CN107332618A - A kind of 5G RoF center base stations control the access communications system of wave beam forming - Google Patents

A kind of 5G RoF center base stations control the access communications system of wave beam forming Download PDF

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CN107332618A
CN107332618A CN201710499241.9A CN201710499241A CN107332618A CN 107332618 A CN107332618 A CN 107332618A CN 201710499241 A CN201710499241 A CN 201710499241A CN 107332618 A CN107332618 A CN 107332618A
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optical
base station
signal
wave beam
center base
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CN107332618B (en
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黄欢
张崇富
邱昆
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2589—Bidirectional transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
    • H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks
    • H04B10/25753—Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/5165—Carrier suppressed; Single sideband; Double sideband or vestigial
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/572—Wavelength control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the access communications system that a kind of 5G RoF center base stations control wave beam forming, effectively shorten the length of Radio Link by RoF technologies, and then realize application of the high band in access communications；Delay is introduced by optical fiber link and Line chirped fiber grating, wave beam forming and control is realized, greatly simplify the structure of point base station so that the complexity of system is all concentrated at center base station.

Description

A kind of 5G-RoF center base stations control the access communications system of wave beam forming
Technical field
The invention belongs to access communications technical field, more specifically, it is related to a kind of 5G-RoF center base stations controls ripple The access communications system of beam figuration.
Background technology
Counted according to world-technology, media and communication (GTMT) tissue, world's cellphone subscriber's quantity will be in the year two thousand twenty close to 76 Hundred million, that is to say, that then wireless device user number accounts for the proportion of global total population and is up to 99%.Access communications are deep Ground changes the life of people, but pursuit of the people to higher performance access communications never stopped.
All the time, researcher is to realize the speed of Gbit/s grades of air interface and effort, and research shows high Bit rate communication when, air interface can be greatly shortened, to maintain available power link to distribute.But current macrocell and The wireless channel of its relatively large distance can not support superelevation bit rate, in the case of given transimission power, wireless transmitting terminals and The distance of receiving terminal limits channel bit rate.IMT-2020 issues《5G concept white paper》In also indicate that, skill that 5G is wireless It will be built in terms of art and the technical system for core is being accessed with new multiple access, extensive antenna, super-intensive networking and entire spectrum On.Long-distance radio communication is by/scattered/path loss that reflection and distortion are caused because free space loss, shadow effect, folding Limit its systematic bits speed.Intensive WAP can shorten wireless channel, but consequently also bring how feedthrough is accessed The problem of point.
Although traditional point-to-point microwave link interconnection remote wireless access point is with quick arrangement and with low cost excellent Point, but due to the increase of WAP, accordingly bring the growth of BRAN scale and reduce point-to-point micro- Ripple link advantage.In addition, super-intensive networking is the technical way for meeting 2020 and following incoming data stream amount demand, pass through More the wireless network infrastructure deployment of " densification ", obtains higher frequency usage efficiency, so that in local hot spot areas Realize the power system capacity lifting of hundred times of magnitudes.And the WAP of 5G VHD is arranged so that traditional point-to-point microwave Link advantage is further reduced.One of the 5G wireless portion key technologies that IMT-2020 is mentioned entire spectrum is accessed, its primary study The key technical problem that high band is applied in access communications.High band extremely abundant bandwidth resources are that 5G systems are realized Gbit/s grades of communications, which are provided, to be ensured, but free space attenuation is a huge challenge in high band application.Cellular radio connects Enter communication for site deployment such as tunnel underground of some special areas etc., it is difficult to realize the communication service of high-quality.
In addition,《5G wireless technology framework white paper》In point out：Cell virtual technology includes the void of customer-centric Planization cellular technology, virtual level technology and soft sector technology.In order to realize the wave beam forming in mobile communication, really prolonged based on optics When scheme be suggested.J.J.Pan and Y.Shi et al., it is proposed that a kind of phase based on Bragg grating and wavelength-division multiplex Control array 1 system.Sebastien Blais et al., devise a kind of true delay wave beam based on Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber and assign Shape scheme.It will be appreciated, however, that these schemes are all really delayed based on the optics introduced at radio-frequency front-end, these can to penetrate Structure at frequency front end becomes complicated, and the control of wave beam has all concentrated on radio-frequency front-end, considerably increases the complexity of system Degree and control difficulty.
The content of the invention
Wave beam forming is controlled it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of 5G-RoF center base stations Access communications system, the mechanism that is really delayed of optics is introduced by optical fiber link, the control of wave beam forming is realized, makes up existing electricity The deficiency of domain wave beam forming and existing area of light beamforming scheme, and it is simple and easy to apply.
For achieving the above object, a kind of 5G-RoF center base stations of the invention control the access communications system of wave beam forming System, it is characterised in that including：Center base station CS and point base station BS of n customer-centric that one controls wave beam formingi, i =1,2 ..., n, and connection center base station and the n roads optical splitter for dividing base station；
Described center base station CS includes a K roads photo-coupler and K SMM module, wherein, each SMM modules are wrapped again A tunable laser and a Passive vibration device are included, Passive vibration device is arranged on the biography that tunable laser launches light Broadcast on path, radiofrequency signal Electro-optical Modulation is finally completed by SMM mechanism；
Radiofrequency signal to be sent is loaded on K Passive vibration device, the voltage changed by rf signal come Drive the vibration of Passive vibration device；Meanwhile, by K tunable laser output wavelength λjDifferent optical signals, j=1, 2 ..., K, when the lightray propagation of different wave length is on the reflection end face of corresponding Passive vibration device, pass through Passive vibration The vibration of device, reflects back into the resonator of tunable laser, is reflected back in the reflected light resonant cavity in resonator Light carries out interference resonance, and tunable laser output carries the optical signal of radiofrequency signal after stabilization, then passes through K roads optical coupling Device is by K roads optical signal coupled into optical fibres link, when optical fiber link introduces different K respectively to the optical signal of K different wave length Prolong, retransmit to n roads optical splitter；
Wherein, the optical carrier wavelength λ that K tunable laser passes through control outputj, and then control the direction of wave beam； Different wave length introduces different time delays in optical fiber link, and the difference that it is delayed is by formula：Δ τ=Δ λ DL, wherein, Δ λ is light wave Length is poor, and D is fiber dispersion coefficient, and L is optical fiber link length；The difference DELTA λ of wavelength can be changed by changing wavelength again, and then Reach the purpose of wave beam forming control；
Described n roads optical splitter is used to the center base station CS optical signals sent being divided into n roads, Zai Mei roads optical signal end An image intensifer and a linear chirp optical fiber grating are sequentially connected in series, first passing through image intensifer per road optical signal is amplified place Reason, then time delay fine setting is carried out by linear chirp optical fiber grating, recently enter to each point of base station BSi；
Described point base station BSiIncluding photo-detector, bandpass filter, discharge circuit and transmission antenna；Divide base station BSiConnect Receive after optical signal, the radiofrequency signal in optical signals is extracted by photo-detector, complete " light-radio frequency " demodulation, then will be each Road radiofrequency signal passes sequentially through bandpass filter and discharge circuit, completes filtering and enhanced processing, then by array antenna by K roads The wave beam forming of specific direction is pointed in the radiofrequency signal formation for introducing the different true time delays of optics, and is sent to user.
What the goal of the invention of the present invention was realized in：
A kind of 5G-RoF center base stations of the present invention control the access communications system of wave beam forming, are effectively contracted by RoF technologies The length of short Radio Link, and then realize application of the high band in access communications；Pass through optical fiber link and linear chrip light Grid introduce delay, realize wave beam forming and control, greatly simplify the structure of point base station so that the complexity of system all collects In at center base station.
Meanwhile, a kind of access communications system of 5G-RoF center base stations control wave beam forming of the invention also has following beneficial Effect：
(1), by using RoF technologies, the length of Radio Link is effectively shortened so that the full range of wireless communication system Spectrum access is possibly realized；
(2), a kind of electrooptical modulation method based on Passive vibration device, the modulation principle based on feedback interference, profit are provided The light carrier modulated process of electric signal is completed with Passive vibration device；
(3) existing electrical domain phase shift is different from, for light carrier radio communication system, ripple is realized based on the true time delay phased array of optics Beam shaping is and its easy, without carrying out extra electric light/opto-electronic conversion.
(4) velocity of wave shaping, is completed by optical fiber link and linearly chirped fiber and controlled, with existing true delay scheme Realize that beam forming is different in radio-frequency front-end using fiber delay line, be greatly reduced the volume and complexity of radio-frequency front-end.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the access communications system architecture diagram that a kind of 5G-RoF center base stations of the invention control wave beam forming；
Fig. 2 is Uplink/Downlink schematic diagram in system shown in Figure 1；
Fig. 3 is the approximate framework of downlink in framework shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the approximate framework of up-link in framework shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the realization principle of wave beam forming of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to those skilled in the art preferably Understand the present invention.Requiring particular attention is that, in the following description, when known function and design detailed description perhaps When can desalinate the main contents of the present invention, these descriptions will be ignored herein.
Embodiment
Describe, the relevant speciality term occurred in embodiment is illustrated for convenience first：
RoF(Radio-over-Fiber)：Light-carried wireless；
SMM(Self-Mixing Modulation):Self feed back is modulated；
MZM(Mach-Zehnder Modulator):Mach-Zehnder modulator；
CS(Central Base Station):Center base station；
BS(Based-station)：Divide base station；
BPF(Band-Pass Filter):Bandpass filter.
Fig. 1 is the access communications system architecture diagram that a kind of 5G-RoF center base stations of the invention control wave beam forming.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, in SMM-RoF C/U faces decoupling 5G networks, realizing that 5G communication systems are complete Effective utilization of frequency range frequency spectrum resource.SMM-5G-RoF communication systems are based on C/U faces and decoupled to constitute, and by optical fiber and are wirelessly transferred Link completes the framework of Uplink/Downlink, realizes that the cloud network virtualized by network function is controlled and remote using the true time delay of optics The phased array beam shaping control of end unit, lifting system communication performance realizes reliable information transfer.Turn for RoF electric light Change, realize that radio frequency has essential distinction to light based on Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulator with tradition, intend using new SMM signal transactings Technology, effectively reduces cost and energy consumption, and its easy realizes Electro-optical Modulation.
Wherein, the framework of Uplink/Downlink is as shown in Fig. 2 mainly include three parts：(a) center base station CS；(b) base Stand BS；(c) mobile terminal；Wherein, the operating process for three parts of downlink in Fig. 2 is as shown in Figure 3；For in Fig. 2 The operating process of three parts of up-link is as shown in Figure 4.
In the present invention, wave beam forming is the change optical wavelength at center base station, and then due to optical fiber link and linear Zhou Optical fiber of singing is collectively incorporated into optics and is really delayed τi,j(wherein, i is i-th of base station, and j is j-th of light carrier) realizes that its principle is such as Shown in Fig. 5.
The access communications system of wave beam forming is controlled to be described in detail a kind of 5G-RoF center base stations of the invention below, Specifically include：Center base station CS and point base station BS of n customer-centric that one controls wave beam formingi, i=1,2 ..., N, and connection center base station and the n roads optical splitter for dividing base station；
Center base station CS includes a K roads photo-coupler and K SMM module, wherein, each SMM modules include one again Tunable laser and a Passive vibration device, and Passive vibration device is arranged on the propagation road that tunable laser launches light On footpath, and at 10~50cm of optical output port of tunable laser；
Center base station CS is modulated with base band data to radio-frequency carrier, is completed " base band-radio frequency " modulation, first, will be treated The radiofrequency signal of transmission is loaded on K Passive vibration device, and the voltage changed by rf signal drives Passive vibration The vibration of device；Meanwhile, K tunable laser output wavelength λiDifferent optical signal, i=1,2 ..., K, works as different wave length Lightray propagation on the reflection end face of corresponding Passive vibration device when, by the vibration of Passive vibration device, be reflected back Into the resonator of tunable laser, the light being reflected back in the reflected light resonant cavity in resonator carries out interference resonance, when Tunable laser output carries the optical signal of radiofrequency signal after stable, so as to complete " radio frequency --- K roads light modulation "；Lead to again K roads photo-coupler is crossed by K roads optical signal coupled into optical fibres link, optical fiber link is introduced respectively to the optical signal of K different wave length K different time delays, is retransmited to n roads optical splitter；
Wherein, the power output of tunable laser is：
Wherein, P0The power output of tunable laser when representing unmodulated, m is the index of modulation,Table Show phase modulation, k is wave vector；
N roads optical splitter is used to the center base station CS optical signals sent being divided into n roads, and Zai Mei roads optical signal end is gone here and there successively Join an image intensifer and a linear chirp optical fiber grating, first passing through image intensifer per road optical signal is amplified processing, then Time delay fine setting is carried out to the optical signal of different wave length by linear chirp optical fiber grating, recently entered to each point of base station BSi；
Divide base station BSiIncluding photo-detector, bandpass filter, discharge circuit and array antenna；Divide base station BSiReceive light After signal, the radiofrequency signal in optical signals is extracted by photo-detector, " light-radio frequency " demodulation is completed, then will be per radio frequency all the way Signal passes sequentially through bandpass filter and discharge circuit, completes filtering and enhanced processing, then enter K pass not by array antenna The wave beam forming of specific direction is pointed in radiofrequency signal formation with the true time delay of optics, and is sent to user；
Wherein, the light letter for the K roads different wave length that the control of wave beam forming is exported by center base station by tunable laser Number and n base station BSiLocate different linear chirp optical fiber gratings to complete jointly.
Specifically, the optical carrier wavelength λ that K tunable laser passes through control outputj, and then control the direction of wave beam； Different wave length introduces different time delays in optical fiber link, and the difference that it is delayed is by formula：Δ τ=Δ λ DL, wherein, Δ λ is light Wavelength difference, D is fiber dispersion coefficient, and L is optical fiber link length；The difference DELTA λ of wavelength can be changed by changing wavelength again, entered And reach the purpose of wave beam forming control；Finally, array antenna refers to the radiofrequency signal formation that K pass enters the different true time delays of optics To the wave beam forming of specific direction.
Wherein, it is per the true time delay of optics of road radiofrequency signal：τi,j=τj+τ'i,j；
Wherein, τi,jFor the true time delay of optics of j-th of light carrier of the i-th tunnel radiofrequency signal, τjIt is optical fiber link to j-th The time delay that optical carrier is introduced；τ'i,jTime delay fine setting is carried out to j-th of light carrier of the i-th road signal for linear chirp optical fiber grating The time delay of introducing.
Below K pass is entered the radiofrequency signal of the different true time delays of optics and then formed to point to specific direction by array antenna The process of wave beam forming is illustrated：
If the spacing of array antenna is d, the electric-field intensity that jth (j=1,2 ..., K) individual antenna element is produced in far field For：
Wherein IjFor the exciting current of j-th of antenna element, fjFor antenna element directional diagram, KjFor proportionality constant, then resultant field Strong E can be turned to, λelcFor the wavelength of radiofrequency signal at antenna：
Wherein, Δ φβIt is its size of phase difference always prolonging by optical fiber link and linear chirp optical fiber grating between antenna element When τi,jDetermine,θ is that the maximum gain of antenna beam is pointed to, it is assumed thatRepresent adjacent Antenna element is received and come fromThe phase difference of direction signal, then have：
Wherein, X=Δs φ-Δ φβ, the amplitude directivity function of linear array can be obtained and be by taking absolute value：
Change the phase difference φ between adjacent antenna units by the true time-delayed manner of opticsβ, and then change antenna beam Maximum gain direction, realize wave beam forming；
Although illustrative embodiment of the invention is described above, in order to the technology of the art Personnel understand the present invention, it should be apparent that the invention is not restricted to the scope of embodiment, to the common skill of the art For art personnel, as long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claim is limited and is determined, these Change is it will be apparent that all utilize the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the row of protection.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of 5G-RoF center base stations control the access communications system of wave beam forming, it is characterised in that including：One controls ripple The center base station CS of beam figuration and point base station BS of n customer-centrici, i=1,2 ..., n, and connection center base station and Divide the n roads optical splitter of base station；
Described center base station CS includes a K roads photo-coupler and K SMM module, wherein, each SMM modules include one again Individual tunable laser and a Passive vibration device, Passive vibration device are arranged on the propagation road that tunable laser launches light On footpath, radiofrequency signal Electro-optical Modulation is finally completed by SMM mechanism；
Radiofrequency signal to be sent is loaded on K Passive vibration device, the voltage changed by rf signal come Drive the vibration of Passive vibration device；Meanwhile, by K tunable laser output wavelength λjDifferent optical signals, j=1, 2 ..., K, when the lightray propagation of different wave length is on the reflection end face of corresponding Passive vibration device, pass through Passive vibration The vibration of device, reflects back into the resonator of tunable laser, is reflected back in the reflected light resonant cavity in resonator Light carries out interference resonance, and tunable laser output carries the optical signal of radiofrequency signal after stabilization, then passes through K roads optical coupling Device is by K roads optical signal coupled into optical fibres link, when optical fiber link introduces different K respectively to the optical signal of K different wave length Prolong, retransmit to n roads optical splitter；
Wherein, the optical carrier wavelength λ that K tunable laser passes through control outputj, and then control the direction of wave beam；In optical fiber chain Different wave length introduces different time delays in road, and the difference that it is delayed is by formula：Δ τ=Δ λ DL, wherein, Δ λ is that optical wavelength is poor, D For fiber dispersion coefficient, L is optical fiber link length；The difference DELTA λ of wavelength can be changed by changing wavelength again, and then reach ripple The purpose of beam figuration control；
Described n roads optical splitter is used to the center base station CS optical signals sent being divided into n roads, and Zai Mei roads optical signal end is successively One image intensifer of series connection and a linear chirp optical fiber grating, first pass through image intensifer per road light number and are amplified processing, then Time delay fine setting is carried out by linear chirp optical fiber grating, is recently entered to each point of base station BSi；
Described point base station BSiIncluding photo-detector, bandpass filter, discharge circuit and transmission antenna；Divide base station BSiReceive After optical signal, the radiofrequency signal in optical signals is extracted by photo-detector, " light-radio frequency " demodulation is completed, then every will penetrate all the way Frequency signal passes sequentially through bandpass filter and discharge circuit, completes filtering and enhanced processing, then enter K pass by array antenna The wave beam forming of specific direction is pointed in the radiofrequency signal formation of the different true time delays of optics, and is sent to user.
2. 5G-RoF center base stations according to claim 1 control the access communications system of wave beam forming, it is characterised in that Described Passive vibration device is arranged at 10~50cm of optical output port of tunable laser.
3. 5G-RoF center base stations according to claim 1 control the access communications system of wave beam forming, it is characterised in that The true time delay of optics of described radiofrequency signal is：τi,j=τj+τ′i,j；
Wherein, τi,jFor the true time delay of optics of j-th of light carrier of the i-th tunnel radiofrequency signal, τjIt is optical fiber link to j-th of light carrier The time delay that signal is introduced；τ′i,jCarry out what time delay fine setting was introduced to j-th of light carrier of the i-th road signal for linear chirp optical fiber grating Time delay.
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