CN107333153B - Video transmission method, base station and system - Google Patents

Video transmission method, base station and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107333153B
CN107333153B CN201610278220.XA CN201610278220A CN107333153B CN 107333153 B CN107333153 B CN 107333153B CN 201610278220 A CN201610278220 A CN 201610278220A CN 107333153 B CN107333153 B CN 107333153B
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China
Prior art keywords
video
code rate
user equipment
base station
rate information
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CN201610278220.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107333153A (en
Inventor
倪其玲
张长
周国华
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610278220.XA priority Critical patent/CN107333153B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/079328 priority patent/WO2017185951A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/121—Wireless traffic scheduling for groups of terminals or users
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1221—Wireless traffic scheduling based on age of data to be sent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1273—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of downlink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H04W72/566—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient

Abstract

The invention discloses a video transmission method, a base station and a system, which can schedule air interface resources and/or adjust the scheduling priority of user equipment according to code rate information of video segmentation of a video source so as to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment and reduce the pause phenomenon. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: a base station acquires code rate information of video segments of a video source; the base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information; and the base station sends the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.

Description

Video transmission method, base station and system
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a video transmission method, a base station, and a system.
Background
With the development and maturation of mobile network technology, various emerging mobile services are developed. Among the various services of today's mobile networks, video services occupy a significant portion of the network traffic. Although the performance of the existing mobile communication system is greatly improved compared with the prior art, with the continuous increase of video services, the mobile communication system still faces the problem of air interface resource shortage in the market for continuously pursuing higher-definition videos, if the user equipment needs to play the video services with larger data volume, the user equipment needs more air interface resources to support the playing of the video services with larger data volume, and under the condition of air interface resource shortage, the limited air interface resources are not enough to support the playing of the video services with larger data volume, so that the pause phenomenon occurs in the playing process of the video services, and the user experience is seriously influenced.
Currently, corresponding scheduling is mainly performed through a scheduling algorithm to avoid the problem of air interface resource shortage, so as to eliminate the pause phenomenon in video playing. The current major scheduling algorithms include maximum signal-to-Interference ratio (hereinafter referred to as Max C/I), Round-Robin (hereinafter referred to as Round Robin, and hereinafter referred to as RR), and Proportional Fair (hereinafter referred to as ProPORATIL Fair, and hereinafter referred to as PF).
However, the existing scheduling algorithm ignores the characteristics of the video service itself, that is, the video service requests transmission in a network by taking the video segments as independent units, the average code rate in the video segment duration has obvious fluctuation, and the shorter the segment duration is, the larger the difference between the wave peak and the wave trough is, that is, the data volume of different video segments has obvious difference. When the data volumes of the video segments of the video service are significantly different, more air interface resources are needed for the video segments with larger data volumes, and according to the existing scheduling algorithm, the air interface resources allocated to the video segments with different data volumes are the same, obviously, in the process of playing the video segments with larger data volumes, the existing scheduling algorithm is not enough to support the playing of the video segments with larger data volumes, and the video segments with larger data volumes are prone to being jammed, so that the viewing experience is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a video transmission method, a base station, and a system, which can schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of a user equipment according to code rate information of a video segment of a video source, so as to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment and reduce a pause phenomenon.
In view of the above, a first aspect of the present invention provides a video transmission method, including:
the present scheduling algorithm ignores the characteristics of video service itself, that is, there is a significant difference in data amount between video segments, and the present invention provides a video transmission scheme based on code rate information prediction of video segments, which includes:
a base station acquires code rate information of video segments of a video source;
the base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information;
and the base station sends the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
Optionally, the code rate information is average code rate information of the video segment, or the code rate information is data size information of the video segment and time length information available for playing of the video segment.
Therefore, the base station acquires the code rate information of the video segments of the video source, schedules the air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information, and balances the air interface resources of the user equipment through scheduling so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and the pause phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source is reduced.
In some possible implementations, the obtaining, by the base station, rate information of a video segment of a video source includes: the base station receives a first signaling of code rate information of a video segment carrying a video source, which is sent by core network equipment, wherein the code rate information is obtained by the core network equipment through statistics of historical transmission information of the video source, or the code rate information is obtained by a gateway of a core network where the core network equipment is located through deep packet detection of the video source; or the code rate information is the code rate information acquired by the core network equipment from a video server;
and the base station acquires code rate information of the video segments of the video source according to the first signaling.
In other possible implementations, the obtaining, by the base station, rate information of a video segment of a video source includes: the base station receives a second signaling which is sent by user equipment and carries code rate information of the video segments of the video source, wherein the code rate information is obtained by the user equipment through interaction with a video server through application layer signaling;
and the base station acquires code rate information of the video segments of the video source according to the second signaling.
In practical application, the code rate information obtained by the core network through statistics of historical transmission information of video sources may specifically be: the method comprises the steps that core network equipment stores known code rate information of video segments of a first video source, when a second video source of new unknown video segment code rate information is transmitted, data volume information of a plurality of transmitted video segments and data volume information of the known video segments are matched, if the matching degree is larger than a preset threshold value, the first video source and the second video source are determined to be the same video source, and after the first video source and the second video source are determined to be the same video source, code rate information is obtained through historical transmission information statistics of the same video source.
Optionally, the triggering conditions of the first signaling and the second signaling may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average code rate, reaches the threshold or exceeds the threshold, and may also be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower or higher than an absolute threshold.
In other possible implementations, the bitrate information is average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source within a preset time; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of the video file of the video source.
In another possible implementation manner, when the bitrate information is average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source, the obtaining, by the base station, bitrate information of a video segment of a video source includes: the base station receives average code rate information of each video segment of a video source sent by the video server; or the base station acquires the average code rate information of each video segment of a video source in a mode of detecting a media description file (MPD) through a deep packet, wherein the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source is added in the MPD; or, the base station receives the MPD sent by the core network device; and the base station acquires the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD.
In other possible implementation manners, before the scheduling, by the base station, air interface resources according to the code rate information and/or adjusting a scheduling priority of the user equipment, the method includes: the base station determines code rate distribution information of the video source according to the code rate information; the base station determines the data allowance in the video cache of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the obtained video data amount received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration; the base station determines the cache duration of the user equipment according to the data margin;
the base station scheduling air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information comprises: and the base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information and the cache duration.
In other possible implementation manners, the scheduling, by the base station, air interface resources according to the code rate information and the buffer duration includes:
the base station judges whether the user equipment is blocked in the process of playing the video source or not according to the code rate information and the cache duration; and when the base station judges that the user equipment has a pause in playing the video source, the base station allocates air interface resources for the user equipment.
Therefore, whether the user equipment is jammed in the future or not is judged through the code rate information and the buffer duration, and if the user equipment is jammed in the future, the base station allocates air interface resources for the user equipment in advance to avoid the jamming.
In other possible implementations, the method further includes: and the base station determines the data volume of the video segments and the time length available for playing according to the code rate distribution information.
Therefore, the base station may use the predicted data size of the video segment and the time length available for playing as one of references for adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment and scheduling air interface resources.
In other possible implementation manners, the air interface resource is video data sent by the video server, and the allocating, by the base station, the air interface resource to the user equipment includes: the base station sends a video data request to the video server; the base station receives video data fed back by the video server; the base station distributes the received video data to the user equipment; or, the base station informs the user equipment of sending a video data request to the video server, so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
Therefore, the base station wants to allocate the idle empty resource to the base station to determine that the user equipment will be blocked in the future, and the video server is required to issue the video data.
In other possible implementations, the method further includes: and the base station receives operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment, the core network equipment or the video server, wherein the operation information comprises at least one of pause operation, skip behavior, replay and dragging replay.
It can be seen that, since the operation behavior of the ue has a great influence on the use of the code rate information, if the ue can report the operation behavior (operation information) of the ue to the base station in time, the present invention is further improved.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for adjusting a code rate, including:
the base station acquires related information of video stream transmission;
the base station triggers an adjustment command of the video stream code rate according to the related information transmitted by the video stream;
the base station sends the adjustment command of the video stream code rate to user equipment, core network equipment or a video server;
the related information of the video streaming comprises one or more of the following: the packet loss rate, the block error rate, the retransmission times, the packet delay, the throughput rate, the average transmission rate in a segment or a first preset time, the average code rate in a segment or a second preset time, the playing buffer duration reported by the user equipment, or the playing buffer duration of the user equipment estimated by the base station according to the throughput rate and the video stream code rate.
Therefore, the method for triggering the adjustment command of the code rate of the video stream according to the related information transmitted by the video stream is provided, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source by adjusting the code rate, and the pause phenomenon is reduced.
In some possible implementations, the adjustment command of the video stream bitrate is an adjustment command of request information of the video stream bitrate, and the method further includes: the base station sends a signaling carrying the adjusted request information of the video stream code rate to user equipment, so that the user equipment sends the adjusted request information of the video stream code rate to a video server through an application layer signaling; or, the base station sends the signaling carrying the request information of the adjusted video stream bit rate to core network equipment, so that the core network equipment sends the signaling to a video server.
In other possible implementations, the method further includes: the base station receives a video segmentation request signaling sent by user equipment; the base station judges whether the data volume of the video segmentation requested by the user equipment is larger than a preset threshold value or not according to the video segmentation request signaling; if the data volume of the video segmentation requested by the user equipment is larger than a preset threshold value, the base station modifies the video segmentation request signaling; and the base station sends the modified video segmentation request signaling to a video server.
Therefore, under the condition that the data volume of the video segment requested by the user equipment is large, the base station adjusts the code rate by modifying the video segment request signaling.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring code rate information of video segments of a video source;
the processing module is used for scheduling air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information;
and the sending module is used for sending the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
Therefore, the acquisition module acquires code rate information of video segments of a video source, and the processing module schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information so as to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and the pause phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source is reduced.
In some possible implementation manners, the obtaining module is specifically configured to receive a first signaling of code rate information of a video segment carrying a video source, where the first signaling is sent by a core network device, and the code rate information is obtained by the core network device through statistics of historical transmission information of the video source, or the code rate information is obtained by a gateway of a core network where the core network device is located through deep packet detection of the video source; or the code rate information is the code rate information acquired by the core network equipment from a video server; and acquiring code rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the first signaling.
In another possible implementation manner, the obtaining module is specifically configured to receive a second signaling, which is sent by a user equipment and carries bitrate information of each video segment of a video source, where the bitrate information is bitrate information obtained by interaction between the user equipment and the video server through an application layer signaling; and acquiring code rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the second signaling.
In other possible implementations, the bitrate information is average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source within a preset time; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of the video file of the video source.
In another possible implementation manner, the obtaining module is specifically configured to receive, when the bitrate information is average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source, average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source sent by the video server; or, acquiring average code rate information of each video segment of a video source in a mode of detecting a media description file (MPD) through a deep packet, wherein the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source is added in the MPD; or, receiving the MPD sent by the core network device; and acquiring the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD.
In other possible implementations, the base station further includes: a first determining module, configured to determine, according to the code rate information, code rate distribution information of the video source before the processing module schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts a scheduling priority of user equipment according to the code rate information; determining the data allowance in the video cache of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the obtained video data amount received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration; determining the cache duration of the user equipment according to the data allowance;
the processing module is specifically configured to schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information and the cache duration.
In other possible implementations, the processing module includes: the judging unit is used for judging whether the user equipment is blocked in the process of playing the video source according to the code rate information and the cache duration; and the allocation unit is used for allocating air interface resources to the user equipment when the judgment unit judges that the user equipment has a pause in playing the video source.
In other possible implementations, the base station further includes: and the second determining module is used for determining the data volume of the video segment and the time length available for playing according to the code rate distribution information.
In other possible implementation manners, the air interface resource is video data sent by the video server, and the allocation unit is specifically configured to send a video data request to the video server; receiving video data fed back by the video server; distributing the received video data to the user equipment; or, specifically, the method is configured to notify the user equipment to send a video data request to the video server, so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
In other possible implementation manners, the obtaining module is further configured to receive operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment, the core network equipment, or the video server, where the operation information includes at least one of a pause operation, a skip behavior, a replay, and a drag play.
The fourth aspect of the present invention also provides a base station, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring related information of video stream transmission;
the triggering module is used for triggering an adjustment command of the video stream code rate according to the related information transmitted by the video stream;
the first sending module is used for sending the adjustment command of the video stream code rate to user equipment, core network equipment or a video server;
the related information of the video streaming comprises one or more of the following: the packet loss rate, the block error rate, the retransmission times, the packet delay, the throughput rate, the average transmission rate in a segment or a first preset time, the average code rate in a segment or a second preset time, the playing buffer duration reported by the user equipment, or the playing buffer duration of the user equipment estimated by the base station according to the throughput rate and the video stream code rate.
Therefore, the code rate is adjusted, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and the pause phenomenon is reduced.
In some possible implementation manners, the adjustment command of the video stream bitrate is an adjustment command of request information of the video stream bitrate, and the first sending module is further configured to send a signaling carrying the adjusted request information of the video stream bitrate to a user equipment, so that the user equipment sends the adjusted request information of the video stream bitrate to a video server through an application layer signaling; or, the core network device is further configured to send a signaling carrying the adjusted request information of the video stream bit rate to the core network device, so that the core network device sends the signaling to the video server.
In other possible implementations, the base station further includes:
the receiving module is used for receiving a video segmentation request signaling sent by user equipment;
the judging module is used for judging whether the data volume of the video segmentation requested by the user equipment is larger than a preset threshold value or not according to the video segmentation request signaling; the processing module is used for modifying the video segmentation request signaling if the judging module judges that the data volume of the video segmentation requested by the user equipment is larger than a preset threshold value; and the second sending module is used for sending the modified video segmentation request signaling to a video server.
Therefore, under the condition that the data volume of the video segment requested by the user equipment is large, the processing module adjusts the code rate by modifying the video segment request signaling.
A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a video transmission system, comprising:
the system comprises a video server, a base station and user equipment;
the video server is used for sending a video source to the base station;
the base station is used for receiving the video source; acquiring code rate information of the video segments of the video source; scheduling air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information; sending the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment;
the user equipment receives the video source.
In some possible implementations, the base station is further configured to receive operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment, a core network device, or a video server, where the operation information includes at least one of a pause operation, a skip behavior, a replay, and a drag play.
It can be seen that, since the operation behavior of the ue has a great influence on the use of the code rate information, if the ue can report the operation behavior (operation information) of the ue to the base station in time, the present invention is further improved.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the base station acquires code rate information of video segments of a video source, and schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information so as to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and the pause phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a video transmission method according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a video transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for adjusting a code rate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a video server according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention provide a video transmission method, a base station, and a system, which can schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of a user equipment according to code rate information of a video segment of a video source, so as to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment and reduce a pause phenomenon.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In addition, the term "and/or" in the specification and claims of the present invention is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" in this document indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
To facilitate understanding of The embodiment of The present invention, The system architecture of The video transmission method of The present invention is described below, and as shown in fig. 1, The technology described in The present invention can be applied to third generation Mobile communication networks (The third generation Mobile communication, abbreviated as 3G), 4G and future 5G communication systems, and/or other wireless communication systems using various wireless access technologies, such as cdma, fdma, tdma, ofdma, single carrier fdma, and The like.
The system architecture of the video transmission method of the present invention may be the architecture shown in fig. 1, and the video server shown in fig. 1 is referred to as a "service", which is capable of opening a network port, receiving a request for establishing a connection by client software through the network port, establishing a connection according to the request, exchanging data with the client software through the connection, and exchanging data with the client software through the connection. The base station in fig. 1 is a base station in Long Term Evolution (LTE), and is mainly responsible for functions of radio resource management, QoS management, data compression, encryption, and the like on the air interface side. The User Equipment (UE) referred to in fig. 1 is a device in LTE that accesses a network through a base station, and may be, for example, a handheld terminal, a notebook computer, or other devices that can access the network.
The video transmission method of the present invention is explained by the following specific embodiments:
referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of a video transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
101. a base station acquires code rate information of video segments of a video source;
in this embodiment, the video source requests transmission in a network by using a video segment as an independent unit, and in order to predict the flow of a future video segment or determine a user equipment which may be stuck in the future, the base station needs to first acquire the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, that is, open the code rate information of the video segment of the video source to the base station, and then perform corresponding scheduling.
Optionally, the code rate information is average code rate information of each video segment of the video source; or the code rate information is the average code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source within the preset time; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of the video file of the video source.
It should be noted that, this embodiment is illustrated by using one video source, and in other embodiments of the present invention, at least one video source may also be illustrated, that is, the bitrate information of each video segment of multiple video sources is opened to the base station, which is not limited in the present invention.
In addition, the code rate information includes average code rate information of the video segments, or the code rate information includes data volume information of the video segments and time length information of the video segments available for playing.
Optionally, when the code rate information is average code rate information of each video segment of the video source, the obtaining, by the base station, the code rate information of the video segment of the video source includes:
the method comprises the steps that a base station receives average code rate information of each video segment of a video source sent by a video server; or the like, or, alternatively,
the method comprises the steps that a base station obtains average code rate information of each video segment of a video source in a mode of detecting a media description file (MPD) through a deep packet, wherein the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source is added in the MPD; or the like, or, alternatively,
a base station receives MPD sent by core network equipment; and the base station acquires the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD. The embodiment of the present invention does not particularly limit the specific type of the core network device.
102. The base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information;
in this embodiment, after the base station obtains the code rate information of each video segment of the video source, the base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information.
If the scheduling priority of a certain user equipment is improved, the air interface resource is preferentially sent to the user equipment, so that the user equipment can better receive a video source; if the scheduling priority of a certain user equipment is adjusted, the scheduling priority is lowered, which indicates that the user equipment does not suffer from the stuck phenomenon in a period of time in the future, and more air interface resources can be allocated to other user equipment which may suffer from the stuck phenomenon in the future.
Optionally, the base station may schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment according to at least one of a data margin in the video cache, a current air interface capability, and a transmission rate of a certain bandwidth.
It should be noted that the data margin in the video buffer may be replaced by the following buffer duration.
It should be noted that the transmission rate with a certain bandwidth may be a transmission rate that the user equipment, the core network device, or the video server requests the base station to provide a certain bandwidth in a future period of time through signaling.
Optionally, when the video source is multiple, the base station obtains a utilization condition of an air interface resource according to the air interface capability, and when the air interface resource is idle, the base station may determine, according to the code rate information, user equipment that may be stuck in the future in a cell served by the base station, and the base station may allocate an air interface resource to the user equipment that may be stuck in the future in advance; or when the air interface resources are more tense, the base station may determine, according to the code rate information, user equipment that will not be stuck in a cell served by the base station within a period of time in the future and user equipment that will possibly be stuck in the future, and the base station may reduce in advance the scheduling priority of the user equipment that will not be stuck in the period of time in the future and increase the scheduling priority of the user equipment that will possibly be stuck in the future. It can be understood that, by scheduling the air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment, the air interface resources of the user equipment are balanced before the user equipment transmits the corresponding video source, and obviously, the number of times of blocking and the blocking time can be reduced.
103. And the base station sends the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
In this embodiment, the base station obtains rate information of a video segment of a video source, and the base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts a scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the rate information to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and a pause phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of a video transmission method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
201. a base station acquires code rate information of video segments of a video source;
in this embodiment, the video source requests transmission in a network by using a video segment as an independent unit, and in order to predict the flow of a future video segment or determine a user equipment which may be stuck in the future, the base station needs to first acquire the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, that is, open the code rate information of the video segment of the video source to the base station, and then perform corresponding scheduling.
The method for acquiring the code rate information of the video segments of the video source by the base station comprises the following steps:
a base station receives a first signaling which is sent by core network equipment and carries code rate information of each video segment of a video source, wherein the code rate information is obtained by the core network equipment through statistics of historical transmission information of the video source; or the code rate information is obtained by a gateway of a core network where the core network equipment is located through a deep packet inspection video source; or the code rate information is the code rate information acquired by the core network equipment from the video server;
the base station acquires code rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the first signaling; or the like, or, alternatively,
the base station receives a second signaling which is sent by the user equipment and carries code rate information of the video segments of the video source, wherein the code rate information is obtained by the user equipment through interaction with a video server through application layer signaling;
and the base station acquires the code rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the second signaling.
It should be noted that the code rate information obtained by the core network device through statistics of historical transmission information of a video source specifically includes: the method comprises the steps that core network equipment stores known code rate information of video segments of a first video source, when a second video source of new unknown video segment code rate information is transmitted, data volume information of a plurality of transmitted video segments and data volume information of the known video segments are matched, if the matching degree is larger than a preset threshold value, the first video source and the second video source are determined to be the same video source, and after the first video source and the second video source are determined to be the same video source, code rate information is obtained through historical transmission information statistics of the same video source.
It should be noted that the triggering conditions of the first signaling and the second signaling may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average code rate, reaches the threshold or exceeds the threshold, and may also be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower or higher than an absolute threshold.
It should be noted that the application layer signaling may be a hypertext transfer Protocol (HTTP) command, a Real-time transport Control Protocol (RTCP) command, or other commands, and is not limited herein. The second signaling may be Radio Resource Control (RRC), or other types of signaling, which is not limited herein. After obtaining the code rate information, the ue may trigger RRC signaling to notify the base station.
202. The base station determines code rate distribution information of the video source according to the code rate information;
in this embodiment, the base station may obtain a fluctuation schematic diagram of the code rate of each video segment changing with time according to the code rate information, and may obtain the code rate distribution information by reading the fluctuation schematic diagram of the code rate of each video segment changing with time.
203. The base station determines the data allowance in the video cache of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the obtained video data amount received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration;
in this embodiment, after determining the complete code rate distribution information of the video source, the base station determines the data margin in the video cache of the user equipment by combining the obtained video data amount received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration.
The user equipment can send the received video data volume and the corresponding receiving time length to the base station in a signaling mode.
The user device may play back or cache one or more other video sources before receiving the video source. Assuming that the user equipment is playing a first target video source and buffering a second target video source before receiving the video sources, and the first target video source has been played for 5 minutes to obtain the data volume corresponding to the 5 minutes played by the first target video source, if the 20 th minute of the first video source is cached, the data volume of the first target video source received by the user equipment is obtained by combining the code rate distribution information, within 5 minutes of playing the first target video source, the second target video source is cached to the 15 th minute, the data volume of the second target video source received by the user equipment is obtained by combining the code rate distribution information, the data volume of the first target video source and the data volume of the second target video source are summed, and obtaining the data volume sum, and subtracting the data volume corresponding to the 5-minute playing of the first target video source from the data volume sum to obtain the data allowance in the video cache of the user equipment.
204. The base station determines the cache duration of the user equipment according to the data margin;
it should be noted that the buffering duration is the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment in the time dimension, and is different from the data margin in the video buffer in the prior art, and how long the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment can be played can be estimated through the buffering duration in the present invention, rather than how many mbits or how many kbits of data exist in the prior art. Obviously, the embodiment of the invention adopts the data margin in the video cache on the time dimension as the reference for the scheduling of the subsequent base station, and is more intuitive and accurate.
It should be noted that, in some possible implementations, step 203 and step 204 may be combined and replaced by: and the base station determines the cache duration of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the obtained data volume received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration.
205. The base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information and the cache duration;
in this embodiment, after the base station determines the cache duration, the base station may schedule the air interface resource and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the current air interface capability, the code rate information, and the cache duration.
Optionally, the scheduling, by the base station, of the air interface resource according to the code rate information and the cache duration specifically includes:
the base station judges whether the user equipment is blocked or not in the process of playing the video source according to the code rate information and the buffer duration;
and when the base station judges that the user equipment is blocked in the process of playing the video source, the base station allocates air interface resources for the user equipment.
And the base station judges whether the user equipment is likely to be stuck in the future or not according to the code rate information and the cache duration, and if the user equipment is not stuck in the future, the base station allocates air interface resources for the user equipment.
It should be noted that the base station may determine the video segmentation code rate peak-valley information according to the code rate information, measure the video cache state (i.e., cache duration) of the user equipment in the cell and the future video segmentation code rate peak-valley information when the air interface resources are idle, and pre-allocate the air interface resources to the user equipment when it is determined that the user equipment will be stuck in the future.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the base station determines the data volume of the video segments and the time length available for playing according to the code rate distribution information.
The base station can predict the data volume of the video segment and the time length of the video segment available for playing according to the code rate distribution information.
It should be noted that the base station may use the predicted data size of the video segment and the time length available for playing as one of references for adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment and scheduling air interface resources.
Optionally, the air interface resource is video data sent by a video server, and the allocating, by the base station, the air interface resource to the user equipment includes:
a base station sends a video data request to a video server;
the base station receives video data fed back by the video server;
the base station distributes the received video data to the user equipment; or the like, or, alternatively,
and the base station informs the user equipment of sending a video data request to the video server so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
It should be noted that, the two schemes for allocating air interface resources to the user equipment provided by the present invention are described above, and the present invention may also be implemented by using other schemes, which are not limited herein.
After the base station acquires the code rate distribution information, the behavior of the user equipment has a great influence on the code rate distribution information, such as events of pause operation, skip behavior, replay, dragging and the like of the user equipment, so that the user equipment can report the events to the base station in time, and the scheme of the invention is further improved. Specifically, the present invention further comprises: the base station receives operation information of the user equipment on a video source, wherein the operation information is sent by the user equipment, the core network equipment or the video server and comprises at least one of pause operation, skip action, replay and dragging replay.
206. And the base station sends the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
In this embodiment, the base station balances the air interface resources of the user equipment by scheduling, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and the pause phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source is reduced.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of a method for adjusting a code rate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
301. the base station acquires related information of video stream transmission;
in this embodiment, the related information of video streaming includes one or more of the following: the packet loss rate, the block error rate, the retransmission times, the packet delay, the throughput rate, the average transmission rate in a segment or a first preset time, the average code rate in a segment or a second preset time, the playing buffer duration reported by the user equipment, or the playing buffer duration of the user equipment estimated by the base station according to the throughput rate and the video stream code rate.
302. The base station triggers an adjustment command of the video stream code rate according to the related information transmitted by the video stream;
after acquiring the relevant information of video stream transmission, the base station triggers an adjustment command of the video stream code rate according to the relevant information.
Optionally, the adjusting command of the video stream bitrate is an adjusting command of request information of the video stream bitrate, and further includes:
the base station sends a signaling carrying the adjusted request information of the video stream code rate to user equipment, so that the user equipment sends the adjusted request information of the video stream code rate to a video server through an application layer signaling;
or the like, or, alternatively,
and the base station sends the signaling carrying the request information of the adjusted video stream code rate to core network equipment, so that the core network equipment sends the signaling to a video server.
It should be noted that, after receiving the signaling carrying the request information of the adjusted video stream bitrate, the user equipment obtains the request information of the adjusted video stream bitrate carried by the signaling, and sends the request information of the adjusted video stream bitrate to the video server through the application layer signaling.
It should be noted that, after receiving the signaling carrying the request information of the adjusted video stream code rate, the core network device forwards the signaling to the video server, and after receiving the signaling, the video server obtains the request information of the adjusted video stream code rate carried by the signaling, and performs video segmentation according to the request information of the adjusted video stream code rate.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a base station receives a video segmentation request signaling sent by user equipment;
and the base station modifies the video segmentation request signaling according to the obtained judgment result of the access network on the video segmentation request information and sends the modified video segmentation request signaling to the video server.
It is understood that, after receiving the video segmentation request signaling, the video server performs video segmentation according to the video segmentation request information.
303. And the base station sends the adjustment command of the video stream code rate to user equipment, core network equipment or a video server.
In this embodiment, the base station may send the adjustment command of the video stream bit rate to any one of the user equipment, the core network equipment, and the video server.
It should be noted that, if the base station sends the adjustment command of the video stream code rate to the user equipment or the core network equipment, after receiving the adjustment command of the video stream code rate, the user equipment or the core network equipment may forward the adjustment command of the video stream code rate to the video server, and after receiving the adjustment command, the video server performs video segmentation according to the adjustment command.
In this embodiment, the code rate is adjusted so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and the pause phenomenon is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of a base station in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
an obtaining module 401, configured to obtain code rate information of a video segment of a video source;
a processing module 402, configured to schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information;
a sending module 403, configured to send a video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
Optionally, the code rate information is average code rate information of each video segment of the video source; or the code rate information is the average code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source within the preset time; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of the video file of the video source.
Optionally, the obtaining module 401 is specifically configured to receive, when the code rate information is average code rate information of each video segment of the video source, average code rate information of the video segment of the video source sent by the video server; or, acquiring average code rate information of each video segment of a video source in a mode of detecting a media description file (MPD) through a deep packet, wherein the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source is added in the MPD; or, receiving an MPD sent by a core network device; and acquiring the average code rate information of each video segment of a video source in the MPD.
In this embodiment, the obtaining module 401 obtains code rate information of a video segment of a video source, and the processing module 402 schedules air interface resources and/or schedules scheduling priorities of user equipments according to the code rate information, so that the user equipments can better receive the video source by scheduling and balancing the air interface resources of the user equipments, thereby reducing a pause phenomenon when the user equipments transmit the video source.
Referring to fig. 6, another embodiment of the base station in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
an obtaining module 501, configured to obtain code rate information of a video segment of a video source;
a first determining module 502, configured to determine code rate distribution information of a video source according to the code rate information; determining the data allowance in the video cache of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the obtained video data amount received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving time; determining the cache duration of the user equipment according to the data allowance;
a processing module 503, configured to schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information and the cache duration;
a sending module 504, configured to send the video source to the user equipment.
Optionally, the obtaining module 501 is specifically configured to receive a first signaling carrying code rate information of each video segment of a video source sent by a core network device, where the code rate information is obtained by counting historical transmission information of the video source by the core network device; or the code rate information is obtained by a gateway of a core network where the core network equipment is located through a deep packet detection video source; or the code rate information is the code rate information acquired by the core network equipment from the video server; acquiring code rate information of each video segment of a video source according to the first signaling; or, the second signaling is specifically used for receiving code rate information of each video segment carrying the video source sent by the user equipment, where the code rate information is obtained by interaction between the user equipment and the video server through application layer signaling; and acquiring code rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the second signaling.
It should be noted that the code rate information obtained by the core network device through statistics of historical transmission information of a video source specifically includes: the method comprises the steps that core network equipment stores known code rate information of video segments of a first video source, when a second video source of new unknown video segment code rate information is transmitted, data volume information of a plurality of transmitted video segments and data volume information of the known video segments are matched, if the matching degree is larger than a preset threshold value, the first video source and the second video source are determined to be the same video source, and after the first video source and the second video source are determined to be the same video source, code rate information is obtained through historical transmission information statistics of the same video source.
It should be noted that the triggering conditions of the first signaling and the second signaling may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average code rate, reaches the threshold or exceeds the threshold, and may also be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower or higher than an absolute threshold.
It should be noted that the application layer signaling may be an HTTP command, an RTCP command, or other commands, and is not limited herein. The second signaling may be RRC, or may be other types of signaling, and is not limited herein. After obtaining the code rate information, the ue may trigger RRC signaling to notify the base station. It should be noted that the triggering condition for triggering the RRC signaling to notify the base station may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average code rate, reaches the threshold or exceeds the threshold, and may also be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower or higher than an absolute threshold.
It should be noted that the buffering duration is the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment in the time dimension, and is different from the data margin in the video buffer in the prior art, and how long the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment can be played can be estimated through the buffering duration in the present invention, rather than how many mbits or how many kbits of data exist in the prior art. Obviously, the data margin in the video cache in the time dimension adopted by the embodiment of the invention is more intuitive and accurate as the reference for the scheduling of the subsequent base station.
In this embodiment, the processing module 503 balances the air interface resources of the ue by scheduling, so that the ue can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the pause phenomenon when the ue transmits the video source.
Optionally, with reference to fig. 6, in this embodiment, the processing module 503 includes:
a determining unit 5031, configured to determine, according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, whether the user equipment will be stuck during the process of playing the video source;
an allocating unit 5032, configured to allocate a control resource for the user equipment when the determining unit 5031 determines that the user equipment will be jammed in the process of playing the video source.
The base station further comprises:
and a second determining module 505, configured to determine, according to the bitrate distribution information, a data amount of the video segment and a time length available for playing.
Optionally, the air interface resource is video data sent by the video server, and the allocating unit 5032 is specifically configured to send a video data request to the video server; receiving video data fed back by a video server; distributing the received video data to the user equipment; or, the notification module is specifically configured to notify the user equipment to send a video data request to the video server, so that the user equipment receives video data fed back by the video server.
After the first determining module 502 in the present invention determines the code rate distribution information, the behavior of the user equipment has a great influence on the code rate distribution information, such as events of the user equipment, such as pause operation, replay, and dragging play, so that the user equipment can report the events to the obtaining module 501 in time, which is favorable for further improvement of the scheme of the present invention. Specifically, the obtaining module 501 is further configured to receive operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment, the core network equipment, or the video server, where the operation information includes at least one of a pause operation, a skip action, a replay, and a drag play.
In this embodiment, the processing module 503 balances the air interface resource of the ue by scheduling so that the ue can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the pause phenomenon when the ue transmits the video source.
Referring to fig. 7, another embodiment of the base station in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
the base station comprises a transmitter/receiver 601, a controller/processor 602 and a communication unit 603. The transmitter/receiver 601 is used to support the transceiving of messages between the base station and the user equipment, the video server and the core network device in the above embodiments. The controller/processor 602 performs various functions for communicating with user equipment, video servers, and core network devices. The bitrate information of a video segment of a video source from a user equipment is received via an antenna, mediated by a receiver 601, and further processed by a controller/processor 602 to schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment, and after corresponding scheduling and/or adjustment, the transmitter 601 transmits the video source to the user equipment via the antenna. Controller/processor 602 may also perform the processes of fig. 2 and 3 for a base station and/or other processes for the techniques described herein. The communication unit 603 is configured to support the base station to communicate with other network entities. For example, for supporting communication between a base station and a video server, core network device. Specifically, the communication unit 603 may receive code rate information of a video segment of a video source sent by the core network device, and then send the code rate information of the video segment of the video source to the user equipment, in an actual application scenario, the communication unit 603 may be a communication interface of the base station, that is, the code rate information of the video segment of the video source from the core network device is received through one communication interface of the base station, and is further processed by the controller/processor 602 to schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment, and after corresponding scheduling and/or adjustment, the transmitter 601 transmits the video source to the user equipment through the antenna.
It is to be understood that fig. 7 only shows a simplified design of a base station, which in practical applications may comprise any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, controllers, communication units, etc., and all base stations that may implement the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
The controller/processor for implementing the above-described base station of the present invention may be a central processing unit, general purpose processor, digital signal processor, application specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or execute the various illustrative logical blocks and modules described in connection with the disclosure. A processor may also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors. A combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and the like.
Referring to fig. 8, another embodiment of the base station in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
an obtaining module 701, configured to obtain related information of video streaming;
a triggering module 702, configured to trigger an adjustment command of a video stream code rate according to related information of video stream transmission;
a first sending module 703, configured to send an adjustment command of a video stream code rate to a user equipment, a core network device, or a video server;
the related information of the video streaming comprises one or more of the following: the packet loss rate, the block error rate, the retransmission times, the packet delay, the throughput rate, the average transmission rate in a segment or a first preset time, the average code rate in a segment or a second preset time, the playing buffer duration reported by the user equipment, or the playing buffer duration of the user equipment estimated by the base station according to the throughput rate and the video stream code rate.
Optionally, the adjustment command of the video stream code rate is an adjustment command of request information of the video stream code rate, and the first sending module 703 is further configured to send a signaling carrying the adjusted request information of the video stream code rate to the user equipment, so that the user equipment sends the adjusted request information of the video stream code rate to the video server through the application layer signaling; or, the core network device is further configured to send a signaling carrying the request information of the adjusted video stream bit rate to the core network device, so that the core network device sends the signaling to the video server.
Optionally, the base station further includes:
a receiving module 704, configured to receive a video segmentation request signaling sent by a user equipment;
a determining module 705, configured to determine, according to the video segmentation request signaling, whether a data amount of a video segment requested by the user equipment is greater than a preset threshold;
a processing module 706, configured to modify a video segmentation request signaling if the determining module 705 determines that the data amount of the video segmentation requested by the user equipment is greater than a preset threshold;
a second sending module 707, configured to send the modified video segmentation request signaling to the video server.
In this embodiment, the code rate is adjusted so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, and the pause phenomenon is reduced.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in terms of hardware implementation, the functions of the obtaining module 701 may be performed by a receiver, the functions of the first sending module 703 and the second sending module 707 may be performed by a transmitter, or the functions of the obtaining module 701, the first sending module 703 and the second sending module 707 may be implemented by a transceiver or a communication module. Further, the functionality of the triggering module 702 and the processing module 706 may be implemented by a processor. The base station may also include a memory for storing instructions for execution by the processor.
Referring to fig. 9, an embodiment of a video transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
video server 801, base station 802, and user equipment 803;
the video server 801 is used for sending a video source to the base station 802;
base station 802 is configured to receive a video source; acquiring code rate information of video segments of a video source; scheduling air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information; sending the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment;
user device 803 is used to receive a video source.
Optionally, the base station 802 is further configured to receive operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment 802 through the user equipment 803, the core network device, or the video server 801, where the operation information includes at least one of a pause operation, a skip action, a replay, and a drag play.
In this embodiment, the base station 802 balances the air interface resources of the user equipment 803 through scheduling, so that the user equipment 803 can better receive a video source, thereby reducing the pause phenomenon when the user equipment 803 transmits the video source.
Referring to fig. 10, an embodiment of a video server according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a video server 900 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the video server 900 may have a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs) 901 (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory 902, and one or more storage media 905 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) for storing applications 903 or data 904. Memory 902 and storage media 905 may be, among other things, transient storage or persistent storage. The program stored on the storage medium 905 may include one or more modules (not shown), each of which may include a sequence of instruction operations on a video server. Still further, the central processor 901 may be configured to communicate with the storage medium 905, and execute a series of instruction operations in the storage medium 902 on the video server 900.
The video server 900 may also include one or more power supplies 906, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 907, one or more input-output interfaces 908, and/or one or more operating systems 909, such as Windows Server, Mac OS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM, and so forth.
The steps performed by the video server in the above embodiment may be based on the structure shown in fig. 10.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (22)

1. A video transmission method, comprising:
a base station acquires code rate information of a plurality of video segments of a video source from core network equipment or user equipment;
the base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of user equipment according to the code rate information so as to balance the air interface resources;
and the base station sends the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station obtaining bitrate information for a plurality of video segments of a video source from a core network device comprises:
the base station receives a first signaling of code rate information of a video segment carrying a video source, which is sent by core network equipment, wherein the code rate information is obtained by the core network equipment through statistics of historical transmission information of the video source, or the code rate information is obtained by a gateway of a core network where the core network equipment is located through deep packet detection of the video source; or the code rate information is the code rate information acquired by the core network equipment from a video server;
and the base station acquires code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source according to the first signaling.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the base station obtaining bitrate information for a plurality of video segments of a video source from a user equipment comprises:
the base station receives a second signaling which is sent by user equipment and carries code rate information of the video segments of the video source, wherein the code rate information is obtained by the user equipment through interaction with a video server through application layer signaling;
and the base station acquires code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source according to the second signaling.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the bitrate information is average bitrate information for each video segment of the video source; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source within a preset time; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of the video file of the video source.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein when the bitrate information is average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source, the obtaining, by the base station, bitrate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source from a core network device comprises:
the base station receives a deep packet inspection media description file (MPD) sent by the core network equipment, wherein the MPD is added with average code rate information of each video segment of the video source;
and the base station acquires the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the base station comprises, before scheduling air interface resources and/or adjusting scheduling priority of user equipment according to the code rate information:
the base station determines code rate distribution information of the video source according to the code rate information;
the base station determines the data allowance in the video cache of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the obtained video data amount received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration;
the base station determines the cache duration of the user equipment according to the data margin;
the base station scheduling air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information comprises:
and the base station schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information and the cache duration.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the base station scheduling air interface resources according to the code rate information and the buffer duration comprises:
the base station judges whether the user equipment is blocked in the process of playing the video source or not according to the code rate information and the cache duration;
and when the base station judges that the user equipment has a pause in playing the video source, the base station allocates air interface resources for the user equipment.
8. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
and the base station determines the data volume of the video segments and the time length available for playing according to the code rate distribution information.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the air interface resource is video data delivered by the video server, and the base station allocating the air interface resource to the user equipment comprises:
the base station sends a video data request to the video server;
the base station receives video data fed back by the video server;
the base station distributes the received video data to the user equipment; or the like, or, alternatively,
and the base station informs the user equipment of sending a video data request to the video server so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising:
and the base station receives operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment, the core network equipment or the video server, wherein the operation information comprises at least one of pause operation, skip behavior, replay and dragging replay.
11. A base station, comprising:
the device comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring code rate information of a plurality of video segments of a video source from core network equipment or user equipment;
the processing module is used for scheduling air interface resources according to the code rate information and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment so as to balance the air interface resources;
and the sending module is used for sending the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
12. The base station of claim 11, wherein the obtaining module is specifically configured to receive a first signaling of code rate information of a video segment with a video source sent by a core network device, where the code rate information is obtained by the core network device through statistics of historical transmission information of the video source, or the code rate information is obtained by a gateway of a core network where the core network device is located detecting the video source through a deep packet; or the code rate information is the code rate information acquired by the core network equipment from a video server; and acquiring code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source according to the first signaling.
13. The base station of claim 11, wherein the obtaining module is specifically configured to receive a second signaling of code rate information of a video segment with a video source sent by a user equipment, where the code rate information is obtained by interacting the user equipment with the video server through an application layer signaling; and acquiring code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source according to the second signaling.
14. The base station of claim 11, wherein the bitrate information is average bitrate information for each video segment of the video source; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source within a preset time; or, the code rate information is average code rate information of the video file of the video source.
15. The base station of claim 14, wherein the obtaining module is specifically configured to receive a deep packet inspection media description file (MPD) sent by the core network device when the bitrate information is average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source, where the average bitrate information of each video segment of the video source is added in the MPD; and acquiring the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD.
16. The base station of claim 11, wherein the base station further comprises:
a first determining module, configured to determine, according to the code rate information, code rate distribution information of the video source before the processing module schedules air interface resources and/or adjusts a scheduling priority of user equipment according to the code rate information; determining the data allowance in the video cache of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the obtained video data amount received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration; determining the cache duration of the user equipment according to the data allowance;
the processing module is specifically configured to schedule air interface resources and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information and the cache duration.
17. The base station of claim 16, wherein the processing module comprises:
the judging unit is used for judging whether the user equipment is blocked in the process of playing the video source according to the code rate information and the cache duration;
and the allocation unit is used for allocating air interface resources to the user equipment when the judgment unit judges that the user equipment has a pause in playing the video source.
18. The base station of claim 16, wherein the base station further comprises:
and the second determining module is used for determining the data volume of the video segment and the time length available for playing according to the code rate distribution information.
19. The base station according to claim 17, wherein the air interface resource is video data delivered by the video server, and the allocation unit is specifically configured to send a video data request to the video server; receiving video data fed back by the video server; distributing the received video data to the user equipment; or, specifically, the method is configured to notify the user equipment to send a video data request to the video server, so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
20. The base station according to any one of claims 11 to 19, wherein the obtaining module is further configured to receive operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment, a core network device, or a video server, where the operation information includes at least one of a pause operation, a skip behavior, a replay, and a drag replay.
21. A video transmission system, comprising:
the system comprises a video server, a base station and user equipment;
the video server is used for sending a video source to the base station;
the base station is used for receiving the video source; acquiring code rate information of a plurality of video segments of the video source from core network equipment or user equipment; scheduling air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the code rate information to balance the air interface resources; sending the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment;
the user equipment receives the video source.
22. The system according to claim 21, wherein the base station is further configured to receive operation information of the video source sent by the user equipment, a core network device or a video server, where the operation information includes at least one of a pause operation, a skip action, a replay and a drag play.
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