CN107351740A - A kind of automobile active noise reduction seat - Google Patents
A kind of automobile active noise reduction seat Download PDFInfo
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- CN107351740A CN107351740A CN201710506351.3A CN201710506351A CN107351740A CN 107351740 A CN107351740 A CN 107351740A CN 201710506351 A CN201710506351 A CN 201710506351A CN 107351740 A CN107351740 A CN 107351740A
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- Prior art keywords
- noise
- acoustic mode
- noise reduction
- series
- mode
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/879—Head-rests with additional features not related to head-rest positioning, e.g. heating or cooling devices or loudspeakers
Abstract
Presently disclosed a kind of automobile active noise reduction seat, the active noise reduction seat include base, backrest and headrest, in addition to：M with reference to microphone, N number of error microphone, active noise reduction controller and two loudspeakers.Compared with prior art, automobile active noise reduction seat disclosed in this invention is higher by a series of degree of accuracy of incoherent optimal noise control modes obtained with reference to acoustic mode S [n], it can more match with the noise pattern in cabin, the echo signal Y [n] and noise that are sent further according to optimal noise control mode matching degree are also higher, so as to realize the wideband noise reduction to specific region noise in cabin, noise reduction is more obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile technical field, more particularly to a kind of automobile active noise reduction seat.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for modern industry, communications and transportation and aviation industry, car ownership also more and more higher.And with
Raising, the reinforcement of environmental consciousness and the development of auto industry that people are required vehicle ride comfort, the noise of automobile
Control is increasingly subject to the attention of people.
At present, the control of automobile interior noise is mainly based on passive control.The passive control of automobile interior noise is main
It is structure design by optimizing automobile and carries out physics noise reduction using sound-absorbing material on automobile, realizes automobile interior noise
Control.The passive control of this automobile interior noise is obvious for the shield effectiveness of high band noise, but is made an uproar for middle low frequency
The control effect of sound then unobvious.
With the development of automobile noise reduction technology, the active control of automobile interior noise also increasingly receives the favor of people.
The principle of the active control of automobile interior noise is：All sound is all made up of certain frequency spectrum, can find a kind of sound,
Its frequency spectrum and the automobile interior noise to be eliminated are just the same, and simply phase is just opposite (180 ° of difference), it is possible to by vapour
Car interior noise is completely counterbalanced by.Its key problem in technology is how to obtain that sound for offsetting noise.
Now, although the active control of automobile interior noise has obtained certain research and application, current automobile
The active control technology of interior noise is not mature enough, and Noise measarement effect is also not ideal enough.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of automobile active noise reduction seat, to solve the above problems.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of automobile active noise reduction seat, the active noise reduction seat include base, backrest and headrest, in addition to：
M refer to microphone, and described M is arranged on the headrest front with reference to microphone, for gathering main noise x [n],
Wherein, M is the integer not less than 1；
N number of error microphone, N number of error microphone are arranged on the back side of the headrest, are controlled for acquisition noise
Residual noise e [n] afterwards, wherein, N is the integer not less than 1；
Active noise reduction controller, the active noise reduction controller refer to microphone and error microphone phase with described respectively
Even, for receiving main noise x [n] and residual noise e [n], and extracted according to main noise x [n] and a series of incoherent refer to sound
Mode S [n] is learned, further according to a series of incoherent noise controls optimal with reference to acoustic mode S [n] and residual noise e [n] generations
Molding formula；
Two loudspeakers, described two loudspeakers are symmetricly set on headrest and the both sides of backrest junction, and with the master
Dynamic noise reduction controller is connected, and target is sent for receiving optimal noise control mode, and according to optimal noise control mode
Signal Y [n] is to reduce noise.
Preferably, the active noise reduction controller, including：
It is described to be connected with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit with described with reference to microphone with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit, use
In reception main noise x [n], and it is a series of incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n] according to main noise x [n] extractions；
Noise control mode predicting unit, the noise control mode predicting unit respectively with the error microphone and ginseng
Examine acoustic mode separation subelement to be connected, for receiving residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S
[n], and according to residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent noise control modes optimal with reference to acoustic mode S [n] generations.
Preferably, it is described with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit, including：
Subelement is extracted with reference to acoustic mode, it is described to be made an uproar with reference to acoustic mode extraction subelement for receiving main noise sound source
Sound x [n], and will extraction function E-1It is applied in main noise x [n], extracts a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n]：
S'[n]=E-1(x[n])；
Subelement is separated with reference to acoustic mode, it is described to be carried with reference to acoustic mode separation subelement with described with reference to acoustic mode
It is take subelement, a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n for receiving], and contrast function D is acted on and a series of refers to acoustic mode
Formula S'[n] in：
D (S'[n])=I [S'[1] ... S'[k]],
Use adjust automatically algorithm adjust automatically extraction function E-1, a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n] between it is mutual
Information I [S'[1] ... S'[k]] it is minimum when, output it is a series of it is incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n].
Preferably, the noise control mode predicting unit, including：
Path transfer function analyzes subelement, and path transfer function analysis subelement is used to analyzing echo signal from raising
Sound device and obtains the path transfer function H of the prediction for noise control mode to the path transfer function of error microphone
[n]；
Sef-adapting filter, the sef-adapting filter pass with path transfer function analysis subelement, error respectively
Sound device is connected with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit, for receiving the path transfer function H of the prediction for noise control mode
[n], residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S [n], and FX-LMS algorithms are based on, pass through to adjust and filter
H [n] and μ in ripple device weight coefficient calculation formula w [n+1]=w [n]+μ e [n] H [n] S [n] are to constantly update power
Number w, until residual noise e (n) convergence when convergence factor μ minimums when, export optimal noise control mode Y [n]=wS
[n]。
Preferably, M=4.
Preferably, N=3.
Preferably, the active noise reduction controller is located at below the base.
It can be seen that automobile active noise reduction seat disclosed in this invention, positive with reference to transaudient by being arranged on the headrest
Main noise x [n] at device collection automotive seat, after being arranged on the positive error microphone acquisition noise control of the headrest
Residual noise e [n], then main noise x [n] and residual noise e [n] is received by active noise reduction controller, and according to main noise x
[n] extraction it is a series of it is incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n], further according to it is a series of it is incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n] and
Residual noise e [n] generates optimal noise control mode, finally again through being symmetricly set on the headrest and backrest junction both sides
Loudspeaker echo signal Y [n] is sent to reduce noise according to optimal noise control mode.Compared with prior art, this hair
Bright disclosed automobile active noise reduction seat passes through a series of incoherent optimal noise controls obtained with reference to acoustic mode S [n]
The degree of accuracy of molding formula is higher, can more match with the noise pattern in cabin, be sent further according to optimal noise control mode
Echo signal Y [n] and noise matching degree it is also higher, so as to realize in cabin specific region noise wideband noise reduction imitate
Fruit, noise reduction are more obvious.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of automobile active noise reduction seat positive structure schematic disclosed in this invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of automobile active noise reduction seat back structural representation disclosed in this invention；
Noise profile figure at human ear before and after Fig. 3 opens for automobile active noise reduction seat disclosed in this invention.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Technical scheme is further elaborated with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of automobile active noise reduction seat, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the active noise reduction seat
Chair includes seat main body, in addition to：
M refer to microphone, and described M is arranged on the headrest front with reference to microphone, for gathering main noise x [n],
Wherein, M is the integer not less than 1.In the present embodiment, the M=4, i.e., microphone is referred to including 4 in the present embodiment.
In addition, M can also be the numerical value such as 1,2,3,5, the selection of M numerical value is relevant with the area and permissible accuracy rested the head on, so in M numbers
Need to be determined according to actual conditions in the selection of value.In addition, the main noise can be understood as in vehicle traveling process, will
Engine compartment noise under different rotating speeds, the road under the middle low frequency range noise and different road conditions of vehicle-mounted voice band device radiation are made an uproar attached
The noise set positioning main noise x [n] of part.Wherein, the matrix that x [n] is made up of sampling of the n discrete time to main noise.
The acoustic properties of main noise include amplitude, phase and frequency.
N number of error microphone, N number of error microphone are arranged on the back side of the headrest, are controlled for acquisition noise
Residual noise e [n] afterwards, wherein, N is the integer not less than 1.In the present embodiment, the N=3, i.e., wrap in the present embodiment
Include 3 error microphones.In addition, N can also be the numerical value such as 1,2,4,5, selection and the headrest of N numerical value the same with M value
Area is relevant with permissible accuracy, so being chosen in N numerical value needs to be determined according to actual conditions.In addition, the remnants
Noise can be understood as residual noise e [n] actually by noise remaining after automotive seat Noise measarement, can also
It is interpreted as being sitting in the noise that the people on automotive seat can experience.Residual noise e [n] is n discrete time to residual noise
The formed matrix of sampling.
Active noise reduction controller, the active noise reduction controller refer to microphone and error microphone phase with described respectively
Even, for receiving main noise x [n] and residual noise e [n], and extracted according to main noise x [n] and a series of incoherent refer to sound
Mode S [n] is learned, further according to a series of incoherent noise controls optimal with reference to acoustic mode S [n] and residual noise e [n] generations
Molding formula.In the present embodiment, the active noise reduction controller is arranged on below automotive seat, but the present invention is not intended to limit tool
The installation position of body.Wherein, the active noise reduction controller, including：
It is described to be connected with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit with described with reference to microphone with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit, use
In reception main noise x [n], and it is a series of incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n] according to main noise x [n] extractions.Further,
The reference acoustic mode extraction unit, including：
Subelement is extracted with reference to acoustic mode, it is described to be made an uproar with reference to acoustic mode extraction subelement for receiving main noise sound source
Sound x [n], and will extraction function E-1It is applied in main noise x [n], extracts a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n]：
S'[n]=E-1(x [n]), wherein, extraction function E-1It is the linear mapping function with memory function, performs convolution
Computing, the acoustic mode mainly include three key elements of noise signal, i.e. amplitude, phase and frequency information.Main noise x [n]
Matrix element and a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n] it is mapping relations between matrix element.
Subelement is separated with reference to acoustic mode, it is described to be carried with reference to acoustic mode separation subelement with described with reference to acoustic mode
It is take subelement to be connected, a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n for receiving], and contrast function D is acted on and a series of refers to sound
Learn Mode S ' in [n]：
D (S'[n])=I [S'[1] ... S'[k]],
Use adjust automatically algorithm adjust automatically extraction function E-1, a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n] between it is mutual
Information I [S'[1] ... S'[k]] it is minimum when, output it is a series of it is incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n].Wherein, adjusted using automatic
Whole algorithm adjust automatically extraction function E-1Process it is as follows：
(1) if I ＞ 0, adjust E-1, change x [n] and S'[n] between mapping relations, continue to judge；
(2) if I=0, E is used-1Extraction function as extraction process.
A series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S [n] are separated from default main noise source come out most
Representative acoustic mode.Active noise reduction seat disclosed in the present embodiment is applied to polymorphic type sound source by function is extracted
In multiple reference signal inputs, by Adaptive adjusting algorithm extract the optimization of function, can effectively ensure extracted acoustics
The degree of accuracy of pattern.
Noise control mode predicting unit, the noise control mode predicting unit respectively with the error microphone and ginseng
Examine acoustic mode separation subelement to be connected, for receiving residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S
[n], and according to residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent noise control modes optimal with reference to acoustic mode S [n] generations.
Further, the noise control mode predicting unit, including：
Path transfer function analyzes subelement, and path transfer function analysis subelement is used to analyzing echo signal from raising
Sound device to error microphone path transfer function, and obtain for noise control mode prediction path transfer function H [n],
It is a period that the process, which can be understood as time span corresponding to n sampled point, if system includes E loudspeaker and F is missed
Poor microphone, then EF bang path is formed between loudspeaker and error microphone, now, analyze j-th of path transfer function H
Whether [j] causes residual noise e (n) to be restrained in n sampling number：(1) if convergence, Noise measarement mould is carried out using H [j]
The prediction of formula；(2) if not restraining, H [j] analysis is abandoned, above step is repeated and H [j+1] is analyzed；
Sef-adapting filter, the sef-adapting filter pass with path transfer function analysis subelement, error respectively
Sound device is connected with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit, and the path transfer function H of noise control mode prediction is used for for receiving
[n], residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S [n], and FX-LMS algorithms are based on, pass through to adjust and filter
H [n] and μ in ripple device weight coefficient calculation formula w [n+1]=w [n]+μ e [n] H [n] S [n] are to constantly update power
Number w, until residual noise e (n) convergence when convergence factor μ minimums when, export optimal noise control mode Y [n]=wS
[n]。
The optimal noise control mode Y [n] can most match with a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S [n],
I.e. amplitude is identical with frequency and the pattern of opposite in phase, could effectively be offseted with this with main noise, reaches optimal noise reduction
Effect.
Two loudspeakers, described two loudspeakers are symmetricly set on the headrest and the both sides of backrest junction, and with institute
State active noise reduction controller to be connected, sent for receiving optimal noise control mode, and according to optimal noise control mode
Echo signal Y [n] is to reduce noise.
Because optimal noise control mode Y [n] can most match with a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S [n],
The echo signal (sound) then sent according to optimal noise control mode could effectively offset main noise, reach optimal
Noise reduction.
It can be seen that automobile active noise reduction seat disclosed in this invention, positive with reference to transaudient by being arranged on the headrest
Main noise x [n] at device collection automotive seat, after being arranged on the positive error microphone acquisition noise control of the headrest
Residual noise e [n], then main noise x [n] and residual noise e [n] is received by active noise reduction controller, and according to main noise x
[n] extraction it is a series of it is incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n], further according to it is a series of it is incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n] and
Residual noise e [n] generates optimal noise control mode, finally again through being symmetricly set on the headrest and backrest junction both sides
Loudspeaker echo signal Y [n] is sent to reduce noise according to optimal noise control mode.Compared with prior art, this hair
Bright disclosed automobile active noise reduction seat passes through a series of incoherent optimal noise controls obtained with reference to acoustic mode S [n]
The degree of accuracy of molding formula is higher, can more match with the noise pattern in cabin, be sent further according to optimal noise control mode
Echo signal Y [n] and noise matching degree it is also higher, so as to realize in cabin specific region noise wideband noise reduction imitate
Fruit, noise reduction are more obvious.
In addition, the present embodiment is a series of incoherent with reference to acoustic mode and residual noise in main noise, it is adaptive
Optimal Filter weight coefficient is answered, to export the optimal noise control mode high with referring to acoustic mode matching degree, further according to
The optimal noise control mode sends target acoustic signal corresponding with the optimal noise control mode, in the reality of automotive seat
Now noise reduction to greatest extent.
Further, the automobile active noise reduction seat applications scope disclosed in the present embodiment is wide, does not limit vehicle, universality
It is stronger.
As shown in figure 3, the present embodiment is further disclosed under certain speed, the active drop of this automobile active noise reduction seat
Before controller of making an uproar is opened and after opening, the noise spectrum that is measured at human ear, pass through contrast, active provided by the present invention
Active noise reduction significant effect of the noise reduction schemes in wide frequency range.
Finally it should be noted that：It is symmetrical arranged and is referred not only on locus symmetrically, in both sides described in the present embodiment
It is also equal relation in the quantity of setting.Moreover, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to it
Limitation；Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：
It can still modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or which part technical characteristic is carried out etc.
With replacement；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme
Spirit and scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of automobile active noise reduction seat, the active noise reduction seat includes base, backrest and headrest, it is characterised in that also
Including：
M refer to microphone, and described M is arranged on the headrest front with reference to microphone, for gathering main noise x [n], its
In, M is the integer not less than 1；
N number of error microphone, N number of error microphone are arranged on the back side of the headrest, after being controlled for acquisition noise
Residual noise e [n], wherein, N is the integer not less than 1；
Active noise reduction controller, the active noise reduction controller are connected with reference to microphone and error microphone with described, used respectively
In receiving main noise x [n] and residual noise e [n], and extracted according to main noise x [n] and a series of incoherent refer to acoustic mode
A series of S [n], further according to incoherent Noise measarement moulds optimal with reference to acoustic mode S [n] and residual noise e [n] generations
Formula；
Two loudspeakers, described two loudspeakers are symmetricly set on headrest and the both sides of backrest junction, and are dropped with the active
Controller of making an uproar is connected, and echo signal Y is sent for receiving optimal noise control mode, and according to optimal noise control mode
[n] is to reduce noise.
2. automobile active noise reduction seat according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the active noise reduction controller, including：
It is described to be connected with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit with described with reference to microphone with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit, for connecing
Main noise x [n] is received, and it is a series of incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n] according to main noise x [n] extractions；
Noise control mode predicting unit, the noise control mode predicting unit is respectively with the error microphone and with reference to sound
Modal cutoff subelement is learned to be connected, for receiving residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S [n], and
According to residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent noise control modes optimal with reference to acoustic mode S [n] generations.
3. automobile active noise reduction seat according to claim 2, it is characterised in that it is described to refer to acoustic mode extraction unit,
Including：
Subelement is extracted with reference to acoustic mode, it is described to be used to receive main noise Sound source noise x with reference to acoustic mode extraction subelement
[n], and will extraction function E-1It is applied in main noise x [n], extracts a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n]：
S'[n]=E-1(x[n])；
Subelement is separated with reference to acoustic mode, it is described with reference to acoustic mode separation subelement and reference acoustic mode extraction
Unit, a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n for receiving], and contrast function D is acted on into a series of reference acoustic mode S'
In [n]：
D (S'[n])=I [S'[1] ... S'[k]],
Use adjust automatically algorithm adjust automatically extraction function E-1, a series of with reference to acoustic mode S'[n] between mutual information I
[S'[1] ... S'[k]] it is minimum when, output it is a series of it is incoherent with reference to acoustic mode S [n].
4. automobile active noise reduction seat according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the noise control mode predicting unit,
Including：
Path transfer function analyzes subelement, and the path transfer function analysis subelement is used to analyze echo signal from loudspeaker
To the path transfer function of error microphone, and obtain the path transfer function H [n] of the prediction for noise control mode；
Sef-adapting filter, the sef-adapting filter analyze subelement, error microphone with the path transfer function respectively
Be connected with reference to acoustic mode extraction unit, for receive the prediction for noise control mode path transfer function H [n],
Residual noise e [n] and a series of incoherent reference acoustic mode S [n], and FX-LMS algorithms are based on, by adjusting wave filter
H [n] and μ in weight coefficient calculation formula w [n+1]=w [n]+μ e [n] H [n] S [n] constantly update weight coefficient w,
Until residual noise e (n) convergence when convergence factor μ minimums when, export optimal noise control mode Y [n]=wS [n].
5. automobile active noise reduction seat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that M=4.
6. automobile active noise reduction seat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that N=3.
7. automobile active noise reduction seat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the active noise reduction controller is positioned at described
Below base.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107995566A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-05-04 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of automobile noise active control device |
| CN108189724A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-22 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of automobile feedback control active noise reduction neckpillow |
| CN110025154A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-19 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of household active noise reduction seat and the active denoising method applied to it |
| WO2019201028A1 (en) * | 2018-04-21 | 2019-10-24 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Active noise control system in high speed train |
| WO2023169026A1 (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2023-09-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Vehicle seat, loudspeaker and vehicle |
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