CN107347044A - Multi-carrier modulation demodulation method in a kind of VDES systems - Google Patents
Multi-carrier modulation demodulation method in a kind of VDES systems Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
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- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
- H04L27/2681—Details of algorithms characterised by constraints
- H04L27/2688—Resistance to perturbation, e.g. noise, interference or fading
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Abstract
The present invention relates to satellite communication field, a kind of specifically multi-carrier modulation demodulation method in VDES systems, by the way that anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier is divided into cosine frequency component and sinusoidal frequency component, the real and imaginary parts of corresponding modulating sub-carrier signal, and by anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrixing it is orthonormal basis, before the merging of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix, make sub-carrier signal together modulation and demodulation, so that NOMM algorithms are rationally applied in VDES multicarrier systems, the purpose of effective suppression is reached to inter-sub-carrier interference caused by nonorthogonality subcarrier, meet the target bit condition of data transfer in VDES systems, reach the purpose of high-speed transfer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to satellite communication field, a kind of specifically multi-carrier modulation demodulation method in VDES systems.
Background technology
Ship automatic identification system (AIS, Automatic Identification System) is used as a kind of maritime communication
Means, traffic administration, navaid, ship are forced to touch etc. and realize extensive use on the water.However, with AIS numbers of users
The continuous growth of amount, existing AIS communication links load have overloaded.Effectively to alleviate the pressure of AIS data communication, it is ensured that AIS
Systematic function, since 2013, very high frequency(VHF) data exchange system (VDES, VHF Data Exchange System) just met the tendency of
And give birth to.
At home, the research to VDES technologies is still at an early stage, and Domestic Scientific Research institutes and relevant enterprise are IALA's
Under traction, have started to study VDES key technologies and verification experimental verification.
The content of the invention
In order to realize the data transfer of the higher rate between ship-oceangoing ship, ship-bank and ship and satellite, the present invention provides
Multi-carrier modulation demodulation method in a kind of VDES systems, so as to improving the transmission rate of VDES systems.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme：
The modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier, described modulation-demo-demodulation method specifically include in a kind of VDES systems：
S1. data are received, construct anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G and sub-carrier signal x, sub-carrier signal x every a line to
Amount represents a sub-carrier signal, and anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G each column vector represents a subcarriers frequency, by data ratio
Special stream is mapped as multiple sub-carrier signals so that the subcarriers in each sub-carrier signal difference corresponding modulating multicarrier；
S2. anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector is divided into cosine frequency component and sinusoidal frequency component, subcarrier letter
Number x real part is multiplied with the cosine frequency component of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector, sub-carrier signal x imaginary part with it is non-
The sinusoidal frequency component of orthogonal sub-carriers matrix G column vector is multiplied；
S3. increase the number of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector by multiple, and correspond to increase sub-carrier signal x's
Row vector number；
S4. the matrix R of corresponding cosine frequency component and corresponding sine are calculated according to the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G after increase
The matrix P of frequency component, anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G is transformed to orthonormal basis；
S5. it is modulated and demodulates according to matrix R and matrix P sub-carrier signals x real and imaginary parts；
S6. to being divided into the matrix R of cosine frequency component and the matrix P of sinusoidal frequency component anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G
Merge, and each sub-carrier signal synthesis after demodulation is added and forms multi-carrier signal.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, in step sl, the process for mapping multiple sub-carrier signals is specific
For：
Y=Gx,
Wherein, x is that K ties up sub-carrier signal, x=[x0,x1,…,xK-1]T, G is anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix, G=[g0,
g1,…,gK-1], x and G each column vector linear independence, y is x to L2(R) Linear Mapping in space.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, in step s 2, anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector is divided into
Cosine frequency component gk=cos (2 π fmAnd sinusoidal frequency component g t)k=sin (2 π fmT), wherein fmRepresent subcarrier frequency, t generations
The table time.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, described time t span is in the symbol period time.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, matrix is used respectively in the signal sending end and receiving terminal of VDES systems
P carries out linear transformation to anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, in the channel of VDE systems, adjusted using 32 road multicarriers
System.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, the carrier frequency point of the subcarrier in 32 road multicarriers is respectively：
fm=(0.5625- (M/2-m) × 1.125)/T
Wherein M represents subcarrier number, m=0,1,2 ..., M-1, and T represents symbol period.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention after the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G number of column vector is increased,
It is by anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G points：
The present invention is allowed to compared with prior art, have the following advantages that and actively imitate due to using above technical scheme
Fruit：
NOMM algorithms are rationally applied in VDES multicarrier systems by the multi-carrier modulation demodulation method in the present invention, to non-
Inter-sub-carrier interference caused by orthogonality subcarrier has reached the purpose of effective suppression, meets the mesh of data transfer in VDES systems
Bit error rate condition is marked, so as to reach the purpose of high-speed transfer.
Brief description of the drawings
The multi-carrier modulation that Fig. 1 is the present invention demodulates schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 2 is in the present invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme proposed by the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.According to following
Illustrate and claims, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from.It should be noted that accompanying drawing is using very simplified shape
Formula and non-accurately ratio is used, be only used for conveniently, lucidly aiding in illustrating the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention.
The present invention is directed to the requirement for the VDES related protocols that ITU is proposed, devises a kind of tune of multicarrier in VDES systems
Demodulation method processed, based on given anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier frequency, by the way that anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier is divided into cosine frequency component
And it is standard by anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrixing with sinusoidal frequency component, the real and imaginary parts of corresponding modulating sub-carrier signal
Orthogonal basis, before the merging of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix, make sub-carrier signal together modulation and demodulation, so that NOMM algorithm energy
Rationally it is applied in VDES multicarrier systems, realizes multi-carrier modulations of the VDES under 100kHz channels.
Referring to Fig. 1, the modulation-demo-demodulation method in the present invention specifically includes：
S1. data are received, construct anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G and sub-carrier signal x, sub-carrier signal x every a line to
Amount represents a sub-carrier signal, and anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G each column vector represents a subcarriers frequency, by data ratio
Special stream is mapped as multiple sub-carrier signals so that the subcarriers in each sub-carrier signal difference corresponding modulating multicarrier；
S2. anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector is divided into cosine frequency component and sinusoidal frequency component, subcarrier letter
Number x real part is multiplied with the cosine frequency component of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector, sub-carrier signal x imaginary part with it is non-
The sinusoidal frequency component of orthogonal sub-carriers matrix G column vector is multiplied；
S3. increase the number of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector by multiple, and correspond to increase sub-carrier signal x's
Row vector number；
S4. the matrix R of corresponding cosine frequency component and corresponding sine are calculated according to the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G after increase
The matrix P of frequency component, anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G is transformed to orthonormal basis；
S5. it is modulated and demodulates according to matrix R and matrix P sub-carrier signals x real and imaginary parts；
S6. to being divided into the matrix R of cosine frequency component and the matrix P of sinusoidal frequency component anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G
Merge, and each sub-carrier signal synthesis after demodulation is added and forms multi-carrier signal.
Specifically, in step sl, the process for mapping multiple sub-carrier signals is specially：
Y=Gx,
Wherein, x is that K ties up sub-carrier signal, x=[x0,x1,…,xK-1]T, G is anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix, G=[g0,
g1,…,gK-1], x and G each column vector linear independence, y is x to L2(R) Linear Mapping in space.
For step S2 decomposable process, the column vector of the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G in the present invention is divided into cosine frequency
Component and sinusoidal frequency component, cosine frequency representation in components are gk=cos (2 π fmT) and sinusoidal frequency representation in components is gk=sin
(2πfmT), wherein fmSubcarrier frequency is represented, t represents the time, and wherein time t span is in the symbol period time.
Anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G is carried out linearly with matrix P respectively in the signal sending end and receiving terminal of VDES systems
Conversion, further effectively eliminate crosstalk or interference between distinct symbols.
Embodiment 1
Now by being modulated in the channel of VDE systems using 32 road multicarriers exemplified by, to the present invention mentality of designing
And process is further illustrated, specifically to specifically describe technical scheme.
The present invention uses 32 tunnel multi-carrier modulations in the 100kHz channels of VDE systems, and uses the mode of 16QAM modulation
Every subcarriers are modulated, the character rate per subcarriers is 2400symbol/s/carrier, and carrier wave interval delta f is
2.7kHz, the frequency of plurality of subcarrier is not mutually orthogonal, and reason is that carrier wave interval is 2.7kHz specified in standard, greatly
In the 2.4kHz of orthogonal frequency requirement, therefore, the carrier frequency point of each subcarrier in 32 road multicarriers is respectively：
fm=(0.5625- (M/2-m) × 1.125)/T
Wherein M represents subcarrier number, i.e., 32 tunnels that the present invention selects, m=0,1,2 ..., M-1；T then represents symbol week
Phase, thus each subcarrier center frequency point at intervals of 2.7kHz.
Because multiple subcarrier frequencies in VDES systems are non-orthogonal, so needing to solve that subcarrier is nonopiate brings
Inter-sub-carrier interference.The present invention uses Non-orthogonal Multiple Modulation (NOMM, Non-orthogonal Multiple
Modulation) algorithm come realize non-orthogonal multi-carrier modulate.
According to NOMM principles, anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G and sub-carrier signal x are constructed, maps multiple sub-carrier signals,
And form following formula：
Y=Gx,
Wherein, x is that K ties up sub-carrier signal, x=[x0,x1,…,xK-1]T, G is anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix, G=[g0,
g1,…,gK-1], x and G each column vector linear independence, y is x to L2(R) Linear Mapping in space.
Using NOMM algorithms, it is necessary to solve two subject matters in the multi-carrier modulation technology of VDES systems.First, need
Determine the concrete form of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G matrix.
With reference to the general principle of OFDM modulation and demodulation, serial bit stream is mapped as serially according with after data encoder
Number, the one of subcarrier of each symbol-modulated.So, believed relative to VDES systems, each subcarrier by 16QAM
Number modulation, i.e. the real and imaginary parts of the 16QAM Equivalent Base-Bands signal cos components and sin with corresponding anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier respectively
Component is multiplied, and each subcarrier after modulation carries out additional combining and just constitutes multicarrier symbol.
From above-mentioned thinking, x row vector represents the sub-carrier signal all the way in 16QAM signals, then G row to
It is a subcarriers frequency corresponding to amount, because 16QAM signals are complex signals, containing real and imaginary parts, so handle during processing
16QAM signals, the i.e. real and imaginary parts of sub-carrier signal x extract respectively, and sub-carrier signal x real part and anon-normal jiao zi carry
Cos (the 2 π f of ripple matrixmT) component is multiplied, sub-carrier signal x imaginary part and anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix sin (2 π fmT) component phase
Multiply.
Then, the column vector g of G matrix can be madek=cos (2 π fmAnd g t)k=sin (2 π fmT), G has thus been primarily determined that
The form of expression of matrix column vector.
But as soon as thus, two G matrixes are produced, i.e., by cos (2 π fmT) frequency component composition matrix and
By sin (2 π fmT) matrix of frequency component composition, so, the two G matrixes are merged.
Before G matrix merging, if by cos (2 π fmT) frequency component and sin (2 π fmT) G of frequency component composition
Matrix is calculated corresponding R matrixes and P matrixes respectively, then correspondingly divides sub-carrier signal x real and imaginary parts again
It is not modulated, the subcarrier after modulation is added again, then transmit in the channel of non-plus noise, and carried out in receiving terminal
It finds that still can not realize that zero defect demodulates after corresponding demodulation.
For the first subcarriers, cos (2 π f1And sin (2 π f t)1T) in [0,1/f1] on it is orthogonal, i.e.,：
And symbol period T=1/2400, f1=1350Hz, so cos (2 π f1And sin (2 π f t)1T) a symbol week
It is in phase [0, T] and non-orthogonal, after causing sub-carrier signal x real and imaginary parts sub-carrier to be modulated synthesize addition again respectively
It can interfere with each other.
Therefore, the present invention is increased the number of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector by multiple, will be arranged in the present embodiment to
The number of amount adds one times, i.e., increases to 64 by original 32.
According to this thinking, preceding 32 column vectors that can make anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G are cos (2 π fmT) frequency point
Amount, 32 column vectors are sin (2 π f thereaftermT) frequency component, i.e.,：
Correspondingly, sub-carrier signal x row vector number also increases one times, and its preceding 32 row vector is 16QAM signals
Real part, rear 32 row vectors be 16QAM signals imaginary part, R matrixes are calculated according to the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G newly defined
With P matrixes, modulation and demodulation together are carried out according to matrix R and matrix P sub-carrier signals x real and imaginary parts, finally, to dividing
The matrix P anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G of matrix R and sinusoidal frequency component into cosine frequency component are merged, and will solution
Each sub-carrier signal synthesis after tune, which is added, forms multi-carrier signal, completes the modem procedue of multi-carrier signal.Emulation
As a result showing, for modulation-demo-demodulation method of the invention in the case of non-plus noise, receiving terminal can realize that zero defect demodulates, so as to
Inter-sub-carrier interference can effectively be suppressed.
In addition, before G matrix merging, in order that algorithm can be normally carried out, it is also necessary to determine time t value model
Enclose, the reason for why t will take a symbol time is the relation of subcarrier frequency and symbol period.
Because the character rate of 100kHz channels in VDES systems is 2400symbol/s/carrier, that is to say, that one second
Time in per subcarriers transmit 2400 symbols.According to the value of frequency point of each subcarrier in VDES, minimum value of frequency point is
1350Hz, the value of frequency point of its remaining sub-carriers are all the odd-multiples of the minimum value of frequency point.
If the cycle of the minimum subcarrier of value of frequency point is T0, i.e. T0=1/1350, but symbol week specified in VDES systems
Phase is T=1/2400, and both has following relation：
16T=9T0
That is, in the period of every 16 symbol periods, 9 the first subcarriers have just been passed, so, every 16
It can be regarded as orthogonal between symbol period, and when time range values of the t according to one second, that is, taken 2400
Symbol time, because 2400 be 16 integral multiple, so being orthogonal between 2400 symbols, so thus obtained R matrixes
It is diagonal matrix.Therefore, time t value was limited in a symbol period time in modulation /demodulation calculating process.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment has carried out emulation experiment with the modulation-demo-demodulation method of the multicarrier in the present invention, and the simulation observation time is
100s, multicarrier symbol after modulation transmit by awgn channel, emulate the signal to noise ratio span of selection 0dB to 16dB it
Between.
In the case of non-plus noise, to the nonopiate subcarrier-modulated in 32 tunnels, it is demodulated and parallel serial conversion after
Signal constellation (in digital modulation) figure as shown in Fig. 2 from figure 2 it can be seen that in not having noisy channel transmit in the case of, although 32 ways
Carrier wave is nonopiate, but its nonorthogonality has no effect on the performance of system, so the modulation /demodulation side of the multicarrier in the present invention
Method can effectively eliminate inter-sub-carrier interference caused by subcarrier nonorthogonality, performance during so as to obtain orthogonal.
Under conditions of adding and making an uproar, when signal to noise ratio is 10dB, the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier in 32 tunnels is modulated, the signal is entered
Signal constellation (in digital modulation) figure after row demodulation parallel serial conversion is as shown in Figure 3.
The bit error rate and E of VDES multicarrier systemsb/N0Corresponding relation as shown in figure 4, and with theory bit error rate
Curve is referred to and contrasted, from fig. 4, it can be seen that the bit error rate of the multi-carrier modulation demodulation method of the present invention is with Eb/N0's
Increase and reduce, and close to theoretical curve, and target bit index request can be met.
Simulation result shows：Multi-carrier modulation demodulation method proposed by the present invention it is functional, can reach target mistake
Bit-rate performance requirement, can not only meet the requirement in agreement, and overcome due to interference caused by subcarrier nonorthogonality,
So as to reach the purpose of high-speed transfer.
Those skilled in the art should be understood that the present invention can be implemented without departing from this with many other concrete forms
The spirit or scope of invention, disclosed above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Preferred embodiment does not have detailed descriptionthe and owned
Details, it is only described embodiment also not limit the invention.Obviously, according to the content of this specification, can make a lot
Modifications and variations.This specification is chosen and specifically describes these embodiments, be in order to preferably explain the present invention principle and
Practical application, so that one of ordinary skill in the art can utilize the present invention well.The present invention is only by claims and its entirely
The limitation of portion's scope and equivalent, those skilled in the art can be defined such as appended claims the present invention spirit and
Within the scope of make and changing and modifications.
Claims (8)
1. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems, it is characterised in that described modulation-demo-demodulation method specifically wraps
Include：
S1. data are received, construct anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G and sub-carrier signal x, sub-carrier signal x each row vector generation
One sub-carrier signal of table, anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G each column vector represents a subcarriers frequency, by data bit flow
It is mapped as multiple sub-carrier signals so that the subcarriers in each sub-carrier signal difference corresponding modulating multicarrier；
S2. anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector is divided into cosine frequency component and sinusoidal frequency component, sub-carrier signal x
Real part be multiplied with the cosine frequency component of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector, sub-carrier signal x imaginary part with it is nonopiate
The sinusoidal frequency component of subcarrier matrix G column vector is multiplied；
S3. increase the number of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector by multiple, and the corresponding row for increasing sub-carrier signal x to
Measure number；
S4. the matrix R of corresponding cosine frequency component and corresponding sinusoidal frequency are calculated according to the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G after increase
The matrix P of component, anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G is transformed to orthonormal basis；
S5. it is modulated and demodulates according to matrix R and matrix P sub-carrier signals x real and imaginary parts；
S6. the anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G for being divided into the matrix R of cosine frequency component and the matrix P of sinusoidal frequency component is carried out
Merge, and each sub-carrier signal synthesis after demodulation is added and forms multi-carrier signal.
2. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step
In S1, the process for mapping multiple sub-carrier signals is specially：
Y=Gx,
Wherein, x is that K ties up sub-carrier signal, x=[x0,x1,…,xK-1]T, G is anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix, G=[g0,g1,…,
gK-1], x and G each column vector linear independence, y is x to L2(R) Linear Mapping in space.
3. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step
In S2, anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector is divided into cosine frequency component gk=cos (2 π fmAnd sinusoidal frequency component g t)k=
sin(2πfmT), wherein fmSubcarrier frequency is represented, t represents the time.
4. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described
Time t span is in the symbol period time.
5. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in VDES
The signal sending end and receiving terminal of system carry out linear transformation with matrix P to anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G respectively.
6. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in VDE
In the channel of system, it is modulated using 32 road multicarriers.
7. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems according to claim 6, it is characterised in that 32 tunnels are more
The carrier frequency point of subcarrier in carrier wave is respectively：
fm=(0.5625- (M/2-m) × 1.125)/T
Wherein M represents subcarrier number, m=0,1,2 ..., M-1, and T represents symbol period.
8. the modulation-demo-demodulation method of multicarrier in a kind of VDES systems according to claim 6, it is characterised in that increasing
After the number of anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G column vector, it is by anon-normal orthogonal sub-carrier matrix G points：
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109714258A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-03 | 北京大瞭互通科技有限责任公司 | A kind of VDES packet data gateway and its implementation |
| WO2020155224A1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | 深圳市南方硅谷微电子有限公司 | Method and device for calculating modulus of complex number based on modem |
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