CN107354936B - Vehicle-mounted earth material freezing prevention and control system - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted earth material freezing prevention and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107354936B CN107354936B CN201710789889.XA CN201710789889A CN107354936B CN 107354936 B CN107354936 B CN 107354936B CN 201710789889 A CN201710789889 A CN 201710789889A CN 107354936 B CN107354936 B CN 107354936B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted soil material freezing prevention and control system, which comprises a tail gas collector (2) and a tail gas filter (3) which are arranged at a tail gas discharge cylinder (1) of a soil material transport vehicle, a gas pressurizer (7) which is communicated with the tail gas filter (3) and arranged on the top surface of a vehicle head, and a plurality of dispersion pipes (5) which are communicated with the gas pressurizer (7) and arranged in a carriage; be equipped with dispersion hole (9) that the several supplied the pressurized hot gas to spill on dispersion pipe (5), be equipped with protective cover (10) on dispersion hole (9). The application of the invention can effectively utilize the heat of the tail gas to heat or unfreeze the soil material in the transportation process, is suitable for preventing and controlling the freezing of the soil material in the engineering construction of frozen soil areas in cold regions and seasons, avoids the quality problems that the compaction degree, permeability and strength of the engineering filling soil are not met, and is beneficial to realizing the continuous construction in a low-temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil body freezing prevention and control, in particular to a vehicle-mounted soil material freezing prevention and control system.
Background
The frozen soil is a soil rock which is lower than 0 ℃ and contains ice, water in the soil is frozen into ice to cause the volume expansion of the soil body, and the strength of the frozen soil is greatly increased compared with that of unfrozen soil. When the temperature rises, the frozen soil is melted to form melt soil, at the moment, the volume of the soil body is reduced, the strength is also reduced, and the permeability is increased.
In northern, western and plateau cold areas of China, seasonal frozen soil and perennial frozen soil are widely distributed, and the area accounts for about 70% of the total land area in China. In recent years, with the active progress of western major development, major projects around cold regions related to energy, traffic, water conservancy and the like are being implemented in western mountainous regions and plateau cold regions. In the construction process of the engineering, the problem of frozen soil is inevitably encountered. The frozen soil problem not only has great influence on the engineering on the construction site, but also has great influence on the engineering safety and the efficiency due to the frozen soil problem in a stock dump for storing the soil.
The soil body of the stock yard is frozen in a low-temperature environment to form frozen soil nuclei. After the soil body is frozen, the volume is expanded, and the strength is increased compared with that of unfrozen soil, so that the soil material of the stock yard is not easy to compact to the required compactness after being filled. After frozen soil cores contained in the compacted soil body are melted, the compactness of the compacted soil body is reduced, the strength of the compacted soil body is reduced, and the permeability of the compacted soil body is increased. Thereby bringing serious influence to the stability and safety of various structures and being particularly unfavorable for large-scale hydraulic engineering. Therefore, in the implementation process of the projects, the soil used in the projects, such as foundation projects and dam body projects, is required to be strictly prevented from being frozen. Therefore, in seasonal frozen soil and perennial frozen soil distribution areas, ensuring that soil materials are not frozen before filling in engineering construction has important significance and practical requirements for ensuring engineering quality, shortening engineering period and reducing engineering cost.
At present, passive prevention and control measures of 'covering quilt' are mainly applied to stock grounds in cold region engineering, and the selected material is geotextile generally. The method can effectively prevent the soil material from freezing under a certain negative temperature environment, however, the surface layer of the soil material is frozen along with the reduction of the environment temperature, and the defect of insufficient prevention and control efficiency is shown, and in addition, the following defects exist: (1) the geotextile is heavy, the mechanical automation is not realized, and a large amount of labor and time are needed for covering; (2) when the wind power of the stock yard is larger, the geotextile is blown up, so that the heat preservation effect of the measure is lost; (3) the quilt covering is a passive prevention and control measure, can only keep the temperature of the soil body, cannot heat the soil body, and cannot utilize the radiation energy of the high-intensity sun at noon due to the covering of the geotextile.
Therefore, the soil material freezing prevention and control system which is convenient to implement, high in heating efficiency and excellent in anti-freezing effect is designed for solving the problem that the filled soil body cannot reach the required frozen soil with compactness, strength and permeability due to frozen soil cores formed by freezing the soil materials in the stock ground in the engineering construction process of large road engineering, hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, airport construction and the like in the low-temperature freezing period, and has important significance and practical requirements for ensuring the engineering quality, improving the labor efficiency, shortening the engineering construction period and reducing the engineering cost. The present application is directed to solving such engineering challenges.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted soil material freezing prevention and control system, which can unfreeze or raise the temperature of construction soil materials in the transportation process, ensure that the incoming soil materials are not frozen in a low-temperature freezing environment, meet the requirements of continuous operation and improvement of the engineering construction progress in the engineering construction process and further solve the frozen soil problem in the prior art.
In order to solve the problems, the vehicle-mounted soil material freezing prevention and control system is characterized in that: the system comprises a tail gas collector and a tail gas filter which are arranged at a tail gas discharge barrel of the soil material transport vehicle, a gas pressurizer which is communicated with the tail gas filter and arranged on the top surface of a vehicle head, and a plurality of dispersion pipes which are communicated with the gas pressurizer and arranged in a carriage; the diffusion pipe is provided with a plurality of diffusion holes for the pressurized hot air to diffuse out, and the diffusion holes are provided with protective covers which are used for preventing soil from entering the diffusion holes.
Preferably, all the dispersion pipes are arranged in the bottom of the carriage and/or in the air inside the carriage in parallel in the width direction of the carriage; the rear part of the dispersion pipe arranged in the air in the carriage is supported by the support frame.
Preferably, the dispersion holes are distributed from sparse to dense in the direction of the airflow along the dispersion pipe.
Preferably, the tail gas collector comprises a tail gas valve sleeved at the tail end of the tail gas discharge cylinder and an air feeding pipe air valve for conveying tail gas to the tail gas filter; when the internal air pressure of the tail gas valve is larger than the external air pressure, the tail gas valve is automatically opened to remove the overhigh pressure.
Preferably, the air supply pipe is provided with an air valve controlled by a temperature sensing switch, and the temperature sensing switch is connected with a temperature sensor arranged on the dispersion pipe; and when the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of the dispersion pipe is higher than a set value, the temperature inductive switch controls the air valve to be opened.
Preferably, the tail gas filter is connected with the gas pressurizer through a connecting pipe with a heat-insulating pipe wall.
Preferably, the gas pressurizer is connected with the dispersion pipe through a telescopic pipe and a vertical pipe; the extension tube is transversely arranged, one end of the extension tube is connected with the gas pressurizer, and the other end of the extension tube is connected with the upper port of the vertical tube; the vertical pipe is close to the inner wall of the front end of the carriage, and the lower port of the vertical pipe is communicated with the air inlets of all the dispersion pipes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. high-temperature tail gas directly contacts with soil materials, so that the heat utilization rate is improved
The tail gas of the high-temperature truck reaches a dispersion pipe inside the carriage through the tail gas collector, the tail gas filter and the gas pressurizer and then directly enters gaps of the soil materials of the carriage from dispersion holes, and the tail gas constantly supplemented into the dispersion pipe and the tail gas pressurizer give certain pressure to the tail gas, so that the tail gas flows in the gaps of the soil materials, and the temperature of the construction soil materials is unfrozen or increased. Compared with the covering quilt method in the prior art, the method is time-saving and labor-saving, and can not only ensure that the soil is not frozen in the transportation process, but also raise the temperature of the soil. Meanwhile, the high-temperature tail gas is in direct contact with the soil particles and flows on the surface of the soil particles to generate a heat convection effect with the soil particles, so that the heat utilization rate is greatly improved relative to the heat conduction effect.
2. Does not affect loading and unloading of the soil-carrying materials and occupies small volume
The prevention and control system only comprises a plurality of dispersion pipes inside the carriage, and other parts are outside the carriage; moreover, the diameter of the dispersion pipe is small, so that the volume of the loaded earth and stone cannot be influenced.
3. The constructed soil body is not frozen for a long time, and the continuous construction of a cold region is realized
The soil is heated to a certain temperature in the transportation process, so that the normal construction is not influenced; after filling, the soil body can be kept at more than 0 ℃ for a period of time, and if the next filling is carried out, the filling of the layer is still kept at more than 0 ℃, so that the continuous construction of the engineering in cold regions can be ensured, and the connection quality of the connection surface of the layered filling can be improved. In addition, the heat energy stored in the filled dam body or other foundations is increased continuously, and a large amount of heat energy can resist the low-temperature environment for a long time.
4. Automatic pressure control without affecting normal operation of transport vehicle engine
On the basis of the advantages, the prevention and control system further adopts a specially-made tail gas collector to be connected with the tail gas discharge cylinder of the transport vehicle, and the tail gas collector is provided with a tail gas valve which is automatically opened when the collected tail gas is excessive, so that part of the tail gas is leaked through the valve, and the air pressure of the exhaust port is reduced.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the prevention and control system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of dispersion holes in a dispersion tube.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a protective cover on a diffusion hole.
Fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust gas collector when the exhaust gas valve is closed.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust gas collector when the exhaust gas valve is opened.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the exhaust gas filter.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature change of the soil at different locations in the vehicle compartment during the test.
In the figure: the device comprises a tail gas discharge cylinder 1, a tail gas collector 2, a tail gas filter 3, a connecting pipe 4, a dispersion pipe 5, a support frame 6, a gas pressurizer 7, a telescopic pipe 8, a dispersion hole 9, a protective cover 10, a tail gas valve 11, an air valve 12, an air supply pipe 13 and a vertical pipe 14.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the vehicle-mounted soil freezing prevention and control system of the present invention is applied to a soil transport vehicle, and is suitable for projects with a certain distance between a construction site and a stock yard in a cold region or a frozen soil region in seasons, and may specifically include a tail gas collector 2 and a tail gas filter 3 which are arranged at a tail gas discharge barrel 1 of the soil transport vehicle, a gas pressurizer 7 which is communicated with the tail gas filter 3 and arranged on the top surface of a vehicle head, and a plurality of dispersion pipes 5 which are communicated with the gas pressurizer 7 and arranged inside a carriage; the dispersion pipe 5 is provided with a plurality of dispersion holes 9 for the pressurized hot air to diffuse out, and the dispersion holes 9 are provided with a protective cover 10. Referring to fig. 2, the dispersion holes 9 are distributed from sparse to dense in the direction of the airflow of the dispersion tube 5 so that the gas is not consumed at the front section of the dispersion tube 5.
The above protective cover 10 serves to prevent the soil from entering the dispersion pipe 5 through the dispersion holes 9, which, of course, cannot affect the escape of the pressurized hot air. The tail gas filter 3 is used for purifying tail gas, so that the following hot gas cannot pollute the soil and influence the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. The gas pressurizer 7 is used for converting hot gas from the tail gas filter 3 from low-pressure gas to high-pressure gas, so that the hot gas has high pressure, and the pressurized hot gas is favorably scattered into gaps of soil materials.
In practical application, the dispersion hole 9 may be formed in the side surface of the dispersion tube 5, and the corresponding protecting cover 10 may be configured as shown in fig. 3 and 4, that is, the protecting cover 10 is a half-ellipsoidal shell with an opening at the lower part, the size of the protecting cover is slightly larger than that of the dispersion hole 9, the upper part and both sides of the protecting cover are connected with the wall of the dispersion tube 5, and in practical application, the same material as that of the dispersion tube 5 may be used, and the two parts are welded together. The tail gas filter 3 may have a structure as shown in fig. 7, that is, the diameters of the pipes at the two ends of the inlet and outlet are small, the diameter of the pipe at the middle section filled with the filter material is larger, and sufficient filter material and filter space are favorable for sufficiently purifying the tail gas. The filter material is mainly used for adsorbing particles which are not completely combusted and oily substances in tail gas.
Wherein, the tail gas filter 3 is connected with the gas inlet of the gas pressurizer 7 through a connecting pipe 4 with heat insulation pipe wall. The gas pressurizer 7 is connected with the dispersion pipe 5 through an extension pipe 8 and a vertical pipe 14; the telescopic pipe 8 is integrally and transversely arranged, one end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the air outlet of the air pressurizer 7, the other end of the telescopic pipe is connected with the upper port of the vertical pipe 14, when the transport vehicle unloads soil, the telescopic pipe can be ensured to have enough extension length and not to be broken by pulling, and the telescopic pipe can be connected with the air pressurizer 7 and the vertical pipe 14 and not to be broken, and the telescopic pipe can be a spring telescopic pipe in practical application; the vertical pipe 14 abuts against the inner wall of the front end of the carriage, and the lower port of the vertical pipe is communicated with the air inlets of all the dispersion pipes 5.
Further, the single dispersion tube 5 may be a long strip extending from the front end of the carriage to the rear end of the carriage (the direction of the vehicle head is the front end, and the direction of the vehicle tail is the rear end), the front end of the dispersion tube 5 is an air inlet, and the rear end is open. All dispersion pipes 5 are arranged at the bottom of the carriage in parallel in the width direction of the carriage, the dispersion pipes 5 can be arranged in the carriage in the air, the dispersion pipes can also be arranged on the side wall of the carriage, or the dispersion pipes are arranged at the positions, and the requirements of the heating requirements and the influence degree on loading, unloading and loading of the soil materials are determined. For the dispersion pipe 5 arranged in the air in the carriage, the air inlet at the front end of the dispersion pipe is inclined upwards from the bottom, the dispersion pipe is used for air inlet and supporting the front part of the dispersion pipe, the rear part of the dispersion pipe is supported by a support frame 6 which is arranged at the rear part of the dispersion pipe 5 and is inclined, and the dispersion pipe 5 on the upper layer and the lower layer forms a ladder shape. Wherein, install dispersion pipe 5 at carriage wall or bottom, can reduce its influence to loading and unloading mode and time.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the exhaust gas collector 2 may specifically include an exhaust valve 11 sleeved at the end of the exhaust gas discharge barrel 1 in use and an air feeding pipe 13 for conveying exhaust gas to the exhaust gas filter 3. When 11 inside atmospheric pressure of tail gas valve is greater than external atmospheric pressure, for example the tail gas of collecting is too much, and tail gas valve 11 can be opened automatically, makes partial tail gas leak through this valve and reduces the atmospheric pressure of a tail gas discharge section of thick bamboo 1 department to influence the transport vechicle engine and normally work.
Considering that the property of some soil materials changes obviously along with the temperature, in order to avoid the overhigh temperature of the soil materials, a temperature sensor can be arranged on the dispersion pipe 5, an air valve 12 controlled by a temperature sensing switch is correspondingly arranged on the air feed pipe 13, the temperature sensing switch is communicated with the temperature sensor through an electric signal, and when the temperature of the dispersion pipe 5 measured by the temperature sensor is higher than a certain set temperature (which can be set according to the property of the soil materials), the air valve 12 is opened under the control of the temperature sensing switch, and air is sucked to maintain the soil materials at a certain temperature.
The prevention and control system is tested at the construction site of the hydropower stations at two river mouths, and the prevention and control system is verified to have a good heating effect on soil materials, and the specific contents are as follows: the test is modified to be used for soil material transport vehicle for hydropower station construction, and gravel soil required to be filled in the core wall of the dam body is loaded on the vehicle. For the convenience of observation, the vehicle is parked at the same position and kept in a starting state, and the fuel consumption at the moment is controlled to be the same as that in the normal transportation. The test began in the evening when the local temperature began to be below 0 ℃ and the test time was 1 hour. The soil loading height of the soil material transport vehicle is 2.5m, two groups of four temperature probes are placed in the coating during the test, the embedding depths are 0cm, 33cm, 66cm and 100cm, and the four temperature probes are respectively positioned at the front part and the tail part of the longitudinal central axis of the carriage. The partial temperature curve obtained by the test is shown in figure 8, and the test result shows that the prevention and control system has a good soil body heating effect.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a vehicular soil material prevents control system that freezes which characterized in that: the system comprises a tail gas collector (2) and a tail gas filter (3) which are arranged at a tail gas discharge barrel (1) of the soil material transport vehicle, a gas pressurizer (7) which is communicated with the tail gas filter (3) and arranged on the top surface of a vehicle head, and a plurality of dispersion pipes (5) which are communicated with the gas pressurizer (7) and arranged in a carriage; the gas pressurizer (7) is connected with the dispersion pipe (5) through an extension pipe (8) and a vertical pipe (14); the dispersion pipe (5) is provided with a plurality of dispersion holes (9) for pressurized hot air to disperse, the dispersion holes (9) are provided with protective covers (10), and the protective covers (10) are used for preventing soil materials from entering the dispersion pipe (5) from the dispersion holes (9); the dispersion holes (9) are distributed from sparse to dense in the direction of the airflow along the dispersion pipe (5);
all the dispersion pipes (5) are arranged in the bottom of the carriage and/or in the air in the carriage in parallel in the width direction of the carriage; the dispersion pipe (5) arranged in the air in the carriage is supported at the rear part by a support frame (6);
the tail gas collector (2) comprises a tail gas valve (11) which is sleeved at the tail end of the tail gas discharge cylinder (1) during use and a gas supply pipe (13) which conveys tail gas to the tail gas filter (3); when the internal air pressure of the tail gas valve (11) is larger than the external air pressure, the tail gas valve (11) is automatically opened to remove the over-high pressure.
2. The prevention and control system of claim 1, wherein: an air valve (12) controlled by a temperature sensing switch is arranged on the air supply pipe (13), and the temperature sensing switch is connected with a temperature sensor arranged on the dispersion pipe (5); and when the temperature of the dispersion pipe (5) measured by the temperature sensor is higher than a set value, the air valve (12) is controlled to be opened by the temperature inductive switch.
3. The prevention and control system of claim 1, wherein: the tail gas filter (3) is connected with the gas pressurizer (7) through a connecting pipe (4) with a heat-insulating pipe wall.
4. The prevention and control system of claim 1, wherein: the extension tube (8) is transversely arranged, one end of the extension tube is connected with the gas pressurizer (7), and the other end of the extension tube is connected with the upper port of the vertical tube (14); the vertical pipe (14) is close to the inner wall of the front end of the carriage, and the lower port of the vertical pipe is communicated with the air inlets of all the dispersion pipes (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710789889.XA CN107354936B (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2017-09-05 | Vehicle-mounted earth material freezing prevention and control system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710789889.XA CN107354936B (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2017-09-05 | Vehicle-mounted earth material freezing prevention and control system |
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| CN107354936A CN107354936A (en) | 2017-11-17 |
| CN107354936B true CN107354936B (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710789889.XA Active CN107354936B (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2017-09-05 | Vehicle-mounted earth material freezing prevention and control system |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5209604A (en) * | 1991-04-09 | 1993-05-11 | Shell Oil Company | Soil decontamination |
| CN2550512Y (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2003-05-14 | 陕西秦川畅通公路机械开发有限公司 | Pitch mixture heater by automobile engine tail gas |
| CN2764817Y (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-03-15 | 范维义 | Multifunctional snow remover |
| CN201405699Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-02-17 | 北京中冀福庆专用车有限公司 | Device for heating carriage by using tail gas of engine |
| CN201933456U (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-08-17 | 马军 | Road ice and snow removing device used on automobile |
| CN205530214U (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-08-31 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | Broken rising temperature device of frozen soil |
| CN207211126U (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of vehicular earth material freezes active prevention and control device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202157294U (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2012-03-07 | 中国一拖集团有限公司 | High-temperature high-pressure air outlet pipe device for ice-melting drying device of snow removing vehicle |
-
2017
- 2017-09-05 CN CN201710789889.XA patent/CN107354936B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5209604A (en) * | 1991-04-09 | 1993-05-11 | Shell Oil Company | Soil decontamination |
| CN2550512Y (en) * | 2002-07-09 | 2003-05-14 | 陕西秦川畅通公路机械开发有限公司 | Pitch mixture heater by automobile engine tail gas |
| CN2764817Y (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-03-15 | 范维义 | Multifunctional snow remover |
| CN201405699Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-02-17 | 北京中冀福庆专用车有限公司 | Device for heating carriage by using tail gas of engine |
| CN201933456U (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2011-08-17 | 马军 | Road ice and snow removing device used on automobile |
| CN205530214U (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-08-31 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | Broken rising temperature device of frozen soil |
| CN207211126U (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of vehicular earth material freezes active prevention and control device |
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| CN107354936A (en) | 2017-11-17 |
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Effective date of registration: 20201009 Address after: 730000 No.318, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province Patentee after: NORTHWEST INSTITUTE OF ECO-ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES, CAS Address before: 730000 Gansu city of Lanzhou province Donggang West Road No. 320 Patentee before: Institute of environment and Engineering in cold and dry areas, Chinese Academy of Sciences |