CN107346833B - Composite solid polymer electrolyte film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite solid polymer electrolyte film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107346833B CN107346833B CN201710766391.1A CN201710766391A CN107346833B CN 107346833 B CN107346833 B CN 107346833B CN 201710766391 A CN201710766391 A CN 201710766391A CN 107346833 B CN107346833 B CN 107346833B
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite solid polymer electrolyte film, which comprises a film body and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte forms an electrolyte layer on the surface of the film body, and the electrolyte comprises the following components in mass fraction: 5% -60% of ceramic ion conductor powder; 10% -40% of lithium salt; 20-80% of polymer with lithium conducting capacity. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the composite solid polymer electrolyte film.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid electrolytes of lithium batteries and the like, in particular to a composite solid polymer electrolyte film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, along with the development of new energy automobiles, smart power grids, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like, people have more urgent needs on energy storage devices with high safety performance and high energy density. The lithium ion battery with the advantages of high specific energy, high specific power, good cyclicity, no environmental pollution and the like is considered as the best choice. However, currently, commercial lithium ion batteries generally employ LiPF6 in a carbonate solution as an organic liquid electrolyte. Because the batteries contain volatile flammable liquid organic matters, potential safety hazards such as fire and explosion exist; the potential safety hazard can be reduced by adopting the gel electrolyte, but the safety problem cannot be fundamentally solved.
Compared with the traditional lithium ion battery, the solid lithium ion battery uses the solid electrolyte to replace organic electrolyte and gel electrolyte, and is hopeful to thoroughly solve the safety problem of the lithium ion battery because the solid electrolyte does not contain any liquid organic solvent. Meanwhile, the problems of low energy density, short service life, individual design requirements and the like of the traditional lithium ion battery can be solved, and the development direction of a novel high-capacity energy storage component in the future is provided.
In the all-solid-state electrolyte material, a thin film prepared by mixing a polymer and a lithium salt can play the roles of a diaphragm and an electrolyte. Among them, polyethylene oxide (PEO) is a commonly used polymer electrolyte material. However, polyethylene oxide (PEO) -based polymer electrolytes exist with low room temperature conductivity (10)-6S/cm-10-8S/cm), a defect with a narrow electrochemical window (3.8V vsLi +/Li), high viscosity, inconvenient processing and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: a composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane is provided that overcomes at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows: a composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a membrane body and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte forms an electrolyte layer on the surface of the membrane body, and the electrolyte comprises the following components in mass fraction: 5% -60% of ceramic ion conductor powder; 10% -40% of lithium salt; 20-80% of polymer with lithium conducting capacity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the composite solid polymer electrolyte thin film is in the range of 10 μm to 100 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a conductivity in the range of 10- 5S/cm-10-4S/cm, and the electrochemical window range is 4.8V-5.8V.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic ion conductor powder comprises Li7La3Zr2O12、LixLa2/3-xTiO3、Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3、LiAlO2、Li7-xLa3Zr2-xMxO12At least one of; wherein M is Ta or Nb, and 0.25 is less than X < 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lithium salt comprises at least one of lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium diimine, lithium trimethyl, lithium bis (oxalato) borate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polymer with lithium conducting capability is polyethylene oxide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the film body includes one of a porous non-woven film, a glass fiber and a porous separator.
The second object of the present invention is: a method for preparing the composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane is provided.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows: a method of preparing said composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane comprising the steps of: step S1) preparing a polymer with lithium-conducting capacity and absolute ethyl alcohol into a solution of the polymer; step S2) weighing lithium salt and adding the lithium salt into the solution of the polymer; step S3), fully mixing the ceramic ion conductor powder with absolute ethyl alcohol to uniformly disperse the ceramic ion conductor powder into the absolute ethyl alcohol to form a dispersion liquid; step S4) adding the dispersion liquid into the polymer solution, and stirring to obtain uniform slurry; step S5) uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the film body, and drying the film body in an environment with the temperature of 30-60 ℃; step S6), in a vacuum environment, keeping the temperature at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 24h to obtain the composite electrolyte film with the thickness range of 10-100 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1), the mass ratio of the polymer with lithium conductivity to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 30.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3), a mass ratio of the ceramic ion conductor powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 10.
The invention has the advantages that: the composite solid polymer electrolyte film and the preparation method thereof can effectively solve the problems of low room temperature conductivity, narrow electrochemical window, high viscosity and the like of the electrolyte of the composite solid polymer electrolyte film in the prior art.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is an SEM picture of a composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the electrochemical window of the composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings for illustrating the specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced.
A composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane comprises a membrane body and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte forms an electrolyte layer on the surface of the membrane body, and the electrolyte comprises the following components in mass fraction: 5% -60% of ceramic ion conductor powder; 10% -40% of lithium salt; 20-80% of polymer with lithium conducting capacity. Wherein the composite solid polymer electrolyte thin film has a thickness in a range of 10 μm to 100 μm. The conductivity range of the composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane is 10-5S/cm-10-4S/cm, and the electrochemical window range is 4.8V-5.8V.
Wherein the ceramic ion conductor powder contains Li7La3Zr2O12、LixLa2/3-xTiO3、Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3、LiAlO2、Li7-xLa3Zr2-xMxO12At least one of; wherein M is Ta or Nb, and 0.25 is less than X < 2. The lithium salt comprises at least one of lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium diimidate, lithium trimethyl and lithium bis (oxalato) borate. The polymer with the lithium conducting capacity is polyethylene oxide. The membrane body includes one of a porous non-woven membrane, glass fibers, and a porous separator.
The method for preparing the composite solid polymer electrolyte film specifically comprises the following steps.
Step S1) preparing the polymer with lithium conductivity and absolute ethyl alcohol into the polymer solution. In the step S1), the mass ratio of the polymer with lithium conductivity to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 30.
Step S2) the lithium salt is weighed into the solution of the polymer.
Step S3) the ceramic ion conductor powder is fully mixed with absolute ethyl alcohol, so that the ceramic ion conductor powder is uniformly dispersed in the absolute ethyl alcohol to form a dispersion liquid. In the step S3), the mass ratio of the ceramic ion conductor powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 10.
Step S4) of adding the dispersion to the solution of the polymer, and stirring to obtain a uniform slurry.
Step S5) the slurry is evenly coated on the surface of the film body and dried in the environment with the temperature of 30-60 ℃.
Step S6), in a vacuum environment, keeping the temperature at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 24h to obtain the composite electrolyte film with the thickness range of 10-100 μm.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
Step S1) 1g of polyethylene oxide was made into a solution of the polymer with anhydrous ethanol.
Step S2) 0.5g of lithium perchlorate is weighed into the polymer solution and heated with stirring at 40 ℃ until complete dissolution.
Step S3) weighing 0.5g of Li7La3Zr2O12Adding into anhydrous ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain Li7La3Zr2O12Dispersing uniformly to obtain a dispersion liquid.
Step S4) the dispersion liquid in the step S3) is added to the solution of the polymer in the step S2), and is stirred uniformly, so that slurry is obtained.
Step S5), uniformly coating the slurry on one side of the porous diaphragm through a screen printer, and drying for 30min at the temperature of 50 ℃. And uniformly coating the slurry on the other surface of the porous diaphragm through a screen printer, and drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Step S6) was performed in a vacuum atmosphere, the temperature was maintained at 50 ℃ and dried for 24 hours, resulting in a solid electrolyte thin film having a thickness of 30 μm.
Example 2
Step S1) 2g of polyethylene oxide was made into a solution of the polymer with anhydrous ethanol.
Step S2) weighing 1g of lithium perchlorate into the polymer solution, heating and stirring at 40 ℃ until the lithium perchlorate is completely dissolved, and preparing two cups of solution, namely a first solution and a second solution.
Step S3) weighing 0.5g each of Li7La3Zr2O12And Li0.33La0.35TiO6Adding into anhydrous ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain Li7La3Zr2O12And Li0.33La0.35TiO6Dispersing uniformly to the absolute ethyl alcohol of each part to obtain dispersion liquid.
Step S4) the dispersion liquid in the step S3) is added to the solution of the polymer in the step S2), and is stirred uniformly, so that slurry is obtained. In this step, Li is added7La3Zr2O12Adding the prepared dispersion into a first solution to obtain a first slurry, marked as A, and adding Li0.33La0.35TiO6The prepared dispersion is added to a second solution to obtain a second slurry, labeled B.
Step S5), uniformly coating the first slurry on one side of a porous diaphragm through a screen printer, and drying at 50 ℃ for 30 min. And uniformly coating the second slurry on the other surface of the porous diaphragm through a screen printer, and drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Step S7) was performed in a vacuum atmosphere, the temperature was maintained at 50 ℃ and dried for 24 hours, resulting in a solid electrolyte thin film having a thickness of 30 μm.
Example 3
Step S1) 1g of polyethylene oxide was made into a solution of the polymer with anhydrous ethanol.
Step S2) 0.5g of lithium perchlorate is weighed into the polymer solution and heated with stirring at 40 ℃ until complete dissolution.
Step S3) weighing 0.5g each of Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12Adding into anhydrous ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12Dispersing uniformly to the absolute ethyl alcohol of each part to obtain dispersion liquid.
Step S4) the dispersion liquid in the step S3) is added to the solution of the polymer in the step S2), and is stirred uniformly, so that slurry is obtained.
Step S5), uniformly coating the slurry on one side of a non-woven fabric through a screen printer, and drying for 24h at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Step S6) was performed in a vacuum atmosphere, the temperature was maintained at 50 ℃ and dried for 24 hours, resulting in a solid electrolyte thin film having a thickness of 80 μm.
As shown in table 1 below, table 1 is a table of parameters of the thickness, conductivity, and electrochemical window of the solid electrolyte thin films obtained in examples 1 to 3. And refer to fig. 1, 2.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane is characterized by comprising a membrane body and an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte forms an electrolyte layer on the surface of the membrane body, and the electrolyte comprises the following components in mass fraction:
5-25% of ceramic ion conductor powder;
10-25% of lithium salt;
50-80% of polymer with lithium conducting capacity;
the polymer with the lithium conducting capacity is polyethylene oxide.
2. The composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane is in the range of 10 μm to 100 μm.
3. The composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane of claim 1, wherein said composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane has a conductivity in the range of 10-5S/cm-10-4S/cm, and the electrochemical window range is 4.8V-5.8V.
4. The composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane of claim 1, wherein said ceramic ion conductor powder comprises Li7La3Zr2O12、LixLa2/3-xTiO3、Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3、LiAlO2、Li7-xLa3Zr2-xMxO12At least one of; wherein M is Ta or Nb, and 0.25 is less than X < 2.
5. The composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane according to claim 1, wherein the lithium salt comprises at least one of lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bisimide, lithium trimethyl, lithium bisoxalato borate.
6. The composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane of claim 1, wherein the membrane body comprises one of a porous non-woven membrane, a glass fiber, and a porous separator.
7. A method for producing the composite solid polymer electrolyte membrane of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
step S1) preparing a polymer with lithium-conducting capacity and absolute ethyl alcohol into a solution of the polymer;
step S2) weighing lithium salt and adding the lithium salt into the solution of the polymer;
step S3), fully mixing the ceramic ion conductor powder with absolute ethyl alcohol to uniformly disperse the ceramic ion conductor powder into the absolute ethyl alcohol to form a dispersion liquid;
step S4) adding the dispersion liquid into the polymer solution, and stirring to obtain uniform slurry;
step S5) uniformly coating the slurry on the surface of the film body, and drying the film body in an environment with the temperature of 30-60 ℃;
step S6), in a vacuum environment, keeping the temperature at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 24h to obtain a composite electrolyte film with the thickness range of 10-100 μm;
in the step S1), the mass ratio of the polymer with lithium conductivity to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 30;
in the step S3), the mass ratio of the ceramic ion conductor powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 10.
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| CN107834104B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-08-21 | 清陶（昆山）能源发展有限公司 | Composite solid electrolyte, preparation method thereof and application thereof in all-solid-state lithium battery |
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| CN111952520B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2023-04-07 | 光鼎铷业(广州)集团有限公司 | Rubidium-doped diaphragm, preparation method and lithium battery |
| CN112086611B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-09-23 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Composite diaphragm and preparation method and application thereof |
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