CN107341836B - CT helical scanning image reconstruction method and device - Google Patents
CT helical scanning image reconstruction method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107341836B CN107341836B CN201610288292.2A CN201610288292A CN107341836B CN 107341836 B CN107341836 B CN 107341836B CN 201610288292 A CN201610288292 A CN 201610288292A CN 107341836 B CN107341836 B CN 107341836B
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Abstract
The invention provides a CT helical scanning image reconstruction method, which comprises the following steps: performing spiral scanning to obtain spiral scanning data; obtaining helical scan data weighting factors, the helical scan data weighting factors including a first weighting factor, the first weighting factor being related to a density of the helical scan data in a z-axis direction, the z-axis direction being a direction of a rotational axis of the helical scan; interpolating the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the weighting factor; reconstructing the tomographic data into an image. According to the spiral scanning image reconstruction method, the nonuniformity of the spiral scanning data in the z-axis direction is considered in the weighting interpolation process, the first weighting factor related to the density of the spiral scanning data in the z-axis direction is used for weighting the spiral scanning data, and image artifacts can be effectively reduced. In addition, the invention also provides a CT helical scanning image reconstruction device.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present invention relates to the technical field of Computed Tomography (CT), and in particular, to a CT helical scan image reconstruction method and apparatus.
[ background of the invention ]
Computed Tomography (CT) scans a specific part of a human body with a certain thickness of a slice with X-rays, and can reconstruct an image of the slice with a computer due to different absorption capacities of different tissues of the human body to the X-rays.
At present, a two-dimensional spiral reconstruction method is a common CT spiral scanning image reconstruction method, and the principle thereof is that spiral scanning data acquired based on CT spiral scanning first obtains tomographic data of an image plane to be constructed through interpolation, and then carries out reconstruction of a tomographic image, so the key of the two-dimensional spiral reconstruction method lies in the interpolation method.
In actual scanning, the pitch of the CT helical scanning is adjustable, and different scanning protocols have different pitch values. In some helical pitch cases, the distribution of X-rays along the z-axis is not uniform, and current interpolation methods do not take into account this non-uniformity, which can produce artifacts on the image.
Therefore, a new CT helical scan image reconstruction method is needed to reduce image artifacts caused by non-uniform distribution of helical scan data in the z-axis direction during the CT helical scan image reconstruction process.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention solves the problem of artifact caused by uneven spiral scanning data distribution in the reconstruction process of the existing CT spiral scanning image.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a CT helical scan image reconstruction method, which comprises the following steps:
performing spiral scanning to obtain spiral scanning data;
obtaining helical scan data weighting factors, the helical scan data weighting factors including a first weighting factor, the first weighting factor being related to a density of the helical scan data in a z-axis direction, the z-axis direction being a direction of a rotational axis of the helical scan;
interpolating the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the weighting factor;
reconstructing the tomographic data into an image.
Optionally, the first weighting factor is inversely proportional to a density of the helical scan data in the z-axis direction.
Optionally, the method further comprises determining the center and thickness of the reconstructed image, and obtaining the helical scan data range participating in reconstruction according to the center and thickness of the image.
Optionally, the helical scan data weighting factor further comprises a second weighting factor, the second weighting factor being related to a distance that the helical scan data is offset from the center of the image.
Alternatively, the helical scan data weighting factor may be obtained by multiplying a first weighting factor by a second weighting factor.
Optionally, the interpolating the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the helical scan data weighting factor may be implemented by the following formula:
wherein, ValiFor helical scan data corresponding to the ith ray, WiAnd Val is the corresponding spiral scanning data weighting factor, and is the fault data obtained after the weighted interpolation.
Optionally, the method further comprises a step of preprocessing the helical scan data.
Optionally, the method further comprises rearranging the spiral scan data into parallel beam data.
The invention also provides a CT helical scanning image reconstruction device, which comprises:
the spiral scanning data acquisition unit is used for carrying out spiral scanning to acquire spiral scanning data;
a helical scan data weighting factor obtaining unit configured to obtain helical scan data weighting factors, where the helical scan data weighting factors include a first weighting factor, and the first weighting factor is related to density of the helical scan data in a z-axis direction, where the z-axis direction is a direction of a rotation axis of the helical scan;
an interpolation unit for interpolating the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the helical scan data weighting factor;
an image reconstruction unit for reconstructing the tomographic data into an image.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the spiral scanning image reconstruction method, the nonuniformity of the spiral scanning data in the z-axis direction is considered in the weighting interpolation process, the first weighting factor related to the density of the spiral scanning data in the z-axis direction is used for weighting the spiral scanning data, and the artifacts caused by the nonuniform distribution of the spiral scanning data in the z-axis direction in the image can be effectively reduced.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a CT scanning apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a two-dimensional helical scan reconstruction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a CT helical scan of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a CT helical scan image reconstruction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a projection of helical scan data onto a central plane;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a weighted interpolation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a CT helical scan image reconstruction method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a CT helical scan image reconstruction device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an image contrast obtained before and after the CT helical scan image reconstruction method of the present invention is used.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a computed tomography system, and as shown in fig. 1, a computed tomography system 100 includes a gantry 110, the gantry 110 having a rotatable portion 130 that rotates about a system axis. The rotatable part 130 has an X-ray system of oppositely arranged X-ray source 131 and X-ray detector 132. There is also a couch 120 on which a subject may be pushed into the scanning volume 133 along the z-axis direction while an examination is being performed. The X-ray source 131 rotates about the z-axis and the detector 132 moves together with respect to the X-ray source 131 to acquire projection data, which are then used for reconstruction into an image. A helical scan may also be performed during which the X-ray source 131 generates a helical trajectory relative to the subject by continuous motion of the subject along the z-axis and simultaneous rotation of the X-ray source 131, thereby obtaining helical scan data. The high voltage generating unit 134 is connected to the radiation source 131 to supply power. The physiological signal monitoring unit 141 is used for monitoring physiological signals of a scanned subject, such as: cardiac or respiratory signals. The processing unit 142 is connected to the detector 132 to obtain projection data of the subject for subsequent processing, such as: and (5) image reconstruction and processing. The control unit 140 is connected to the high voltage generating unit 134 to control the scanning process of the radiation source 131. The console and display 143 are used to present interfaces, data, and images to the user. The control unit 140 is also connected to a processing unit 142 and a console and display 143 to control the operation of the components.
The invention is an improvement on a two-dimensional spiral image reconstruction method, fig. 2 is a flow chart of the two-dimensional spiral reconstruction method, and as shown in fig. 2, the two-dimensional spiral reconstruction method of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S1 is executed to perform helical scanning to obtain helical scanning data.
Referring specifically to fig. 1 and 3, during helical scanning, the couch 120 advances along the z-axis while the rotatable portion 130 of the gantry 110 rotates around the z-axis, and the X-ray source 131 located on the rotatable portion 130 emits X-rays to form a helical scanning trajectory. The X-ray detector 132 receives X-ray signals that have passed through the subject and thereby acquires helical scan data. Among them, the X-ray detector 132 has a slice (slice) direction and a channel (channel) direction, and accordingly, the obtained helical scan data also has a slice (slice) direction and a channel (channel) direction.
Step S2 is executed to preprocess the helical scan data.
Alternatively, the method for preprocessing the helical scan data may be calibration or compensation for imperfections caused by the X-ray source, the detector, the machinery, the special data acquisition or the patient during the helical scan data acquisition, such as air calibration, center calibration, detector gain calibration, scan data noise reduction, or any combination thereof.
And step S3 is executed, and weighted interpolation is carried out on the preprocessed spiral scanning data to obtain fault data.
Step S4 is executed to rearrange the tomographic data of the sector into parallel beam data.
Since the data obtained by helical scanning is typically fan beam data, in some embodiments of the invention, the data is rearranged into parallel beam data prior to image reconstruction.
Step S5 is executed to reconstruct the rearranged data into an image.
The reconstruction method can be a filtered back projection method or an iterative reconstruction method.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that in some other embodiments of the present invention, step S3 may be directly performed to perform weighted interpolation on the spiral scan data, and the preprocessing process of step S2 may be omitted, or step S4 may be omitted, which is not limited by the invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 4, the helical scan image reconstruction method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S401 is executed to perform helical scanning to obtain helical scanning data.
The helical scan may be performed by the computed tomography imaging system 100 as shown in fig. 1, and the helical scan data may be acquired by the X-ray detector 132.
Optionally, the obtained helical scan data may also be preprocessed.
And S402, determining the center and thickness of the reconstructed image, and determining the range of the helical scan data participating in reconstruction according to the center and thickness of the image.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the projection of the helical scan data on the central plane, and as shown in fig. 5, the helical scan data can be regarded as the projection of the X-ray on the central plane, and the X-ray beam of each view angle (view) forms a series of ray projections arranged along the z-axis direction on the central plane, i.e. a series of helical scan data arranged along the z-axis direction. As can be seen from fig. 5, the distribution of the helical scan data in the z-axis direction is very uneven.
When helical scan image reconstruction is performed, helical scan data needs to be interpolated into tomographic data, and then the tomographic data needs to be reconstructed into a tomographic image. Therefore, firstly, the center and thickness of the reconstructed image need to be determined, and the helical scan data range participating in the reconstruction is obtained according to the center and thickness of the image. FIG. 6 illustrates the center of a reconstructed image and the range of helical scan data that participates in the image reconstruction, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Step S403 is executed to calculate a first weighting factor, where the first weighting factor is related to the density of the helical scan data in the helical scan in the z-axis direction.
Preferably, the first weighting factor is inversely proportional to the density of the helical scan data in the z-axis direction. The density can be obtained by calculating the number of rays in the z-axis direction in a certain local range.
Referring specifically to fig. 6, X-rays are projected onto a detector through a subject to produce a series of projected helical scan data, such as: n is a radical ofiAnd NjThe number of rays in the z-axis direction in a local range around the ray is calculated. E.g. for helical scan data NjAnd the spiral scan data corresponding to 3 rays in the range of the dotted line around the spiral scan data, the corresponding first weighting factor can be set to 1/3; for helical scan data NiAnd a total of 1 ray within the surrounding dashed line corresponds to helical scan data, then its corresponding first weighting factor may be set to 1.
Step S404 is executed, the helical scanning data is weighted and interpolated by using a helical scanning data weighting factor, and the tomographic data is obtained, wherein the helical scanning data weighting factor comprises a first weighting factor.
Specifically, the weighted interpolation process is as follows:
in formula (1), ValiFor helical scan data corresponding to the ith ray, WiAnd Val is the corresponding spiral scanning data weighting factor, and is the fault data obtained after the weighted interpolation.
Step S405 is performed to reconstruct the tomographic data into an image.
The reconstruction method can be a filtered back projection method or an iterative reconstruction method.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the tomographic data may be rearranged into parallel beam data, and then the image may be reconstructed.
Example two
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a CT helical scan image reconstruction method according to the present embodiment, and as shown in fig. 7, steps S701, S702, and S703 of the CT helical scan image reconstruction method according to the present embodiment are respectively the same as steps S401, S402, and S403 of the first embodiment; steps S706 and S707 in this embodiment are the same as steps S404 and S405 in the first embodiment, respectively, and are not described here again. In contrast, the helical scan data weighting factor in the helical scan image reconstruction method of the present embodiment further includes a second weighting factor, and thus steps S704 and S705 are added to the present embodiment compared with the present embodiment.
Step S704, calculating a second weighting factor, wherein the second weighting factor is related to a distance of the helical scan data from the center of the image.
Preferably, a larger second weighting factor is used for helical scan data located near the center of the image and a smaller second weighting factor is used for helical scan data located at the edge of the data range.
Specifically referring to fig. 6, an image of a certain slice is reconstructed using the helical scan data within the range determined in step S301. A second weighting factor curve W used in the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 62Second weighting factor curve W used in the present embodiment2Is trapezoidal.
Step S705, calculating weighting factors of helical scan data, wherein the weighting factors of the helical scan data include a first weighting factor and a second weighting factor.
The helical scan data weighting factor W may be obtained by multiplying a first weighting factor by a second weighting factor, and may specifically be obtained by the following formula:
W=W1×W2 (2)
in the formula (2), W1Is said first weighting factor, W2Is the second weighting factor.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in other embodiments of the present invention, the helical scan data weighting factors may also include weighting factors related to other factors; in other embodiments of the present invention, step S704 may be performed first, and then step S703 is performed, which is not limited in the present invention.
The present invention further provides a CT helical scan image reconstruction apparatus, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the CT helical scan image reconstruction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, the CT helical scan image reconstruction apparatus 800 includes:
a helical scan data obtaining unit 801 for performing helical scan to obtain helical scan data.
A helical scan data weighting factor obtaining unit 802, configured to obtain helical scan data weighting factors, where the helical scan data weighting factors include a first weighting factor, and the first weighting factor is related to density of the helical scan data in a z-axis direction, where the z-axis direction is a direction of a rotation axis of the helical scan.
Preferably, the first weighting factor is inversely proportional to the density of the helical scan data in the z-axis direction.
Optionally, the helical scan data weighting factor obtaining unit 802 may be further configured to determine a center and a thickness of a reconstructed image, and obtain a helical scan data range participating in reconstruction according to the center and the thickness of the image.
Optionally, the helical scan data weighting factor may further comprise a second weighting factor, the second weighting factor being related to a distance that the helical scan data is offset from the center of the image.
An interpolation unit 803 for interpolating the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the helical scan data weighting factor.
An image reconstruction unit 804 for reconstructing the tomographic data into an image.
Optionally, the CT helical scan image reconstruction apparatus 800 of the present invention may further include: a preprocessing unit 805 configured to preprocess the helical scan data; and a rearranging unit 806 for rearranging the spiral scan data into parallel beam data.
The helical scan obtaining unit 801, the preprocessing unit 805, the weighting factor obtaining unit 802, the weighted interpolation unit 803, the rearrangement unit 806, and the image reconstruction unit 804 are connected.
FIG. 9 is an image contrast obtained before and after the CT helical scan image reconstruction method of the present invention is used. Wherein, the left side of fig. 9 is the image obtained without using the CT helical scan image reconstruction method of the present invention, and the right side of fig. 9 is the image obtained with the CT helical scan image reconstruction method of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, the artifact of the image obtained with the method of the present invention is significantly less than that of the image obtained without using the method of the present invention.
The device and the CT scanning apparatus that can use the CT helical scan image reconstruction method provided by the present invention have been explained above only by way of example, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the CT helical scan image reconstruction method and device described in the present invention can be applied to devices such as a C-arm system using X-rays, or a combined medical imaging system (e.g., a combined Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, PET-CT), etc., and the type and structure of the CT scanning apparatus in the present invention are not limited in particular.
In the present invention, each embodiment is written progressively, and the differences from the previous embodiments are emphasized, and the same methods or structures in each embodiment refer to the same parts in the previous embodiments.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (5)
1. A CT helical scanning image reconstruction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing spiral scanning to obtain spiral scanning data; determining the center and the thickness of the reconstructed image, and obtaining a helical scanning data range participating in reconstruction according to the center and the thickness of the image;
obtaining a helical scan data weighting factor, the helical scan data weighting factor comprising a first weighting factor and a second weighting factor, the first weighting factor being inversely proportional to a density of the helical scan data in a z-axis direction, the z-axis direction being a direction of a rotation axis of the helical scan, the second weighting factor being related to a distance by which the helical scan data is offset from the center of the image, the helical scan data weighting factor being obtained by multiplying the first weighting factor and the second weighting factor;
interpolating the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the weighting factor;
reconstructing the tomographic data into an image.
2. The CT helical scan image reconstruction method of claim 1, wherein the interpolation of the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the helical scan data weighting factor is performed by the following equation:
wherein, ValiFor helical scan data corresponding to the ith ray, WiAnd Val is the corresponding spiral scanning data weighting factor, and is the fault data obtained after the weighted interpolation.
3. The CT helical scan image reconstruction method of claim 1, further comprising the step of preprocessing the helical scan data.
4. The CT helical scan image reconstruction method of claim 1, further comprising the step of rebinning said helical scan data into parallel beam data.
5. A CT helical scan image reconstruction apparatus, comprising:
the spiral scanning data acquisition unit is used for carrying out spiral scanning to acquire spiral scanning data; a helical scan data weighting factor obtaining unit configured to obtain helical scan data weighting factors, where the helical scan data weighting factors include a first weighting factor, and the first weighting factor is related to density of the helical scan data in a z-axis direction, where the z-axis direction is a direction of a rotation axis of the helical scan;
an interpolation unit for interpolating the helical scan data into tomographic data according to the helical scan data weighting factor;
an image reconstruction unit for reconstructing the tomographic data into an image.
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