用螺栓对摩擦叠焊机主轴进行锁紧安装；滑块内圈上下侧利用纵向顶紧螺栓与调整基板进行连接顶紧；(4) In the present invention, the inner ring of the slider is mainly used for the positioning and installation of the main shaft of the friction stack welding machine. Bolt holes are provided on its upper and lower surfaces. The purpose is to connect the main shaft of the friction stack welding machine to the flange through the spindle and use the bolts to The main shaft of the stack welding machine is locked and installed; the upper and lower sides of the inner ring of the slider are connected and tightened with the adjusting base plate using longitudinal tightening bolts;
(5)本发明中，立板底部弧形槽和抱紧板顶部弧形槽均设置护管套，立板、抱紧板与管道之间利用护管块进行夹紧；护管块弧形宽度大于立板和抱紧板宽度，目的是为了保证与管道的平稳夹紧；(5) In the present invention, the arc groove at the bottom of the vertical plate and the arc groove at the top of the holding plate are equipped with pipe protection sleeves, and the pipe protection blocks are used for clamping between the vertical plate, the holding plate and the pipe; the arc-shaped pipe protection block The width is larger than the width of the vertical plate and the holding plate, in order to ensure smooth clamping with the pipe;
(6)本发明中，可以实现水下摩擦叠焊机主轴性能的测试，该夹具可以保证主轴运转的静刚度、抗振稳定性、密封性以及耐磨性等性能，并且具有安装快速、平稳，易于拆卸等特点，便于携带，适合现场作业，可以实现对主轴密封性能、耐压性等进行水下测试。(6) In the present invention, the performance of the spindle of the underwater friction stack welding machine can be tested. The fixture can ensure the static stiffness, anti-vibration stability, sealing and wear resistance of the spindle operation, and has fast and stable installation. , easy to disassemble and other features, easy to carry, suitable for on-site operations, and can conduct underwater testing of the spindle sealing performance, pressure resistance, etc.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的总体结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明的沿主轴的局部x向剖视图；；Figure 2 is a partial x-direction cross-sectional view along the main axis of the present invention;;
图3为本发明安装之前状态示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the state before installation of the present invention;
图4为本发明的开合液压缸原理图；Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
图5为本发明在水槽中结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in a water tank;
图6为本发明的具体应用图。Figure 6 is a specific application diagram of the present invention.
附图标记:1-摩擦叠焊机主轴；2-纵向顶紧螺栓；3-调整基板；4-夹块； 5-油缸固定板；6-夹块托；7-横向顶紧螺栓；8-立板；9-挡片；10-焊接塞棒；11-护管块；12-管道；13-锁紧螺栓；14-抱紧板；15-固定凸台；16-旋转轴； 17-液压缸拉杆；18-开合液压缸；19-锁紧螺钉；20-出油口；21-滑块内圈； 22-锁紧夹条；23-主轴连接法兰；24-进油口；25-吊耳；26-水槽；27-压力舱； 28-脚轮；29-连接转轴。Reference signs: 1-spindle of friction stack welding machine; 2-longitudinal tightening bolt; 3-adjusting base plate; 4-clamp; 5-cylinder fixed plate; 6-clamp bracket; 7-transverse tightening bolt; 8- Vertical plate; 9-baffle; 10-welded plug rod; 11-pipe protection block; 12-pipe; 13-locking bolt; 14-holding plate; 15-fixed boss; 16-rotating axis; 17-hydraulic Cylinder tie rod; 18-opening and closing hydraulic cylinder; 19-locking screw; 20-oil outlet; 21-slider inner ring; 22-locking clamp bar; 23-spindle connecting flange; 24-oil inlet; 25 -Lifting lugs; 26-sink; 27-pressure chamber; 28-casters; 29-connecting shaft.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的便携式水下摩擦叠焊机主轴试验夹具做出详细说明。The portable underwater friction stack welding machine spindle test fixture of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1至图3所示，本发明的便携式水下摩擦叠焊机主轴试验夹具，由夹具本体构成，所述夹具本体包括平行设置的两个立板8，两个立板8上部之间垂直设置有两个油缸固定板5，两个油缸固定板5之间设置有两个夹块4，两个夹块 4上下两侧均设置有调整基板3，两个夹块4之间设置有一个滑块内圈21，所述滑块内圈21和夹块4之间设置有一个锁紧夹条22，所述滑块内圈21内部设置摩擦叠焊机主轴1，所述摩擦叠焊机主轴1底部设置有焊接塞棒10，所述摩擦叠焊机主轴1上下两端分别穿过调整基板3，焊接塞棒10穿过调整基板3。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the portable underwater friction stack welding machine spindle test fixture of the present invention is composed of a fixture body. The fixture body includes two vertical plates 8 arranged in parallel. Between the upper parts of the two vertical plates 8 Two oil cylinder fixing plates 5 are arranged vertically. Two clamping blocks 4 are arranged between the two oil cylinder fixing plates 5. Adjustment base plates 3 are arranged on both upper and lower sides of the two clamping blocks 4. There are two clamping blocks 4 between the two clamping blocks 4. A slider inner ring 21. A locking clamp bar 22 is provided between the slider inner ring 21 and the clamping block 4. A friction stack welding machine spindle 1 is provided inside the slider inner ring 21. The friction stack welding machine A welding plug rod 10 is provided at the bottom of the machine main shaft 1. The upper and lower ends of the friction stack welding machine main shaft 1 pass through the adjustment base plate 3 respectively, and the welding plug rod 10 passes through the adjustment base plate 3.
每个立板8底部均连接有抱紧板14，所述立板8底部和抱紧板14顶部均设置有弧形槽，所述抱紧板14一端通过连接转轴29与立板8进行铰接，另一端通过锁紧螺栓13和螺母与立板8进行锁合，所述抱紧板14和立板8相对开合，抱紧管道12，所述锁紧螺栓13不是全螺纹。所述立板8和抱紧板14外侧均设置有固定凸块15，两个固定凸块15之间设置有开合液压缸18和液压缸拉杆17，用于抱紧板14、立板8与管道12的自动卡紧与张开。A holding plate 14 is connected to the bottom of each vertical plate 8. The bottom of the vertical plate 8 and the top of the holding plate 14 are provided with arcuate grooves. One end of the holding plate 14 is hinged with the vertical plate 8 through a connecting shaft 29. , the other end is locked with the vertical plate 8 through the locking bolt 13 and the nut. The holding plate 14 and the vertical plate 8 open and close relative to each other to hold the pipe 12 tightly. The locking bolt 13 is not fully threaded. Fixed bumps 15 are provided on the outer sides of the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate 14. An opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 and a hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17 are provided between the two fixed bumps 15 for holding the plate 14 and the vertical plate 8. Automatic clamping and opening of pipe 12.
所述立板8上可设置有定位孔，所述油缸固定板5侧面设置有螺纹孔，所述立板8和油缸固定板5之间通过螺栓进行锁紧，所述立板8上的定位孔数量大于油缸固定板5上的螺纹孔数量，目的是可以调节油缸固定板5的z方向位置。所述立板8内侧焊接有挡片9，且挡片9位于油缸固定板5的外侧，目的是为了保证油缸固定板5的y方向位置刚度。The vertical plate 8 can be provided with positioning holes, and the side of the oil cylinder fixed plate 5 is provided with threaded holes. The vertical plate 8 and the oil cylinder fixed plate 5 are locked by bolts. The positioning holes on the vertical plate 8 The number of holes is greater than the number of threaded holes on the oil cylinder fixing plate 5, and the purpose is to adjust the z-direction position of the oil cylinder fixing plate 5. A baffle 9 is welded to the inner side of the vertical plate 8 , and the baffle 9 is located outside the cylinder fixing plate 5 , in order to ensure the positional rigidity of the cylinder fixing plate 5 in the y direction.
所述油缸固定板5设置有定位孔，所述定位孔设置为U型孔，所述夹块4 设置有螺纹孔。所述夹块4与油缸固定板5，通过设置在油缸固定板5上的定位孔，利用螺栓进行锁紧。The oil cylinder fixing plate 5 is provided with a positioning hole, which is a U-shaped hole, and the clamping block 4 is provided with a threaded hole. The clamping block 4 and the oil cylinder fixing plate 5 are locked with bolts through the positioning holes provided on the oil cylinder fixing plate 5 .
每个夹块4的前后端面分别设置有两个夹块托6(即每个夹块4拥有四个夹块托6)，所述夹块4与夹块托6通过螺栓进行连接，两个夹块托6卡设于油缸固定板5的上下两端，目的是保证夹块4的z方向位置刚度。每个夹块4侧面均设置有横向顶紧螺栓7，通过设置于立板8上的螺栓孔，对夹块4进行顶紧，目的是为了保证夹块4的x方向位置刚度。The front and rear end faces of each clamping block 4 are respectively provided with two clamping block holders 6 (that is, each clamping block 4 has four clamping block holders 6). The clamping block 4 and the clamping block holders 6 are connected by bolts. The clamping block bracket 6 is clamped on the upper and lower ends of the oil cylinder fixing plate 5 in order to ensure the positional rigidity of the clamping block 4 in the z direction. A transverse tightening bolt 7 is provided on the side of each clamping block 4, and the clamping block 4 is tightened through the bolt holes provided on the vertical plate 8 in order to ensure the x-direction positional stiffness of the clamping block 4.
所述滑块内圈21主要用于摩擦叠焊机主轴1的定位安装，在其上下表面都设置有螺栓孔，目的是为了摩擦叠焊机主轴1通过螺栓和主轴连接法兰23对摩擦叠焊机主轴1进行锁紧安装。所述滑块内圈21和调整基板3之间通过纵向顶紧螺栓2进行连接顶紧，利用纵向顶紧螺栓2(选用M20螺栓)与设置在调整基板3上的定位孔进行顶紧，再配合横向顶紧螺栓7穿过夹块4顶紧锁紧夹条 22，进而对滑块内圈21进行顶紧。The inner ring 21 of the slider is mainly used for the positioning and installation of the spindle 1 of the friction stack welding machine. Bolt holes are provided on its upper and lower surfaces. The purpose is to facilitate the friction stack welding machine spindle 1 through the bolts and the spindle connecting flange 23. The welding machine spindle 1 is locked and installed. The inner ring 21 of the slider and the adjustment base plate 3 are connected and tightened by longitudinal tightening bolts 2, and the longitudinal tightening bolts 2 (M20 bolts are selected) are used for tightening with the positioning holes provided on the adjustment base plate 3, and then Cooperate with the transverse tightening bolt 7 to pass through the clamp block 4 to tighten the locking clamp bar 22, and then tighten the inner ring 21 of the slider.
所述立板8侧面焊接有吊耳25，目的是方便夹具装配后的吊装。所述立板8 上的弧形槽和抱紧板14上的弧形槽内部均设置有护管块11，所述立板8、抱紧板14与管道12之间利用护管块11进行夹紧，护管块11与立板8、抱紧板14 之间通过螺栓进行锁合。所述护管块11弧形宽度大于立板8和抱紧板14宽度，目的是为了保证与管道12的平稳夹紧，图4中铰链B、C相对于管道12中心位置布置合理，可满足管道12的安装与拆卸，且开合液压缸18行程满足要求。Lifting lugs 25 are welded to the side of the vertical plate 8 to facilitate lifting after the fixture is assembled. Pipe protection blocks 11 are provided inside the arc-shaped grooves on the vertical plate 8 and the arc-shaped grooves on the holding plate 14. The pipe protecting blocks 11 are used to connect the vertical plate 8, the holding plate 14 and the pipe 12. Clamp, and the pipe protection block 11 is locked with the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate 14 through bolts. The arc width of the pipe protection block 11 is greater than the width of the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate 14, in order to ensure smooth clamping with the pipe 12. In Figure 4, the hinges B and C are reasonably arranged relative to the center of the pipe 12 to meet the requirements The installation and disassembly of the pipeline 12, and the stroke of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 meet the requirements.
立板8和抱紧板14侧面的固定凸块15上均设置有定位安装孔，用于液压缸拉杆17和开合液压缸18的锁紧定位。所述开合液压缸18一端通过锁紧螺钉19 和螺母与立板8上固定凸块15进行连接，另一端与液压缸拉杆17连接，所述液压缸拉杆17另一端通过旋转轴16和螺母与抱紧板14上固定凸块15进行连接。所述锁紧螺钉19不是全螺纹，目的是为了使液压缸拉杆17和开合液压缸18可进行旋转。所述开合液压缸18上设置有进油口24和出油口20，目的是为了使液压缸拉杆17可以进行推拉双向运动，开合液压缸18和主轴端部均密封良好。Positioning mounting holes are provided on the fixing bumps 15 on the sides of the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate 14 for locking and positioning the hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17 and the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18. One end of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 is connected to the fixed bump 15 on the vertical plate 8 through a locking screw 19 and a nut, and the other end is connected to a hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17 is connected to a rotating shaft 16 and a nut. Connect with the fixing bump 15 on the holding plate 14. The locking screw 19 is not fully threaded, and the purpose is to allow the hydraulic cylinder tie rod 17 and the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 to rotate. The opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 is provided with an oil inlet 24 and an oil outlet 20. The purpose is to enable the hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17 to perform push-pull two-way movement. The opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 and the end of the main shaft are well sealed.
所述开合液压缸18原理如下：液压缸开合机构可简化为曲柄导杆机构，如图4所示。图中A、B、C点分别代表立板8与抱紧板14铰接回转轴心、开合液压缸18回转轴心、液压缸拉杆17回转轴心。图4(a)所示为立板8与抱紧板 14处于闭合状态，图4(b)表示立板8与抱紧板14处于张开的极限位置处。图中液压缸拉杆b为主动件。立板8与抱紧板14开启和张开时，张开的最大角度为β-α，且张开角度需要满足的条件为：β-α<γ，即保证三个回转轴心A、B、C不处于一条直线，防止运动出现死点，液压缸拉杆17的行程应大于l2-l1。图中铰链B、C相对于管道12轴心的位置为(x1,y1)、(x2,y2)。图中D为张开时，管道12可通过的最大限位距离，该距离需要大于管道12直径才能保证管道12的正常装夹。The principle of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 is as follows: the opening and closing mechanism of the hydraulic cylinder can be simplified as a crank and guide rod mechanism, as shown in Figure 4. Points A, B, and C in the figure respectively represent the hinged rotation axis of the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate 14, the rotation axis of the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18, and the rotation axis of the hydraulic cylinder tie rod 17. Figure 4(a) shows that the upright plate 8 and the holding plate 14 are in a closed state, and Figure 4(b) shows that the upright plate 8 and the holding plate 14 are in an open extreme position. In the figure, the hydraulic cylinder tie rod b is the active part. When the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate 14 are opened and unfolded, the maximum opening angle is β-α, and the opening angle needs to meet the conditions: β-α<γ, that is, the three rotation axes A, B, and C are guaranteed. Not in a straight line, to prevent dead spots in the movement, the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder tie rod 17 should be greater than l 2 -l 1 . In the figure, the positions of hinges B and C relative to the axis of pipe 12 are (x 1 , y 1 ) and (x 2 , y 2 ). D in the figure is the maximum limit distance that the pipe 12 can pass when opened. This distance needs to be larger than the diameter of the pipe 12 to ensure normal clamping of the pipe 12.
本实施例中，所述立板8上可设置有十四个定位孔，所述油缸固定板5侧面设置有螺纹孔，用于立板8与油缸固定板5的定位连接。每个立板8上设置八个螺栓孔，用于夹块4与锁紧夹条22的横向顶紧螺栓7的定位安装。每个立板8 上设置六个定位安装孔，用于护管块11与立板8的定位安装。每个立板8上设置两个定位安装孔，用于抱紧板14与立板8的安装。每个油缸固定板5两侧各有四个螺纹孔，用于与立板8的固定连接，有八个U型孔，用于夹块4与油缸固定板5的连接。夹块4两侧各有八个螺纹孔，用于与夹块托6和油缸固定板5 的定位连接，其中，一个夹块4侧面有四个螺纹孔，用于横向顶紧螺7，与锁紧夹条22的顶紧连接。夹块4上下侧各有两个螺纹孔，用于调整基板3的固定连接。滑块内圈21上下侧都有均布的螺纹孔，用于与主轴连接法兰23的固定连接。In this embodiment, fourteen positioning holes can be provided on the vertical plate 8 , and threaded holes are provided on the side of the oil cylinder fixing plate 5 for positioning connection between the vertical plate 8 and the oil cylinder fixing plate 5 . Eight bolt holes are provided on each vertical plate 8 for the positioning and installation of the transverse tightening bolts 7 of the clamping block 4 and the locking clamp bar 22. Each vertical plate 8 is provided with six positioning installation holes for positioning and installation of the pipe protection block 11 and the vertical plate 8 . Each vertical plate 8 is provided with two positioning installation holes for installation of the holding plate 14 and the vertical plate 8 . Each cylinder fixing plate 5 has four threaded holes on both sides for fixed connection with the vertical plate 8, and eight U-shaped holes for connecting the clamp block 4 with the cylinder fixing plate 5. There are eight threaded holes on both sides of the clamping block 4, which are used for positioning and connecting with the clamping block support 6 and the cylinder fixing plate 5. Among them, one clamping block 4 has four threaded holes on the side for transverse tightening screws 7, and Lock the clamping bar 22 to tighten the connection. There are two threaded holes on the upper and lower sides of the clamping block 4 for adjusting the fixed connection of the base plate 3 . There are evenly distributed threaded holes on the upper and lower sides of the inner ring 21 of the slider for fixed connection with the main shaft connecting flange 23.
如图5和图6所示，本发明在对摩擦叠焊机主轴1进行水下实验时，可以利用水槽26、压力舱27和本发明，共同完成摩擦叠焊机主轴1性能的测试：As shown in Figures 5 and 6, when the present invention conducts underwater experiments on the main shaft 1 of the friction stack welding machine, the water tank 26, the pressure chamber 27 and the present invention can be used to jointly complete the performance test of the friction stack welding machine spindle 1:
先将油缸固定板5与夹块4利用螺栓进行装配，再将油缸固定板5与立板8 通过螺栓进行锁合，利用横向顶紧螺栓7顶紧锁紧夹条22，将滑块内圈21与夹块4进行安装。在夹块4上下侧利用螺栓安装调整基板3，通过纵向顶紧螺栓2 将滑块内圈21顶紧，保证z向刚度。在立板8上安装开合液压缸18，在抱紧板 14上安装液压缸拉杆17，将抱紧板14通过连接转轴29与立板8铰接。在立板 8和抱紧板14上安装护管块11。再装入摩擦叠焊机主轴1，通过主轴连接法兰 23与本发明夹具连接。First, assemble the cylinder fixing plate 5 and the clamping block 4 with bolts, then lock the cylinder fixing plate 5 and the vertical plate 8 with bolts, use the transverse tightening bolts 7 to tighten the locking clamp bar 22, and secure the inner ring of the slider. 21 and clamp block 4 for installation. Use bolts to install and adjust the base plate 3 on the upper and lower sides of the clamping block 4, and tighten the inner ring 21 of the slider through longitudinal tightening bolts 2 to ensure z-direction stiffness. The opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 is installed on the vertical plate 8, the hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17 is installed on the clinging plate 14, and the clinging plate 14 is hinged with the vertical plate 8 through the connecting shaft 29. Install the pipe protection block 11 on the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate 14. Then load the main shaft 1 of the friction stack welding machine and connect it to the fixture of the present invention through the main shaft connecting flange 23.
本发明与管道12装备时，液压缸开合机构(开合液压缸18和液压缸拉杆 17)伸开，然后放入管道12，再使液压缸开合机构闭合，立板8与抱紧板14另一端通过锁紧螺栓13进行锁紧。利用外界吊装工具如行车等，起吊吊耳25位置处，将夹具平稳地吊入水槽26中。水槽26底部配有脚轮四个沿四角均布的脚轮 28，使水槽26方便移动，脚轮28可以承受水槽26及夹具的重量，且脚轮28 具有自锁功能。将水槽26连同本发明利用叉车放入压力舱，将水槽26的脚轮进行自锁。往水槽26注入水，水位置淹没摩擦叠焊机主轴1即可，压力舱27加压即可模拟水下环境进行主轴试验。When the present invention is equipped with the pipeline 12, the hydraulic cylinder opening and closing mechanism (the opening and closing hydraulic cylinder 18 and the hydraulic cylinder pull rod 17) is extended, and then the pipeline 12 is placed, and then the hydraulic cylinder opening and closing mechanism is closed, and the vertical plate 8 and the holding plate are 14 The other end is locked by the locking bolt 13. Use external lifting tools such as a crane, etc., to lift the lifting lug 25 and smoothly lift the clamp into the water tank 26. The bottom of the sink 26 is equipped with four casters 28 evenly distributed along the four corners, making the sink 26 easy to move. The casters 28 can bear the weight of the sink 26 and the fixture, and the casters 28 have a self-locking function. The water tank 26 together with the present invention is put into the pressure chamber using a forklift, and the casters of the water tank 26 are self-locking. Inject water into the water tank 26 until the water level submerges the spindle 1 of the friction stack welding machine. The pressure chamber 27 is pressurized to simulate the underwater environment for the spindle test.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，本发明亦可针对现场固定架起的管道12进行摩擦叠焊机主轴1性能进行测试，其安装夹紧过程与在压力舱27 试验夹紧过程相同。以上实施方式并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention can also test the performance of the main shaft 1 of the friction stack welding machine on the pipeline 12 fixedly erected on site. The installation and clamping process is the same as the test clamp in the pressure chamber 27 The tightening process is the same. The above embodiments do not limit the invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
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