CN107328369A - Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor - Google Patents

Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107328369A
CN107328369A CN201710481209.8A CN201710481209A CN107328369A CN 107328369 A CN107328369 A CN 107328369A CN 201710481209 A CN201710481209 A CN 201710481209A CN 107328369 A CN107328369 A CN 107328369A
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compensation section
fixed part
fiber
fixedly connected
compensation
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CN201710481209.8A
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Inventor
赵维刚
许红彬
李峰
杜彦良
孙宝臣
张少鹏
郑晨晨
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Shijiazhuang Tiedao University
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Shijiazhuang Tiedao University
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Priority to CN201710481209.8A priority Critical patent/CN107328369A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G01B11/18Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D3/00Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
    • G01D3/028Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure
    • G01D3/036Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups mitigating undesired influences, e.g. temperature, pressure on measuring arrangements themselves

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, it is related to strain transducer field of measuring technique.Including optical fiber and matrix, matrix includes the fixed part for being fixedly connected with measured piece and the compensation section for temperature-compensating, fixed part includes left fixed part and right fixed part, compensation section includes left compensation section and right compensation section, the left end of left compensation section is fixedly connected on left fixed part, the right-hand member of right compensation section is fixedly connected on right fixed part, optical fiber is fixed on the upside of left compensation section and right compensation section, fiber grating is inscribed on optical fiber, fiber grating is located between left compensation section right-hand member and right compensation section left end, the right-hand member of left compensation section and the left end of right compensation section are provided with gap, gap length is more than or equal to fiber grating length.This apparatus structure is simple, can not only eliminate influence of the temperature to strain measurement but also can also increase the sensitivity coefficient of sensor.

Description

Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to strain transducer field of measuring technique, more particularly to a kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor.
Background technology
With the development and the enhancing of awareness of safety of society, structural health prison is more and more paid attention to, monitoring measurement The requirement of precision is also increased therewith, but current strain transducer is increasingly difficult to meet the demand of high precision monitor measurement.
Optical fiber sensing technology, especially Fiber Grating Sensors Technology have sensitivity height, electromagnetism interference, easily multiplexing with And it is corrosion-resistant the advantages of, increasingly favored by monitoring structural health conditions industry.But current fiber grating sensing technology by Demodulation techniques and the restriction of sensing characteristics itself, its Sensor monitoring measurement accuracy are in microstrain magnitude, and sensitivity is about 1.2pm/με.Further, since fiber grating thermally sensitive characteristic, its measurement accuracy in itself is also done by temperature change Disturb, therefore, carrying out temperature self-compensation to fiber-optic grating sensor seems very necessary.
Conventional temperature self-compensation mode is to set reference optical fiber grating at present, and although this mode eliminates the dry of temperature Disturb, but in the case that fiber-optic grating sensor is largely multiplexed, substantial amounts of reference optical fiber grating occupies substantial amounts of demodulation passage, Demodulation resource is wasted, monitoring structural health conditions cost is added.Although some fiber-optic grating sensors are in only one of which optical fiber light Temperature self-compensation is realized in the case of grid, but its sensor is complicated in itself, is unfavorable for popularization and application.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to be passed for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided a kind of fiber grating strain Sensor, this apparatus structure is simple, can not only eliminate influence of the temperature to strain measurement but also can also increase the sensitivity of sensor Coefficient.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is:A kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, bag Optical fiber and matrix are included, matrix includes the fixed part for being fixedly connected with measured piece and the compensation section for temperature-compensating, fixed part Including left fixed part and right fixed part, compensation section includes left compensation section and right compensation section, and the left end of left compensation section is fixedly connected on Left fixed part, the right-hand member of right compensation section is fixedly connected on right fixed part, and optical fiber is fixed on the upside of left compensation section and right compensation section, Fiber grating is inscribed on optical fiber, fiber grating is located between left compensation section right-hand member and right compensation section left end, the right-hand member of left compensation section Gap is provided with the left end of right compensation section, gap length is more than or equal to fiber grating length.
Further, in addition to connecting portion, left kink and right kink, left fixed part and right fixed part pass through connecting portion Connection, one end of left kink is fixedly connected on left fixed part, the other end and is fixedly connected on left compensation section, one end of right kink It is fixedly connected on the right-hand member that right fixed part, the other end are fixedly connected on right compensation section, the upper side and right compensation section of left compensation section Upper side be in same plane, tested surface of the plane parallel to measured piece.
Further, left kink is respectively perpendicular to left fixed part and left compensation section, and right kink is respectively perpendicular to right solid Determine portion and right compensation section.
Further, fixed part can be fixed on measured piece by bolt, stickup or welding manner.
Further, compensation section is the metallic article with effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold.
Further, fiber grating is fixed on matrix by viscose or soldering.
It is using the beneficial effect produced by above-mentioned technical proposal:The matrix of the present invention includes fixed part and compensation section, Compensation section is provided with free end, and optical fiber is fixed on the upside of compensation section, and fiber grating is between a pair of free end of compensation section, freely Spacing between end is more than fiber grating length.When the temperature increases, the compensation section of matrix is raised and expanded with temperature, compensation section Free end between fiber grating compressed therewith, fiber grating is caused by by compression caused by wavelength shift and temperature The wavelength shift of fiber grating is equal, realizes the temperature-compensating of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to this.Structure of the present invention Simply, temperature self-compensation function can be realized in the case of only one fiber grating, measurement accuracy is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation one of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation two of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the size indication schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:1st, optical fiber;11st, fiber grating;21st, fixed part;211st, left fixed part;212nd, right fixed part;22nd, compensate Portion;221st, left compensation section;222nd, right compensation section;23rd, connecting portion;241st, left kink;242nd, right kink.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in figure 1, be a kind of one embodiment of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor of the invention, including optical fiber 1 and matrix, Matrix includes the fixed part 21 for being fixedly connected with measured piece and the compensation section 22 for temperature-compensating, and fixed part 21 includes left solid Determine portion 211 and right fixed part 212, compensation section 22 includes left compensation section 221 and right compensation section 222, and the left end of left compensation section 221 is consolidated Surely left fixed part 211 is connected to, the right-hand member of right compensation section 222 is fixedly connected on right fixed part 212, and optical fiber 1 is fixed on left compensation Fiber grating 11 is inscribed on portion 221 and the upside of right compensation section 222, optical fiber 1, fiber grating 11 is located at the left right-hand member of compensation section 221 Between the right left end of compensation section 222, the right-hand member of left compensation section 221 and the left end of right compensation section 222 are provided with gap, and gap length is big In equal to the length of fiber grating 11.
The matrix of the present invention includes fixed part 21 and compensation section 22, and compensation section 22 is provided with free end, and optical fiber 1 is fixed on compensation The upside of portion 22, fiber grating 11 is between a pair of free end of compensation section 22, and the spacing between free end is more than fiber grating 11 length.When the temperature increases, the compensation section 22 of matrix is raised and expanded with temperature, the optical fiber between the free end of compensation section 22 Grating 11 is compressed therewith, the ripple of fiber grating 11 wavelength shift and fiber grating 11 caused by temperature caused by by compression Long drift value is equal, realizes the temperature-compensating of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to this.Above-mentioned has temperature self-compensation work( The fiber Bragg grating strain sensor of energy is fixed on after measured piece by fixed part, when measured piece deforms, whole optical fiber The deformation that grating sensor Body regions inner sense is subject to can be converged between the free end of compensation section 22 of matrix, therefore, fixed The strain of fiber grating 11 between the free end of compensation section 22 of matrix can be much larger than the actual strain of measured piece, fiber grating Strain transducer can realize the once quick function of strain measurement.The present invention is simple in construction, can be in only one fiber grating In the case of realize temperature self-compensation function, measurement accuracy is high.
As shown in Fig. 2 also including connecting portion 23, left kink 241 and right kink 242, left fixed part 211 and right fixation Portion 212 is connected by connecting portion 23, and one end of left kink 241 is fixedly connected on left fixed part 211, the other end and is fixedly connected on Left compensation section 221, one end of right kink 242 is fixedly connected on right fixed part 212, the other end and is fixedly connected on right compensation section 222 right-hand member, the upper side of left compensation section 221 and the upper side of right compensation section 222 are in same plane, and plane is parallel to tested The tested surface of part.The left fixed part 211 and right fixed part 212 of matrix both sides can also be connected as one formula by connecting portion 23 The connected mode of matrix, left fixed part 211 and right fixed part 212 and measured piece can be solid by modes such as bolt, viscose or welding It is scheduled on measured piece, when measured piece is strained, with measured piece stretching or compression strain, left compensation occur simultaneously for two fixing points Portion and right compensation section are also influenced by temperature, left compensation section and right compensation section are by temperature while by measured piece deformation effect Influence is expanded with heat and contract with cold, and the fiber grating being fixed on the upside of compensation section is simultaneously corresponding to be occurred compression or stretch, fiber grating Itself it can also be influenceed by temperature.When the temperature varies, wavelength change caused by temperature on fiber grating can be with compensation Fiber grating wavelength change caused by by compression or stretching in portion free end is cancelled out each other, so that the overall wavelength drift of fiber grating Measured piece strain deformation amount is shown in shifting amount, temperature independent, realizes that temperature is self-complementary using a fiber grating so as to realize The strain measurement repaid.The above-mentioned fiber Bragg grating strain sensor with temperature self-compensation function is fixed on tested by fixed part After part, when measured piece deforms, the deformation that whole fiber-optic grating sensor Body regions inner sense is subject to can converge in base Between the free end of the compensation section 22 of body, therefore, the fiber grating 11 being fixed between the free end of compensation section 22 of matrix should The actual strain of measured piece can be much larger than by becoming, and fiber Bragg grating strain sensor can realize the once quick function of strain measurement, structure Simply, measurement accuracy is high.
As shown in Figure 2, it is preferable that left kink 241 is respectively perpendicular to left fixed part 211 and left compensation section 221, right bending Portion 242 is respectively perpendicular to right fixed part 212 and right compensation section 222.Ensure the upper side of left compensation section 221 and right compensation section 222 Parallel at measured piece fixing base place plane, it is ensured that measurement accuracy.
Fixed part 21 can be fixed on measured piece by bolt, stickup or welding manner.
Compensation section 22 is the metallic article with effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold.Can be using aluminium alloy, stainless steel or steel alloy etc..
Fiber grating 1 is fixed on matrix by viscose or soldering.
Inventive sensor includes:Matrix and optical fiber 1.Matrix includes the compensation for being used to install optical fiber 1 and temperature self-compensation Portion 22 and the fixed part 21 for being fixedly connected with measured piece, compensation section 22 have effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold, and optical fiber 1 is arranged on matrix The upside of a pair of compensation section 22, inscribe fiber grating 11 on optical fiber 1, fiber grating 11 is located at left compensation section right-hand member and right compensation Between portion's left end, this requires the gap between the free end of this pair of compensation section 22 to be more than the length of fiber grating 11.
The back wave wavelength versus temperature of fiber grating is simultaneously sensitive with strain, i.e., temperature can cause optical fiber light simultaneously with strain There is following relation in the drift of grid back wave centre wavelength, drift and the temperature and strain of fiber grating back wave centre wavelength:
ΔλBB(1-Pe)ε+λB(α+ξ)ΔT (1)
In formula, Δ λBIt is the centre wavelength of fiber grating, P for the drift value of fiber bragg grating center wavelengtheFor valid round light Coefficient, ε is the strain of fiber grating, and α is the coefficient of expansion of fiber optic materials, and ξ is thermo-optical coeffecient.
When the temperature increases, a pair of compensation section of matrix is raised and expanded with temperature, the freedom of this pair of compensation section Fiber grating between end is compressed therewith, and fiber grating fiber grating caused by the strain stress occurred by compression is produced The wavelength shift of wavelength shift and fiber grating caused by temperature is equal in magnitude in opposite direction, at this in this case, light The drift value Δ λ of fine raster center wavelengthBFor 0, that is, the influence of temperature on fiber grating strain transducer is eliminated, light is realized The temperature-compensating of fiber grating strain transducer.
As shown in figure 3, set fiber Bragg grating strain sensor covering length as L, between the free end of a pair of compensation section Gap be l, this couple for temperature self-compensation compensation section length be L-l, if the thermal coefficient of expansion of compensation section be ρ, When temperature raises Δ T, the swell increment Δ l of this pair of compensation section is:
Δ l=Δ T ρ (L-l) (2)
The strain of fiber grating caused by the swell increment is:
As Δ λBFor 0 when, can be obtained by formula (1)~formula (3):
Therefore, as long as l and L relation meets formula (4), you can realize the temperature self-compensation of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor.
When measured object deforms, the deformation that whole fiber-optic grating sensor Body regions inner sense is subject to can converge in base Between a pair of compensation section of body, therefore, the strain for the fiber grating being fixed on the upside of compensation section can be much larger than the reality of measured object Border is strained, therefore the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor can realize the once quick function of strain measurement.Specific once quick effect is as follows:
Because the rigidity between a pair of temperature compensation division 22 of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is far smaller than the other portions of matrix The rigidity of position, therefore, the deformation of sensor base institute overlay area can be come together between a pair of temperature compensation division 22, i.e.,:
△ L '=△ l ' (5)
Wherein, the deflection for the matrix that △ L ' are, △ l ' are the gap between a pair of free end of a length of l compensation section Deflection
From the mechanics of materials
Wherein:εLFor the strain of measured piece, εlFor the strain in the gap between a pair of free end of compensation section.
In this sensor, grating is arranged between a pair of free end of compensation section, strain stresslCaused fiber grating Wavelength shift is:
Δ λ=λ (1-pel (8)
Wherein, the fiber bragg grating center wavelength drift value that △ λ come for strain institute leader tape, PeIt is right for optical fiber photoelastic constant In quartz single mode fiber, Pe=0.22.
There is the sensitivity of the once quick type fiber Bragg grating strain sensor of temperature self-compensation function to be for this:
Assuming that sensor base length is n with sensitizing range length ratio:
From formula (6)~formula (10)
S=n λ (1-pe) (11)
When using conventional centre wavelength for 1550nm fiber gratings, by Pe=0.22, which substitutes into formula (11), obtains:S= 1.2npm/με。
Therefore, there should be the once quick type fiber Bragg grating strain sensor of temperature self-compensation function with temperature self-compensation Functionally there is n times of ga(u)ge factor once quick function.
Beneficial effect:The matrix of the present invention includes fixed part and compensation section, and compensation section is provided with free end, and optical fiber is fixed on benefit Repay on the upside of portion, and fiber grating is located between the free end of a pair of compensation section, the spacing between free end is more than fiber grating Length.When the temperature increases, the compensation section of matrix is raised and expanded with temperature, the fiber grating between the free end of compensation section Compressed therewith, the wavelength shift phase of fiber grating wavelength shift and fiber grating caused by temperature caused by by compression Deng realizing the temperature-compensating of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to this.The above-mentioned optical fiber light with temperature self-compensation function Grid strain transducer is fixed on after measured piece by fixed part, when measured piece deforms, whole fiber-optic grating sensor Between the free end for the compensation section that the deformation that Body regions inner sense is subject to can converge in matrix, therefore, the compensation of matrix is fixed on The strain of fiber grating between portion free end can be much larger than the actual strain of measured piece, and fiber Bragg grating strain sensor can be real The once quick function of existing strain measurement.The present invention is simple in construction, can realize temperature certainly in the case of only one fiber grating Compensation function, measurement accuracy is high.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, it is characterised in that including optical fiber(1)And matrix, described matrix is including being used for admittedly Surely the fixed part of measured piece is connected(21)With the compensation section for temperature-compensating(22), the fixed part(21)Including left fixed part (211)With right fixed part(212), the compensation section(22)Including left compensation section(221)With right compensation section(222), the left benefit Repay portion(221)Left end be fixedly connected on the left fixed part(211), the right compensation section(222)Right-hand member be fixedly connected on The right fixed part(212), the optical fiber(1)It is fixed on the left compensation section(221)With the right compensation section(222)It is upper Side, the optical fiber(1)Upper inscription fiber grating(11), the fiber grating(11)Located at the left compensation section(221)Right-hand member and The right compensation section(222)Between left end, the left compensation section(221)Right-hand member and the right compensation section(222)Left end set There is gap, gap length is more than or equal to the fiber grating(11)Length.
2. fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include connecting portion(23), it is left curved Folding part(241)And right kink(242), the left fixed part(211)With the right fixed part(212)Pass through connecting portion(23)Even Connect, the left kink(241)One end be fixedly connected on the left fixed part(211), the other end be fixedly connected on the left side Compensation section(221), the right kink(242)One end be fixedly connected on the right fixed part(212), the other end is fixedly connected In the right compensation section(222)Right-hand member, the left compensation section(221)Upper side and the right compensation section(222)Upside Face is in same plane, tested surface of the plane parallel to measured piece.
3. fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The left kink(241)Respectively Perpendicular to the left fixed part(211)With the left compensation section(221), the right kink(242)It is respectively perpendicular to the right side Fixed part(212)With the right compensation section(222).
4. fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The fixed part(21)Spiral shell can be passed through Bolt, stickup or welding manner are fixed on measured piece.
5. fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The compensation section(22)For with heat The metallic article of swollen shrinkage effect.
6. fiber Bragg grating strain sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The optical fiber(1)By viscose or Soldering is fixed in described matrix.
CN201710481209.8A 2017-06-22 2017-06-22 Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor Pending CN107328369A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111310389A (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-19 石家庄铁道大学 Photoacoustic cell temperature compensation method and system based on FA optimized RBF
CN113532724A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-10-22 中国核动力研究设计院 High-temperature and high-pressure resistant optical fiber force sensor
CN114295070A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 澳门大学 Long-gauge fiber grating strain sensor
CN114413947A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-04-29 无锡智泰柯云传感科技有限公司 Fiber grating sensor capable of realizing temperature self-compensation
CN116067298A (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-05-05 山东省科学院激光研究所 Optical fiber strain sensor structure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101140160A (en) * 2007-10-19 2008-03-12 大连理工大学 Encapsulation method for optical fibre grating add-and-subtract quick strain sensor
CN104111032A (en) * 2014-07-23 2014-10-22 北京航空航天大学 Fiber bragg grating sensor network based large-scale structure body deformation measurement method
CN105333833A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-02-17 北京航空航天大学 Temperature-independent fiber bragg grating strain sensor
CN106524937A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-03-22 北京邮电大学 Fiber bragg grating strain device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101140160A (en) * 2007-10-19 2008-03-12 大连理工大学 Encapsulation method for optical fibre grating add-and-subtract quick strain sensor
CN104111032A (en) * 2014-07-23 2014-10-22 北京航空航天大学 Fiber bragg grating sensor network based large-scale structure body deformation measurement method
CN105333833A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-02-17 北京航空航天大学 Temperature-independent fiber bragg grating strain sensor
CN106524937A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-03-22 北京邮电大学 Fiber bragg grating strain device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111310389A (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-06-19 石家庄铁道大学 Photoacoustic cell temperature compensation method and system based on FA optimized RBF
CN113532724A (en) * 2021-08-26 2021-10-22 中国核动力研究设计院 High-temperature and high-pressure resistant optical fiber force sensor
CN113532724B (en) * 2021-08-26 2023-08-18 中国核动力研究设计院 High-temperature-resistant high-pressure optical fiber sensor
CN114295070A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 澳门大学 Long-gauge fiber grating strain sensor
CN114413947A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-04-29 无锡智泰柯云传感科技有限公司 Fiber grating sensor capable of realizing temperature self-compensation
CN114413947B (en) * 2022-01-25 2024-01-30 无锡智泰柯云传感科技有限公司 Fiber bragg grating sensor capable of realizing temperature self-compensation
CN116067298A (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-05-05 山东省科学院激光研究所 Optical fiber strain sensor structure
CN116067298B (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-06-09 山东省科学院激光研究所 Optical fiber strain sensor structure

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