CN107347308B - Two-row mechanical precision seed metering device - Google Patents
Two-row mechanical precision seed metering device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107347308B CN107347308B CN201710609021.7A CN201710609021A CN107347308B CN 107347308 B CN107347308 B CN 107347308B CN 201710609021 A CN201710609021 A CN 201710609021A CN 107347308 B CN107347308 B CN 107347308B
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- cavity
- seeds
- metering device
- storage box
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
Abstract
The two-row mechanical precise seed metering device comprises a storage box, wherein two sides of the storage box are respectively provided with a concave cavity, each concave cavity on the storage box is provided with a seed filling plate and a rotary table which rotate synchronously, the seed filling plate and the corresponding concave cavity are enclosed to form a storage cavity, the storage box is provided with a charging port, the bottom of the storage cavity is a seed filling area, the seed filling plate is provided with a plurality of seed containing pits which can move to the seed filling area, each seed containing pit is provided with a seed outlet, each rotary table is provided with a seed containing cavity corresponding to each seed containing pit, the storage box is fixedly provided with a baffle plate, and the baffle plate is provided with seed delivering holes which are arranged at intervals on a rotating motion path of the seed outlet; the outside cover of carousel is established and is kept off the cover, keeps off the bottom of cover and is equipped with seed metering mouth, and various appearance chambeies all are equipped with out kind mouth, still include and be used for driving all to fill the synchronous pivoted rotation drive arrangement of board and carousel. The device has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, convenient installation and maintenance, high working efficiency, good reliability and stability, low breaking rate and miss-seeding rate and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device.
Background
At present, the existing cotton precision dibbler with better performance has the following steps:
1. air suction type cotton precision dibbler. The stable working speed is about 3.5KM/H, when the seed sowing device works, vacuum is generated in the cavity of the seed sowing device, seeds are adsorbed on the suction holes under the action of pressure difference and synchronously move at uniform speed along with the radial groove disc, in the moving process, excessive seeds are removed by gravity, only one seed is left, the seeds are thrown into the duckbill cavity along the radial groove disc by dead weight and reach the top of the duckbill along with the roller, and one seed throwing is completed. When the duckbill is turned to 15 degrees vertical to the ground and the mulching film is cut into the soil, the seed discharging wheel presses the butterfly spring to open the movable nozzle, and seeds enter the hole under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, so that secondary seed throwing is completed. When the duckbilled is unearthed, the movable mouth returns to the original position under the action of the spring, the duckbilled is closed and is uniformly distributed on the hole sowing roller according to the cotton plant spacing requirement, and continuous sowing operation can be realized.
2. An inner nest type cotton precision planter. The stable working speed of the well-known precise hill planter is about 3.5 KM/H. The seed sowing device has very strict requirements on the size of seeds, and under ideal conditions, the single grain rate can reach 98 percent, and the cavity rate is less than 2 percent, so that the seed sowing device is an ideal mechanical seed sowing device. When the seed metering device works, the lower part of the seed metering device is provided with the inner cavity shaft crank arm which enters the inner cavity under the action of the spring, and the seed taking and cleaning process is finished.
3. The clamp type precision hill planter on cotton film. The cotton seed picking and cleaning device is manufactured by utilizing the principle that the pliers clamp objects, forming a V-shaped groove after opening a certain angle, closing the pliers after materials enter the V-shaped groove, converting external force into positive pressure and friction force of two working surfaces of the pliers, realizing the object clamping purpose, and realizing the seed picking and cleaning of cotton seeds by utilizing the opening and closing actions of the pliers and the action of spring force. The clamp type precise hill planter on cotton film comprises a seed cup, a seed taking device, a seed taking guide rail, a movable nozzle of a hole forming device, a seed adding pipe, a fixed disk, a movable disk, a fixed nozzle of the hole forming device and other parts. The device for realizing the requirement of precision seeding one hole and one grain is a seed taking device. The seed taking device mainly comprises a movable clamp, a fixed clamp and the like, wherein the movable clamp is a main moving part, and the working processes of seed taking, seed cleaning, seed discharging and the like of the seed taking device are controlled by opening and closing the movable clamp relative to the fixed clamp. The parts for controlling the movement of the brake calipers are guide rails, and the track of the guide rails mainly comprises three parts of a seed sowing curve, a holding curve and a seed taking curve. The seed discharging curve mainly enables the movable clamp to be opened rapidly, and the clamped seeds are discharged; the holding curve ensures the opening degree of the movable clamp and the fixed clamp, so that seeds can easily enter the seed taking holes; the seed taking curve mainly enables the movable clamp and the fixed clamp to stably clamp seeds entering the hole. The roller body in the movable clamp assembly moves on the guide rail, and the movable clamp is driven to move by the elastic force of the restoring spring along with the change of the guide rail, so that the movable clamp and the fixed clamp form a V-shaped seed taking groove periodically, and the seed taking, the seed cleaning and the seed feeding of the seed taking device are realized.
4. An electromagnetic cotton precision planter. Firstly, using electromagnetic powder as coating of cotton seeds, and finishing seed taking and seed discharging actions of cotton seeds by generating and disappearing magnetic force, and adopting seed cleaning wheels or brushes for seed cleaning.
The seed metering devices have various advantages, but various places needing to be improved:
1. the air suction type seed sowing device has strong adaptability and good universality, and can realize precise sowing. However, the pneumatic seeder has a complex structure, the air pressure affects the performance of the seeder to a large extent, the air pressure (or vacuum degree) has high requirements on the fan and the power transmission structure thereof, the tightness requirements on the structure of the negative pressure source and the seeder are high, once the structure and the pipeline leak air, the working performance of the seeder is greatly reduced, the seeding is difficult to find, and the large-area leak seeding is possibly caused. When in work, a fan and a power system are additionally arranged, so that the cost is high, and the popularization is disadvantageous in the aspect of cost. The air suction type seed metering device has the defects of high energy consumption, high noise, environmental pollution and intolerance of operators of the seeding machine. And when the ground is uneven or the vibration intensity is high, the seed taking reliability of the seed metering device is affected, and the seed protection function is not realized. It is difficult to achieve precision seeding on a general small-sized seeder. Under the condition that the current farmers conduct decentralized operation and have limited acquisition conditions, the difficulty of popularizing the air suction type precision seeding technology is high.
2. The mechanical seed sowing device has the advantages of simple structure and low cost. However, the method has poor adaptability to cotton seeds, strict seed size requirement, low operation quality, difficulty in meeting the requirement of precision seeding and difficulty in realizing high-speed operation. The seed metering device has the properties of seed taking, seed cleaning and seed metering, but has no seed protection property, can not adapt to the inclined condition of the seed metering device caused by uneven ground, and can not adapt to the condition of larger vibration of the seeder; the seed taking and sowing mechanism is in a full-line working state at 360 degrees on the circumference, and the mechanism is severely worn.
3. The electromagnetic cotton precision seeder is characterized in that a certain amount of magnetic powder is added into coating powder, and the seed taking and the seed sowing of the seed sowing device are realized by utilizing the generation and disappearance of magnetic force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device which has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, convenient installation and maintenance, high working efficiency, good reliability and stability and low breaking rate and miss-seeding rate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the two rows of mechanical precise seed metering devices comprise a storage box, wherein two sides of the storage box are respectively provided with a concave cavity, each concave cavity on the storage box is provided with a seed filling plate and a rotary table which are connected with each other and can synchronously rotate around a horizontal axis, each seed filling plate and each concave cavity are enclosed to form a storage cavity for accommodating seeds, the storage box is provided with a feeding hole for adding seeds into each storage cavity, the bottom of the storage cavity is a seed filling area, each seed filling plate is provided with a plurality of seed containing pits which are positioned in the storage cavity and are provided with seed outlet ports, the seed containing pits are uniformly arranged at intervals around the horizontal axis and can move to the seed filling area along with the rotation of the seed filling plate, each rotary table is provided with a seed containing cavity corresponding to each seed containing pit, the storage box is fixedly provided with a partition plate positioned between the seed filling plate and the rotary table, and the partition plate is provided with a seed delivery hole for communicating the corresponding seed outlet port and the seed containing cavity, and the seed delivery hole and the seed filling area are arranged at intervals on a movement path of the seed outlet ports; the seed metering device is characterized in that a blocking sleeve sleeved outside the rotary table is arranged on the storage box, a seed metering port is arranged at the bottom end of the blocking sleeve, each seed accommodating cavity is provided with a seed outlet communicated with the seed metering port when moving to the position of the seed metering port, and the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device further comprises a rotation driving device for driving all seed charging plates and the rotary table to synchronously rotate.
According to the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device, preferably, the storage box is provided with the arc seed protection plate for shielding the opening of the seed containing recess to prevent seeds from falling out of the seed containing recess, and the arc seed protection plate extends from the seed filling area to the seed delivery hole along the rotation direction of the seed filling plate.
In the above two-row mechanical precision seed metering device, preferably, the seed accommodating recess and the seed outlet form a cavity capable of accommodating only one seed, a rotary brush for removing redundant seeds in the seed accommodating recess is installed in the storage cavity, and the rotary brush is located at a position of the seed filling area close to the arc seed protection plate.
In the two-row mechanical precision seed sowing device, preferably, one end of the arc seed protection plate, which is close to the seed filling area, is provided with a blocking part for preventing excessive seeds in the seed containing recess from passing through.
In the two-row mechanical precise seed metering device, preferably, each storage cavity is provided with a seed guiding inclined plane which is obliquely arranged from top to bottom to the seed filling area.
The two rows of mechanical precision seed metering devices are preferably formed by enclosing concave cavities arranged on the rotary table and corresponding partition plates; each seed filling plate is provided with a convex ring part, and all seed containing concave grooves of each seed filling plate are arranged on the convex ring part.
The two-row mechanical precise seed metering device is characterized in that preferably, each rotary table is fixedly connected with a half shaft, half shafts of the two rotary tables are connected into a rotary shaft through fasteners, the storage box is provided with a shaft mounting cavity, the rotary shaft is mounted in the shaft mounting cavity through two bearings, the rotary driving device comprises an input shaft used for being connected with a power source, and the input shaft is connected with any rotary table.
In the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device, preferably, one end of each blocking sleeve is closed to form a cover body structure for integrally covering the rotary disc, and a plurality of fastener mounting holes are further formed in the blocking sleeve at one side far away from the input shaft.
According to the two-row mechanical precise seed metering device, preferably, the oil injection device for injecting lubricating grease into the shaft installation cavity between the two bearings is arranged on the storage box, the oil injection device comprises the oil injection nozzle arranged on the storage box, the storage box is provided with the grease channel communicated with the oil injection nozzle and the shaft installation cavity, and one side, facing the outer side of the shaft installation cavity, of each bearing is provided with the sealing cover for preventing grease from leaking.
In the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device, preferably, the end parts of the rotating half shafts of the two turntables are provided with a semicircular boss; in a rotating shaft structure formed by connecting rotating half shafts of the two rotating discs, a semicircular boss of any rotating half shaft is propped against the end face of the other rotating half shaft, the side plane of the semicircular boss of any rotating half shaft is attached to the side plane of the semicircular boss of the other rotating half shaft, and the semicircular boss of any rotating half shaft is fixedly connected with the other rotating half shaft through more than one screw; the rotary table connected with the input shaft is provided with a kidney-shaped jack, one end of the input shaft is provided with a kidney-shaped inserting part which is inserted into the kidney-shaped jack and is attached to the inner wall around the kidney-shaped jack, the other end of the input shaft is provided with a counter bore, and the input shaft is fixedly connected with the rotary table through a plurality of screws arranged in the counter bore.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: when the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device works, the rotation driving device drives the seed filling plate and the rotary table to synchronously rotate, various seed containing pits of the seed filling plate firstly move to a seed filling area of the material storage cavity to fill seeds, after the seed filling of the various seed containing pits is completed, the seed containing pits move to seed delivery holes of the partition plate along with the seed filling plate, seeds enter corresponding seed containing cavities on the rotary table through the seed delivery holes of the partition plate, the seeds enter the seed containing cavities and then move to the positions of seed discharging holes of the blocking sleeve along with the rotation of the rotary table, and the seed discharging holes of the seed containing cavities are communicated with the seed discharging holes of the blocking sleeve, so that the seeds are discharged. The precise seed metering device can realize stable and reliable precise seed metering without a spring device, an air suction device, a clamping device and the like which are complex in structure and poor in reliability, is simple and compact in structure, low in cost, convenient to install and maintain, high in working efficiency, good in reliability and stability, and low in breaking rate and miss-seeding rate. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device is suitable for single-row, double-row or multi-row seed metering of any seeds including cotton seeds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial side cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device in a seed charging zone.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device in a seed cleaning zone.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device in a seed protecting zone.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device in a seed delivery zone.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device in a seed guiding region.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device in a seed charging and guiding overlap region.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a two-row mechanical precision seed metering device in a seed charging and feeding overlap region.
Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the seed charging plate.
Fig. 11 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a schematic side view of the turntable.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a main sectional structure of the turntable.
Fig. 14 is a schematic side view of a separator.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a structure of a rotary brush.
Legend description:
1. a storage bin; 11. a storage cavity; 111. a seed filling area; 112. a seed guiding inclined plane; 12. a feed inlet; 13. a shaft mounting cavity; 14. a grease channel; 2. filling a seed plate; 21. a seed accommodating recess; 22. a seed outlet; 23. a convex ring portion; 3. a turntable; 31. a seed accommodating cavity; 311. a seed outlet; 32. a half shaft; 321. semicircular boss; 33. waist-shaped jack; 4. a partition plate; 41. seed delivering holes; 5. a blocking sleeve; 51. a seed metering port; 52. a fastener mounting hole; 6. a rotation driving device; 61. an input shaft; 611. waist-shaped plug-in part; 612. countersink; 62. a sprocket; 7. arc-shaped seed protection plates; 8. rotating the brush; 9. and an oil filling nozzle.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 10 to fig. 14, the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of the embodiment includes a storage box 1, two sides of the storage box 1 are respectively provided with a concave cavity, each concave cavity corresponding to each concave cavity is arranged on the storage box 1, a seed filling plate 2 and a rotary table 3 are connected with each other and can synchronously rotate around a horizontal axis, each seed filling plate 2 and the corresponding concave cavity enclose to form a storage cavity 11 for accommodating seeds, a charging port 12 for adding seeds into each storage cavity 11 is arranged on the storage box 1, the bottom of each storage cavity 11 is a seed filling area 111, a plurality of seed containing recesses 21 for accommodating seeds are arranged in the storage cavity 11 on the seed filling plate 2, each seed containing recess 21 is provided with a seed guiding port 22, the seed containing recesses 21 are uniformly arranged at intervals around the horizontal axis and can move to the seed filling area 111 along with the rotation of the seed filling plate 2, each seed containing recess 21 is in a spoon shape, the opening of each seed filling recess 21 is inclined towards the inside of the storage cavity 11, the seed filling area 111 can be ensured to smoothly enter the seed containing recesses 21 under the actions of gravity, centrifugal force, the internal friction force and the internal wall of the storage cavity 11, and the comprehensive action of the seed containing recesses 21 can be avoided, and the phenomenon of the seed containing recesses can be completely prepared, and the seed protecting phenomenon can be avoided. The turntable 3 is provided with a seed containing cavity 31 corresponding to each seed containing recess 21, the storage box 1 is fixedly provided with a baffle plate 4 positioned between the seed filling plate 2 and the turntable 3, the baffle plate 4 is provided with a seed delivering hole 41 used for communicating the corresponding seed outlet 22 and the seed containing cavity 31, the seed delivering hole 41 and the seed filling area 111 are arranged at intervals on the rotating motion path of the seed outlet 22, the corresponding seed outlet 22 and the seed containing cavity 31 are communicated with each other through the seed delivering hole 41 only when moving to the position of the seed delivering hole 41, so that seeds in the seed containing cavity 21 enter the seed containing cavity 31, and when other positions except the seed delivering hole 41 are arranged, the corresponding seed outlet 22 and the seed containing cavity 31 are separated by the baffle plate 4, so that the seeds in the seed containing cavity 21 cannot enter the seed containing cavity 31; the baffle sleeve 5 sleeved outside the rotary table 3 is arranged on the storage box 1, the seed discharging port 51 is arranged at the bottom end of the baffle sleeve 5, the seed discharging ports 311 communicated with the seed discharging port 51 are arranged in the various seed containing cavities 31 when moving to the position of the seed discharging port 51, when the seed discharging ports 311 of the seed containing cavities 31 are communicated with the seed discharging port 51, seeds in the seed containing cavities 31 are thrown out in a horizontal direction in a horizontal throwing mode, the phenomenon of wall collision is avoided, the seeds are not damaged, and when the various seed containing cavities 31 move to other positions except the seed discharging port 51 along with the rotary table 3 in a rotating mode, the seed discharging ports 311 of the seed containing cavities 31 are closed by the baffle sleeve 5, and the seeds cannot be discharged from the seed discharging ports 311 of the seed containing cavities 31. The two-row mechanical precise seed metering device also comprises a rotation driving device 6 for driving all the seed charging plates 2 and the rotary table 3 to synchronously rotate.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the storage tank 1 is provided with an arc-shaped seed protection plate 7 for shielding the opening of the seed containing recess 21 to prevent seeds from coming out of the seed containing recess 21, the arc-shaped seed protection plate 7 extends from the seed charging area 111 to the seed delivering hole 41 along the rotation direction of the seed charging area 2, and during the movement of the seed containing recess 21 from the seed charging area 111 to the seed delivering hole 41, the arc-shaped seed protection plate 7 shields the opening of the seed containing recess 21 to prevent seeds from coming out of the seed containing recess 21. The arc-shaped seed protection plate 7 is arranged to ensure that seeds are reliably conveyed to the seed delivery holes 41, and the seeds cannot be separated from the seed containing pits 21 under the conditions of inclination and mechanical vibration of the seed metering device, so that the phenomenon of miss-seeding can be avoided, and the working stability and the reliability are greatly improved.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 15, the seed accommodating recess 21 and the seed outlet 22 form a cavity capable of accommodating only one seed, so that only one seed is filled at a time, the rotary brush 8 for removing the redundant seed in the seed accommodating recess 21 is installed in the storage cavity 11, the rotary brush 8 is located at a position of the seed filling area 111, which is close to the arc seed protection plate 7, and seed cleaning is performed by the rotary brush 8 in the middle of the movement of the seed accommodating recess 21 toward the arc seed protection plate 7 after seed filling. Preferably, the length of the bristles of the rotary brush 8 is greater than the maximum peripheral dimension of the seeds, so that the seeds are prevented from being damaged in the seed cleaning process of the rotary brush 8.
Further, one end of the arc seed protection plate 7, which is close to the seed charging area 111, is provided with a blocking part for preventing excessive seeds in the seed containing recess 21 from passing, the blocking part can prevent the seeds possibly missing from passing after the seeds are cleaned by the rotary brush 8, the reliability of seed cleaning is further ensured, and the accuracy of seed cleaning can be 100% by adopting the combination of the blocking part and the rotary brush 8. When the various seed holding pockets 21 pass through the position of the blocking member, the blocking member is positioned at the opening of the seed holding pocket 21, so that the excessive seeds which emerge from the opening of the seed holding pocket 21 can be prevented from passing through and fall out of the seed holding pocket 21.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, each storage cavity 11 is provided with a seed guiding inclined plane 112 which is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the seed filling area 111, so that seeds can enter the seed containing recess 21 to complete seed filling, friction between the seeds and the inner wall of the storage cavity 11 can be reduced, and breakage rate can be reduced. Preferably, the seed guiding inclined plane 112 is provided with a groove for the seed containing recess 21 to pass through, when the seed containing recess 21 is positioned in the groove, the opening edge of the seed containing recess 21 is smoothly connected with the seed guiding inclined plane 112, so that seeds can enter the seed containing recess 21, the friction of the seeds is reduced, and the breakage rate of the seeds is reduced.
In this embodiment, each seed accommodating cavity 31 is formed by enclosing a concave cavity on the turntable 3 and a corresponding partition plate 4, so that the structure compactness can be improved, the cost can be reduced, and seeds can more easily enter the seed accommodating cavity 31 from the seed delivering holes 41 on the partition plate 4. The seed filling plates 2 are provided with a convex ring part 23, and all seed containing recesses 21 of the seed filling plates 2 are arranged on the convex ring part 23, so that gaps which can contain seeds are not formed between the seed containing recesses 21, the seed is not mixed in the gaps between the seed containing recesses 21 to influence seed sowing precision, and the phenomenon of damaging the seeds can be avoided.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 13, each turntable 3 is fixedly connected with a half shaft 32, the half shafts 32 of the two turntables 3 are connected into a rotating shaft through fasteners, the storage box 1 is provided with a shaft installation cavity 13, the rotating shaft is installed in the shaft installation cavity 13 through two bearings, the rotation driving device 6 comprises an input shaft 61 used for being connected with a power source, the input shaft 61 is connected with any turntable 3, and after the input shaft 61 is connected with the power source, the two turntables 3 can be driven to rotate by the power source, so that the two turntables 3 are driven to synchronously rotate. The bearing of this embodiment adopts antifriction bearing, and input shaft 61 adopts sprocket drive mechanism to link to each other with the power supply, and wherein, sprocket drive mechanism includes the sprocket 62 of rigid coupling on input shaft 61, and this sprocket 62 adopts the casting of high strength wear-resisting rubber, and simple manufacture is with low costs and durable, and the number of teeth of sprocket 62 is 13 or 17 or 19, can prevent the quick wearing and tearing of chain and sprocket 62, guarantees the stability of work.
In this embodiment, the oiling device for injecting lubricating grease into the shaft mounting cavity 13 between two bearings is arranged on the storage box 1, so as to lubricate the bearings and the rotating shaft, ensure the operation stability of the seed metering device, improve the working efficiency and prolong the service life of the seed metering device. The oiling device comprises an oiling nozzle 9 arranged on the storage box 1, the storage box 1 is provided with a grease channel 14 communicated with the oiling nozzle 9 and the shaft mounting cavity 13, lubricating grease is injected into the shaft mounting cavity 13 between two bearings along the grease channel 14 through the oiling nozzle 9, one side of each bearing, facing the outer side of the shaft mounting cavity 13, is provided with a sealing cover for preventing grease from leaking, so that the lubricating grease can be prevented from overflowing the bearings, and seeds can be prevented from being polluted.
In this embodiment, a semicircular boss 321 is disposed at the end of the half shaft 32 of the two turntables 3; in the rotating shaft structure formed by connecting the rotating half shafts 32 of the two rotating discs 3, the semicircular boss 321 of any rotating half shaft 32 is abutted against the end face of the other rotating half shaft 32, the side plane of the semicircular boss 321 of any rotating half shaft 32 is attached to the side plane of the semicircular boss 321 of the other rotating half shaft 32, and the semicircular boss 321 of any rotating half shaft 32 is fixedly connected with the other rotating half shaft 32 through more than one screw.
The rotary disk 3 connected with the input shaft 61 is provided with a kidney-shaped jack 33, one end of the input shaft 61 is provided with a kidney-shaped plug-in part 611 which is inserted into the kidney-shaped jack 33 and is attached to the inner wall around the kidney-shaped jack 33, the other end of the input shaft 61 is provided with a counter bore 612, the input shaft 61 is fixedly connected with the rotary disk 3 through a plurality of screws arranged in the counter bore 612, and further the screws are further provided with elastic washers. The inner wall of the waist-shaped jack 33 is formed by two symmetrical cambered surfaces and two symmetrical planes, the outer wall of the waist-shaped plug-in portion 611 is formed by two symmetrical cambered surfaces and two symmetrical planes, the coaxiality of the input shaft 61 and the rotary disk 3 is ensured by matching the two cambered surfaces of the waist-shaped plug-in portion 611 with the two cambered surfaces of the waist-shaped jack 33, and the stable and reliable torque transmission is ensured by matching the two planes of the waist-shaped plug-in portion 611 with the two planes of the waist-shaped jack 33. The screw connecting the input shaft 61 and the turntable 3 is not subjected to shearing force, and loosening of the screw can be effectively prevented.
In this embodiment, one end of each blocking sleeve 5 is closed to form a cover structure for integrally covering the turntable 3, which can protect the turntable 3 and improve the dustproof performance. The retaining sleeve 5 on the side away from the input shaft 61 is also provided with four fastener mounting holes 52 for facilitating the mounting of the seed metering device on the planter frame using fasteners, the four fastener mounting holes 52 preferably being evenly spaced about the axis of the turntable 3.
In this embodiment, the charging port 12 is provided with a mounting panel for connecting and mounting the hopper, the charging port 12 is communicated with each storage cavity 11 through a separate seed inlet channel, the outlet of each seed inlet channel is tangential to the arc inner wall of the storage cavity 11, the direction of guiding seeds into the storage cavity 11 by the outlet of the seed inlet channel is consistent with the rotation direction of the seed charging plate 2, the seed damaging phenomenon in the working process of the seed metering device can be reduced, and meanwhile, the running noise is relatively low.
The two storage cavities 11 in this embodiment are independent of each other, the stress condition of the seeds is relatively simple, the mobility of the seeds in the storage cavities 11 can be improved, the bridging phenomenon between the seeds is reduced, the generation of cavities during seed filling is avoided, and the miss-seeding rate of the seed sowing device is almost zero. In the embodiment, the axial clearance among the storage box 1, the filling plate 2, the rotary table 3 and the partition plate 4 is 0.5-2 mm, the radial unilateral clearance between the rotary shaft and each part is 0.5-2 mm, and certain isolation and sealing performance of each cavity enclosed by parts moving are ensured. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device has good internal sealing performance and external sealing performance, can adapt to the working environment with rainwater, muddy water and greasy dirt, does not pollute seeds, and can ensure the germination rate of the seeds.
In this embodiment, the number of seed holding recesses 21 on each seed filling plate 2 is 20-120, and the specific number is correspondingly increased or decreased along with the diameter of the seed filling plate 2, so that the seed filling plate can be used for precision seeding of common farmers, and can be used for high-efficiency and rapid precision seeding, and has strong market adaptability.
The working process and principle of the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of the embodiment are as follows:
the seed metering device is divided into a seed charging area 111, a seed cleaning area, a seed protection area, a seed delivering area, a seed guiding area and a seed throwing area in turn around the circumference of the seed metering device, wherein one section of the seed charging area 111, which is close to the arc-shaped seed protection plate 7, is the seed cleaning area, one section of the seed charging area 111, which is far away from the arc-shaped seed protection plate 7, is overlapped with the seed guiding area, and the seed throwing area is overlapped with the seed charging area 111. As shown in fig. 2, regions a, b, c, and d are seed filling regions 111; the d area is a seed cleaning area, and the rotary hairbrush 8 and the blocking part are arranged in the seed cleaning area; the e area is a seed protection area, namely an area where arc seed protection plates 7 are used for seed protection; the f area is a seed delivering area, namely the area where the seed delivering holes 41 are positioned; the areas g and a are seed guiding areas, i.e., the areas from the seed delivery holes 41 to the seed discharge openings 51.
Seeds are added into the storage cavity 11 through the feed inlet 12, and the rotation driving device 6 drives all the charging plates 2 and the rotary table 3 to synchronously rotate. As shown in fig. 3, when the seed containing recesses 21 on each seed charging plate 2 move to the seed charging area 111 at the bottom of the storage cavity 11, seeds in the storage cavity 11 enter the seed containing recesses 21 for seed charging, and more than one seed is charged into each seed containing recess 21. The seed containing recess 21 is filled with seeds and then moves towards the seed delivering hole 41 of the partition board 4, and firstly passes through a seed cleaning area, and seeds are cleaned in the seed cleaning area by the rotary hairbrush 8 and the blocking part (see figure 4), so that only one seed is contained in the seed containing recess 21. Then passes through the seed protection zone, and the arc-shaped seed protection plate 7 in the seed protection zone shields the opening of the seed containing recess 21 to prevent seeds from falling out of the seed containing recess 21 (see figure 5). After passing through the seed protection zone, the seeds in the seed receiving pockets 21 of the seed receiving zone pass through the seed receiving holes 41 into the corresponding seed receiving cavities 31 (see fig. 6). After the seeds enter the seed containing cavity 31, the seeds move along the seed guiding area to the seed discharging area along with the rotation of the rotary table 3, and in the process of passing through the seed guiding area, the seed retaining sleeve 5 seals the seed outlet 311 of the seed containing cavity 31, so that the seeds cannot be discharged from the seed outlet 311 of the seed containing cavity 31 (see fig. 7). When the seed receiving chamber 31 moves to the position of the seed discharging port 51 of the cover 5, the seed discharging port 311 of the seed receiving chamber 31 communicates with the seed discharging port 51, so that seeds are discharged from the seed discharging port 311 and the seed discharging port 51 in a horizontal throwing movement (see fig. 9). As shown in fig. 8, in the overlapping area of the seed filling area 111 and the seed guiding area, the seed filling is performed by the seed accommodating cavity 21, and the seed accommodating cavity 31 moves towards the seed discharging opening 51 along with the seeds, and the seed filling and the seed guiding work are respectively and independently performed without interference due to the separation of the seed accommodating cavity 31 and the corresponding seed guiding opening 22 by the separation plate 4.
The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Modifications and variations which would be obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a two-row mechanical precision seed metering ware, includes storage case (1), its characterized in that: the two sides of the storage box (1) are respectively provided with a concave cavity, the storage box (1) is provided with a seed filling plate (2) and a rotary table (3) which are mutually connected and can synchronously rotate around a horizontal axis, each seed filling plate (2) and the corresponding concave cavity are surrounded to form a storage cavity (11) for accommodating seeds, the storage box (1) is provided with a charging port (12) for adding seeds into each storage cavity (11), the bottom of the storage cavity (11) is provided with a seed filling area (111), the seed filling plate (2) is provided with a plurality of seed containing pits (21) which are positioned in the storage cavity (11) and are used for accommodating seeds, each seed containing pit (21) is provided with a seed guide outlet (22), the seed containing pits (21) are uniformly arranged at intervals around the horizontal axis and can move to the seed filling area (111) along with the rotation of the seed filling plate (2), the rotary table (3) is provided with a seed containing cavity (31) corresponding to each seed containing pit (21), the storage box (1) is fixedly provided with a seed guide hole (41) which is positioned between the seed filling cavity (2) and the rotary table (4) and the seed guide hole (4) and the baffle (41) are correspondingly provided with a baffle (41), the seed delivering holes (41) and the seed filling areas (111) are arranged at intervals on the rotating movement path of the seed guiding-out opening (22); a blocking sleeve (5) sleeved outside the rotary table (3) is arranged on the storage box (1), a seed discharging port (51) is arranged at the bottom end of the blocking sleeve (5), each seed accommodating cavity (31) is provided with a seed outlet (311) communicated with the seed discharging port (51) when moving to the position of the seed discharging port (51), and the two-row mechanical precision seed metering device further comprises a rotation driving device (6) for driving all seed charging plates (2) and the rotary table (3) to synchronously rotate;
the openings of the various holding recesses (21) incline towards the inside of the storage cavities (11), and each storage cavity (11) is provided with a seed guiding inclined plane (112) which is obliquely arranged from top to bottom towards the seed filling area (111); the seed guiding inclined plane (112) is provided with a groove for the seed containing recess (21) to pass through, and when the seed containing recess (21) is positioned in the groove, the opening edge of the seed containing recess (21) is smoothly connected with the seed guiding inclined plane (112).
2. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of claim 1, wherein: the seed storage box (1) is provided with an arc seed protection plate (7) for shielding an opening of the seed containing recess (21) to prevent seeds from falling out of the seed containing recess (21), and the arc seed protection plate (7) extends from the seed filling area (111) to the seed delivery hole (41) along the rotation direction of the seed filling plate (2).
3. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of claim 2, wherein: the seed holding recess (21) and the seed outlet (22) form a cavity capable of holding only one seed, a rotary brush (8) for removing redundant seeds in the seed holding recess (21) is arranged in the storage cavity (11), and the rotary brush (8) is positioned at a position, close to the arc-shaped seed protection plate (7), of the seed filling area (111).
4. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of claim 3, wherein: one end of the arc-shaped seed protection plate (7) close to the seed filling area (111) is provided with a blocking part for preventing excessive seeds in the seed containing recess (21) from passing through.
5. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of claim 1, wherein: each cavity (31) is formed by enclosing a concave cavity arranged on the turntable (3) and a corresponding baffle plate (4); each seed filling plate (2) is provided with a convex ring part (23), and all seed accommodating concave grooves (21) of each seed filling plate (2) are arranged on the convex ring parts (23).
6. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: each carousel (3) all rigid coupling has a half axle (32), and half axle (32) of two carousels (3) pass through the fastener and connect into a pivot, storage case (1) are equipped with axle installation cavity (13), the pivot is installed in axle installation cavity (13) through two bearings, rotate drive arrangement (6) including being used for the input shaft (61) be connected with the power supply, input shaft (61) link to each other with arbitrary carousel (3).
7. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of claim 6, wherein: one end of each baffle sleeve (5) is closed to form a cover body structure for integrally covering the rotary disc (3), and a plurality of fastener mounting holes (52) are further formed in the baffle sleeve (5) at one side far away from the input shaft (61).
8. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of claim 6, wherein: be equipped with on storage case (1) and be used for to the oiling device of injecting into lubricating grease in axle installation cavity (13) between two bearings, oiling device is including installing oiling mouth (9) on storage case (1), storage case (1) are equipped with the intercommunication oiling mouth (9) and axle installation cavity (13) grease passageway (14), and each bearing is equipped with the sealed lid that prevents grease leakage towards one side in the axle installation cavity (13) outside.
9. The two-row mechanical precision seed metering device of claim 6, wherein: the end parts of the rotating half shafts (32) of the two turntables (3) are respectively provided with a semicircular boss (321); in a rotating shaft structure formed by connecting rotating half shafts (32) of two rotating discs (3), a semicircular boss (321) of any rotating half shaft (32) is propped against the end face of the other rotating half shaft (32), the side plane of the semicircular boss (321) of any rotating half shaft (32) is attached to the side plane of the semicircular boss (321) of the other rotating half shaft (32), and the semicircular boss (321) of any rotating half shaft (32) is fixedly connected with the other rotating half shaft (32) through more than one screw; the rotary table (3) connected with the input shaft (61) is provided with a kidney-shaped jack (33), one end of the input shaft (61) is provided with a kidney-shaped inserting part (611) which is inserted into the kidney-shaped jack (33) and is attached to the inner wall around the kidney-shaped jack (33), the other end of the input shaft (61) is provided with a counter bore (612), and the input shaft (61) is fixedly connected with the rotary table (3) through a plurality of screws arranged in the counter bore (612).
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| CN201710609021.7A CN107347308B (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Two-row mechanical precision seed metering device |
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| CN201710609021.7A CN107347308B (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | Two-row mechanical precision seed metering device |
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| CN107347308A CN107347308A (en) | 2017-11-17 |
| CN107347308B true CN107347308B (en) | 2023-09-26 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108702904B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2024-03-22 | 安徽农业大学 | Flexible grain seed metering ware that fills kind |
| CN110508496A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of cotton seed magnetic separator |
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| CN107347308A (en) | 2017-11-17 |
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