CN107352833B - A kind of cement mortar additive and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents

A kind of cement mortar additive and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107352833B
CN107352833B CN201710571578.6A CN201710571578A CN107352833B CN 107352833 B CN107352833 B CN 107352833B CN 201710571578 A CN201710571578 A CN 201710571578A CN 107352833 B CN107352833 B CN 107352833B
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cement mortar
cement
additive
sand
fiber
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CN107352833A (en
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金晓铭
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Liaoning Zhaoli High-Tech Road Surface Material Co Ltd
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Liaoning Zhaoli High-Tech Road Surface Material Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/05—Materials having an early high strength, e.g. allowing fast demoulding or formless casting

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cement mortar additive and preparation method thereof and application methods.The cement mortar additive includes: swelling agent, fiber, amphoteric oxide, lignin amine and active calcium oxide.When in use, cement mortar additive prepared by the present invention and sand, cement and water are stirred evenly to get cement mortar is arrived.The cement mortar prepared using additive of the present invention, with early strength height, cracking resistance, the not characteristics such as accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and preparation cost is low, not only it is able to satisfy the rapid rush-repairs such as improvement, airfield runway and cement pavement or the culvert of city street water drain well, moreover it is possible to meet the rapid constructions requirements such as Equipment Foundations back-grouting, foundation bolt reinforcing.

Description

A kind of cement mortar additive and preparation method thereof and application method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cement mortar additive and preparation method thereof and application method, especially a kind of controllable rapid hardening Super hardening cracking-resistant cement mortar additive.It is lauched using cement mortar prepared by the cement mortar additive suitable for avenue Quick improvement, airport and the cement pavement or bridge floor Rapid-Repair of well, Equipment Foundations back-grouting, foundation bolt reinforcing, tunnel Or the engineerings such as culvert rapid construction or maintenance.
Background technique
Cement mortar or grouting material are mainly used in the fixation of anchoring bolt, machinery bed, steel construction and ground base interface, set Standby basis back-grouting etc..Cement mortar used in certain engine requests have the characteristics that it is solidifying, fast hard, early strong fastly, especially The engineerings such as lower well are administered in the fixation of corner bolt, in order to accelerate construction progress or do not influence traffic, it is desirable that cement mortar used Initial stage setting rate it is very fast.This point, ordinary mortar are then unable to satisfy requirement.CN99106144.6 provides a kind of high-strength super Fluidised form expanding cement grouting material, is made of portland cement, fine silica powder, swelling agent, water-reducing agent, quartz sand, and feature is Good fluidity, but the presetting period is 8~10 hours, be unable to satisfy certain engineerings coagulate fastly, be fast hard, the requirement of rapid construction. CN00116214.4 provides a kind of ultra early-strength grouting material, by cement, yellow ground, early strength agent, acceleration of hydration agent, retarder and diminishing Agent composition.Mortar needs to conserve 1 hour and just starts to harden after pouring, 2 hours can use later, and it is fast to be unable to satisfy engineering Solidifying, fast hard, rapid construction requirement.In addition, this method uses Na2CO3As acceleration of hydration agent, it is general to easily cause cement mortar Alkali causes to corrode to reinforcing bar etc..CN200910065417.5 provides a kind of cement-based floor self-leveling mortar and usage thereof, by Portland cement, high alumina cement, flyash, quartz sand, high efficiency water reducing agent, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, rubber powder, defoaming agent structure At, but 7 hours of its presetting period, it is difficult to meet the requirement of engineering rapid construction.
CN201010252623.X provides a kind of rapid hardening high-strength grouting material, by quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, quartz sand, micro- Silicon powder, high-calcium powder, FDN water-reducing agent, land plaster, lithium carbonate, calcium chloride composition, although the presetting period is more early, at 30 minutes, Fluidity retention is also greater than 190mm, and in the slurry quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement dosage it is more, be 40%~55%, Material cost is higher.
CN201010170715.3 provides a kind of high-strength cement-based damping grouting material, is by 25~60 parts of cement, sand 40~80 parts, it is 0~20 part of flyash, 0.25~2.5 part of water-reducing agent, 0~10 part of swelling agent, 5~40 parts of damping particle, dispersible 0.1~2 part of latex powder, 1~10 part of steel fibre composition, existing higher intensity, and there is damping effect.But when its initial stage hardens Between and early strength do not record.
CN201210439806.1 provides a kind of lower well administering method and accelerated cement mortar dry blend, sand therein Starching dry-mixed material formula by weight includes 22%~40% quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement, 6%~15% normal silicate water Mud, 50%~55% sand, 3%~6% swelling agent, 0.5%~1% water-reducing agent, 0.5%~1% calcium oxide.Due to Its quick setting and rapid hardening is with conspicuous characteristics, can Self-leveling, microdilatancy, after being prepared into mortar, pouring 20 minutes can be hardened, and be suitable for City street water drain well is administered, can reduce the traffic blocking problem because of caused by construction.But freezing and thawing performance existing defects, especially It is in Northeast Area of China, after winter or summer freeze thawing, there is partial exfoliation phenomenon at well head；Since Calcium Oxide Dosage is more, There is accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon in application process, metal component is caused to corrode；There is cracking phenomena in application process in mortar；In addition, by The trade mark that is high in quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement content used, requiring is also high, requires calcium oxide active constituent content used Also high (being greater than 90%), therefore higher cost.
Summary of the invention
For shortcoming existing for cement mortar in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of cement mortar additive and Preparation method and application method.When preparing cement mortar using cement mortar additive of the present invention, early strength is high and can Control, cracking resistance, the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, does not have good cracking resistance and freeze thawing performance.Prepared cement mortar is not only able to satisfy avenue The rapid rush-repairs such as improvement, airfield runway and the cement pavement or culvert of lower well, moreover it is possible to meet Equipment Foundations back-grouting, lower margin The rapid constructions such as screw bolt reinforcing requirement.
Cement mortar additive provided by the invention includes: based on parts by weight
Amphoteric oxide used include beryllium (Be), aluminium (Al), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), germanium (Ge), zirconium (Zr), silver-colored (Ag), tin (Sn), gallium (Ga), indium (In), golden (Au), antimony (Sb), Manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi) element one of oxide or a variety of, preferably BeO, ZnO, TiO2、ZrO2、Fe2O3、 Al2O3、Cr2O3、Ga2O3、Sb2O3、Bi2O3One of or a variety of, further preferably ZnO, Al2O3And TiO2One of or It is a variety of.
Lignin amine used be it is powdered, can be primary amine type, secondary amine type, tertiary amine-type, quaternary, Polyamine Type lignin amine One of or it is a variety of.
Active calcium oxide used be it is powdered, the mass content of active calcium oxide is 72%~80%.
Fiber used includes natural fiber and/or chemical fibre.
The natural fiber includes: one of plant fiber, animal origin, mineral fibres or a variety of.
Further, the plant fiber includes: in kapok, flax, ramie, jute, sisal hemp, abaca, bamboo fibre etc. It is one or more.
Further, the animal origin includes: animal hair such as wool, the rabbit hair, camel hair, goats hair, yakwool Deng one of or it is a variety of.
Further, the mineral fibres is asbestos fibre.
The chemical fibre includes: one of staple fibre, synthetic fibers, inorfil or a variety of.
Further, the staple fibre includes: one of viscose fiber, acetate fiber, copper ammonia fiber or a variety of.
Further, the synthetic fibers include: polyester fiber (terylene), Fypro (polyamide fibre or nylon), gather In alcohol fibers (polyvinyl), polyacrylonitrile fibre (acrylic fibers), polypropylene fibre (polypropylene fibre), polyvinyl chloride fibre (polyvinyl chloride fibre) etc. It is one or more.
Further, the inorfil includes: one of glass fibre, metallic fiber and carbon fiber etc. or more Kind.
Swelling agent used is powdered UEA swelling agent, that is, calcium sulphoaluminate class swelling agent, and specific surface area is not less than 2500cm2/g。
The present invention also provides a kind of cement mortar dry powder, wherein using above-mentioned cement mortar additive.
It further include fine sand and cement in cement mortar dry powder of the invention, the additional amount of fine sand is 43.6~66.6 parts, institute The cement stated includes aluminate cement and portland cement, and the additional amount of aluminate cement is 15.0~30.0 parts, silicate cement The additional amount of mud is 16.0~20.0 parts.
Aluminate cement used, strength grade meets 325 specified in JC714-1996,425,525 3 kind of label One of or it is a variety of.
Portland cement used, strength grade meets 325 specified in GB 175-2007,425,525 3 kind of label One of or it is a variety of.
Fine sand used can be one of natural sand, artificial sand or a variety of, and natural sand can be in river sand, sea sand etc. One or more, artificial sand can be the Machine-made Sand crushed with ore, fine sand preferable mechanism sand used, further preferably stone Sand.It is counted on the basis of the total weight of fine sand, as follows by different-grain diameter proportion:
76~89 parts of 0.6~1.18mm of partial size,
10~20 parts of 0.15~0.6mm of partial size (not including 0.6mm),
1~4 part of partial size < 0.15mm.
When preparing cement mortar using cement mortar additive of the present invention, additional water-reducing agent can not had to, can also be added A small amount of water-reducing agent.In parts by weight, additional amount is 0.4 part hereinafter, 0.1~0.4 part can be added；Water-reducing agent used is to meet Powdered naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent specified in GB8076-2008, main component are naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensation compound.
Cement mortar additive of the present invention can in advance carry out each component being mixed and made into additive agent mixture, then with its He is mixed and made into cement mortar dry powder or cement mortar at cement mortar component, can also be by each component in cement mortar additive Cement mortar is mixed and made into other cement mortar component substeps.
Cement mortar additive of the present invention can be mixed with cement, fine sand in advance, and cement mortar dry powder is made, then with water Mixing, is made cement mortar；It can also be direct by the other components of the cement mortar such as cement mortar additive and cement, fine sand and water It carries out being mixed and made into cement mortar, wherein conventional mechanical mixing can be used in used mixed method.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of cement mortar additive, include the following steps:
(1) all raw materials and equipment are dried, is guaranteed all in drying regime；
(2) lignin amine, active calcium oxide, amphoteric oxide, fiber, swelling agent are added in mixing apparatus in proportion, It is uniformly mixed, obtains cement mortar additive of the present invention.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of cement mortar additive, include the following steps: to add cement mortar Component needed for adding the cement mortar such as agent and aluminate cement, portland cement, fine sand and water is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains cement Mortar.Wherein the quality of water and the ratio of the gross mass of cement mortar additive, aluminate cement, portland cement, fine sand are 0.16~0.18.
In the application method of cement mortar additive of the invention, cement mortar additive, aluminate cement, silicate cement The order of addition of mud, fine sand and water is not particularly limited, but also can be mixed with a step, can also substep or grouping mixing.Than Such as, cement mortar additive and aluminate cement, portland cement, fine sand can be sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains cement mortar Then dry powder mixes cement mortar dry powder with water, cement mortar is made；Can not also be previously prepared at mortar dry powder, but It directly by cement mortar additive and aluminate cement, portland cement, fine sand and water, is uniformly mixed, cement mortar is made.
When preparing cement mortar using cement mortar additive of the present invention, additional water-reducing agent can not had to, can also be added A small amount of water-reducing agent.In parts by weight, additional amount is 0.4 part hereinafter, 0.1~0.4 part can be added.
The cement mortar prepared using cement mortar additive of the invention, suitable for quickly controlling for city street water drain well Reason, airport and cement pavement or bridge floor Rapid-Repair, Equipment Foundations back-grouting, foundation bolt are reinforced, tunnel or culvert are quick The engineerings such as construction or maintenance.
Compared with prior art, cement mortar additive of the present invention has the advantages that
1, cement mortar additive of the invention can be not added water-reducing agent or a small amount of water-reducing agent, when in use, Neng Goushi is added In the case where a small amount of water is now added, it is ensured that mortar has preferable mobility, not conglomeration makes mortar have fast hard and early stage strong Degree is high and controllable, cracking resistance, not the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, and has good cracking resistance and freezing and thawing performance.
2, in cement mortar additive of the present invention, especially because being added to amphoteric oxide, lignin amine, active oxygen simultaneously Change calcium and in the case where a small amount of water is added, using performances such as the foaminess of lignin amine and lubricities, promotes each object when in use Expect that evenly dispersed in mortar and quick-fit is reacted, the lattice of amphoteric oxide hydrated reaction product easy to form, energy Promote the formation of hydrated reaction of cement crystalline product, improves crystal structure intensity, and cooperate with active calcium oxide and promote aquation anti- It should quickly carry out, shorten the induction period of hydration reaction, so that mortar is had the characteristics that fast hard and super hardening, shorten engineering construction Time is adjusted mortar initial stage firm time, keeps its initial stage hard especially by the dosage for changing amphoteric oxide and lignin amine The change time is controllable, is convenient for constructing operation.Meanwhile amphoteric oxide etc. is reacted with alkali caused by hydrated reaction of cement, drop Low mortar alkalinity, avoids the mortar accumulation of salt in the surface soil from causing the corrosion to metal component.Further, since being added to fiber, lacing wire work is played With simultaneously because amount of water is less, volume contraction amplitude caused by evaporating because of moisture reduces, and is suitable for uniform micro-bubble Generation forms fine hole after being conducive to hardening, has both been avoided that cement mortar because in hardening process under such mating reaction Problem of Cracking caused by volume contraction, and problem of Cracking caused by being avoided that because of freeze thawing.
3, calcium oxide effective component mass content used in cement mortar additive of the present invention is lower, and price is lower, drop Low material cost.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiment technical solution that the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
Fine sand used in following embodiment and comparative example of the present invention, is counted, particle diameter distribution on the basis of fine sand total weight are as follows:
85 parts of 0.6~1.18mm of partial size,
12 parts of 0.15~0.6mm of partial size (not including 0.6mm),
3 parts of partial size < 0.15mm.
Embodiment 1
In the case where confirming various raw materials and equipment drying regime, weighing the active calcium oxide of 2.0kg, (active calcium oxide quality contains Amount for 80%), the amphoteric oxide (Al of the lignin amine of 4.0kg (quaternary), 6.0kg2O3), (kapok is fine for the fiber of 5.0kg Dimension), U-shaped swelling agent (the specific surface area 2800cm of 10.0kg2/ g), it is added in mixing apparatus and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains Cement mortar additive A of the present invention, sealed package.Process using additive A preparation cement mortar dry powder is as follows: to additive In A add 150.0kg strength grade be 425 aluminate cement, 160.0kg strength grade be 525 portland cement, The quartz sand of 663.0kg is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains cement mortar dry powder A, sealed package.Mortar dry powder A is mixed with water Conjunction stirs evenly, and obtains cement mortar.Cement mortar additive proportion is shown in Table 1, and mortar dry powder proportion is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 2
In the case where confirming various raw materials and equipment drying regime, weighing the active calcium oxide of 4.0kg, (active calcium oxide quality contains Amount for 72%), (polyester is fine for the fiber of the amphoteric oxide (ZnO) of the lignin amine of 8.0kg (tertiary amine-type), 10.0kg, 9.0kg Dimension), U-shaped swelling agent (the specific surface area 3000cm of 27.0kg2/ g), it is added in mixing apparatus and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains Cement mortar additive B of the present invention, sealed package.Process using additive B preparation cement mortar dry powder is as follows: to additive In B add 300.0kg strength grade be 325 aluminate cement, 200.0kg strength grade be 425 portland cement, The river sand of 442kg is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains cement mortar dry powder B, sealed package.Mortar dry powder B mix stirring with water It mixes uniformly, obtains cement mortar.Cement mortar additive proportion is shown in Table 1, and mortar dry powder proportion is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 3
In the case where confirming various raw materials and equipment drying regime, weighing the active calcium oxide of 3.0kg, (active calcium oxide quality contains Amount for 75%), the amphoteric oxide (TiO of the lignin amine of 5.0kg (Polyamine Type), 8.0kg2), (asbestos are fine for the fiber of 6.0kg Dimension), U-shaped swelling agent (the specific surface area 2900cm of 17.0kg2/ g), it is added in mixing apparatus and is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains Cement mortar additive C of the present invention, sealed package.Process using addition of C preparation cement mortar dry powder is as follows: to additive In C add 225.0kg strength grade be 525 aluminate cement, 180.0kg strength grade be 325 portland cement, The sea sand of 556kg is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains cement mortar dry powder C, sealed package.Mortar dry powder C mix stirring with water It mixes uniformly, obtains cement mortar.Cement mortar additive proportion is shown in Table 1, and mortar dry powder proportion is shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 1
Cement mortar dry blend is prepared according to the embodiment 1 that CN201210439806.1 is provided, specific as follows:
Weigh the ordinary portland cement that quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement 22kg, strength grade that strength grade is 425 are 525 15kg, quartz sand 55kg, U-shaped swelling agent 6kg, naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent 1.0kg, calcium oxide 1.0kg, are added to blender together In, it releases after mixing evenly, obtains cement mortar dry blend DA.Cement mortar property is shown in Table 3.
Comparative example 2
Cement mortar dry blend is prepared according to the embodiment 2 that CN201210439806.1 is provided, specific as follows:
Weigh the ordinary portland cement that quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement 40kg, strength grade that strength grade is 525 are 425 6kg, river sand 50kg, U-shaped swelling agent 3kg, naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent 0.5kg, calcium oxide 0.5kg, are added in blender together, stir It is released after mixing uniformly, obtains cement mortar dry blend DB.Cement mortar property is shown in Table 3.
Comparative example 3
Compared with Example 1, difference is to be added without amphoteric oxide, obtains cement mortar additive DC.Cement mortar Additive formula is shown in Table 1, and mortar dry powder DC proportion is shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 4
Compared with Example 1, difference is to be added without lignin amine, obtains cement mortar additive DD.Cement mortar addition Agent proportion is shown in Table 1, and mortar dry powder DD proportion is shown in Table 2.
1 embodiment of the present invention of table and comparative example prepare the raw material proportioning of cement mortar additive
The raw material proportioning of 2 embodiment of the present invention of table and comparative example preparation cement mortar dry powder
Mortar performance test experiments
It is spare that cement mortar dry powder 10kg prepared by above-described embodiment 1~3 and comparative example 3 is weighed respectively；It presses at normal temperature Water is weighed for 0.18 according to the mass ratio of water and dry powder, is placed in different containers；While stirring by load weighted cement mortar Dry powder is added in water, and after having added, quickly stirring 2 minutes, respectively obtain cement mortar A, B, C and DC.Then mortar is surveyed The properties such as fluidity, divergence, air content, expansion rate, separating degree；Then it is poured in experiment mould, is had to mortar It is demoulded after some strength, intensity of the detection cement mortar in molding initial stage different time points；After health 7 days, according to Slow jelly method in GBJ82 " normal concrete long-term behaviour and endurance quality experimental method " does freeze-thaw cycle experiment, circulating freezing resistance After 100 times, mass loss and compressive strength rate are tested；Visual observations accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon after molding 28 days；It is answered in outdoor entity project With in the process, the seminess of mortar hardening rear surface is observed.Above-mentioned experimental result is shown in Table 3.
The cement mortar dry blend 10kg for weighing above-mentioned comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 respectively is spare；At normal temperature according to water with The mass ratio of dry blend weighs water for 0.20, is placed in different containers；It is while stirring that load weighted cement mortar is dry-mixed Material is added in water, and after having added, quickly stirring 2 minutes, respectively obtain cement mortar DA and DB.Then it tests according to the above method And evaluation mortar performance.It the results are shown in Table 3.For comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, when the mass ratio of water and dry blend is 0.18, Because water consumption is few, although can stir evenly, the mobility of mortar is poor, can not Self-leveling, water need to be supplemented, make water and dry powder Mass ratio reach 0.20, then could test according to the method described above.
The cement mortar dry powder 10kg for weighing above-mentioned comparative example 4 is spare；It is according to the mass ratio of water and dry powder at normal temperature 0.30 weighs water, is placed in different containers；Load weighted cement mortar dry powder is added in water while stirring, has been added Afterwards, it quickly stirs 2 minutes, obtains cement mortar DD.Then test and evaluate according to the above method mortar performance.It the results are shown in Table 3.It is right For comparative example 4, when the mass ratio of water and dry powder is 0.18, water consumption is few, can not stir evenly, easy to knot groups, need to increase use Water makes the mass ratio of water and dry powder reach 0.30, then could test according to the method described above.
The testing result of 3 cement mortar of table
The testing result of 3 cement mortar of continued
Seen from table 3, the cement mortar being prepared into using cement mortar additive of the present invention, initial stage compression strength are increased very Fastly, the construction time can be shortened；By the adjustment of the dosage of each raw material, especially amphoteric oxide and lignin amine dosage, it is adjusted The initial stage firm time of mortar, to be suitable for different entity project constructing operation requirements；Air content is 4.0%~4.8%, is had Decline conducive to, to the buffering of volume change, can reduce the compression strength because of caused by freeze thawing in mortar frozen-thaw process, health 7 days Frozen process experiment result afterwards also demonstrates this point；Health 28 days corrosion-free to metal component without accumulation of salt in the surface soil phenomenon.And it uses and compares Cement mortar DA, DB and DD that the cement mortar additive of example is prepared into, because moisture evaporates, cause volume to be received in entity application Contracting, often there is crackle appearance, once there is moisture infiltration, will affect the intensity of mortar, and mortar flawless phenomenon of the present invention.

Claims (24)

1. a kind of cement mortar additive is grouped as by following groups, by weight:
Wherein, the lignin amine be it is powdered, the active calcium oxide be it is powdered, active calcium oxide mass content be 72% ~80%.
2. cement mortar additive described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: the amphoteric oxide is ZnO, TiO2、 Al2O3One of or it is a variety of.
3. cement mortar additive described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lignin amine is primary amine type, secondary amine One of type, tertiary amine-type, quaternary, Polyamine Type lignin amine are a variety of.
4. cement mortar additive described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: the swelling agent is that powdered UEA is swollen Swollen dose i.e. calcium sulphoaluminate class swelling agent, specific surface area are not less than 2500cm2/g。
5. cement mortar additive described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: fiber used include natural fiber and/ Or chemical fibre；The natural fiber is one of plant fiber, animal origin, mineral fibres or a variety of.
6. cement mortar additive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the plant fiber be kapok, flax, One of ramie, jute, sisal hemp, abaca, bamboo fibre are a variety of.
7. cement mortar additive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the animal origin is animal hair.
8. cement mortar additive according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the animal hair is wool, the rabbit hair, white horse with a black mane One of camel hair, goats hair, yakwool are a variety of.
9. cement mortar additive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the mineral fibres is asbestos fibre.
10. cement mortar additive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the chemical fibre is staple fibre； The staple fibre is one of viscose fiber, acetate fiber, copper ammonia fiber or a variety of.
11. cement mortar additive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the chemical fibre is synthetic fibers； The synthetic fibers are polyester fiber, Fypro, vinal, polyacrylonitrile fibre, polypropylene fibre, polychlorostyrene One of vinyl fiber is a variety of.
12. cement mortar additive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the chemical fibre is inorfil； The inorfil is one of glass fibre, metallic fiber and carbon fiber or a variety of.
13. a kind of cement mortar dry powder, it is characterised in that using any additive of claim 1-12.
14. cement mortar dry powder according to claim 13, it is characterised in that: further include cement and fine sand, fine sand adds Entering amount is 43.6~66.6 parts, and the cement includes aluminate cement and portland cement, and the additional amount of aluminate cement is 15.0~30.0 parts, the additional amount of portland cement is 16.0~20.0 parts.
15. cement mortar dry powder according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: the strength grade of the aluminate cement accords with It closes 325 specified in JC714-1996,425, one of 525 3 kind of label or a variety of, the strength grade symbol of portland cement It closes 325 specified in GB175-2007,425, one of 525 3 kind of label or a variety of.
16. cement mortar dry powder according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: fine sand used is natural sand, artificial sand One of or it is a variety of, natural sand be one of river sand, sea sand or a variety of, artificial sand is the Machine-made Sand crushed with ore.
17. cement mortar dry powder according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: fine sand used is the machine crushed with ore Sand processed.
18. cement mortar dry powder according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: fine sand used is quartz sand.
19. cement mortar dry powder according to claim 14, it is characterised in that: fine sand used is on the basis of its total weight Meter, as follows by different-grain diameter proportion:
76~89 parts of 0.6~1.18mm of partial size,
Partial size >=10~20 parts of 0.15mm and < 0.6mm,
1~4 part of partial size < 0.15mm.
20. the preparation method of any cement mortar additive of claim 1~12, it is characterised in that:
(1) all raw materials and equipment are dried, is guaranteed all in drying regime；
(2) lignin amine, active calcium oxide, amphoteric oxide, fiber, swelling agent are added in mixing apparatus in proportion, are mixed Uniformly, cement mortar additive is obtained.
21. the application method of any cement mortar additive of claim 1~12, it is characterised in that:
Cement mortar additive and aluminate cement, portland cement, fine sand, water are sufficiently mixed uniformly, cement mortar is obtained, Wherein, the ratio of the quality of water and the gross mass of additive, aluminate cement, portland cement, fine sand is 0.16~0.18.
22. according to the application method described in claim 21, it is characterised in that: prepare cement mortar using cement mortar additive When, not additional water-reducing agent, or a small amount of water-reducing agent is added, in parts by weight, additional amount is 0.4 part or less.
23. according to the application method described in claim 22, it is characterised in that: the water-reducing agent additional amount is 0.1~0.4 part.
24. according to application method described in claim 22 or 23, it is characterised in that: water-reducing agent used is to meet GB8076- Powdered naphthalene series high-efficiency water-reducing agent specified in 2008.
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