CN107333273A - Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis - Google Patents
Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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- H04W48/18—Selecting a network or a communication service
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis, this method is made overall planning for mobile terminal network multiple access module, by judging received signal strength, determine to can access collection of network for the mobile terminal in heterogeneous wireless network overlay area.Single network insertion is taken into full account with Multi net voting while situation about accessing, with reference to accessible collection of network, further determines that objective network collection set.Each element in objective network collection set represents a kind of scheme of network connection.Network attribute set is built by calculating the parameters such as handling capacity, access cost, function loss and network load for each objective network collection, with reference to weight vectors, Multiple Attribute Decision Problems are formed.Finally, this problem is solved using Grey Incidence Analysis and carries out Multi net voting selection access.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis, belong to communication technical field.
Background technology
It is mobile to pass through upper century-old development, profound influence and the life style for changing people with wireless communication technology.When
When wireless communication technology develops into 4G and even developed to wireless communication technology of future generation, the wireless communication technology such as 2G, 3G will also
Exist, such as commercial 4G systems still retain gsm system and provide voice service.Because wireless communication technology
Replacement need time and process, a kind of generation of new technology is not meant to that old technology is substituted completely, different channel radio
Letter technology is competed in terms of bandwidth, transmission rate, time delay, security, shake, energy consumption, market orientation and coexisted with difference, therefore
The situation of various wireless communication technology co-existence is by long-term existence.Different wireless communication technology in the overlapped covering in many regions,
A kind of mixed model of new wireless network is constituted, here it is heterogeneous wireless network.
At the same time, various wireless devices, such as tablet personal computer starts to be equipped with plurality of wireless networks connecting interface.In addition,
Any place is also increasing user for the demand of network insertion at any time.Heterogeneous wireless network convergence is efficient as realizing
A kind of mode of integrated isomerous wireless network resource, has become driving Next-Generation and enters technological innovation and drawing for developing
Hold up.Under the scene of the overlapping covering of heterogeneous wireless network, reasonably select wireless network can for user according to type of service with
And diversified demand provides mobility service with being seamlessly connected, network selecting method turns into the crucial skill for realizing the network integration
Art.Suitable network selection can provide the user optimal service quality, realize optimum utilization of the user for Radio Resource.
Specifically, network selection refers to assist user or mobile terminal to be connected to Radio Access Network according to different technical criterias
So as to fully meet the business demand of user.Network selects to provide the link model of customer-centric for heterogeneous network.Root
According to these models, user can be more freely in heterogeneous networks internetwork roaming.The research of heterogeneous network system of selection nowadays gradually from
Single network selects to select transition to Multi net voting.Multi net voting access can efficiently utilize available heterogeneous wireless network, guarantee
On the premise of consumption, user throughput is fully improved, more preferably service quality is provided the user.
The accumulation of the research experience of selecting method for isomeric wireless network for many years, nowadays has been achieved for certain achievement.Grind
The person of studying carefully applies all kinds of subject knowledges such as management, Economic Model and theory in this module, and Radio Resource is advanced significantly
The diversified process of management study.Multiple attribute decision making (MADM) is not only effective in heterogeneous network decision-making as Management Theory, also turns into
The field conducts a research a most commonly used branch.《Information Computing and Applications
Lecture Notes in Computer Science》The numbering of publication is " 6377/2010:213-220 " documents " A Novel
AHP and GRA Based Handover Decision Mechanism in Heterogeneous Wireless
Networks " proposes a kind of AHP combinations GRA network selecting method, and this method application complexity is larger.《Mobile
Lightweight Wireless Systems》" the Application of fuzzy AHP and that 13rd phase in 2009 publishes
A kind of ELECTRE to network selection ", it is proposed that network selection based on Fuzzy AHP and ELECTRE
Scheme.Fuzzy logic is often applied in network selecting method with reference to neural network theory.《IEEE Personal
Communication》7th periodical in 2010 carry " Handoff in hybrid mobile data networks " exist
GPRS and wlan network are overlapping covered, and a kind of Vertical Handover plan is proposed using neural network model detection signal fadeout
Slightly.Similarly, game theory theory is also widely used when network is selected by researcher.《South China Science ＆ Engineering University's journal》2014
" the heterogeneous network system of selection based on non-cooperation game theory " that the 5th periodical of volume 42 is carried, author：Lang Gaiping, Xu Yubin, horse
Beautiful jade, from user and network perspective, proposes a kind of heterogeneous network system of selection based on non-cooperative game, by considering
User preference, price for traffic and access cost obtain optimal network selection target.In addition, Optimum Theory, effectiveness side
Journey scheduling theory is also gradually applied in this field.However, the above method is for single network connection, i.e. mobile terminal selection one
Individual optimal network connection.
With the lifting of increasing for optional network, and multi-module mobile terminal technology, single mobile terminal accesses many simultaneously
Individual heterogeneous wireless network slowly comes true and is increasingly becoming the research of heterogeneous wireless network access to lift QoS of customer
Trend.《Communicate journal》Volume 33 the 7th periodical in 2012 carry " multimode terminal multi-radio access selection mechanism is ground in heterogeneous wireless network
Study carefully ", author：Model essay is great, Liu Yuanan, Wu Fan (Beijing University of Post ＆ Telecommunication's radio communication and electromagnetic compatibility laboratory), it is proposed that a kind of
The heterogeneous network system of selection connected simultaneously based on Multi net voting, this method is effectively improved on the premise of user's energy consumption is ensured
User throughput.However, this method does not account for the network load exacerbation situation that Multi net voting selection is brought.《Signal transacting》2014
" network selection algorithm of Multi net voting parallel transmission in heterogeneous network " that year volume 30 the 10th periodical is carried, author：Zhang Lina, Zhu
Fine jade, it is proposed that a kind of multimode terminal heterogeneous network system of selection based on Multi net voting parallel transmission and TOPSIS, this method is abundant
Situations such as considering user mobility, network load, can provide the user preferable service quality.But the algorithm does not account for industry
Service type, simply show the network performance situation under a kind of attribute weight.In addition, passed parallel based on multiple heterogeneous networks
The research of defeated network selection algorithm still needs to be goed deep into.
The content of the invention
Technical problem：The present invention is a kind of Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis, for mobile terminal net
Network multiple access module is made overall planning.By judging received signal strength, for the shifting in heterogeneous wireless network overlay area
Dynamic terminal determines to can access collection of network.The situation that single network insertion is accessed simultaneously with Multi net voting is taken into full account, with reference to accessible
Collection of network, further determines that objective network collection set.Each element in objective network collection set represents network connection
A kind of scheme.By calculating the parameter structures such as handling capacity, access cost, function loss and network load for each objective network collection
Establishing network attribute set, with reference to weight vectors, forms Multiple Attribute Decision Problems.Finally, solved using Grey Incidence Analysis
This problem carries out Multi net voting selection access.
This method is directed to the present Research that above-mentioned deficiency is connected with Multi net voting, it is proposed that a kind of Multi net voting connection scheme.Should
Scheme can fully improve the utilization effectiveness of Radio Resource, meanwhile, by adjusting weight vectors, user is fully met to variation
The demand of type of service.
Technical scheme：The present invention is a kind of Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis, by building many attributes
Decision problem, provides the user Multi net voting connection scheme, and take into full account the change of the user's request under different service types.Tool
Body step is as follows
(1) network information gathering
Multimode terminal with plurality of wireless networks interface should possess the systemic-function framework of following module, including interface
Control module (Interface Control Module, ICM), message processing module (Information Process
Module, IPM), user and network information module (User and Network Information Module, UNIM) connect more
Enter control module (Multi-Access Control Module, MACM) etc..The interface control module of mobile terminal is responsible for collection
The received signal strength of each wireless network and accessible channel parameter；
(2) determine to can access collection of network
Interface control module controls corresponding network by contrasting received signal strength RSS and received signal strength threshold value
The activation and closing of interface, the network of threshold value is higher than for RSS, then on activated terminals the network interface, and start network
Connection prepares, and because the wireless network that user moves or other reasonses cause RSS to be less than threshold value closes its respective wire in real time
Network interface.The interface control module of mobile terminal the information gathering stage by compare received signal strength and be stored in user with
The wireless network of network information module receives signal threshold value and determines to can access collection of network.
Assuming that network, which receives signal threshold value, is expressed as RSSthreshold, will for all received signal strength thresholdings that meet
Ask, i.e. the wireless network more than threshold value, in terminal interface control module by universal formulation to accessible collection of network AnS.Cause
This, when mobile terminal is rested under N number of heterogeneous wireless network scene, now can access collection of network can be expressed as
In order to determine the quantity that can access wireless network collection, it is assumed here that meet the heterogeneous wireless network quantity of threshold requirement
For M, and M≤N；
(3) objective network collection set is determined
Obtain and can access after collection of network, take into full account the situation that single network is accessed with Multi net voting, determine objective network collection
Each element among set, objective network collection set represents a kind of possibility of network connection, objective network collection set
The possibility of each network connection should be related to.
Objective network collection (Target network Set, TnS) refers to the network collection being made up of the network for arbitrarily meeting AnS
Close, it represents the various possibilities of Multi net voting connection.TnS can represent with row vector, such as TnS=[a1 a2...aM], its
Middle aiIt can represent present terminal for 0 or 1,1 and can be set up with i-th of network and be connected, 0 on the contrary.Based on Multi net voting simultaneously
The heterogeneous wireless network selection algorithm of connection, will take into account the possibility that single network is connected with Multi net voting in network selection procedures,
Therefore, the quantity of objective network set can be with the expansion of the build up index of accessible collection of network scale.Therefore, in scale
For in M accessible collection of network, the situation of single network connection has M kinds, i.e., select a kind of network to be accessed respectively；Connect simultaneously
Entering the situation of two networks has M (M-1)/2 may；By that analogy, the quantity of objective network collection set can reach 2MIt is individual, row
Except all unconnected situation of overall network, actual set size is 2M- 1.Due to can access the number of wireless network, i.e. M mono-
As will not be very big so that the set of objective network collection is within the scope of can handling and calculating all the time；
(4) objective network collection lumped parameter matrix and weight vectors are set up
By collecting the network parameter of each network in objective network collection set, objective network collection gathering network parameter is set up
Matrix, and obtain network parameter weight vectors from user and network information module；User is responsible for collection with network information module and used
Family information, i.e., by collecting user behavior custom with preference so that it is determined that the weight vectors of network parameter, weight vectors are expressed as W
=[w1,w2,w3,w4].Benefit in this way is to efficiently avoid the further increasing of Multi net voting selection algorithm complexity
Plus, effectively reduce processing delay.
This method choose objective network network parameter include network insertion handling capacity AT, Network Load Balance NLB,
Access power consumption APC and access cost NC etc..For arbitrary target network collection TnS=[a1 a2...aM], consider that network connects first
Enter handling capacity situation.The RSS information calculating network i that the present invention is detected using shannon formula and combination interface control module can be carried
The access handling capacity of confession is
Wherein α is the utilization rate of handling capacity, and B is the bandwidth that the network that terminal can be enjoyed is provided, and N is that average is that 0, variance is
5 white Gaussian noise power.Therefore, the accessible total throughout of objective network collection is
Interface control module can learn the total channel that every kind of network can be connected with user and network information module cooperation
Count, the total channel number for defining network i isIt is C that t, which can access the number of channel,i, can access the ratio of the number of channel and total channel number
Value represents the actual accessible ratio of network, and ratio is bigger, then illustrates that network load condition is better.Therefore, the present invention passes through meter
The situation that objective network collection network insertion variance of proportion carrys out statistics network load is calculated, variance is bigger, illustrates network load condition
It is more unbalanced；Conversely, then illustrating that network load condition is good, the load of network collection is more balanced.It shown below is computational load equal
The formula of weighing apparatus degree
Similarly, the total cost of network insertion is each network insertion cost sum
Finally, when statistics network accesses power consumption APC, this method uses typical power consumption of terminal computational methods, i.e.,
Wherein,WithRespectively minimum transmitting of the mobile terminal under the base station certain distance apart from network i
And receiving power, andFor to meet the signal transmission power that base station minimal detectable power thresholding mobile terminal is minimum, β is
Power conversion coefficient.WhereinIt is made up of two parts, a part is base station minimal detectable power thresholding, another part is letter
Number transimission power required when considering large scale decline with the transmission of wireless signals of shadow fading.
Because the scale of objective network collection set can reach 2M- 1, represent 2MThe scheme of-a kind of network connection.Here
In order to represent convenient, order
N (M)=2M-1
Therefore, the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) network paramter matrix of the problem is that the network paramter matrix of objective network collection set is
(5) grey correlation analysis sorts
With reference to network paramter matrix and network parameter weight vectors, using gray relative analysis method to objective network collection set
In element be ranked up.Network paramter matrix is normalized first.Gray relative analysis method sorts：With reference to network
Parameter matrix and network parameter weight vectors, are arranged the element in objective network collection set using gray relative analysis method
Sequence.Network paramter matrix is normalized first.Network insertion handling capacity is with Network Load Balance parameter using as follows
Method is normalized：
And be normalized for other two parameters using following formula：
Secondly, grey incidence coefficient and grey correlation grade are calculated, is determined most preferably by the relation compared with ideal scheme
Network selection scheme.
The influence space that Multi net voting accesses problem simultaneously can be characterized as { P (X)；Q }, wherein P (X) is that network parameter is empty
Between, Q represents to influence space.First, the sequence in influence space is expressed as below：
x0=(x0), (k) k=1 ..., N
xi=(xi), (k) k=1 ..., N
xj=(xj), (k) k=1 ..., N
In influence space, there is sequence：
xi=(xi(1),xi(2),...,xi(k)) ∈ X, i=1 ..., N (M)；K=1 ..., N
It is represented by using local grey correlation grade to calculate grey incidence coefficient：
Wherein,x0For reference sequences, xi
For by comparative sequences.
After grey incidence coefficient is obtained, grey correlation grade, such as following table are generally used as using GRC weighted average
Show：
Wherein, w is the corresponding weighted value of each network parameter.
Because GRC describes the similarity degree of each selected network and ideal network, selection most connects with ideal network scheme
Near network collection is used as optimum target network collection.Optimum network collection can be expressed as：
(6) network connection is set up
The multiple access control module of mobile terminal is by optimum network connection scheme notification interface control module, with reference to network choosing
Scheme is selected, Multi net voting connection is set up.
Beneficial effect
1. the invention devises modular functional unit, multi-module mobile terminal multiple access functional module is collected at mobile whole
Hold and highly interconnected between network connection unit, modules, so as to minimize information transfer time delay.Simultaneously by means of terminal technology
Progress, greatly reduce information processing time delay.At a high speed, real-time network connection adjustment can take into account terminal movement with control strategy
Property, provide the user preferable service quality (Quality of Service, QoS).
2. target access scheme both can be that single network can also be Multi net voting, under different scenes, pass through Multi net voting
Connection greatly improves the utilization ratio of wireless network, meanwhile, single method for connecting network has evaded the obstruction that network connection is brought
Problem.
3. being ranked up using grey correlation analysis to objective network collection, dull and non-monotonic network parameter is adapted to
Performance, possesses good sensitive adaptability simultaneously for network parameter weight vectors, is adapted to the use under different weight vectors
Family demand.
Supplementary notes：Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis, the multimode with plurality of wireless networks interface
Terminal should possess the systemic-function framework (Fig. 1) of following module.Interface control module (Interface Control
Module,ICM):Interface control module is responsible for the collection of the network information, including received signal strength (Received Signal
Strength, RSS), network available channel (Available Channel, AC) etc..Interface control module is to the letter beyond RSS
Breath is not analyzed and processed, and is directly transmitted to message processing module.Interface control module is strong by contrasting RSS and reception signal
Spend threshold value to control the activation and closing of corresponding network interface, the network of threshold value is higher than for RSS, then should on activated terminals
The interface of network, and start network connection preparation, and because user's movement or other reasonses cause RSS wireless less than threshold value
Network closes its corresponding network interface in real time.Message processing module (Information Process Module, IPM):Information
The user and the network information that processing module is then provided according to interface control module and user with network information module calculate each net
The parameters such as handling capacity, the network load of network.User and network information module (User and Network Information
Module,UNIM):User and network information module store each wireless network access fee, can connecting channel quantity with
And user preference information, these information need to regularly update, such as in the heterogeneous wireless network using cooperative radio resource management
In, mobile terminal with the radio resource management module of each network by carrying out information exchange so as to obtain the basic of wireless network
Information.Message processing module transmits the information after processing and user and the information unification that network information module is sent to connecing
Enter control module.Multiple access control module (Multi-Access Control Module, MACM):Access Control module is first
Distinguish available network and set up available network set, then for various network parameters, determined using corresponding network system of selection
Optimum network set, the set can include single network or multiple networks, reinform interface control module adjustment network and connect
The initiation and foundation connect.In addition, multi-module mobile terminal multiple access functional module is collected at mobile terminal network connection unit, each
Highly interconnected between module, so as to minimize information transfer time delay.Simultaneously by means of the progress of terminal technology, information is greatly reduced
Processing delay.At a high speed, real-time network connection adjustment can take into account terminal mobility with control strategy, provide the user preferably
Service quality (Quality of Service, QoS).
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is multi-module mobile terminal multiple access functional module framework of the invention；
Fig. 2 is method particular flow sheet of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the present invention in W1When user access handling capacity analogous diagram；
Fig. 4 is the present invention in W2When user access handling capacity analogous diagram；
Fig. 5 is the present invention in W3When user access handling capacity analogous diagram；
Fig. 6 is the present invention in W1When unit bandwidth network insertion cost analogous diagram；
Fig. 7 is the present invention in W2When unit bandwidth network insertion cost analogous diagram；
Fig. 8 is the present invention in W3When unit bandwidth network insertion cost analogous diagram；
Fig. 9 is the present invention in W1When unit bandwidth network insertion power consumption analogous diagram；
Figure 10 is the present invention in W2When unit bandwidth network insertion power consumption analogous diagram；
Figure 11 is the present invention in W3When unit bandwidth network insertion power consumption analogous diagram；
Figure 12 is the present invention in W1When network insertion cost analogous diagram；
Figure 13 is the present invention in W1When network insertion power consumption analogous diagram；
Figure 14 is the present invention in W1When network load analogous diagram；
Figure 15 is the present invention in W2When network load analogous diagram；
Figure 16 is the present invention in W3When network load analogous diagram.
Embodiment
The technical scheme to invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The thinking of the present invention is to apply to grey correlation theory in the problem of solution isomery Multi net voting is selected.The invention
Made overall planning for mobile terminal network multiple access module as shown in figure 1, by judging received signal strength, in different
The mobile terminal of structure wireless network coverage area determines to can access collection of network.Take into full account single network insertion with Multi net voting simultaneously
The situation of access, with reference to accessible collection of network, further determines that objective network collection set.It is each in objective network collection set
Individual element represents a kind of scheme of network connection.Damaged by calculating handling capacity, access cost, function for each objective network collection
The parameter such as consumption and network load builds network attribute set, with reference to weight vectors, forms Multiple Attribute Decision Problems.Finally, use
Grey correlation analysis algorithm solves this problem and carries out Multi net voting selection access.The detail flowchart of whole network selection is shown in Fig. 2.
In order to determine most suitable heterogeneous wireless network access scheme, the present invention is used widely to be made in single network selection algorithm
Multiple Attribute Decision Making Theory is solved to Multi net voting access problem.Network parameter selection network insertion handling capacity (Access
Throughput, AT), Network Load Balance (Network Load Balance, NLB), access power consumption (Access Power
Consumption, APC) it is used as the property parameters of multiple attribute decision making (MADM) with access cost (Network Cost, NC).Set up belong to more
Property decision problem, it is necessary to choose accessible collection of network, set up network paramter matrix, determine attribute relative weighting vector, finally
Optimum target network is determined using suitable multiple attribute decision making (MADM) sort algorithm.Comprise the following steps that：
(1) network information gathering
Multimode terminal with plurality of wireless networks interface should possess the systemic-function framework of following module, including interface
Control module (Interface Control Module, ICM), message processing module (Information Process
Module, IPM), user and network information module (User and Network Information Module, UNIM) connect more
Enter control module (Multi-Access Control Module, MACM) etc..The interface control module of mobile terminal is responsible for collection
The received signal strength of each wireless network and accessible channel parameter；
(2) determine to can access collection of network
Interface control module controls corresponding network by contrasting received signal strength RSS and received signal strength threshold value
The activation and closing of interface, the network of threshold value is higher than for RSS, then on activated terminals the network interface, and start network
Connection prepares, and because the wireless network that user moves or other reasonses cause RSS to be less than threshold value closes its respective wire in real time
Network interface.The interface control module of mobile terminal the information gathering stage by compare received signal strength and be stored in user with
The wireless network of network information module receives signal threshold value and determines to can access collection of network.
Assuming that network, which receives signal threshold value, is expressed as RSSthreshold, will for all received signal strength thresholdings that meet
Ask, i.e. the wireless network more than threshold value, in terminal interface control module by universal formulation to accessible collection of network AnS.Cause
This, when mobile terminal is rested under N number of heterogeneous wireless network scene, now can access collection of network can be expressed as
In order to determine the quantity that can access wireless network collection, it is assumed here that meet the heterogeneous wireless network quantity of threshold requirement
For M, and M≤N；
(3) objective network collection set is determined
Obtain and can access after collection of network, take into full account the situation that single network is accessed with Multi net voting, determine objective network collection
Each element among set, objective network collection set represents a kind of possibility of network connection, objective network collection set
The possibility of each network connection should be related to.
Objective network collection (Target network Set, TnS) refers to the network collection being made up of the network for arbitrarily meeting AnS
Close, it represents the various possibilities of Multi net voting connection.TnS can represent with row vector, such as TnS=[a1 a2...aM], its
Middle aiIt can represent present terminal for 0 or 1,1 and can be set up with i-th of network and be connected, 0 on the contrary.Based on Multi net voting simultaneously
The heterogeneous wireless network selection algorithm of connection, will take into account the possibility that single network is connected with Multi net voting in network selection procedures,
Therefore, the quantity of objective network set can be with the expansion of the build up index of accessible collection of network scale.Therefore, in scale
For in M accessible collection of network, the situation of single network connection has M kinds, i.e., select a kind of network to be accessed respectively；Connect simultaneously
Entering the situation of two networks has M (M-1)/2 may；By that analogy, the quantity of objective network collection set can reach 2MIt is individual, row
Except all unconnected situation of overall network, actual set size is 2M- 1.Due to can access the number of wireless network, i.e. M mono-
As will not be very big so that the set of objective network collection is within the scope of can handling and calculating all the time.M of the present invention is 4, set
Scale is only 15.
(4) objective network collection lumped parameter matrix and weight vectors are set up
By collecting the network parameter of each network in objective network collection set, objective network collection gathering network parameter is set up
Matrix, and obtain network parameter weight vectors from user and network information module；User is responsible for collection with network information module and used
Family information, i.e., by collecting user behavior custom with preference so that it is determined that the weight vectors of network parameter, weight vectors are expressed as W
=[w1,w2,w3,w4].Benefit in this way is to efficiently avoid the further increasing of Multi net voting selection algorithm complexity
Plus, effectively reduce processing delay.
The network parameter for the objective network that this method is chosen includes network insertion handling capacity AT, Network Load Balance NLB, connect
Enter power consumption APC and access cost NC etc..For arbitrary target network collection TnS=[a1 a2...aM], network insertion is considered first
Handling capacity situation.The RSS information calculating network i that the present invention is detected using shannon formula and combination interface control module can be provided
Access handling capacity be
Wherein α is the utilization rate of handling capacity, and B is the bandwidth that the network that terminal can be enjoyed is provided, and N is that average is that 0, variance is
5 white Gaussian noise power.Therefore, the accessible total throughout of objective network collection is
Interface control module can learn the total channel that every kind of network can be connected with user and network information module cooperation
Count, the total channel number for defining network i isIt is C that t, which can access the number of channel,i, can access the ratio of the number of channel and total channel number
Value represents the actual accessible ratio of network, and ratio is bigger, then illustrates that network load condition is better.Therefore, the present invention passes through meter
The situation that objective network collection network insertion variance of proportion carrys out statistics network load is calculated, variance is bigger, illustrates network load condition
It is more unbalanced；Conversely, then illustrating that network load condition is good, the load of network collection is more balanced.It shown below is computational load equal
The formula of weighing apparatus degree
Similarly, the total cost of network insertion is each network insertion cost sum
Finally, when statistics network accesses power consumption APC, this method uses typical power consumption of terminal computational methods, i.e.,
Wherein,WithRespectively minimum transmitting of the mobile terminal under the base station certain distance apart from network i
And receiving power, andFor to meet the signal transmission power that base station minimal detectable power thresholding mobile terminal is minimum, β is
Power conversion coefficient.WhereinIt is made up of two parts, a part is base station minimal detectable power thresholding, another part is letter
Number transimission power required when considering large scale decline with the transmission of wireless signals of shadow fading.
Because the scale of objective network collection set can reach 2M- 1, represent 2MThe scheme of-a kind of network connection.Here
In order to represent convenient, order
N (M)=2M-1 (7)
Therefore, the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) network paramter matrix of the problem is that the network paramter matrix of objective network collection set is
(5) grey correlation analysis sorts
With reference to network paramter matrix and network parameter weight vectors, using gray relative analysis method to objective network collection set
In element be ranked up.Network paramter matrix is normalized first.Gray relative analysis method sorts：With reference to network
Parameter matrix and network parameter weight vectors, are arranged the element in objective network collection set using gray relative analysis method
Sequence.Network paramter matrix is normalized first.Network insertion handling capacity is with Network Load Balance parameter using as follows
Method is normalized：
And be normalized for other two parameters using following formula：
Secondly, grey incidence coefficient and grey correlation grade are calculated, is determined most preferably by the relation compared with ideal scheme
Network selection scheme.
The influence space that Multi net voting accesses problem simultaneously can be characterized as { P (X)；Q }, wherein P (X) is that network parameter is empty
Between, Q represents to influence space.First, the sequence in influence space is expressed as below：
x0=(x0), (k) k=1 ..., N (11)
xi=(xi), (k) k=1 ..., N (12)
xj=(xj), (k) k=1 ..., N (13)
In influence space, there is sequence：
xi=(xi(1),xi(2),...,xi(k)) ∈ X, i=1 ..., N (M)；K=1 ..., N (14)
It is represented by using local grey correlation grade to calculate grey incidence coefficient：
Wherein,x0For reference sequences, xi
For by comparative sequences.
After grey incidence coefficient is obtained, grey correlation grade, such as following table are generally used as using GRC weighted average
Show：
Wherein, w is the corresponding weighted value of each network parameter.
Because GRC describes the similarity degree of each selected network and ideal network, selection most connects with ideal network scheme
Near network collection is used as optimum target network collection.Optimum network collection can be expressed as：
(6) network connection is set up
The multiple access control module of mobile terminal is by optimum network connection scheme notification interface control module, with reference to network choosing
Scheme is selected, Multi net voting connection is set up.
In summary, usefulness of the present invention is provided by simulation result：
The overlapping covering of four kinds of wireless networks in emulation, RAN1 is UMTS network, and RAN2 is that WiMAX, RAN3 and RAN4 are equal
For wlan network.Other network parameters are as shown in table 1.Assuming that user is occurred homogeneously in network overlapped region, with 0~10km/h
Speed in network's coverage area any direction move.Because the network parameter quantity of the invention used is few and importance phase
Seemingly, therefore, in method initially, network parameter enjoys equal weighted value, i.e. W1For { 0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25 }.Then,
Change over time, user behavior custom and the change of preference, user and network information module also can correspondingly to weight to
Amount is adjusted in real time.Therefore, in order to take into full account the network performance under a variety of different situations, the present invention will also investigate weight vectors
W2={ 0.3,0.2,0.2,0.3 } and W3Network performance changes during={ 0.35,0.15,0.15,0.35 }.The present invention passes through statistics
The service quality of user always obtains the average behavior of each network parameter in a period of time.
The simulation parameter of table 1
The present invention is in simulations compared with the prior art：Represented in analogous diagram with " GRA "《Information
Computing and Applications Lecture Notes in Computer Science》The numbering of publication is
“6377/2010:213-220 " documents " A Novel AHP and GRA Based Handover Decision Mechanism
Method in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ", it is a kind of grey correlation analysis list network selecting party
Method；Represented in analogous diagram with " TOPSIS "《Signal transacting》" the Multi net voting in heterogeneous network that volume 30 the 10th periodical in 2014 is carried
The network selection algorithm of parallel transmission ", it is a kind of Multi net voting system of selection based on multiple attribute decision making (MADM).
Fig. 3~Fig. 5 gives the situation of change that user under three kinds of weight vectors averagely accesses handling capacity.Can from figure
Go out, with increasing for number of users, at the beginning, because Internet resources are more, each user is inclined to while accessing multiple wireless
Network, averagely accesses handling capacity and increases rapid become greatly, however, with the further increase of number of users, net with number of users
In the case that network channel is limited, the number of users of the multiple networks of selection access is being gradually decreased, for wireless channel between user
Competition is also gradually fierce, and user's access congestion situations are serious all the more, and this is also under network insertion average throughput is reached behind peak
The reason for drop.Then, with the further increase of number of users, network progresses into full load condition, access handling capacity also because
This reaches plateau.From three it can be seen from the figure thats, under the conditions of first two weight vectors, the inventive method can provide best
Throughput services, and in the third weight vectors, throughput performance is only second to " TOPSIS ", better than single network connection. W3
Compared to W1And W2, the weight maximum of handling capacity is accessed, because the TOPSIS methods of " TOPSIS " use are for the higher attribute of weight
With higher sensitiveness, this is also this method in W3Under the conditions of have preferable throughput performance the reason for.But, it is comprehensive three kinds
Situation can be seen that for different weight vectors, and the inventive method has more preferable network insertion throughput performance.
Fig. 6~Fig. 8 gives the situation of change of the average access cost of unit bandwidth under three kinds of weight vectors.Unit bandwidth
Average access cost represent to lift the effect of network throughput by sacrificing access cost.It can be seen that unit
The user of bandwidth averagely access cost with number of users increase increase sharply after reach it is steady.Because, in number of users
In the case that amount is less, Multi net voting access is more welcome, and therefore access cost also improves.Then, the further increasing of number of users
Plus so that the scale of network selection is progressivelyed reach steadily, and access way is also gradually stablized, therefore, and access cost is reaching necessarily
It will gradually keep constant after number of users.Compared with other two methods, the inventive method averagely accesses cost side in unit bandwidth
Face has comprehensive advantage.But it is unavoidable to be, more preferable network performance is obtained, network totally accesses cost relatively
Height, Figure 12 gives W1Under the conditions of network insertion cost, the present invention spends by higher access, realizes and more preferably handle up
Amount situation and network performance.In addition, the average access cost of unit bandwidth can more illustrate return rate, should also be user more
It is good to value.
Similar to the average access cost of unit bandwidth, Fig. 9~Figure 11 gives the unit of similartrend under three kinds of weights
The average access power consumption situation of bandwidth.The average access power consumption of unit bandwidth represents the ability that power consumption exchanges more preferably service quality for.
The average access change of power consumption trend and reason of unit bandwidth are similar to access cost, repeat no more here.It should be noted that
Although in fig. 13, the inventive method W1Under the conditions of overall energy consumption it is higher, but by higher return rate, the inventive method,
Under the conditions of three kinds of weight vectors, best unit bandwidth network access facility performance is owned by.Figure 14~Figure 16 gives three
Plant the network load condition under weight vectors.It can be seen that under the conditions of any weight vectors, network load condition is all
As number of users is increasing.Because certainly, number of users gradually increases, it is meant that more network insertions with
The competition of fiercer wireless network resource, network load just becomes big with the increase of number of users.It should be noted that
In W3Under the conditions of, the inventive method possesses optimal network load performance, although handling capacity situation is not optimal, other three
The performance of performance is planted, the advantage of the inventive method has still been established.
To sum up shown, compared to other two methods, the inventive method possesses in terms of access handling capacity and network load
Preferable performance.And the average access cost of unit bandwidth is optimal with power consumption performance, then illustrate, the inventive method is in conversion
There is the return rate of more rationality in terms of Multi net voting access cost.By studying the network performance feelings under the conditions of different weight vectors
Condition, it can be seen that the inventive method has more preferable adaptability, under the conditions of different types of service, can provide and more manage
The QoS of customer thought.
In order to more fully utilize heterogeneous wireless network resource, the present invention is proposed one kind and connected simultaneously based on Multi net voting
Selecting method for isomeric wireless network.This method is based on mobile terminal, and pool rule are carried out to mobile terminal network multiple access module
Draw.By judging received signal strength, determine to can access network collection for the mobile terminal in heterogeneous wireless network overlay area
Close.Single network insertion is taken into full account with Multi net voting while situation about accessing, with reference to accessible collection of network, further determines that target
Network collection set.Each element in objective network collection set represents a kind of scheme of network connection.By for each mesh
Mark the parameters such as network collection calculating handling capacity, access cost, function loss and network load and build network attribute set, with reference to weight
Vector, forms Multiple Attribute Decision Problems.Finally, this problem is solved using Grey Incidence Analysis.Simulation result shows, with list
Network is compared with other many attribute Multi net voting cut-in methods, and Multi net voting connection method simultaneously proposed by the invention can be carried substantially
Network performance is risen, for without weight vectors, providing the user satisfied service quality.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Multi net voting cut-in method based on grey correlation analysis, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. network information gathering：Multimode terminal with plurality of wireless networks interface should possess the systemic-function frame of following module
Frame, including interface control module Interface Control Module are ICM, message processing module Information
Process Module, i.e. IPM, user and network information module User and Network Information Module, i.e.,
UNIM, multiple access control module Multi-Access Control Module are MACM；The interface control module of mobile terminal is born
Duty gathers the received signal strength and accessible channel parameter of each wireless network；
B. access network set is determined：Interface control module is by contrasting received signal strength RSS and received signal strength thresholding
Value controls the activation and closing of corresponding network interface, the network of threshold value is higher than for RSS, then the network on activated terminals
Interface, and start network connection preparation, and because user's movement or other reasonses cause RSS real less than the wireless network of threshold value
When close its corresponding network interface；The interface control module of mobile terminal is in the information gathering stage by comparing received signal strength
Be stored in user and network information module wireless network receive signal threshold value determine access network set；
Assuming that network, which receives signal threshold value, is expressed as RSSthreshold, received signal strength threshold requirement is met for all, i.e.,
More than the wireless network of threshold value, therefore shifting, is worked as to access network set AnS by universal formulation in terminal interface control module
Dynamic terminal is rested under N number of heterogeneous wireless network scene, and now access network set is expressed as
<mrow>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>{</mo>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>|</mo>
<msub>
<mi>RSS</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&GreaterEqual;</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>RSS</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
<mi>e</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
</mrow>
</msubsup>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>&Element;</mo>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>}</mo>
</mrow>
In order to determine the quantity for accessing wireless network collection, it is assumed here that the heterogeneous wireless network quantity for meeting threshold requirement is M, and
M≤N；
C. objective network collection set is determined：Obtain after access network set, take into full account the situation that single network is accessed with Multi net voting,
Determine that each element among objective network collection set, objective network collection set represents a kind of possibility of network connection,
The set of objective network collection should be related to the possibility of each network connection；
Objective network collection Target network Set are the collection of network that TnS refers to be made up of the network for arbitrarily meeting AnS, it
The various possibilities of Multi net voting connection are represented, TnS is represented with row vector, such as TnS=[a1 a2 ... aM], wherein aiFor 0 or
Person 1, and 1 represents present terminal is connected with i-th of network foundation, and 0 on the contrary；The heterogeneous wireless network connected simultaneously based on Multi net voting
System of selection, will take into account the possibility that single network is connected with Multi net voting in network selection procedures, therefore, objective network set
Quantity can be with the expansion of the build up index of access network set size；Therefore, in the access network set that scale is M,
The situation of single network connection has M kinds, i.e., select a kind of network to be accessed respectively；Accessing the situation of two networks simultaneously has M
(M-1)/2 may；By that analogy, the quantity of objective network collection set can reach 2MIt is individual, exclude overall network all unconnected
Situation, actual set size is 2M- 1；Due to accessing the number of wireless network, i.e. M typically will not be very big so that objective network
Within the scope of collection set is in processing and calculated all the time；
D. by collecting the network parameter of each network in objective network collection set, objective network collection gathering network parameter square is set up
Battle array, and obtain network parameter weight vectors from user and network information module；User is responsible for gathering user with network information module
Information, i.e., by collecting user behavior custom with preference so that it is determined that the weight vectors of network parameter, weight vectors are expressed as W=
[w1,w2,w3,w4]；The network parameter of the objective network of selection includes network insertion handling capacity AT, Network Load Balance NLB, connect
Enter power consumption APC and access cost NC；For arbitrary target network collection TnS=[a1 a2 ... aM], consider that network insertion is gulped down first
The amount of telling situation；The access handling capacity that the RSS information calculating network i detected using shannon formula and combination interface control module is provided
For
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<msub>
<mi>AT</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
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<msub>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>B</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mrow>
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<mn>1</mn>
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<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>RSS</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
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</mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
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<mo>,</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>&le;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&alpha;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&le;</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
1
Wherein α is the utilization rate of handling capacity, and B is the bandwidth that the network that terminal can be enjoyed is provided, and N is that average is that 0, variance is 5
White Gaussian noise power；Therefore, the access total throughout of objective network collection is
<mrow>
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<mi>AT</mi>
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<mi>n</mi>
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<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>AT</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
Interface control module cooperates with user and network information module learns the total channel number of every kind of network connection, defines network i
Total channel number beThe t access number of channel is Ci, it is actual that the ratio of the access number of channel and total channel number represents network
The ratio of can access, ratio is bigger, then illustrates that network load condition is better；By the side for calculating objective network collection network insertion ratio
Difference carrys out the situation of statistics network load, and variance is bigger, illustrates that network load condition is more unbalanced；Conversely, then illustrating network load
All right, the load of network collection is more balanced；It is the formula of computational load balance degree below
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>NLB</mi>
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<mi>n</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
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</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
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<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
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<mi>C</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
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<mi>t</mi>
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<mi>t</mi>
<mi>a</mi>
<mi>l</mi>
</mrow>
</msubsup>
</mfrac>
<mo>-</mo>
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<mn>1</mn>
<mi>M</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
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<mi>j</mi>
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<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
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<msub>
<mi>C</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
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Similarly, the total cost of network insertion is each network insertion cost sum
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>NC</mi>
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<mi>n</mi>
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<mi>i</mi>
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<mi>a</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>NC</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
Finally, when statistics network accesses power consumption APC, using typical power consumption of terminal computational methods, i.e.,
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>APC</mi>
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<mrow>
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<mrow>
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<mi>T</mi>
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<mrow>
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</mrow>
</msubsup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&beta;</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<msubsup>
<mi>PC</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
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<mi>a</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
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</msubsup>
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</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein,WithRespectively minimum of the mobile terminal under the base station certain distance apart from network i is launched and connect
Power is received, andFor to meet the signal transmission power that base station minimal detectable power thresholding mobile terminal is minimum, β is power
Conversion coefficient, whereinIt is made up of two parts, a part is base station minimal detectable power thresholding, another part is that signal exists
Consider transimission power required when large scale decline and the transmission of wireless signals of shadow fading；
Because the scale of objective network collection set reaches 2M- 1, represent 2MThe scheme of-a kind of network connection；Order
N (M)=2M-1
Therefore, the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) network paramter matrix of the problem is that the network paramter matrix of objective network collection set is
E. gray relative analysis method sorts：With reference to network paramter matrix and network parameter weight vectors, using grey correlation analysis
Method is ranked up to the element in objective network collection set, network paramter matrix is normalized first, network insertion
Handling capacity is adopted with Network Load Balance parameter and is normalized with the following method：
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</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
And be normalized for other two parameters using following formula：
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2
Secondly, grey incidence coefficient and grey correlation grade are calculated, optimum network is determined by the relation compared with ideal scheme
Selection scheme.
The influence spatial characterization that Multi net voting accesses problem simultaneously is { P (X)；Q }, wherein P (X) is network parameter space, and Q represents shadow
Ring space；First, the sequence in influence space is expressed as below：
x0=(x0), (k) k=1 ..., N
xi=(xi), (k) k=1 ..., N
xj=(xj), (k) k=1 ..., N
In influence space, there is sequence：
xi=(xi(1),xi(2),...,xi(k)) ∈ X, i=1 ..., N (M)；K=1 ..., N
It is represented by using local grey correlation grade to calculate grey incidence coefficient：
<mrow>
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<mrow>
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Wherein,x0For reference sequences, xiFor by than
Compared with sequence；
After grey incidence coefficient is obtained, using GRC weighted average as grey correlation grade, it is expressed as below：
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<mi>w</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
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</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein, w is the corresponding weighted value of each network parameter, because GRC describes the phase of each selected network and ideal network
Like degree, selection is with the immediate network collection of ideal network scheme as optimum target network collection, and optimum network set representations are：
<mrow>
<msubsup>
<mi>A</mi>
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F. the multiple access control module of mobile terminal is by optimum network connection scheme notification interface control module, with reference to network selection
Scheme, sets up Multi net voting connection.
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