CN107346044A - Optical fiber brightening-type optics fixed star projector - Google Patents
Optical fiber brightening-type optics fixed star projector Download PDFInfo
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- CN107346044A CN107346044A CN201610286661.4A CN201610286661A CN107346044A CN 107346044 A CN107346044 A CN 107346044A CN 201610286661 A CN201610286661 A CN 201610286661A CN 107346044 A CN107346044 A CN 107346044A
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- light source
- optical fiber
- transparent aperture
- fiber
- arrival end
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/0006—Coupling light into the fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B27/00—Planetaria; Globes
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Instructional Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of optics fixed star projector, it is made up of light source 1, condenser system 2, star orifice plate 3 and projection objective 5.Light source 1 utilizes condenser system 2, many transparent aperture a of illumination star orifice plate 3, is then projected by object lens 5 on the canopy of the heavens, simulates the fixed star compared with low-light level.The present invention increases a small amount of transparent aperture b on star orifice plate 3, using the unnecessary light of light source 1, transparent aperture b is individually illuminated by optical fiber 4, with the illumination higher than transparent aperture a.This on a small quantity by optical fiber 4 illuminate blast transparent aperture b also with transparent aperture a together, projected with projection objective 5 on the canopy of the heavens.So be achieved that only use a set of optics fixed star projector, while show many dark fixed stars and on a small quantity brighter fixed star requirement.
Description
Technical field is the present invention relates to the structure of optics fixed star projector in planetarium, the structure for the novel optical fixed star projector for being particularly combined fiber-optic illuminated formula fixed star projector with the illuminated optics fixed star projector of conventional magic lantern.
Background technology optics fixed star projector is the critical component of optics planetarium, for showing fixed star sky on the ball curtain of space theatre.The fixed star of nature, is different magnitudes according to brightness different demarcation, and normal eye can only see brightness 1-6 etc. fixed star about 9000.Because fixed star is very remote apart from us, visual angle resolution limit of institute's any stars for the visual angle, both less than human eye of human eye.So for human eye, any fixed star looks the different luminous point of simply brightness, and the size of fixed star light-emitting area can not be identified.
The optics fixed star projector of planetarium, by showing different hot spots on the interior ball curtain of space theatre, to simulate fixed star sky.The brightness sensation that shown hot spot gives people, actually light spot illumination are multiplied by the comprehensive function of two factors of facula area.That is the fixed star of different brightness is showed, light spot illumination can be changed or change facula area, or even changes light spot illumination and facula area simultaneously, to make projection fixed star produce different brightness sensations.
Normal optical fixed star projector uses diaprojection principle, and the fixed star illumination shown all is identical.Therefore different brightnesses can only be produced with change facula area to feel.Represent that faint star, large spot represent bright star with small light spot.Typically when designing normal optical fixed star projector, first have to determine human eye just can observable minimum light spot the area visual angle resolution limit of human eye (this area be generally less than), with this corresponding 6 most dark grade star.The facula area of subsequent other brighter fixed stars should increase step by step in proportion.How much is specific increase, and the facula area of-i.e. 5 grade stars should be determined according to Bo Gesong (Pogson) law that astronomical community is generally acknowledged, 2.512 times should be increased to relative to 6 grade stars.Similarly the facula area of 4 grade stars increases to 2.512 times again than it in 5 grade stars.The stars ... such as 3 grade stars, the stars such as 2, the star such as 1, star, -1 such as 0, it is necessary to proportionate relationship like this, to calculate the facula area of increase.This often leads to the facula area of brighter fixed star, has exceeded the resolution limit of human eye, even up to not acceptable degree.Because it is no longer asterism that fixed star at this moment, which looks, and becomes the big and small CD for having area as the moon, this obvious implausibility fixed star sky.
It is the comprehensive function that light spot illumination is multiplied by facula area since the brightness sensation of hot spot, then if the area too increase that avoid fixed star hot spot, can only just reach by improving the illumination of fixed star hot spot.The most flat-footed method of light spot illumination is improved, is the power for increasing light source naturally.Therefore some planetarium producers once by the power of fixed star light source bring up to more than 10KW-this again can because instrument overheat produce many drawbacks.
To being found after the presentation mode further investigation of fixed star sky, different from the image of general slide projector projection, the star chart picture that planetarium is shown is very special.Star chart seems in the background of completely black visual field, is sporadicly studded with bright spot that some represent fixed star, that area is small.And the area summation that all these fixed star bright spots add up, compared with the whole area of fixed star camera lens projection visual field, it is less than a ten thousandth.That is, being shown the sidereal time with diaprojection mode, the efficiency of light source only has a ten thousandth.Because in this manner, light source also must all illuminate 9999/10000ths region that need not be illuminated simultaneously, the huge waste of luminous energy is caused.
In order to avoid this full filed " flood irrigation formula " illuminates, can be changed to only to accurately " drip irrigation type " illuminates at each luminous star hole, to increase substantially energy of light source utilization rate.The fixed star projector Deutsche Bundespatent precisely illuminated based on optical fiber is applied in Zeiss, Germany optical instrument factory in 1986《Projektor fur Fixtemprojektion-DD 245502 A1》.The essence of the patent, exactly energy of light source is targetedly only directed to using optical fiber at the star hole for needing to illuminate, and avoids being wasted in other regions need not illuminating, without star hole.So, the utilization rate of energy of light source can on thousandfold improve.Or conversely speaking, also can thousandfold being reduced on the facula area of fixed star.The star chart picture that obvious illumination is high, facula area is small, closer to the true starry sky of nature.
Though fiber-optic illuminated effect is good, complex process, cost are high.Because each fixed star is required for individually being illuminated with an optical fiber fine registration.9000 fixed stars of projection just need to dispose 9000 optical fibers.The quantity of the dark fixed stars such as 5,6 dark in 9000 fixed stars about account for more than 95% in fact.To this more than 95% faint star, expensive fiber-optic illuminated mode need not be used at all, and magic lantern lighting system that need only be conventional is shown.The hundreds of brighter fixed stars only accounted for more than the 4 grade stars of total a few percent, the fiber-optic illuminated mode of costliness is just necessary to adopt, to improve light spot illumination, reduce facula area.
For the pros and cons of both the above difference lighting system, patent of the present invention proposes one kind《Optical fiber brightening-type optics fixed star projector》Scheme, the fiber-optic illuminated of energy blast minority bright star in the fixed star projector of conventional diaprojection mode, can be added, to suppress the increase of bright star hot spot.The advantages of conventional magic lantern lighting system low cost can thus be had concurrently, and the advantages of fiber-optic illuminated mode high brightness, it is achieved thereby that with relatively low manufacturing cost, reach artificial starry sky project effect most true to nature.
Content of the invention sheet《Optical fiber brightening-type optics fixed star projector》What the purpose of invention was realized in：In the fixed star projector using conventional magic lantern illumination presentation mode, the effective lighting area of the range of exposures of its light source, typically greater than star orifice plate.And the transparent aperture a illuminated by magic lantern mode on the focal plane of star orifice plate be present.The present invention separately sets some transparent aperture b on the same focal plane of star orifice plate.The magic lantern mode that transparent aperture b does not receive light source illuminates, but utilize unnecessary light useless outside light source effective lighting region, or secondary light source is set, carry out the arrival end of illuminated light guide fiber, this illuminating ray almost directs into the port of export via optical fiber without loss, and fine registration, close-fitting transparent aperture b, and realize transparent aperture b fiber-optic illuminated.It can be seen that in this patent, by the transparent aperture b of a small number of high brightness of fiber-optic illuminated and the transparent aperture a of general brightness illuminated by magic lantern mode, being all co-located on the focal plane of projection objective, therefore a projection objective projection can be shared.So, only with a set of fixed star projector, general brightness fixed star and optical fiber blast fixed star can be just shown simultaneously, the advantages of having conventional magic lantern lighting system low cost concurrently, and the advantages of fiber-optic illuminated mode high brightness.
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is described in more detail for brief description of the drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of second of embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of the third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of the 4th kind of embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure principle chart of the 5th kind of embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the structure principle chart of the 6th kind of embodiment of the invention.
The first embodiment of the embodiment present invention is shown in Fig. 1.Its principle is：Beyond effective lighting light cone d of the light source 1 to star orifice plate 3, the place for not blocking star orifice plate 3 sets speculum 7, and light source 1 and the arrival end e of optical fiber 4 are individually positioned at object point and the picture point of speculum 7.So speculum 7 just collects the unnecessary light of light source 1, for the arrival end e of illuminated light guide fiber 4, then via optical fiber 4, by the port of export f of this light conduction to optical fiber 4.The port of export f fine registrations and close-fitting transparent aperture b of this optical fiber 4 and realize the illumination to transparent aperture b.By speculum 7 for the solid angle that light source 1 is opened much larger than the solid angle that the transparent aperture a on star orifice plate 3 is opened by condenser system 2 for light source 1, therefore the transparent aperture b illuminated by optical fiber 4 illumination is much larger than transparent aperture a illumination.Because the transparent aperture a on star orifice plate 3 and transparent aperture b is with the focal plane c of projection objective 5, therefore same projection objective 5 can be shared and shown.After the imaging of same projection objective 5, the fixed star hot spot of transparent aperture b imagings, also by the much bright fixed star hot spot in transparent aperture a imagings.
Second of embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2.Its principle is similar with the first embodiment：Beyond effective lighting light cone d of the light source 1 to star orifice plate 3, the place for not blocking star orifice plate 3 sets condenser 8, and light source 1 and the arrival end e of optical fiber 4 are individually positioned at object point and the picture point of condenser 8.So condenser 8 can be by the unnecessary light of light source 1, the arrival end e of illuminated light guide fiber 4, then via optical fiber 4, by the port of export f of this light conduction to optical fiber 4.The port of export f fine registrations and close-fitting transparent aperture b of this optical fiber 4 and realize the illumination to transparent aperture b.
The third embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3.Its principle and structure are simpler than with the first embodiment and second of embodiment.As seen from Figure 3, fiber-optic illuminated device 6 is made up of the optical fiber fixed mount 9 outside the effective lighting light cone d of light source 1, using the arrival end e of the unnecessary light direct illumination optical fiber 4 of light source 1, then via optical fiber 4, by the port of export f of this light conduction to optical fiber 4.The port of export f fine registrations and close-fitting transparent aperture b of this optical fiber 4 and realize the illumination to transparent aperture b.
It is well known that the characteristics of luminescence of light source has greatest differences, the light source of wide distribution curve flux, outside effective lighting light cone d, the energy of unnecessary light is still very abundant, suitable for first, second, third kind of embodiment using the present invention as already mentioned.Whereas for the light source of narrow distribution curve flux, outside effective lighting light cone d, the energy of unnecessary light can not seldom utilize, and can only now introduce secondary light source, and using the four, the 5th of the present invention, the 6th kind of embodiment.
The 4th kind of embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 4, and such a embodiment is suitable for the light source of narrow distribution curve flux.The principle and structure of 4th kind of embodiment are close with the third embodiment.In the 4th kind of embodiment, fiber-optic illuminated device 6 is made up of secondary light source 10 and optical fiber fixed mount 9.By the arrival end e of the direct illumination optical fiber 4 of secondary light source 10, then via optical fiber 4, by the port of export f of this light conduction to optical fiber 4.The port of export f fine registrations and close-fitting transparent aperture b of this optical fiber 4 and realize the illumination to transparent aperture b.In the 4th kind of embodiment, no matter secondary light source 10 or optical fiber fixed mount 9 must not be all invaded within effective lighting light cone d of the light source 1 to star orifice plate 3.
The 5th kind of embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 5, and such a embodiment is suitable for the light source of narrow distribution curve flux.The principle and structure of 5th kind of embodiment are close with the first embodiment.In the 5th kind of embodiment, fiber-optic illuminated device 6 is made up of secondary light source 10 and speculum 7.Light source 1 and the arrival end e of optical fiber 4 are individually positioned at object point and the picture point of speculum 7.So speculum 7 by the light of secondary light source 10, can focus on the arrival end e of optical fiber 4, then via optical fiber 4, by the port of export f of this light conduction to optical fiber 4.The port of export f fine registrations and close-fitting transparent aperture b of this optical fiber 4 and realize the illumination to transparent aperture b.In the 5th kind of embodiment, no matter secondary light source 10 or speculum 7 must not be all invaded within effective lighting light cone d of the light source 1 to star orifice plate 3, but intersecting between the illumination path of speculum 7 and the effective lighting light path of light source 1 is that nothing serious.
The 6th kind of embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 6, and such a embodiment is also suitable for the light source of narrow distribution curve flux.The principle and structure of 6th kind of embodiment are close with second of embodiment.In the 6th kind of embodiment, fiber-optic illuminated device 6 is made up of secondary light source 10 and condenser 8.Light source 10 and the arrival end e of optical fiber 4 are individually positioned at object point and the picture point of condenser 8.So condenser 8 by the light of secondary light source 10, can focus on the arrival end e of optical fiber 4, then via optical fiber 4, by the port of export f of this light conduction to optical fiber 4.The port of export f fine registrations and close-fitting transparent aperture b of this optical fiber 4 and realize the illumination to transparent aperture b.In the 6th kind of embodiment, no matter secondary light source 10 or condenser 8 must not be all invaded within effective lighting light cone d of the light source 1 to star orifice plate 3, but intersecting between the illumination path of condenser 8 and the effective lighting light path of light source 1 is that nothing serious.
6 kinds of embodiments the invention is not restricted to more than, it is every in optics fixed star projector, using the method for fiber-optic illuminated blast part brightness, all fall within the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of optics fixed star projector, by light source 1, condenser system 2, star orifice plate 3, optical fiber 4, put
Object lens 5 are reflected to form, it is characterised in that：There is the transparent aperture of two classes on star orifice plate 3, i.e., transparent aperture a
With transparent aperture b；Transparent aperture a receives full filed illuminating ray of the light source 1 by condenser system 2；
Transparent aperture b illuminating ray, via fiber-optic illuminated device 6, it imported into optical fiber 4
Arrival end e, then via optical fiber 4, conduct fine to the port of export f of optical fiber 4, this light guide
Dimension 4 port of export f fine registrations and close-fitting transparent aperture b and realize illumination；On star orifice plate 3
Transparent aperture a and transparent aperture b shares same projection thing with the focal plane c of projection objective 5
Mirror 5 is shown.
2. optics fixed star projector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fiber-optic illuminated device
6 are made up of the speculum 7 outside the effective lighting light cone d of light source 1, and light source 1 and light guide is fine
The arrival end e of dimension 4, is individually positioned at object point and the picture point of speculum 7, utilizes light source more than 1
The arrival end e of optical illumination optical fiber 4.
3. optics fixed star projector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fiber-optic illuminated device
6 are made up of the condenser 8 outside the effective lighting light cone d of light source 1, and light source 1 and light guide is fine
The arrival end e of dimension 4, is individually positioned at object point and the picture point of condenser 8, utilizes light source more than 1
The arrival end e of optical illumination optical fiber 4.
4. optics fixed star projector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fiber-optic illuminated device
6 are made up of the optical fiber fixed mount 9 outside the effective lighting light cone d of light source 1, utilize light source
The arrival end e of 1 remaining light direct illumination optical fiber 4.
5. optics fixed star projector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fiber-optic illuminated device
6 are made up of secondary light source 10 and optical fiber fixed mount 9, by the direct illumination light guide of secondary light source 10
The arrival end e of fiber 4.
6. optics fixed star projector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fiber-optic illuminated device
6 are made up of secondary light source 10 and speculum 7, by secondary light source 10 and the arrival end of optical fiber 4
E, it is individually positioned at object point and the picture point of speculum 7, is shone by secondary light source 10 by speculum 7
The arrival end e of bright optical fiber 4.
7. optics fixed star projector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fiber-optic illuminated device
6 are made up of secondary light source 10 and condenser 8, by secondary light source 10 and the arrival end of optical fiber 4
E, it is individually positioned at object point and the picture point of condenser 8, is shone by secondary light source 10 by condenser 8
The arrival end e of bright optical fiber 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610286661.4A CN107346044A (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2016-05-04 | Optical fiber brightening-type optics fixed star projector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610286661.4A CN107346044A (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2016-05-04 | Optical fiber brightening-type optics fixed star projector |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107346044A true CN107346044A (en) | 2017-11-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610286661.4A Pending CN107346044A (en) | 2016-05-04 | 2016-05-04 | Optical fiber brightening-type optics fixed star projector |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2684305Y (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-03-09 | 崔海玉 | Photoelectric celestial globe |
| CN1924635A (en) * | 2005-08-29 | 2007-03-07 | 伍少昊 | Dispersive light-emitting diode optical fiber illuminating system |
| JP2007322843A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Takayuki Ohira | Sidereal projector of planetarium |
| JP2008225294A (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-25 | Takayuki Ohira | Composite planetarium system |
| CN104197961A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 北京仿真中心 | Star simulator based on bifocal optical system |
-
2016
- 2016-05-04 CN CN201610286661.4A patent/CN107346044A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2684305Y (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-03-09 | 崔海玉 | Photoelectric celestial globe |
| CN1924635A (en) * | 2005-08-29 | 2007-03-07 | 伍少昊 | Dispersive light-emitting diode optical fiber illuminating system |
| JP2007322843A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Takayuki Ohira | Sidereal projector of planetarium |
| JP2008225294A (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2008-09-25 | Takayuki Ohira | Composite planetarium system |
| CN104197961A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2014-12-10 | 北京仿真中心 | Star simulator based on bifocal optical system |
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Application publication date: 20171114 |