CN107353043B - Multilayer aerobic fermentation system and fermentation method thereof - Google Patents
Multilayer aerobic fermentation system and fermentation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107353043B CN107353043B CN201611113188.6A CN201611113188A CN107353043B CN 107353043 B CN107353043 B CN 107353043B CN 201611113188 A CN201611113188 A CN 201611113188A CN 107353043 B CN107353043 B CN 107353043B
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- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multilayer aerobic fermentation system and a fermentation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aerobic composting. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the key points that: a multi-layer aerobic fermentation system comprises a fermentation tank body, wherein a sludge layer and a bamboo charcoal layer are alternately laid in the fermentation tank body from top to bottom, the bottom layer is a bamboo charcoal layer, the bamboo charcoal layer is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoals with downward openings in a single layer mode, and an air outlet and an air inlet are respectively formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the fermentation tank body. The invention also specifically discloses a fermentation method of the multilayer aerobic fermentation system. The separating material bamboo charcoal used in the invention can reduce ammonia volatilization and total nitrogen loss, has a porous structure compared with the wood dust of the traditional conditioner, can effectively adsorb odor generated in the fermentation process, has single fermentation substrate composition, avoids the condition that the substrate contains a large amount of refractory materials due to adding the conditioner such as the wood dust and the like, and improves the fermentation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerobic composting, and particularly relates to a multilayer aerobic fermentation system and a fermentation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of urbanization in China, the discharge amount of urban domestic sewage is continuously increased, sewage treatment facilities are continuously increased, and the dewatered sludge generated in the sewage treatment process is a new environmental problem. Therefore, the recycling of municipal sewage and sludge becomes a new environmental research hotspot.
Among the various sludge recycling methods, the sludge aerobic fermentation method has received attention from people because of its advantages of low capital investment and operating cost, high sludge stabilization and harmless degree, convenient operation, and agricultural application of the fermented product. However, a large amount of ammonia gas is generated along with the decomposition of a large amount of organic matters in the reaction process, and is released into the atmosphere at a high temperature period, so that the environment is polluted, and the agricultural value of a compost product is reduced.
Common forms of fermentation are naturally ventilated windrow, closed silo, closed drum and more recently vertical fermentation systems. However, the above methods all require mixing a certain amount of conditioning agent, such as wood chips, straws, rice straws and the like, to reduce the water content and improve the ventilation.
The traditional aerobic fermentation system is added with a conditioner which belongs to lignin substances difficult to degrade, so that the fermentation efficiency is reduced, the odor problem in the fermentation process is prominent, and the nitrogen loss is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multilayer aerobic fermentation system and a fermentation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of large nitrogen loss and high adding cost of a conditioner in the sludge aerobic fermentation process.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems, and the multilayer aerobic fermentation system comprises a fermentation tank body and is characterized in that: the fermentation tank is characterized in that a sludge layer and a bamboo charcoal layer are alternately laid in the fermentation tank from top to bottom, wherein the bottom layer is the bamboo charcoal layer, the bamboo charcoal layer is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoals with downward openings in a single layer mode, and an air outlet and an air inlet are respectively formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the fermentation tank.
Further preferably, the thickness of the sludge layer is 2-3 cm.
The fermentation method of the multilayer aerobic fermentation system is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: crushing commercially available cylindrical bamboo charcoal to form semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoal, alternately laying dewatered sludge and bamboo charcoal layers in a fermentation tank in a layered manner to ensure that a bamboo charcoal layer is arranged at a vent at the bottom layer of the fermentation tank, wherein the bamboo charcoal layer is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoals with downward openings in a single layer manner, the thickness of each layer of dewatered sludge is 2-3cm, then carrying out aerobic fermentation on the laid bamboo charcoal layer and the dewatered sludge at the ventilation rate of 0.05-2m3The fermentation period is 28 days per min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the separating material bamboo charcoal used in the invention can reduce ammonia volatilization and total nitrogen loss, and compared with the traditional conditioner wood dust, the separating material bamboo charcoal has a porous structure and can effectively adsorb odor generated in the fermentation process;
2. no additional conditioner is added in the fermentation process, the used bamboo charcoal can be recycled after the fermentation period is finished, and the sludge treatment cost is reduced;
3. the fermentation substrate has single composition, avoids the condition that the substrate contains a large amount of refractory materials due to the addition of conditioners such as sawdust and the like, and improves the fermentation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-layered aerobic fermentation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of ammonia accumulation versus fermentation time for the fermentation processes of examples and comparative examples of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a key curve of fermentation process temperature versus fermentation time for examples of the invention and comparative examples.
Description of the drawings: 1. a fermentation tank body, 2, a sludge layer, 3, a bamboo charcoal layer, 4, semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoal, 5, an air outlet, 6 and an air inlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples, and that all the technologies realized based on the above subject matter of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the multi-layer aerobic fermentation system comprises a fermentation tank body 1, wherein a sludge layer 2 and a bamboo charcoal layer 3 are alternately laid in the fermentation tank body 1 from top to bottom, the bottom layer is the bamboo charcoal layer 3, the bamboo charcoal layer 3 is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoals 4 with downward openings in a single layer mode, the laying thickness of the sludge layer 2 is 2-3cm, and an air outlet 5 and an air inlet 6 are respectively arranged at the upper portion and the lower portion of the fermentation tank body 1.
Examples
Crushing commercially available cylindrical bamboo charcoal to form semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoal, and alternately layering dewatered sludge and bamboo charcoal layerArranging a bamboo charcoal layer at the vent at the bottom layer of the fermentation tank body in the fermentation tank body, wherein the bamboo charcoal layer is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoals with downward openings in a single layer, the thickness of each layer of dewatered sludge is 2-3cm, then performing aerobic fermentation on the laid bamboo charcoal layer and the dewatered sludge, and the ventilation rate is 1m3The fermentation period is 28 days per min.
Comparative example
Laying dewatered sludge and wood chip layers in a fermentation tank alternately in layers to ensure that one wood chip layer is arranged at a ventilation port at the bottom of the fermentation tank and is arranged in a single layer, wherein the thickness of each layer of dewatered sludge is 2-3cm, then carrying out aerobic fermentation on the laid wood chip layer and the dewatered sludge, and the ventilation rate is 1m3The fermentation period is 28 days per min.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the cumulative amount of ammonia gas accumulated in the fermentation processes of the above examples and comparative examples as a function of fermentation time, from which it can be seen that: compared with the comparative example, the total amount of ammonia volatilization in the example is reduced from 2491.6mg to 2080.1mg, and the total amount of ammonia volatilization is obviously reduced, and the result shows that the bamboo charcoal is used as a layering material, so that the volatilization of ammonia in the composting process is obviously reduced.
FIG. 3 is a key curve of temperature versus fermentation time for the fermentation process of the above examples and comparative examples, from which it can be seen that: the temperature rise process can be smoothly realized under the two groups of composting conditions, the temperature of the composting in the high-temperature period rises to 59.4 ℃ in the embodiment, and is 55.6 ℃ in the comparative example, namely the composting process can still be smoothly finished under the condition of not using the traditional conditioner, and the highest temperature of the high-temperature period is higher than that of the comparative example.
The foregoing embodiments illustrate the principles, principal features and advantages of the invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the principles of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A fermentation method of a multi-layer aerobic fermentation system, and a device thereofThe multi-layer aerobic fermentation system comprises a fermentation tank body, wherein a sludge layer and a bamboo charcoal layer are alternately laid in the fermentation tank body from top to bottom, the bottom layer is a bamboo charcoal layer, the bamboo charcoal layer is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoals with downward openings in a single layer manner, and the upper part and the lower part of the fermentation tank body are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet; the method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: crushing commercially available cylindrical bamboo charcoal to form semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoal, alternately laying dewatered sludge and bamboo charcoal layers in a fermentation tank in a layered manner to ensure that a bamboo charcoal layer is arranged at a vent at the bottom layer of the fermentation tank, wherein the bamboo charcoal layer is formed by horizontally arranging a plurality of semi-cylindrical bamboo charcoals with downward openings in a single layer manner, the thickness of each layer of dewatered sludge is 2-3cm, and then carrying out aerobic fermentation on the laid bamboo charcoal layer and the dewatered sludge at the ventilation speed of 0.05-2m3The fermentation period is 28 days per min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611113188.6A CN107353043B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Multilayer aerobic fermentation system and fermentation method thereof |
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| CN201611113188.6A CN107353043B (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | Multilayer aerobic fermentation system and fermentation method thereof |
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| CN107353043B true CN107353043B (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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| CN110447333B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2024-08-02 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Quick composting method for ecological soil of bank slope |
| CN113735643B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-14 | 湖南特沃斯生态科技股份有限公司 | Preparation process of bio-organic fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3152957U (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2009-08-20 | 侯志騰 | Structure of chicken manure processing equipment |
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| JP2001354487A (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-25 | Kankyo Shigen Engineering:Kk | Full-ripe organic fertilizer, method for manufacturing the same and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
| CN101172893A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-05-07 | 浙江大学 | Sludge compost with bamboo charcoal as nitrogen protecting agent and method for producing the same |
| CN101549942A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2009-10-07 | 上海城市污染控制工程研究中心有限公司 | Multilayer fermentation chamber sludge high temperature aerobic fermentation process |
| CN101602620A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2009-12-16 | 清华大学 | The method of aerobic composting with urban sewage and sludge |
| CN101985386B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-04-18 | 湖南多普生环境能源有限公司 | Conditioner and conditioning method for dewatering of domestic sludge |
| CN102786194A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-11-21 | 上海环保（集团）有限公司 | Method for treating sludge through aerobic fermentation at high temperature |
| CN103304117A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-18 | 天津清华德人环境工程有限公司 | Sludge aerobic fermentation treatment method and device |
| CN102627486B (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-11-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method utilizing acidized conditioner to perform sludge aerobic compost |
| CN103212287B (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-12-10 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Method for producing high-efficiency biological deodorizing mixed stuffing |
| CN203904234U (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-29 | 林雪青 | Environment-friendly multifunctional adsorption fermentation tank |
| CN104496569B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2017-08-18 | 郑州大学 | A kind of biodegradable sludge composting fermentation conditioner and its application |
| CN205295174U (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-06-08 | 南京元凯生物能源环保工程有限公司 | Composting reactor |
| CN105503301B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-05-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of solid waste aerobic compost and biological dewatered method |
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| JP3152957U (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2009-08-20 | 侯志騰 | Structure of chicken manure processing equipment |
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| Title |
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| 竹炭与竹醋液对猪粪堆肥过程污染物控制效果及堆肥资源化利用研究;黄向东;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》;20101015(第10期);D043-3 * |
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