CN107353674A - A kind of preparation method of nano silicon carbon nano-tube hybridization material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of nano silicon carbon nano-tube hybridization material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of nano silicon carbon nano-tube hybridization material, and methods described includes:Under ul-trasonic irradiation, cationic polyelectrolyte and anionic polyelectrolyte is respectively adopted surface modification is carried out to CNT and nano silicon, finely dispersed suspension is prepared;Both suspension are uniformly mixed, nanometer silicon dioxide particle is uniformly wrapped on carbon nano tube surface, obtains nano silicon carbon nano-tube hybridization material.The nano silicon carbon nano-tube hybridization material that the present invention obtains can mutually suppress respective reunion behavior, and collaboration promotes it scattered in polymeric matrix, significantly increases polymer.This is advantageous to the potential application scope for widening CNT and nano silicon, and has important directive significance to preparing high performance polymer composite material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of carbon nano-tube hybridization material, and in particular to a kind of nano silicon modification
The preparation method of carbon nano-tube hybridization material and its application in the polymer.
Background technology
CNT causes people widely to study due to performances such as its excellent mechanics, calorifics, electricity.As one kind
New Nano filling, can apply in polymer composites, significantly improve the combination property of composite.But by
There is great draw ratio and specific surface area in CNT, it is difficult dispersed and and polymer in polymeric matrix to make it
The interface interaction of matrix is poor, and cause brings it about serious reunion and entanglement behavior, and cause CNT excellent properties can not
Embody, and form substantial amounts of stress concentration point, destroy the combination property of composite.Therefore, in order to be effectively improved CNT
The scattered and its interfacial interaction with matrix in the base, it is essential to carry out surface modification to CNT.
Nano silicon is because of its nanostructured, larger specific surface area and good mechanical performance, chemical stability,
Through being widely used in strengthening polymer.But because serious group easily occurs for its larger specific surface area, silica dioxide granule
It is poly-, it is difficult to uniformly be scattered in polymer, therefore, nano silicon is significantly limit in polymer composites
Using.
At present, using the excellent properties of CNT and the stability of nano silicon, there is researcher's preparation
Nano silicon-carbon nano tube compound material.By modifying nanometer silicon dioxide particle in carbon nano tube surface, effectively
Inhibit the reunion of CNT and nano silicon, collaboration promotes both in the polymer scattered.Such as Chinese patent
CN106058179A and CN100515937C, it is compound that carbon nanotube/nano silica is prepared using sol-gal process
Material, and propose to be applied to enhancing polymer composites.Need to introduce substantial amounts of organic solvent during but, cause ring
Border is polluted, and is prepared carbon nanotube/nano silica composite surface and lacked active site, can not effectively improve it with gathering
The mutual left and right in interface of compound matrix.Meanwhile Chinese patent CN105175781A, using chemical graft means, promote surface to repair
The amination silica of decorations and the carboxylic carbon nano-tube of oxidation processes carry out reaction generation amido link, are further prepared
Silicon dioxide modified carbon nano tube compound material, and propose to be used for that resin, rubber etc. are macromolecule modified to prepare high-performance nano
Composite.But this method such as needs to be acidified CNT, aoxidized at the pretreatment, destroying carbon nanometer tube it is excellent
Performance, meanwhile, preparation process is complicated, and technique is cumbersome, and severe reaction conditions, production efficiency is relatively low, and can not realize scale metaplasia
Production.
Therefore, on the basis of CNT performance itself is not influenceed, need to develop a kind of simple effective method at present
The uniform enveloped carbon nanometer tube of nanometer silicon dioxide particle is realized, to promote both scattered in polymeric matrix, this is to preparing
High performance polymer composite material has important Research Significance, and be advantageous to widen CNT and nano silicon should
Use scope.
The content of the invention
The present invention is first using polyelectrolyte as modifying agent, and by CNT and nano silicon, ultrasound is made in water respectively
Standby finely dispersed suspension, is then acted on using electrostatic assembly, prepares functionalized nano silica-carbon pipe hydridization material
Material.
The present invention is first under ul-trasonic irradiation, using cationic polyelectrolyte as modifying agent, to surface inactive carbon nanometer
Pipe is ultrasonically treated, and water miscible cationic polyelectrolyte can be adsorbed effectively in carbon nano tube surface, be prepared scattered
Uniform carbon nano tube suspension.Meanwhile using anionic polyelectrolyte as modifying agent, ultrasonic place is carried out to nano silicon
Reason, water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte can effective improved silica, finely dispersed nano silicon is prepared
Suspension.Both suspension are mixed, due to electrostatic interaction, nano silicon can be uniformly wrapped on carbon nanometer
Pipe surface, nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared.
This programme purpose is realized by following scheme:
A kind of preparation method of nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material, it is characterised in that including walking in detail below
Suddenly:
(1) modified carbon nano-tube suspension is prepared:Take a certain amount of CNT to be dispersed in water, and add a certain amount of sun
Cationic polyelectrolyte, ultrasonic disperse for a period of time after, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses to obtain the carbon of black again
Nanotube suspension.
(2) modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is prepared:A certain amount of nano silicon is dispersed in water, and added
A certain amount of anionic polyelectrolyte, ultrasonic disperse for a period of time after, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses again
To the nanometer titanium dioxide silicon suspension of white.
(3) nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared:By the certain density modified Nano of system in step (2)
Silica suspension adds in certain density modified carbon nano-tube suspension, obtains uniform floccule into step (1).
Then, washed repeatedly for several times using water and ethanol, 12~24h is dried in vacuo at 60~90 DEG C, obtains the nano-silica of grey
SiClx-carbon nano-tube hybridization material.
The cationic polyelectrolyte is PDDA, polyethyleneimine, poly- hydroxypropyl diformazan
One kind in ammonium chloride;
The anionic polyelectrolyte is Sodium Polyacrylate, kayexalate, one kind in ammonium polyacrylate;
The mass ratio of the cationic polyelectrolyte and CNT is 1:5~25;
The mass ratio of the anionic polyelectrolyte and nano silicon is 1:4~12.5;
The concentration of modified carbon nano-tube and the modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is 25~40g/L;
Compared with prior art, advantage of the invention is that:Simple process is easy, and reaction condition is gentle, and the reaction time is short,
Large-scale industrial production can be carried out.The structure-controllable of gained hybrid material, and there is good organic compatibility, it can be used in
Rubber, plastics etc. are macromolecule modified to prepare high performance polymer composite material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope picture of pure nano-carbon tube;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture of pure nano silicon;
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope picture of nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material prepared by embodiment 1;
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) modified carbon nano-tube suspension is prepared:Take 5g CNTs to be dispersed in water, and add 0.2g poly dimethyls two
Allyl ammonium chloride, after ultrasonic disperse 0.5h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses to obtain the carbon modified of black again
Nanotube suspension.
(2) modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is prepared:10g nano silicon is dispersed in water, and added
0.8g kayexalates, after ultrasonic disperse 0.5h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses to obtain white again
Modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension.
(3) nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared:By the modified Nano that concentration in step (2) is 40g/L
Silica suspension is added into step (1) in the modified carbon nano-tube suspension that concentration is 40g/L, is obtained uniform cotton-shaped
Thing.Then, washed repeatedly for several times using water and ethanol, 24h be dried in vacuo at 60 DEG C, obtain the nano silicon of grey-
Carbon nano-tube hybridization material.
Synthesized nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material, wherein CNT account for nanometer titanium dioxide in (4)
The mass percent of silico-carbo nanotube hybrid material is 36.5%.Such as Fig. 1, shown in 2, pure nano-carbon tube 40~50nm of diameter, and
Easily mutually tangle, be not easy to disperse, and nanometer silicon dioxide particle particle diameter is 20nm or so, and agglomeration is presented.And by quiet
Nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material prepared by electric packaging technology, carbon nano tube surface success have uniformly coated nanometer
Silica dioxide granule, it is suppressed that the serious entanglement of CNT and the serious agglomeration of nano silicon, both dispersivenesses are significantly
Improve.
Embodiment 2:
(1) modified carbon nano-tube suspension is prepared:Take 5g CNTs to be dispersed in water, and add 0.4g poly dimethyls two
Allyl ammonium chloride, after ultrasonic disperse 1h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and the carbon modified for disperseing to obtain black again is received
Mitron suspension.
(2) modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is prepared:10g nano silicon is dispersed in water, and added
1.2g kayexalates, after ultrasonic disperse 1h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses to obtain changing for white again
Property nanometer titanium dioxide silicon suspension.
(3) nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared:By the modified Nano that concentration in step (2) is 40g/L
Silica suspension is added into step (1) in the modified carbon nano-tube suspension that concentration is 40g/L, is obtained uniform cotton-shaped
Thing.Then, washed repeatedly for several times using water and ethanol, 20h be dried in vacuo at 70 DEG C, obtain the nano silicon of grey-
Carbon nano-tube hybridization material.
Synthesized nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material, wherein CNT account for nanometer titanium dioxide in (4)
The mass percent of silico-carbo nanotube hybrid material is 30.9%.
Embodiment 3:
(1) modified carbon nano-tube suspension is prepared:Take 5g CNTs to be dispersed in water, and add 0.6g poly dimethyls two
Allyl ammonium chloride, after ultrasonic disperse 2h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and the carbon modified for disperseing to obtain black again is received
Mitron suspension.
(2) modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is prepared:10g nano silicon is dispersed in water, and added
1.6g kayexalates, after ultrasonic disperse 1.5h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses to obtain white again
Modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension.
(3) nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared:By the modified Nano that concentration in step (2) is 40g/L
Silica suspension is added into step (1) in the modified carbon nano-tube suspension that concentration is 40g/L, is obtained uniform cotton-shaped
Thing.Then, washed repeatedly for several times using water and ethanol, 16h be dried in vacuo at 80 DEG C, obtain the nano silicon of grey-
Carbon nano-tube hybridization material.
Synthesized nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material, wherein CNT account for nanometer titanium dioxide in (4)
The mass percent of silico-carbo nanotube hybrid material is 28.8%.
Embodiment 4:
(1) modified carbon nano-tube suspension is prepared:Take 5g CNTs to be dispersed in water, and add 0.9g poly dimethyls two
Allyl ammonium chloride, after ultrasonic disperse 3h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and the carbon modified for disperseing to obtain black again is received
Mitron suspension.
(2) modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is prepared:10g nano silicon is dispersed in water, and added
2.0g kayexalates, after ultrasonic disperse 2h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses to obtain changing for white again
Property nanometer titanium dioxide silicon suspension.
(3) nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared:By the modified Nano that concentration in step (2) is 40g/L
Silica suspension is added into step (1) in the modified carbon nano-tube suspension that concentration is 40g/L, is obtained uniform cotton-shaped
Thing.Then, washed repeatedly for several times using water and ethanol, 12h be dried in vacuo at 90 DEG C, obtain the nano silicon of grey-
Carbon nano-tube hybridization material.
Synthesized nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material, wherein CNT account for nanometer titanium dioxide in (4)
The mass percent of silico-carbo nanotube hybrid material is 31.2%.
Embodiment 5:
(1) modified carbon nano-tube suspension is prepared:Take 5g CNTs to be dispersed in water, and add 1.0g poly dimethyls two
Allyl ammonium chloride, after ultrasonic disperse 4h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and the carbon modified for disperseing to obtain black again is received
Mitron suspension.
(2) modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is prepared:10g nano silicon is dispersed in water, and added
2.5g kayexalates, after ultrasonic disperse 2.5h, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses to obtain white again
Modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension.
(3) nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared:By the modified Nano that concentration in step (2) is 40g/L
Silica suspension is added into step (1) in the modified carbon nano-tube suspension that concentration is 40g/L, is obtained uniform cotton-shaped
Thing.Then, washed repeatedly for several times using water and ethanol, 12h be dried in vacuo at 90 DEG C, obtain the nano silicon of grey-
Carbon nano-tube hybridization material.
Synthesized nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material, wherein CNT account for nanometer titanium dioxide in (4)
The mass percent of silico-carbo nanotube hybrid material is 34.6%.
The basic recipe of styrene butadiene rubber sbr composite as shown in table 1, SBR is prepared using tradition machinery calendering process
Composite.Wherein preparation technology flow is:SBR is plasticated first, then by the nano silicon prepared in embodiment-
Carbon nano-tube hybridization material is added thereto, be kneaded uniformly after, sequentially add zinc oxide, stearic acid, accelerant CZ, altax,
Antioxidant MB, sulphur (S), and be kneaded uniformly, obtained SBR elastomeric compounds, SBR composites are then prepared by vulcanization,
Its mechanical property is as shown in table 2.Relative to blank sample (30 parts of pure nano silicons of filling), 30 parts of nanometer titanium dioxides are filled
The mechanical property of composite prepared by silico-carbo nanotube is obviously improved.The drawing of composite prepared by embodiment 1~5
Stretch intensity and be respectively increased 26.6%, 45.7%, 20.2%, 47.7% and 33.8%;300% stress at definite elongation is respectively increased
30.8%th, 47.8%, 21.4%, 49.5% and 39.6%;Tearing strength has been respectively increased 72.2%, 79.6%, 63.1%,
88.5% and 60.7%.The lifting of above performance may advantageously facilitate mainly due to nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material
Nano silicon and CNT are scattered in rubber matrix, improve both reunion behaviors.Meanwhile hybrid material is modified
Polyelectrolyte be advantageous to improve the interfacial interaction between hydridization filler and matrix, so as to significantly increase butadiene-styrene rubber.
The basic recipe of the styrene-butadiene rubber composite material of table 1.
Embodiment | Blank sample | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
SBR | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Nano silicon | 30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Nano silicon-CNT | --- | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 |
Zinc oxide | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Stearic acid | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Accelerant CZ | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Altax | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Antioxidant MB | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Sulphur (S) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
The mechanical property of table 2.SBR composites
Note:Blank sample is to add composite prepared by 30 parts of pure nano silicons;Embodiment 1~5 with the addition of respectively
The composite that nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material prepared by 30 parts is prepared.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) modified carbon nano-tube suspension is prepared:It is 1 to take mass ratio:5~25 cationic polyelectrolyte and CNT is together
It is dispersed in water, after 0.5~4h of ultrasonic disperse, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and the carbon for disperseing to obtain black again is received
Mitron suspension.
(2) modified manometer silicon dioxide suspension is prepared:It is 1 by mass ratio:4~12.5 anionic polyelectrolyte and nanometer two
Silica is dispersed in water together, and after 0.5~2.5h of ultrasonic disperse, centrifugation removes excessive polyelectrolyte, and disperses again
To the nanometer titanium dioxide silicon suspension of white.
(3) nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material is prepared:By the modified Nano that concentration in step (2) is 25~40g/L
Silica suspension is added into step (1) in the modified carbon nano-tube suspension that concentration is 25~40g/L, is obtained uniform
Floccule.Then, washed repeatedly for several times using water and ethanol, 12~24h is dried in vacuo at 60~90 DEG C, obtains receiving for grey
Rice silica-carbon pipe hybrid material.
2. a kind of preparation method of nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material as claimed in claim 1, its feature exist
In:The cationic polyelectrolyte is PDDA, polyethyleneimine, poly- hydroxypropyl dimethyl chlorination
One kind in ammonium.
3. a kind of preparation method of nano silicon-carbon nano-tube hybridization material as claimed in claim 1, its feature exist
In:The anionic polyelectrolyte is Sodium Polyacrylate, kayexalate, one kind in ammonium polyacrylate.
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