CN107328144B - Evaporator and method for controlling dryness in pipe thereof - Google Patents

Evaporator and method for controlling dryness in pipe thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107328144B
CN107328144B CN201710720251.0A CN201710720251A CN107328144B CN 107328144 B CN107328144 B CN 107328144B CN 201710720251 A CN201710720251 A CN 201710720251A CN 107328144 B CN107328144 B CN 107328144B
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header
dryness
evaporator
working medium
downstream
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CN107328144A (en
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陈健勇
丁榕
李云海
陈颖
罗向龙
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Guangdong University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02Evaporators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an evaporator, which comprises a heat exchange tube, a first header and a second header, wherein the first header and the second header are respectively arranged on two sides of the heat exchange tube, an inlet guide tube and an outlet guide tube are arranged on the evaporator, clapboards are respectively arranged in the first header and the second header along the direction vertical to the axis of the heat exchange tube, the clapboards on any first header are mutually staggered with the clapboards on the second header, the clapboards divide the evaporator into a serpentine passage, a connecting pipeline is also arranged on the first header and/or the second header, the connecting pipeline comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the upstream of the serpentine passage, the second end is connected to the downstream of the serpentine passage, at least one clapboard is arranged between the first end and the second end at intervals, a pressure supply device is further arranged on the connecting pipeline, and dryness detection devices for detecting the dryness of a working medium are respectively arranged on the upstream of the serpentine passage and the downstream of the serpentine passage. The invention also discloses a method for controlling the dryness in the tube of the evaporator.

Description

Evaporator and method for controlling dryness in pipe thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to an evaporator and a method for controlling dryness in a pipe of the evaporator.
Background
With the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard of people, the air conditioning industry is rapidly developed, but the energy consumption of the air conditioner is increased year by year. For a complete refrigerating system, the evaporator is one of the important components, and the performance of the evaporator is good or bad, which directly affects the performance of the whole refrigerating system. Experiments prove that on the premise that the mass flow of the working medium of the cooling loop in the evaporator is constant, the heat exchange coefficient of the working medium changes along with the change of the dryness of the working medium, the dryness of the working medium is different, the heat exchange coefficient is different, the heat absorbed in unit time is also different, and therefore the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is different.
The existing evaporator generally comprises a heat exchange pipe and a header, a working medium enters from an inlet conduit, and directly flows out from an outlet conduit after heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchange pipe arranged in the evaporator, so that heat exchange of the evaporator is realized, but in the flowing process of the working medium, dryness of the working medium cannot be effectively controlled, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator with the structure is low, and the satisfaction of customers is reduced.
Therefore, how to provide an evaporator to effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency and thus the customer satisfaction is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an evaporator, which effectively improves heat exchange efficiency, thereby improving customer satisfaction.
The invention also aims to provide a method for controlling the dryness in the tube of the evaporator.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an evaporator, includes the heat exchange tube, and sets up respectively first header and the second header of heat exchange tube both sides, be provided with inlet pipe and export pipe on the evaporator, first header with the second header is inside along with the axis vertically direction of heat exchange tube still is provided with the baffle respectively, arbitrary one on the first header the baffle all with on the second header the baffle staggers each other, just the baffle will the evaporator is separated for snakelike passageway first header and/or still be provided with connecting tube on the second header, connecting tube includes first end and second end, just first end is connected snakelike passageway's upper reaches, the second end is connected snakelike passageway's low reaches, first end with at least the interval has one between the second end the baffle, still be provided with pressure feed arrangement on the connecting tube, working medium's upper reaches with snakelike passageway's low reaches still are provided with the quality detection device who is used for detecting the quality respectively.
Preferably, the first end and the inlet duct may communicate directly through the header on the same side.
Preferably, the inlet duct and the outlet duct are provided on the same side of the evaporator, or the inlet duct and the outlet duct are provided on both sides of the evaporator.
Preferably, the connecting pipeline comprises a first connecting pipeline and a second connecting pipeline which are the same, two ends of the first connecting pipeline are respectively arranged on the first header, and two ends of the second connecting pipeline are respectively arranged on the second header.
Preferably, when the inlet conduit and the outlet conduit are arranged on the same side of the evaporator, the connecting pipeline comprises a first connecting pipeline and a second connecting pipeline, two ends of the first connecting pipeline are respectively communicated with the inlet conduit and the first header, and two ends of the second connecting pipeline are respectively communicated with the second header.
Preferably, when the inlet duct and the outlet duct are disposed on the same side of the evaporator, the connection pipeline includes a first connection pipeline and a second connection pipeline, two ends of the first connection pipeline are respectively communicated with the inlet duct and the first header, and the second connection pipeline is communicated with the second header and the outlet duct.
Preferably, the pressure supply device is a hydraulic pump or a check valve.
A method for controlling dryness in a pipe of an evaporator as described above, comprising:
detecting the dryness of the working medium at the upstream of the snake-shaped passage, and controlling the pressure supply device to be opened when the dryness of the working medium is lower than a preset dryness value so as to convey the working medium at the downstream of the snake-shaped passage to the upstream of the snake-shaped passage;
and detecting the dryness of the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, and controlling the pressure supply device to be opened when the dryness of the working medium is higher than a preset dryness value, so that the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage is conveyed to the downstream of the serpentine passage.
Preferably, the method further comprises controlling the pressure supply device to be closed when the dryness of the working medium is a preset dryness value.
Preferably, the preset dryness value is between 0.4 and 0.8.
According to the technical scheme, the evaporator disclosed by the embodiment of the invention comprises a heat exchange tube, and a first header and a second header which are respectively arranged at two sides of the heat exchange tube, wherein an inlet guide tube and an outlet guide tube are arranged on the evaporator, clapboards are respectively arranged in the first header and the second header along the direction vertical to the axis of the heat exchange tube, the clapboards on any first header are mutually staggered with the clapboards on the second header, the clapboards divide the evaporator into a serpentine channel, a connecting pipeline is also arranged on the first header and/or the second header, the connecting pipeline comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is connected with the upstream of the serpentine channel, the second end is connected with the downstream of the serpentine channel, at least one clapboard is arranged between the first end and the second end at intervals, a pressure supply device is further arranged on the connecting pipeline, and dryness detection devices for detecting the dryness of a working medium are further respectively arranged on the upstream of the serpentine channel and the downstream of the serpentine channel.
The dryness detection device detects the dryness of the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine channel, and when the dryness of the working medium at the upstream is lower than a preset dryness value, the controller controls the pressure supply device 9 to be started so that the high-dryness working medium at the downstream of the serpentine channel is conveyed to the upstream of the serpentine channel and is mixed with the low-dryness working medium at the upstream of the serpentine channel, so that the dryness of the working medium reaches the preset dryness value, the dryness of the working medium entering the heat exchange tube at the upstream is improved, and the heat transfer coefficient at the upstream of the evaporator is increased; the dryness detection device detects the dryness of the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, and when the dryness of the working medium is higher than a preset dryness value, the controller controls the pressure supply device 9 to be opened so that the low-dryness working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage is conveyed to the downstream of the serpentine passage and is mixed with the high-dryness working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, the dryness of the working medium reaches the preset dryness value, the dryness of the working medium entering the heat exchange tube at the downstream is reduced, and the heat transfer coefficient at the downstream of the evaporator is increased. Therefore, the device can realize the direct adjustment between the upstream working medium and the downstream working medium without the midstream of the evaporator, thereby increasing the heat transfer coefficient of the whole evaporator, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator and improving the customer satisfaction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an evaporator disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an evaporator disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an evaporator disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an evaporator disclosed in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the trend of dryness change of the evaporator pipeline flow disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention
A schematic diagram;
FIG. 6 shows the change of the heat transfer coefficient of the evaporation gas pipeline process disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention
And (5) a trend schematic diagram.
Wherein, the specific names of each part are as follows:
1-heat exchange tube, 2-first header, 3-second header, 4-inlet conduit, 5-outlet conduit, 6-partition, 7-first connecting tube, 8-second connecting tube, and 9-pressure supply device.
Detailed Description
In view of this, the core of the present invention is to provide an evaporator, which effectively improves heat exchange efficiency, thereby improving customer satisfaction.
The invention also provides a method for controlling the dryness in the tube of the evaporator.
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an evaporator disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a heat exchange tube 1, and a first header 2 and a second header 3 respectively disposed at both sides of the heat exchange tube 1, the evaporator is provided with an inlet conduit 4 and an outlet conduit 5, the first header 2 and the second header 3 are further provided with partitions 6 respectively inside in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the heat exchange tube 1, the partitions on any one of the first header 2 and the second header 3 are staggered with respect to each other, the partitions 6 divide the evaporator into serpentine paths, the first header 2 and/or the second header 3 are further provided with connecting lines, each connecting line includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to an upstream of the serpentine path, the second end is connected to a downstream of the serpentine path, at least one partition 6 is spaced between the first end and the second end, the connecting line is further provided with a pressure supply device 9, and the upstream of the serpentine path and the downstream of the serpentine path are further provided with dryness detection devices for detecting dryness of a working medium.
It should be explained that the inlet duct 4 is upstream of the serpentine path and the outlet duct 5 is downstream of the serpentine path.
The dryness detecting device detects the dryness of the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine channel, and when the dryness of the working medium at the upstream is lower than a preset dryness value, the controller controls the pressure supply device 9 to be opened so that the high-dryness working medium at the downstream of the serpentine channel is conveyed to the upstream of the serpentine channel and mixed with the low-dryness working medium at the upstream of the serpentine channel, the dryness of the working medium reaches the preset dryness value, the dryness of the working medium entering the heat exchange tube at the upstream is improved, and the heat transfer coefficient at the upstream of the evaporator is increased; the dryness detection device detects the dryness of the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, and when the dryness of the working medium is higher than a preset dryness value, the controller controls the pressure supply device 9 to be opened so that the low-dryness working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage is conveyed to the downstream of the serpentine passage and is mixed with the high-dryness working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, the dryness of the working medium reaches the preset dryness value, the dryness of the working medium entering the heat exchange tube at the downstream is reduced, and the heat transfer coefficient at the downstream of the evaporator is increased.
Therefore, the device can realize the direct adjustment between the upstream working medium and the downstream working medium without the midstream of the evaporator, thereby increasing the heat transfer coefficient of the whole evaporator, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator and improving the customer satisfaction.
In addition, the following technical effects are achieved: on the basis of integral adjustment, the adjustment to the interior of the single heat exchanger is further refined, the adjustment range of the working condition is larger, and the adjustment range is smaller; the adjustment of partial working conditions of the system can be achieved through the adjustment of dryness control of the evaporator, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced, and unnecessary energy consumption is reduced.
The pressure supply device 9 may be a hydraulic pump or a check valve.
Further, the first end of the connecting line and the inlet conduit 4 may be in direct communication via the header on the same side. It should be explained that the first end of the connecting line may communicate with a first header 2 arranged on the same side, or with a second header 3 arranged on the same side, i.e. without a partition 6 between the first end and the inlet duct.
It should be noted that the inlet duct 4 and the outlet duct 5 may be disposed on the same side of the evaporator, or may be disposed on both sides of the evaporator, and of course, it is convenient for installation, and it is preferable that the inlet duct 4 and the outlet duct are disposed on the same side of the evaporator.
Further, the connecting pipe comprises a first connecting pipeline 7 and a second connecting pipeline 8 which are the same, two ends of the first connecting pipeline 7 are respectively arranged on the first header 2, and two ends of the second connecting pipeline 8 are respectively arranged on the second header 3. So set up, when needs carry out the quality control, can adjust the working medium flow in the first connecting line 7 as required, perhaps adjust the work flow in the second connecting line 8, of course, two connecting lines work simultaneously, speed and scope that can further increase the quality control.
It should be noted that, when the inlet conduit 4 and the outlet conduit 5 are disposed on the same side of the evaporator, the connecting pipeline includes a first connecting pipeline 7 and a second connecting pipeline 8, two ends of the first connecting pipeline 7 are respectively communicated with the inlet conduit 4 and the first header 2, and two ends of the second connecting pipeline 8 are respectively communicated with the second header 3. So set up, can save the material of connecting tube, it is more convenient to install and set up.
It should be noted that, when the inlet conduit 4 and the outlet conduit 5 are disposed on the same side of the evaporator, the connecting pipeline includes a first connecting pipeline 7 and a second connecting pipeline 8, two ends of the first connecting pipeline 7 are respectively communicated with the inlet conduit 4 and the first header 2, and the second connecting pipeline 8 is communicated with the second header 3 and the outlet conduit 5, so that the dryness of the working medium can be adjusted more accurately.
It should be noted that the connecting pipe is a circular metal pipe, and may be a copper pipe or an aluminum pipe, and the copper pipe is preferably a copper pipe because the copper pipe is made of a material having the advantages of being sturdy, durable and corrosion resistant.
In order to improve the heat exchange effect of the evaporator, a plurality of fins for increasing the heat dissipation area are covered outside the heat exchange tube 1.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a method for controlling the dryness in the tube of the evaporator, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the dryness of the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage, and controlling the pressure supply device 9 to be opened when the dryness of the working medium is lower than a preset dryness value so as to convey the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage to the upstream of the serpentine passage;
and detecting the dryness of the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, and controlling the pressure supply device 9 to be opened when the dryness of the working medium is higher than a preset dryness value, so that the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage is conveyed to the downstream of the serpentine passage.
The method for controlling the dryness in the tube of the evaporator disclosed by the embodiment of the invention further comprises the step of controlling the pressure supply device 9 to be closed when the dryness of the working medium is a preset dryness value.
The dryness detection device detects the dryness of the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine channel, and when the dryness of the working medium at the upstream is lower than a preset dryness value, the controller controls the pressure supply device 9 to be started so that the high-dryness working medium at the downstream of the serpentine channel is conveyed to the upstream of the serpentine channel and is mixed with the low-dryness working medium at the upstream of the serpentine channel, so that the dryness of the working medium reaches the preset dryness value, the dryness of the working medium entering the heat exchange tube at the upstream is improved, and the heat transfer coefficient at the upstream of the evaporator is increased; the dryness detection device detects the dryness of the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, and when the dryness of the working medium is detected to be higher than a preset dryness value, the controller controls the pressure supply device 9 to be opened so that the low-dryness working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage is conveyed to the downstream of the serpentine passage and is mixed with the high-dryness working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage to enable the dryness of the working medium to reach the preset dryness value, so that the dryness of the working medium entering the heat exchange tube at the downstream is reduced, and the heat transfer coefficient at the downstream of the evaporator is increased; when the dryness detection device detects that the dryness of the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage and the dryness of the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage are both preset dryness values, the controller controls the pressure supply device 9 to be closed, and at the moment, the heat transfer coefficients at the upstream of the evaporator and the downstream of the evaporator are optimal.
Therefore, the device can realize the direct adjustment between the upstream working medium and the downstream working medium without the midstream of the evaporator, thereby increasing the heat transfer coefficient of the whole evaporator, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator and improving the customer satisfaction.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the trend of the change of the dryness and heat transfer coefficient of the working medium in the evaporator disclosed by the conventional evaporator and the embodiment of the present invention can be known:
in the traditional evaporator, the working medium dryness of the upstream pipeline is low, and the heat transfer coefficient is low; the working medium in the midstream pipeline has high dryness and the heat transfer coefficient is optimal; the dryness of the working medium in the downstream pipeline is too high, the heat transfer is deteriorated, and the heat transfer coefficient is reduced suddenly.
In the evaporator disclosed by the invention, the dryness of the working medium in the upstream pipeline is suddenly increased, and the heat transfer coefficient is improved; the working medium in the midstream pipeline has higher dryness and the heat transfer coefficient is optimal; the dryness of the working medium in the downstream pipeline is suddenly reduced, the heat transfer deterioration is inhibited, the heat transfer coefficient is continuously kept at the optimal value, the heat transfer deterioration is carried out after the dryness is continuously increased to a certain value, and the heat transfer coefficient is reduced.
Therefore, in the evaporator disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the dryness of the working medium in the serpentine passage is changed, so that the upstream low-dryness working medium and the downstream high-dryness working medium are mixed and compensated with each other, the heat transfer coefficients in the upstream serpentine passage and the downstream serpentine passage are increased, the overall heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator is further improved.
It should be noted that the preset dryness value is set between 0.4 and 0.8, and thus, the heat transfer coefficient can be increased only when the working medium is within the dryness value range, and further, the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
The evaporator provided by the embodiment of the invention can be a finned evaporator, but is not limited to the finned evaporator, and can also be a panel evaporator, a shell-and-tube evaporator and the like.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An evaporator comprises a heat exchange tube (1), a first header (2) and a second header (3) which are arranged on two sides of the heat exchange tube (1) respectively, wherein an inlet pipe (4) and an outlet pipe (5) are arranged on the evaporator, and the evaporator is characterized in that the first header (2) and the second header (3) are internally provided with clapboards (6) respectively along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the heat exchange tube (1), any one of the clapboards (6) on the first header (2) is staggered with the clapboards (6) on the second header (3), the clapboards (6) separate the evaporator into a serpentine channel, a connecting pipeline is further arranged on the first header (2) and/or the second header (3), the connecting pipeline comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the upstream of the serpentine channel, the second end is connected to the downstream of the serpentine channel, at least one clapboard (6) is arranged between the first end and the second end at intervals, a connecting pipeline (9) is arranged between the first end and the second end, and a downstream working medium detection device and a dryness fraction detection device for detecting the downstream of the serpentine channel is arranged on the serpentine channel.
2. An evaporator according to claim 1 wherein the first end and the inlet conduit (4) are in direct communication through the header on the same side.
3. An evaporator according to claim 1, characterised in that the inlet conduit (4) and the outlet conduit (5) are arranged on the same side of the evaporator or the inlet conduit (4) and the outlet conduit (5) are arranged on both sides of the evaporator.
4. An evaporator according to claim 1, characterised in that the connecting lines comprise identical first (7) and second (8) connecting lines, and both ends of the first connecting line (7) are arranged on the first header (2) respectively, and both ends of the second connecting line (8) are arranged on the second header (3) respectively.
5. An evaporator according to claim 3, characterised in that when the inlet conduit (4) and the outlet conduit (5) are arranged on the same side of the evaporator, the connecting lines comprise a first connecting line (7) and a second connecting line (8), and both ends of the first connecting line (7) communicate with the inlet conduit (4) and the first header (2), respectively, and both ends of the second connecting line (8) communicate with the second header (3), respectively.
6. An evaporator according to claim 3, characterised in that when the inlet conduit (4) and the outlet conduit (5) are arranged on the same side of the evaporator, the connecting lines comprise a first connecting line (7) and a second connecting line (8), and both ends of the first connecting line (7) communicate with the inlet conduit (4) and the first header (2), respectively, and the second connecting line communicates with the second header (3) and the outlet conduit (5).
7. An evaporator according to claim 1, characterised in that the pressure supply means (9) is a hydraulic pump.
8. A method for controlling dryness in tubes of an evaporator according to claim 1, comprising:
detecting the dryness of the working medium at the upstream of the snake-shaped passage, and controlling the pressure supply device (9) to be opened when the dryness of the working medium is lower than a preset dryness value so as to convey the working medium at the downstream of the snake-shaped passage to the upstream of the snake-shaped passage;
and detecting the dryness of the working medium at the downstream of the serpentine passage, and controlling the pressure supply device (9) to be opened when the dryness of the working medium is higher than a preset dryness value, so that the working medium at the upstream of the serpentine passage is conveyed to the downstream of the serpentine passage.
9. The method for controlling the dryness of the inside of the pipe of the evaporator as recited in claim 8, further comprising controlling the pressure supply device (9) to be closed when the dryness of the working medium is a preset dryness value.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the preset dryness value is between 0.4 and 0.8.
CN201710720251.0A 2017-08-21 2017-08-21 Evaporator and method for controlling dryness in pipe thereof Active CN107328144B (en)

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CN109900004B (en) * 2019-02-20 2024-03-26 仲恺农业工程学院 Two-stage compression adjustable dryness refrigerating system with ejector
CN110631391B (en) * 2019-09-11 2020-10-09 广东工业大学 Shell-and-tube phase-change heat exchanger with dryness regulation function
CN110849043B (en) * 2019-12-18 2024-06-14 仲恺农业工程学院 Variable flow Cheng Zheng hair condenser with dryness self-control
JP6881624B1 (en) * 2020-01-22 2021-06-02 株式会社富士通ゼネラル Heat exchanger
CN114838526B (en) * 2022-05-26 2024-02-09 天津大学 Double-working-medium shell-and-tube evaporator applied to organic Rankine cycle

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CN201621986U (en) * 2010-02-23 2010-11-03 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Micro-channel heat exchanger
CN106796091A (en) * 2014-10-07 2017-05-31 三菱电机株式会社 Heat exchanger and conditioner
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