CN107340753A - A kind of processing pulse macro-control method of electric spark digitized pulse power supply - Google Patents
A kind of processing pulse macro-control method of electric spark digitized pulse power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN107340753A CN107340753A CN201710543163.8A CN201710543163A CN107340753A CN 107340753 A CN107340753 A CN 107340753A CN 201710543163 A CN201710543163 A CN 201710543163A CN 107340753 A CN107340753 A CN 107340753A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/37—Measurements
- G05B2219/37616—Use same monitoring tools to monitor tool and workpiece
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Abstract
A kind of processing pulse macro-control method of electric spark digitized pulse power supply, the first step, detects and obtains data, including detection discharging gap average voltage, detection discharge rate, no-load ratio and short circuit ratio, average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）Calculate, and detection electric discharge abnormal rate（Ap）；Second step, statistical analysis, produce three evaluatings；First evaluating is the stability variable of reflection electro-discharge machining stability, and second evaluating is the processing efficiency variable of reflection electro-discharge machining efficiency（Ep）, the 3rd evaluating is the electric discharge abnormal rate that abnormal probability size occurs for reflection electro-discharge machining（Ap）；3rd step, control, for three evaluatings in second step, provides corresponding control strategy, i.e., carries out exception control, stability control and processing efficiency control simultaneously.The invention provides one kind to utilize software algorithm, the method for the intelligent macro-control pulse power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spark erosion technique field, and in particular to a kind of processing arteries and veins of electric spark digitized pulse power supply
Rush macro-control method.This method is in edm process, is carried out in real time using to the discharge pulse in a period of time
Detection, processing pulse output of the discharge condition judged according to detection to electric spark digitized pulse power supply automatically control,
So as to realize efficient, stable and lasting processing effect.Linear cutter of the present invention suitable for electrical discharge machining, shaping add
Work and small hole machined.
Background technology
In electric machining field, for sinking EDM or even wire cutting, small hole machined, digitized pulse power supply
Module is very important core cell.And in actual applications, the digitized pulse power supply of NC Electrical Manufacture Tool, all configure
Discharge parameter expert database, to adapt to different process requirements.These discharge parameters, all it is the weight accumulated in test of many times
Want achievement, generally immobilize, need to adjust even from real-time condition, and have ready conditions, small range, the short time
Interim fine setting.Because discharge parameter deviates very much parameter preset, processing index request can be had a strong impact on（Such as roughness, electrode damage
Consumption, discharging gap etc.）.But in actual discharge process, it can be influenceed by various objective condition factors, such as workpiece material
Material, chip removal difficulty etc., can progressively deteriorate discharge stability, such as handle not in time, ultimately cause the extreme feelings such as carbon distribution, arcing
Condition, processing efficiency is had a strong impact on, or even can not electro-discharge machining.For electro-discharge machining, it is more probability events abnormal conditions occur.
Practical application shows, goes to adjust discharge parameter in abnormal cases, makes it be advantageous to improve discharged condition, over time,
Unusual condition to be discharged has eliminated, then recovers to adjust preceding parameter.And so on, really to improving discharge stability and reducing different
Normal probability of happening is fruitful.At present, manual intervention is taken in the application in most of colleagues, rule of thumb adjusting parameter
Method, and caving-in bash.
If adjusting parameter scope is big, or the frequency is high, adjustment time length, although solving electric discharge abnormal problem, meeting
Influence processing index.Conversely, as inadequate in adjusted, though not influenceing to process index, Adjustment effect is not reflected again.
Then, above-mentioned deficiency how is overcome to become for research topic of the invention.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of processing pulse macro-control method of electric spark digitized pulse power supply.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of processing of electric spark digitized pulse power supply
Pulse macro-control method, wherein：In edm process, first, the discharge condition in a period of time is detected；
Secondly, statistical analysis is carried out to detection data；Then, machined parameters are adjusted using corresponding control strategy；It is so past
Multiple circulation, so as to ensure lasting electro-discharge machining, stabilization and effectively carry out；
Specific detection, statistical analysis and control strategy are as follows：
The first step, detect and obtain data
（1）Detect discharging gap average voltage
First data buffer zone is previously set, first data buffer zone includes J unit, wherein, J be more than or equal to
8 and less than or equal to 64 positive integer；
In each sampling period, the transient voltage value at discharging gap both ends is gathered using bleeder circuit, is then changed by A/D
The analog quantity of the transient voltage value is converted to digital quantity by circuit, and the digital quantity of the transient voltage value is kept in the first data
In one unit of buffering area；
The digital quantity for the transient voltage value that Different sampling period obtains presses sampling time sequencing, keeps in successively to the first data
In J unit of buffering area；
In corresponding each sampling period, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of current data in J unit is calculated, so as to obtain current sample period
Corresponding discharging gap average voltage（Va）；
Similarly, arithmetic average is carried out, draws this in next sampling period, data that will be temporary in J unit of newest acquisition
Discharging gap average voltage corresponding to sampling period（Va）, moved in circles, obtained between being discharged corresponding to each sampling period with this
Gap average voltage（Va）；
Then, discharge gap voltage rate of change is calculated using equation 1 below（Vp）：
Vp={ Va (k)-Va (k-1) }-{ Va (k-1)-Va (k-2) } formula 1
In above formula 1：
Vp represents discharge gap voltage rate of change；
K represents current sample period, and k-1 represented a upper sampling period, and k-2 represented a upper sampling period again；
Va (k) represents the discharging gap average voltage of corresponding current sample period；
Va (k -1) represented the discharging gap average voltage in a corresponding upper sampling period；
Va (k -2) represents the discharging gap average voltage in a corresponding sampling period upper again；
（2）Detect discharge rate, no-load ratio and short circuit ratio
Using two voltage comparators, by the benchmark of the analog quantity of the transient voltage value while voltage thresholds different from two electricity
Pressure is compared respectively, obtains two logical signals, then carries out computing to two logical signals by logical operation circuit, so as to
Three signals to spark corresponding to gap state, i.e. discharge signal, airborne signals and short-circuit signal can be distinguished by obtaining；
Then, using three latch with same reference frequency, three signals are latched respectively, acquisition can react one
Three status signals of the true machining state in the individual sampling period, then using these three status signals as with same
The gate-control signal of the counter of reference frequency；Within a sampling period, have in the gate-control signal of three counters and only one
Individual is to count useful signal, and when the gate-control signal of some counter is useful signal, the count value of the counter adds one, remaining
The count value of two counters keeps constant；
It is a detection cycle to define L sampling period, wherein, L is just whole more than or equal to 500 and less than or equal to 5000
Number；In a detection cycle, the count value of these three counters reflects discharging gap and electric discharge, unloaded and short circuit is presented respectively
The secondary numerical value of these three states, then the secondary numerical value of three kinds of states and the ratio of the secondary numerical value sum of three kinds of states are defined respectively
For discharge rate（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）, then, by discharge rate（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）
Corresponding value is exported to microprocessor；
After the completion of a detection cycle, three counters are reset respectively, into next detection cycle and by upper one inspection
The survey cycle carries out detection counting again, is moved in circles with this；
（3）Average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）Calculate
In advance, three the second data buffer zones are set, each second data buffer zone include N number of unit, wherein, N be more than or
Positive integer equal to 8 and less than or equal to 64；
The discharge rate that each detection cycle is obtained（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）It is corresponding to keep in three second numbers
According in a unit of buffering area；
The discharge rate that different detection cycles obtain（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）By the sequencing of detection cycle,
Keep in respectively successively into N number of unit of three the second data buffer zones；
Corresponding each detection cycle, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of current data in N number of unit is calculated, so as to obtain the current detection cycle
Corresponding average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）；
Similarly, in next detection cycle, the data kept in N number of unit of newest acquisition is subjected to arithmetic average, draw this
Average discharge rate corresponding to detection cycle（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）, moved in circles with this；
（4）Detection electric discharge abnormal rate（Ap）
First, discharge gap voltage detection is carried out, i.e. in during the electric discharge of processing pulse rests, regularly to discharging gap two
End applies a direct impulse, and the direct impulse is square-wave voltage signal, and pulse width fell in the same electric discharge down-time period
In；After direct impulse is sent, and rested in the same electric discharge in period, timing detects the instantaneous electricity at discharging gap both ends
Pressure, obtain one to should instantaneous voltage probe value；
Secondly, discharging gap-state judgement is carried out, i.e. by the threshold of the probe value and measurement discharging gap-state set in advance
Value is compared, and so as to judge this discharging gap deionization state residing at present, is being preset preferably when probe value falls
Section in when, then it is assumed that now the deionization state of discharging gap is preferable, conversely, then it is assumed that the now deionization of discharging gap
Out of order；
Furthermore be provided with abnormality counter in advance, within each sampling period, when deionization out of order when, the abnormal shape
State counter adds one, and when deionization state is preferable, the abnormality counter keeps initial value constant；M sampling period is often spent,
M is the integral multiple of pulse period, the count value of microcomputer reads abnormality counter, and the count value and M are compared to
For the abnormal rate that discharges（Ap）；
Second step, statistical analysis, produce three evaluatings
First evaluating is reflects the stability variable of electro-discharge machining stability, if system operation is relatively stable, institute
State discharge gap voltage rate of change（Vp）Level off to 0；Conversely, the discharge gap voltage rate of change（Vp）Absolute value it is bigger,
Then illustrate that system is more unstable；
Two different stability variable thresholds are preset, by electro-discharge machining analysis of stability into three sections, these three sections
Represent that electro-discharge machining stability is excellent, good and poor three kinds of states respectively, then, the discharge gap voltage of each detection cycle is become
Rate（Vp）Value respectively compared with the stability variable threshold different with two, so as to judge putting for corresponding detection cycle
The state of electric machining stability；
Second evaluating is the processing efficiency variable of reflection electro-discharge machining efficiency（Ep）, then, calculated using equation 2 below
Obtain the processing efficiency variable of corresponding detection cycle（Ep）：
Ep= FpIt is flat-（DpIt is flat+KpIt is flat）Formula 2
In above formula 2：
Ep represents the processing efficiency variable of corresponding detection cycle；
FpIt is flatRepresent the average discharge rate of corresponding detection cycle；
DpIt is flatRepresent the average short circuit rate of corresponding detection cycle；
KpIt is flatRepresent the average no-load ratio of corresponding detection cycle；
The electric discharge abnormal rate of abnormal probability size occurs for reflection electro-discharge machining for the 3rd evaluating（Ap）, preset two
Different random abnormal disturbance variable threshold values, the size that electro-discharge machining to that abnormal probability occur are divided into three sections, these three areas
Between represent to occur respectively abnormal probability for it is high, neutralize it is low, then, by the electric discharge abnormal rate of each detection cycle（Ap）Value difference
Compared with the random abnormal disturbance variable threshold value different with two, so as to judge that the electro-discharge machining of corresponding detection cycle occurs
The situation of abnormal probability；
3rd step, control
In each detection cycle, for three evaluatings in second step, corresponding control strategy is provided, the control strategy
To carry out exception control, stability control and processing efficiency control simultaneously, wherein, the highest priority of exception control, stability
The priority of control is taken second place, and the priority of processing efficiency control is minimum；
（1）Exception control
According to for electro-discharge machining abnormal probability occurs for the execution of the exception control, and presses priority from high to low, successively
Perform following operate：
1. improve servo given voltage（Vg）；
2. increase timing cutter lifting（Sa）；
3. open vibrations cutter lifting（Sb）；
4. increase pulse rests（Toff）；
5. open envelope parameters（Bv）；
Pulse is cleaned 6. opening（Cr）；
When it is high that abnormal probability, which occurs, for present discharge processing, the secondary advanced behaviour that a upper detection cycle corresponds to control operation is performed
Make；Present discharge processing occur abnormal probability for it is middle when, then keep detection cycle performs operation；In present discharge
When the abnormal probability of processing generation is low, then terminates and perform all operations, by that analogy；
（2）Stability control
The execution foundation of the stability control is stability variable, and by priority from high to low, is performed successively following
Operation：
1. improve servo given voltage（Vg）；
2. increase timing cutter lifting（Sa）；
3. open vibrations cutter lifting（Sb）；
4. increase pulse rests（Toff）；
5. open envelope parameters（Bv）；
When current stability variable is poor, the secondary higher level operation that a upper detection cycle corresponds to control operation is performed；Current
Stability variable for it is good when, then keep detection cycle performs operation；When current stability variable is excellent, then terminate
All operations are performed, by that analogy；
（3）Processing efficiency controls
The execution foundation that the processing efficiency controls is processing efficiency variable（Ep）, and by increasing or reducing servo given voltage
（Vg）To realize；
By current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value and a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be compared,
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be more than a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then upper one
The servo given voltage of individual detection cycle（Vg）On the basis of do adjustment in the same direction, when the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle
（Vg）When adjusting for increase, currently then continue to increase；When the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）Adjusted to reduce
When, currently then continue to reduce；
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be equal to a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then not
Adjust；
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be less than a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then exist
The servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）On the basis of do reverse adjustment, when the servo of a upper detection cycle gives
Voltage（Vg）When being adjusted for increase, reduction adjustment is currently then done；When the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）To subtract
During small adjustment, increase adjustment is currently then done.
Relevant content in above-mentioned technical proposal is explained as follows：
1st, in such scheme, " two voltage comparators are utilized, the analog quantity of the transient voltage value is simultaneously different from two electric
The reference voltage of pressure threshold value is compared respectively, obtains two logical signals " in, the two logical signals are high level letter
Number, low level signal.
2nd, in such scheme, " computing is carried out to two logical signals by logical operation circuit, wink can be distinguished so as to obtain
Between three signals corresponding to discharging gap-state, i.e. discharge signal, airborne signals and short-circuit signal ", that is, pass through 2 points of segmentations
Into three sections, each section represents the signal of a state.
3rd, in such scheme, by the setting of the latch, it can play and avoid disturbing, improve the work of signal stabilization
With, and then ensure the reliability of processing.
4th, in such scheme, the detection cycle is imposed a condition no more than " maximum count value * benchmark frequency by default
Rate ", meet that counter can not overflow.
5th, in such scheme, " M is the integral multiple of pulse period ", to ensure that abnormality counter is not spilt over.
6th, in such scheme, the priority of the processing efficiency control refers to need to carry out two and the different controls of the above simultaneously
When processed, and implementation strategy is related to same control variable, then the not high control strategy of execution priority.
7th, in such scheme, servo given voltage（Vg）, timing cutter lifting（Sa）, vibrations cutter lifting（Sb）, pulse rests
（Toff）, envelope parameters（Bv）, clean pulse（Cr）, be electric spark digitized pulse power supply machined parameters, be existing skill
Art.
8th, in such scheme, in the average discharge rate of the first step（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate
（DpIt is flat）In calculating, the data kept in next detection cycle, N number of unit of newest acquisition are：
New discharge rate（Fp）, new no-load ratio（Kp）And new short circuit ratio（Dp）It is stored in being stored in respectively in N number of unit earliest
The unit of data, replace former data.
When N is equal to 8, in the 9th detection cycle, the 9th new data collected will replace the unit of the 1st deposit
Interior data, and the temporary storage location corresponding to the 2nd time to the 8th time data collected keeps constant；
The data that 10th new data collected will be replaced in the 2nd unit being stored in, and the 3rd time to the 8th time collects
Temporary storage location corresponding to data keeps constant, by that analogy.
9th, in such scheme, in the average discharge rate of the first step（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate
（DpIt is flat）In calculating, the data kept in next detection cycle, N number of unit of newest acquisition are：
New discharge rate（Fp）, new no-load ratio（Kp）And new short circuit ratio（Dp）In N number of unit, by first in first out according to
Data in secondary replacement data buffering area in each unit of upper detection cycle deposit.
When N is equal to 8, in the 9th detection cycle, the 9th new data collected will replace the unit of the 8th deposit
Interior data, the data that the 8th data collected will be replaced in the 7th unit being stored in, the 7th time the data collected will be replaced
The data changed in the unit of the 6th deposit, the like, until the 1st data collected are ejected.
The operation principle and advantage of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of processing pulse macro-control method of electric spark digitized pulse power supply of the present invention, in order to further optimize processing effect
The technical indicator of rate, surface roughness and export license three, ensure efficient, stable and lasting processing, obtain optimal processing
Effect, the design concept of use and strategy are：In edm process, first the discharge condition in a period of time is examined
Survey, then statistical analysis is carried out to detection data, finally machined parameters are adjusted using corresponding control strategy；And so on
Circulation, so as to ensure lasting electro-discharge machining, stabilization and effective progress；In order to preferably realize this strategy, the technology of use
Measure is：The first step, detect and obtain data, including detection discharging gap average voltage, detection discharge rate, no-load ratio and short circuit
Rate, average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）Calculate, and detection electric discharge abnormal rate
（Ap）；Second step, statistical analysis, produce three evaluatings；First evaluating is steady for reflection electro-discharge machining stability
Qualitative variable, second evaluating are the processing efficiency variable of reflection electro-discharge machining efficiency（Ep）, the 3rd evaluating be
Reflect that the electric discharge abnormal rate of abnormal probability size occurs for electro-discharge machining（Ap）；3rd step, control, is commented for three in second step
Valency parameter, corresponding control strategy is provided, the control strategy is to carry out exception control, stability control and processing efficiency control simultaneously
System.
The invention provides one kind to give full play to computer and microprocessor advantage, using software algorithm, intelligent macroscopic view
It the method for controlling the pulse power, can realize in the case where not influenceing to process index solve the problems, such as that electric discharge is abnormal, overcome
Prior art is in electrical discharge machining, the contradiction between parameter adjustment and processing index and processing stability.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that three kinds of the forming discharging gap that the embodiment of the present invention samples to obtain by divider resistance puts dotted state
Oscillogram；
Accompanying drawing 2 is three kinds of discharge condition logical operation figures of discharging gap of the embodiment of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 3 exports truth table for three kinds of discharge condition logics of discharging gap of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the invention will be further described：
Embodiment：A kind of processing pulse macro-control method of electric spark digitized pulse power supply, wherein：In electrical discharge machining mistake
Cheng Zhong, first, the discharge condition in a period of time is detected；Secondly, statistical analysis is carried out to detection data；Then, adopt
Machined parameters are adjusted with corresponding control strategy；And so on circulate, so as to ensure lasting electro-discharge machining, stabilization and have
The progress of effect；
Specific detection, statistical analysis and control strategy are as follows：
The first step, detect and obtain data
（1）Detect discharging gap average voltage
First data buffer zone is previously set, first data buffer zone includes J unit, wherein, J be more than or equal to
8 and less than or equal to 64 positive integer；
In each sampling period, the transient voltage value at discharging gap both ends is gathered using bleeder circuit, is then changed by A/D
The analog quantity of the transient voltage value is converted to digital quantity by circuit, and the digital quantity of the transient voltage value is kept in the first data
In one unit of buffering area；
The digital quantity for the transient voltage value that Different sampling period obtains presses sampling time sequencing, keeps in successively to the first data
In J unit of buffering area；
In corresponding each sampling period, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of current data in J unit is calculated, so as to obtain current sample period
Corresponding discharging gap average voltage（Va）；
Similarly, arithmetic average is carried out, draws this in next sampling period, data that will be temporary in J unit of newest acquisition
Discharging gap average voltage corresponding to sampling period（Va）, moved in circles, obtained between being discharged corresponding to each sampling period with this
Gap average voltage（Va）；
Then, discharge gap voltage rate of change is calculated using equation 1 below（Vp）：
Vp={ Va (k)-Va (k-1) }-{ Va (k-1)-Va (k-2) } formula 1
In above formula 1：
Vp represents discharge gap voltage rate of change；
K represents current sample period, and k-1 represented a upper sampling period, and k-2 represented a upper sampling period again；
Va (k) represents the discharging gap average voltage of corresponding current sample period；
Va (k -1) represented the discharging gap average voltage in a corresponding upper sampling period；
Va (k -2) represents the discharging gap average voltage in a corresponding sampling period upper again；
（2）Detect discharge rate, no-load ratio and short circuit ratio
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, using two voltage comparator Bs 1, B2, by the analog quantity U of the transient voltage value simultaneously with two not
Reference voltage Uf, Ud with voltage threshold are compared respectively（Light Condition U>Uf, discharge condition Ud<U<Uf, short-circuit condition U<
Ud）, two logical signals C1, C2 are obtained, then computing is carried out to two logical signals C1, C2 by logical operation circuit, so as to
Three signals to spark corresponding to gap state, i.e. discharge signal Fc, airborne signals Kc and short-circuit signal can be distinguished by obtaining
Dc；
Logical operation expression formula is as follows：
Kc=!C1&!C2
Fc=C1&!C2
Dc=C1&C2
Then, using three latch with same reference frequency, three signals are latched respectively, acquisition can react one
Three status signals of the true machining state in the individual sampling period, then using these three status signals as with same
The gate-control signal of the counter of reference frequency；Within a sampling period, have in the gate-control signal of three counters and only one
Individual is to count useful signal, and when the gate-control signal of some counter is useful signal, the count value of the counter adds one, remaining
The count value of two counters keeps constant；
It is a detection cycle to define L sampling period, wherein, L is just whole more than or equal to 500 and less than or equal to 5000
Number；In a detection cycle, the count value of these three counters reflects discharging gap and electric discharge, unloaded and short circuit is presented respectively
The secondary numerical value of these three states, then the secondary numerical value of three kinds of states and the ratio of the secondary numerical value sum of three kinds of states are defined respectively
For discharge rate（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）, then, by discharge rate（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）
Corresponding value is exported to microprocessor；
After the completion of a detection cycle, three counters are reset respectively, into next detection cycle and by upper one inspection
The survey cycle carries out detection counting again, is moved in circles with this；
（3）Average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）Calculate
In advance, three the second data buffer zones are set, each second data buffer zone include N number of unit, wherein, N be more than or
Positive integer equal to 8 and less than or equal to 64；
The discharge rate that each detection cycle is obtained（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）It is corresponding to keep in three second numbers
According in a unit of buffering area；
The discharge rate that different detection cycles obtain（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）By the sequencing of detection cycle,
Keep in respectively successively into N number of unit of three the second data buffer zones；
Corresponding each detection cycle, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of current data in N number of unit is calculated, so as to obtain the current detection cycle
Corresponding average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）；
Similarly, in next detection cycle, the data kept in N number of unit of newest acquisition is subjected to arithmetic average, draw this
Average discharge rate corresponding to detection cycle（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）, moved in circles with this；
Wherein, data temporary in next detection cycle, N number of unit of newest acquisition are：
New discharge rate（Fp）, new no-load ratio（Kp）And new short circuit ratio（Dp）It is stored in being stored in respectively in N number of unit earliest
The unit of data, replace former data.
When N is equal to 8, in the 9th detection cycle, the 9th new data collected will replace the unit of the 1st deposit
Interior data, and the temporary storage location corresponding to the 2nd time to the 8th time data collected keeps constant；
The data that 10th new data collected will be replaced in the 2nd unit being stored in, and the 3rd time to the 8th time collects
Temporary storage location corresponding to data keeps constant, by that analogy.
Or the data kept in next detection cycle, N number of unit of newest acquisition are：
New discharge rate（Fp）, new no-load ratio（Kp）And new short circuit ratio（Dp）In N number of unit, by first in first out according to
Data in secondary replacement data buffering area in each unit of upper detection cycle deposit.
When N is equal to 8, in the 9th detection cycle, the 9th new data collected will replace the unit of the 8th deposit
Interior data, the data that the 8th data collected will be replaced in the 7th unit being stored in, the 7th time the data collected will be replaced
The data changed in the unit of the 6th deposit, the like, until the 1st data collected are ejected.
（4）Detection electric discharge abnormal rate（Ap）
First, discharge gap voltage detection is carried out, i.e. in during the electric discharge of processing pulse rests, regularly to discharging gap two
End applies a direct impulse, and the direct impulse is square-wave voltage signal, and pulse width fell in the same electric discharge down-time period
In；After direct impulse is sent, and rested in the same electric discharge in period, timing detects the instantaneous electricity at discharging gap both ends
Pressure, obtain one to should instantaneous voltage probe value；
Secondly, discharging gap-state judgement is carried out, i.e. by the threshold of the probe value and measurement discharging gap-state set in advance
Value is compared, and so as to judge this discharging gap deionization state residing at present, is being preset preferably when probe value falls
Section in when, then it is assumed that now the deionization state of discharging gap is preferable, conversely, then it is assumed that the now deionization of discharging gap
Out of order；
Furthermore be provided with abnormality counter in advance, within each sampling period, when deionization out of order when, the abnormal shape
State counter adds one, and when deionization state is preferable, the abnormality counter keeps initial value constant；M sampling period is often spent,
M is the integral multiple of pulse period, to ensure that abnormality counter is not spilt over, the meter of microcomputer reads abnormality counter
Numerical value, and the count value and M are used for the abnormal rate that discharges（Ap）；
Second step, statistical analysis, produce three evaluatings
First evaluating is reflects the stability variable of electro-discharge machining stability, if system operation is relatively stable, institute
State discharge gap voltage rate of change（Vp）Level off to 0；Conversely, the discharge gap voltage rate of change（Vp）Absolute value it is bigger,
Then illustrate that system is more unstable；
Two different stability variable thresholds are preset, by electro-discharge machining analysis of stability into three sections, these three sections
Represent that electro-discharge machining stability is excellent, good and poor three kinds of states respectively, then, the discharge gap voltage of each detection cycle is become
Rate（Vp）Value respectively compared with the stability variable threshold different with two, so as to judge putting for corresponding detection cycle
The state of electric machining stability；
Second evaluating is the processing efficiency variable of reflection electro-discharge machining efficiency（Ep）, then, calculated using equation 2 below
Obtain the processing efficiency variable of corresponding detection cycle（Ep）：
Ep= FpIt is flat-（DpIt is flat+KpIt is flat）Formula 2
In above formula 2：
Ep represents the processing efficiency variable of corresponding detection cycle；
FpIt is flatRepresent the average discharge rate of corresponding detection cycle；
DpIt is flatRepresent the average short circuit rate of corresponding detection cycle；
KpIt is flatRepresent the average no-load ratio of corresponding detection cycle；
The electric discharge abnormal rate of abnormal probability size occurs for reflection electro-discharge machining for the 3rd evaluating（Ap）, preset two
Different random abnormal disturbance variable threshold values, the size that electro-discharge machining to that abnormal probability occur are divided into three sections, these three areas
Between represent to occur respectively abnormal probability for it is high, neutralize it is low, then, by the electric discharge abnormal rate of each detection cycle（Ap）Value difference
Compared with the random abnormal disturbance variable threshold value different with two, so as to judge that the electro-discharge machining of corresponding detection cycle occurs
The situation of abnormal probability；
3rd step, control
In each detection cycle, for three evaluatings in second step, corresponding control strategy is provided, the control strategy
To carry out exception control, stability control and processing efficiency control simultaneously, wherein, the highest priority of exception control, stability
The priority of control is taken second place, and the priority of processing efficiency control is minimum；
So-called priority, when referring to need to carry out two and above difference control simultaneously, and implementation strategy is related to same control and become
Measure, then the not high control strategy of execution priority.
（1）Exception control
According to for electro-discharge machining abnormal probability occurs for the execution of the exception control, and presses priority from high to low, successively
Perform following operate：
1. improve servo given voltage（Vg）；
2. increase timing cutter lifting（Sa）；
3. open vibrations cutter lifting（Sb）；
4. increase pulse rests（Toff）；
5. open envelope parameters（Bv）；
Pulse is cleaned 6. opening（Cr）；
（It is the machined parameters of electric spark digitized pulse power supply above, is prior art）
When it is high that abnormal probability, which occurs, for present discharge processing, the secondary advanced behaviour that a upper detection cycle corresponds to control operation is performed
Make；Present discharge processing occur abnormal probability for it is middle when, then keep detection cycle performs operation；In present discharge
When the abnormal probability of processing generation is low, then terminates and perform all operations, by that analogy；
（2）Stability control
The execution foundation of the stability control is stability variable, and by priority from high to low, is performed successively following
Operation：
1. improve servo given voltage（Vg）；
2. increase timing cutter lifting（Sa）；
3. open vibrations cutter lifting（Sb）；
4. increase pulse rests（Toff）；
5. open envelope parameters（Bv）；
（It is the machined parameters of electric spark digitized pulse power supply above, is prior art）
When current stability variable is poor, the secondary higher level operation that a upper detection cycle corresponds to control operation is performed；Current
Stability variable for it is good when, then keep detection cycle performs operation；When current stability variable is excellent, then terminate
All operations are performed, by that analogy；
（3）Processing efficiency controls
The execution foundation that the processing efficiency controls is processing efficiency variable（Ep）, and by increasing or reducing servo given voltage
（Vg）To realize；
By current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value and a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be compared,
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be more than a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then upper one
The servo given voltage of individual detection cycle（Vg）On the basis of do adjustment in the same direction, when the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle
（Vg）When adjusting for increase, currently then continue to increase；When the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）Adjusted to reduce
When, currently then continue to reduce；
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be equal to a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then not
Adjust；
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be less than a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then exist
The servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）On the basis of do reverse adjustment, when the servo of a upper detection cycle gives
Voltage（Vg）When being adjusted for increase, reduction adjustment is currently then done；When the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）To subtract
During small adjustment, increase adjustment is currently then done.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar can understand present disclosure and implement according to this, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
The equivalent change or modification that Spirit Essence is made, it should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of processing pulse macro-control method of electric spark digitized pulse power supply, it is characterised in that：In electrical discharge machining
During, first, the discharge condition in a period of time is detected；Secondly, statistical analysis is carried out to detection data；Then,
Machined parameters are adjusted using corresponding control strategy；And so on circulate, so as to ensure electro-discharge machining continue, it is stable and
It is effective to carry out；
Specific detection, statistical analysis and control strategy are as follows：
The first step, detect and obtain data
（1）Detect discharging gap average voltage
First data buffer zone is previously set, first data buffer zone includes J unit, wherein, J be more than or equal to
8 and less than or equal to 64 positive integer；
In each sampling period, the transient voltage value at discharging gap both ends is gathered using bleeder circuit, is then changed by A/D
The analog quantity of the transient voltage value is converted to digital quantity by circuit, and the digital quantity of the transient voltage value is kept in the first data
In one unit of buffering area；
The digital quantity for the transient voltage value that Different sampling period obtains presses sampling time sequencing, keeps in successively to the first data
In J unit of buffering area；
In corresponding each sampling period, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of current data in J unit is calculated, so as to obtain current sample period
Corresponding discharging gap average voltage（Va）；
Similarly, arithmetic average is carried out, draws this in next sampling period, data that will be temporary in J unit of newest acquisition
Discharging gap average voltage corresponding to sampling period（Va）, moved in circles, obtained between being discharged corresponding to each sampling period with this
Gap average voltage（Va）；
Then, discharge gap voltage rate of change is calculated using equation 1 below（Vp）：
Vp={ Va (k)-Va (k-1) }-{ Va (k-1)-Va (k-2) } formula 1
In above formula 1：
Vp represents discharge gap voltage rate of change；
K represents current sample period, and k-1 represented a upper sampling period, and k-2 represented a upper sampling period again；
Va (k) represents the discharging gap average voltage of corresponding current sample period；
Va (k-1) represented the discharging gap average voltage in a corresponding upper sampling period；
Va (k-2) represents the discharging gap average voltage in a corresponding sampling period upper again；
（2）Detect discharge rate, no-load ratio and short circuit ratio
Using two voltage comparators, by the benchmark of the analog quantity of the transient voltage value while voltage thresholds different from two electricity
Pressure is compared respectively, obtains two logical signals, then carries out computing to two logical signals by logical operation circuit, so as to
Three signals to spark corresponding to gap state, i.e. discharge signal, airborne signals and short-circuit signal can be distinguished by obtaining；
Then, using three latch with same reference frequency, three signals are latched respectively, acquisition can react one
Three status signals of the true machining state in the individual sampling period, then using these three status signals as with same
The gate-control signal of the counter of reference frequency；Within a sampling period, have in the gate-control signal of three counters and only one
Individual is to count useful signal, and when the gate-control signal of some counter is useful signal, the count value of the counter adds one, remaining
The count value of two counters keeps constant；
It is a detection cycle to define L sampling period, wherein, L is just whole more than or equal to 500 and less than or equal to 5000
Number；In a detection cycle, the count value of these three counters reflects discharging gap and electric discharge, unloaded and short circuit is presented respectively
The secondary numerical value of these three states, then the secondary numerical value of three kinds of states and the ratio of the secondary numerical value sum of three kinds of states are defined respectively
For discharge rate（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）, then, by discharge rate（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）
Corresponding value is exported to microprocessor；
After the completion of a detection cycle, three counters are reset respectively, into next detection cycle and by upper one inspection
The survey cycle carries out detection counting again, is moved in circles with this；
（3）Average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）Calculate
In advance, three the second data buffer zones are set, each second data buffer zone include N number of unit, wherein, N be more than or
Positive integer equal to 8 and less than or equal to 64；
The discharge rate that each detection cycle is obtained（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）It is corresponding to keep in three second numbers
According in a unit of buffering area；
The discharge rate that different detection cycles obtain（Fp）, no-load ratio（Kp）And short circuit ratio（Dp）By the sequencing of detection cycle,
Keep in respectively successively into N number of unit of three the second data buffer zones；
Corresponding each detection cycle, the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of current data in N number of unit is calculated, so as to obtain the current detection cycle
Corresponding average discharge rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）；
Similarly, in next detection cycle, the data kept in N number of unit of newest acquisition is subjected to arithmetic average, draw this
Average discharge rate corresponding to detection cycle（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）, moved in circles with this；
（4）Detection electric discharge abnormal rate（Ap）
First, discharge gap voltage detection is carried out, i.e. in during the electric discharge of processing pulse rests, regularly to discharging gap two
End applies a direct impulse, and the direct impulse is square-wave voltage signal, and pulse width fell in the same electric discharge down-time period
In；After direct impulse is sent, and rested in the same electric discharge in period, timing detects the instantaneous electricity at discharging gap both ends
Pressure, obtain one to should instantaneous voltage probe value；
Secondly, discharging gap-state judgement is carried out, i.e. by the threshold of the probe value and measurement discharging gap-state set in advance
Value is compared, and so as to judge this discharging gap deionization state residing at present, is being preset preferably when probe value falls
Section in when, then it is assumed that now the deionization state of discharging gap is preferable, conversely, then it is assumed that the now deionization of discharging gap
Out of order；
Furthermore be provided with abnormality counter in advance, within each sampling period, when deionization out of order when, the abnormal shape
State counter adds one, and when deionization state is preferable, the abnormality counter keeps initial value constant；M sampling period is often spent,
M is the integral multiple of pulse period, the count value of microcomputer reads abnormality counter, and the count value and M are compared to
For the abnormal rate that discharges（Ap）；
Second step, statistical analysis, produce three evaluatings
First evaluating is reflects the stability variable of electro-discharge machining stability, if system operation is relatively stable, institute
State discharge gap voltage rate of change（Vp）Level off to 0；Conversely, the discharge gap voltage rate of change（Vp）Absolute value it is bigger,
Then illustrate that system is more unstable；
Two different stability variable thresholds are preset, by electro-discharge machining analysis of stability into three sections, these three sections
Represent that electro-discharge machining stability is excellent, good and poor three kinds of states respectively, then, the discharge gap voltage of each detection cycle is become
Rate（Vp）Value respectively compared with the stability variable threshold different with two, so as to judge putting for corresponding detection cycle
The state of electric machining stability；
Second evaluating is the processing efficiency variable of reflection electro-discharge machining efficiency（Ep）, then, calculated using equation 2 below
Obtain the processing efficiency variable of corresponding detection cycle（Ep）：
Ep= FpIt is flat-（DpIt is flat+KpIt is flat）Formula 2
In above formula 2：
Ep represents the processing efficiency variable of corresponding detection cycle；
FpIt is flatRepresent the average discharge rate of corresponding detection cycle；
DpIt is flatRepresent the average short circuit rate of corresponding detection cycle；
KpIt is flatRepresent the average no-load ratio of corresponding detection cycle；
The electric discharge abnormal rate of abnormal probability size occurs for reflection electro-discharge machining for the 3rd evaluating（Ap）, preset two
Different random abnormal disturbance variable threshold values, the size that electro-discharge machining to that abnormal probability occur are divided into three sections, these three areas
Between represent to occur respectively abnormal probability for it is high, neutralize it is low, then, by the electric discharge abnormal rate of each detection cycle（Ap）Value difference
Compared with the random abnormal disturbance variable threshold value different with two, so as to judge that the electro-discharge machining of corresponding detection cycle occurs
The situation of abnormal probability；
3rd step, control
In each detection cycle, for three evaluatings in second step, corresponding control strategy is provided, the control strategy
To carry out exception control, stability control and processing efficiency control simultaneously, wherein, the highest priority of exception control, stability
The priority of control is taken second place, and the priority of processing efficiency control is minimum；
（1）Exception control
According to for electro-discharge machining abnormal probability occurs for the execution of the exception control, and presses priority from high to low, successively
Perform following operate：
1. improve servo given voltage（Vg）；
2. increase timing cutter lifting（Sa）；
3. open vibrations cutter lifting（Sb）；
4. increase pulse rests（Toff）；
5. open envelope parameters（Bv）；
Pulse is cleaned 6. opening（Cr）；
When it is high that abnormal probability, which occurs, for present discharge processing, the secondary advanced behaviour that a upper detection cycle corresponds to control operation is performed
Make；Present discharge processing occur abnormal probability for it is middle when, then keep detection cycle performs operation；In present discharge
When the abnormal probability of processing generation is low, then terminates and perform all operations, by that analogy；
（2）Stability control
The execution foundation of the stability control is stability variable, and by priority from high to low, is performed successively following
Operation：
1. improve servo given voltage（Vg）；
2. increase timing cutter lifting（Sa）；
3. open vibrations cutter lifting（Sb）；
4. increase pulse rests（Toff）；
5. open envelope parameters（Bv）；
When current stability variable is poor, the secondary higher level operation that a upper detection cycle corresponds to control operation is performed；Current
Stability variable for it is good when, then keep detection cycle performs operation；When current stability variable is excellent, then terminate
All operations are performed, by that analogy；
（3）Processing efficiency controls
The execution foundation that the processing efficiency controls is processing efficiency variable（Ep）, and by increasing or reducing servo given voltage
（Vg）To realize；
By current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value and a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be compared,
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be more than a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then upper one
The servo given voltage of individual detection cycle（Vg）On the basis of do adjustment in the same direction, when the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle
（Vg）When adjusting for increase, currently then continue to increase；When the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）Adjusted to reduce
When, currently then continue to reduce；
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be equal to a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then not
Adjust；
If current processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value be less than a upper detection cycle processing efficiency variable（Ep）Value when, then exist
The servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）On the basis of do reverse adjustment, when the servo of a upper detection cycle gives
Voltage（Vg）When being adjusted for increase, reduction adjustment is currently then done；When the servo given voltage of a upper detection cycle（Vg）To subtract
During small adjustment, increase adjustment is currently then done.
2. processing pulse macro-control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Put in being averaged for the first step
Electric rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）In calculating, in next detection cycle, the N of newest acquisition
Temporary data are in individual unit：
New discharge rate（Fp）, new no-load ratio（Kp）And new short circuit ratio（Dp）It is stored in being stored in respectively in N number of unit earliest
The unit of data, replace former data.
3. processing pulse macro-control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Put in being averaged for the first step
Electric rate（FpIt is flat）, average no-load ratio（KpIt is flat）, average short circuit rate（DpIt is flat）In calculating, in next detection cycle, the N of newest acquisition
Temporary data are in individual unit：
New discharge rate（Fp）, new no-load ratio（Kp）And new short circuit ratio（Dp）In N number of unit, by first in first out according to
Data in secondary replacement data buffering area in each unit of upper detection cycle deposit.
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