CN107326146B - The method of a small amount of low-density volatile metal is introduced into small-sized molten steel furnace - Google Patents
The method of a small amount of low-density volatile metal is introduced into small-sized molten steel furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN107326146B CN107326146B CN201710553813.7A CN201710553813A CN107326146B CN 107326146 B CN107326146 B CN 107326146B CN 201710553813 A CN201710553813 A CN 201710553813A CN 107326146 B CN107326146 B CN 107326146B
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method that a small amount of low-density volatile metal is introduced into small-sized molten steel furnace, with upper cover is with holes, semiclosed steel vessels of lower openings, as packaging and addition vessel, first by the desired amount of low-density volatile metal or its alloy, it is packed into steel vessel from lower openings with solid-state or molten condition, is prefabricated into feeder；Feeder is immersed into molten steel depths or bottom when charging, molten steel enters feeder from lower openings, filled low-density volatile metal fusing simultaneously melts, before fusing in steel vessel, is gradually melted from molten steel depths with molten steel by upper cap bore, blending, and final steel boxes also all fuse into molten steel.Solve the loss and volatilization pollution problem when low-density volatile metal in being introduced into molten steel, low-density volatile metal used raw material is easily bought, is cheap, use cost is low, is also able to achieve accurate feed proportioning and low volatilization pollution in the incomplete small-sized molten steel furnace of facility or technical conditions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal smelt fields, and in particular to a kind of that a small amount of low-density volatilization is introduced into small-sized molten steel furnace
The method of property metal.
Background technique
It is quenched that a small amount of other metallic elements progress are introduced before molten steel continuous casting or casting, are a kind of common practices.Such as very
Multi items steel often introduce aluminium to 0.02~0.06% before molten steel goes out and wraps.
660 DEG C of the fusing point of metallic aluminium, density about 2.7g/ ㎝3Although its boiling point is higher than 2400 DEG C, at 1200 DEG C or more
It volatilizees just clearly.If molten steel directly is added in metal aluminum blocks, item, and (1400-1550 DEG C of temperature or more, density is about
7.5-8 g/㎝3), molten metal molten aluminum can first swim in molten steel surface and could float for a period of time gradually with molten steel consolute
Period is not only slow with the consolute speed of molten steel, is also easy to volatilization or is corroded by the slag of molten steel surface, solid slag, by air oxygen
Change, to reduce the utilization rate of metallic aluminium, makes the content of metallic aluminium in product be not easy accurately to control, the metallic aluminium of volatilization is in air
Middle oxidation also will form flue dust, degradation manipulation environment.
Thus develop a variety of process such as injection feeding technologies for introducing metallic aluminiums: aluminium be made into the aluminum steel of 3~10mm of φ by
Feeding wire machine feeds molten steel deep in tapping or at Argon station with 120~280m/min speed.For another example CAS method: ladle bottom is blown
The bits that argon bypasses top keep molten steel exposed, the steel under the impregnating cover insertion molten steel of a refractory material at about 200mm, in cover
Without bits on the water surface, the inside is full of argon gas, and aluminum shot is added in impregnating cover, continues Argon stirring, and aluminum shot gradually melts, incorporates steel
In water.These methods are in the fairly large steel treatment of very well equipped using being effective.
But during small-sized molten steel, such as list furnace 1000kg is adding aluminium facility hereinafter, since crucible size is smaller
It is not reasonable improve under conditions of, above-mentioned plus aluminium method is not easy to realize, even if using there is also metallic aluminium volatilization and fume amount are big,
Introduction volume less accurate problem, especially when adding aluminum amount bigger, when such as plus aluminium is to the 0.5-3.0% for accounting for molten steel gross mass, always
It is not easy to be made reliable, accurate.
Small-sized molten steel furnace is generally used for specialities, and the requirement to raw material or melting cost is more loosely.Such as essence
Close casting prepares steel fibre with molten pumping method, to reach preferable product quality, the iron aluminium such as containing aluminium 20% or so can also be used and close
Gold, or the alfer containing aluminium 80% or so, the raw material as addition metallic aluminium.The former advantage is fusing point, density close to steel
Water, easy-to-use, consolute speed is fast, volatilization or few by slag corrosion, but iron content is too high, can change basic group of molten steel when dosage is big
At；The latter's advantage is that additive amount is small, is influenced less on the basic composition of molten steel, but fusing point, density are all lower, not easy-to-use, consolute
Speed is slow, volatilization or big by slag corrosion amount.Moreover, both alloys are because purposes, dosage are less, first is that difficult purchase, second is that valence
Lattice are more expensive, third is that quality is not sufficiently stable, thus if loss amount greatly if at high cost, volatilization pollution weight.
For another example calcium metal, 842 DEG C of fusing point, 1484 DEG C of boiling point, density 1.5g/cm3, hardly possible is added with conventional method；；Magnesium metal
648.8 DEG C of fusing point.1107 DEG C of boiling point, 1.74 g/cm3 of density, charging is more difficult.Also there is the cored of interior packet light metal, outsourcing iron sheet
Line, there is also difficult purchase, price, problem not easy to use and big, at high cost, volatilization pollution weight the problems of loss amount.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides and a kind of introduces the volatilization of a small amount of low-density into small-sized molten steel furnace
Property metal method, mainly with upper cover is with holes, semiclosed steel vessel such as steel cylinders or steel boxes of lower openings, as low
The packaging and addition vessel of density volatile metal or its alloy, first by the desired amount of low-density volatile metal or its alloy,
Be packed into steel vessel from lower openings, be prefabricated into feeder, feeder is immersed into molten steel depths or bottom when charging, molten steel from
Lower openings enter feeder, and filled low-density volatile metal melts and before steel vessel fusing, by upper cap bore to close
Suitable speed is escaped and is fused into molten steel, and final steel boxes also all fuse into molten steel, and the upper cap bore has metering function；
The method mainly includes the following steps:
(1) according to the addition aim parameter of required low-density volatile metal, in conjunction with molten steel composition, molten steel in melting kettle
Volume, depth profile and the quenched requirement of molten steel, select material, size and the required low-density volatility of steel vessel
The composition and additive amount of metal or its alloy；
(2) steel vessel has upper cover and side wall, and lower openings are highly steel between upper cover and the end face of lower openings
The 10-30% of water depth；The hole that upper cover has one or more outlets, goes out low-density volatile metal liquid；Steel vessel upper cover or
The pressing connecting component of connection pressing locating rod or setting connection pressing locating rod below side wall；
(3) it by low-density volatile metal or its alloy of required composition and additive amount, is packed into from lower openings, insertion steel
In container, feeder is made；Connection pressing locating rod below feeder upper cover or side wall, or pass through the pressing connecting component
Connection pressing locating rod；Adjust molten steel mouth of pot vertically upward；By hand or motor-driven fixture, by pressing locating rod by one or
More than one piece feeder immerses molten steel depths or bottom, and the end face of feeder lower openings and crucible bottom surface distance are the 0- of molten steel depth
20%；Before melting in the low-density volatile metal and fusing into molten steel through upper hole whole evolution, the locating rod is in molten steel
Fusing, fusing speed is slower or non-fusible, does not melt, and the steel vessel keeps its carrying capacity substantially, or contacts described low
The steel vessel lid of density volatile metal liquid, side wall the melt of low-density volatile metal liquid and lower liquid level gradually on
Move before keep its carrying capacity and it is non-fusible, melt to perforation；
(4) stirring and temperature condition for adjusting molten steel, make feeder gradually fuse into molten steel；
(5) after feeder is molten to the greatest extent, the molten part in the end of meltability locating rod or insoluble locating rod are moved away from molten steel.
The low-density volatile metal, including metallic aluminium or its alloy, calcium or its alloy, magnesium alloy；The shape of metal
For particle, line, item, piece, band, stick etc..
The required material of the steel vessel and thickness, the steel plate of size, steel cylinder, are made, or use institute by welding, riveting
The steel pipe of wall thickness, size is needed, one end is by the externally threaded end socket of inner thread connecting band, or passes through spiral shell in outer wall thread connecting band
The capping of line forms upper cover, and in upper cover aperture.
The material of the steel vessel is preferably formed with molten steel same or similar.
The pressing locating rod can corrode the ceramic tube such as corundum material, stick, bar or interior logical with resistance to rapid heat cycle and molten steel
The steel pipe of inertia cooling air such as argon gas.
The fusing and discharge situation of low-density volatile metal, can pass through buoyancy suffered by pressing locating rod in feeder
Situation of change judgement, can also be judged according to the flue dust situation of molten steel surface.Feeder is judged by the situation of change of buoyancy
When the fusing and discharge situation of middle low-density volatile metal, the lesser fixture of quality and pressing locating rod are preferably used, pressing is fixed
Position bar should also not corroded by molten steel substantially, if can experience buoyancy by big when the pressing locating rod of hand-guided at this time or its fixture
To small variation, can be seen when being controlled with motor-driven fixture according to lightweight and longer horizontal brace rod locating rod, fixture by
Gradually decline.The flue dust of molten steel surface, which becomes larger, illustrates that low-density volatile metal content is gradually increased, and normally escapes and fuses into
Molten steel；If flue dust is too big, illustrate that low-density volatile metal liquid has escaped into molten steel surface, liquid speed degree is too fast out or stirs not
Foot.
The hole of feeder upper cover should have the erosion resistance to low-density volatile metal be discharged liquid, cannot be low
All discharge generates serious erosion reaming before to density volatile metal liquid, goes out liquid excessive velocities to avoid the later period, because being more than
Diffusion dissolution ability and molten steel surface is floated to higher concentration, cause damages and flue dust.Countermeasure is using slightly greater thickness
Upper cover, or the ceramic tube such as corundum short tube for not being fused to molten steel is inlayed in hole, the lower end of ceramic tube be slightly coarser than upper cover aperture with
Exempt to be released after entering molten steel by buoyancy and low-density volatile metal liquid stream kinetic force of friction, the ceramic tube eventually floats to steel
Water level.
Molten steel surface can blow protection gas such as argon gas, can also be coated with the deslagging agent or heat preservation ash of slightly oxygen barrier effect.
The molten steel smelting furnace, including electric arc furnaces, induction furnace, it is preferred to use induction furnace；It, can to ferromagnetic steel material in induction furnace
With line frequency furnace, medium-frequency induction furnace can be used to nonferromagnetic steel material, had to the molten steel after fusing and preferably stirred, help
Mix up use, the power supply of the latter one intermediate frequency furnace can adjust different frequency according to the different phase of melt.
In the present invention, the mouth of molten metal after guaranteeing low-density volatile metal or its alloy melting from steel vessel upper cover
It is gradually discharged, is gradually melted from molten steel depths with molten steel, blending, avoid a large amount of quickly evolutions, be key point.Due to the gold
The density difference for belonging to liquid and molten steel is larger, if molten metal quickly escapes, is easy to be floated to molten steel surface with higher concentration, cause
Loss or volatilization pollution.The molten metal is mixed in molten steel depths, makes low-density volatile metal contained by molten steel surface layer or its conjunction
The content of gold is very low, and volatile quantity is small, and flue dust is few, or smaller by the erosion amount of molten steel surface slag, solid slag, to make adding for metal
It is reliable, accurate to add.Certainly with the gradually discharge of the molten metal behind low-density volatile metal or its alloy melting, steel vessel
The thickness up and down of inner metal liquid gradually becomes smaller, because the evolution pressure that density contrast is formed becomes smaller.In short, upper cap bore should play limitation it is low
The effect of the density volatile metal melt rate of outflow is especially being become larger by molten metal erosion aperture, is going out liquid speed degree
The stage that may become larger will also guarantee that the rate of outflow of the molten metal cannot be excessive, thus the setting of bore dia and length
It is all crucial, it cannot be excessive or too small.
The method that the present invention introduces a small amount of low-density volatile metal into small-sized molten steel furnace, by waving low-density
Hair property metal or its alloy are packed into, in insertion steel vessel, immerse crucible bottom, keep low-density volatile metal or its alloy molten
Molten metal after change, cap bore is discharged from steel vessel, gradually melts, blending, avoids a large amount of quick with molten steel from molten steel depths
Evolution is melted with molten steel, mixes bad or have little time to melt with molten steel, mix and floated with higher concentration to molten steel surface, caused
The low-density volatile metal is largely lost, loss when solving low-density volatile metal in being introduced into molten steel, at
Sheet and volatilization pollution problem.Steel vessel used such as steel pipe, steel cylinder or steel boxes can be made by oneself or be easy to buy, low-density used
Volatile metal can also directly purchase pure metal or the suitable alloy of chemical composition, price, size, solve low-density used and wave
The problem that hair property raw metal is not easy to buy, price, unstable quality, use cost are high, and in facility or technical conditions
Incomplete small-sized molten steel furnace is also able to achieve accurate feed proportioning and low volatilization pollution.
Specific embodiment
By the following examples, container is made with 304 stainless steel tubes and plectane, is packed into metallic aluminium, is made of 304 stainless steel bars
Locating rod is pressed, metallic aluminium is incorporated into 304 stainless steel waters, a small amount of low-density is introduced into small-sized molten steel furnace to the present invention
The method and its effect of volatile metal, are illustrated, but be not construed as limiting the invention.
Molten steel smelting furnace is medium-frequency induction furnace, and crucible substrate is electrically molten magnesia, melting 304 every time in following experimentation
Stainless steel 100kg, molten steel depth 380mm or so, molten steel surface lead to argon gas protection to facilitate to immerse feeder and observe molten steel and stir
Emotionally condition.Liquid steel temperature is by immersing thermocouple detection.
Embodiment 1,2 is respectively incorporated metallic aluminium 1.03kg, i.e., adds by mass fraction 1.0%；Embodiment 3 is incorporated metallic aluminium
2.06kg is added by mass fraction 2.0%.
Following example 1-3, comparative example 1-3 operating process in, will feeder immerse molten steel after control identical electricity
Source frequency, so that the agitated conditions of molten steel are essentially identical.
Embodiment 1
Φ 80.5x5mm304 stainless steel plate is taken, is drilled 3 holes Φ 3mm along the vertical direction of its lower planes, described 3
A hole is along plectane center Φ 65mm circumference uniform distribution；Inner wall is taken to polish 1 section of 304 stainless steel tube of Φ 89x4x85mm, steel pipe upper end
By plectane described in argon arc welding welding and shut, weld seam through welding, metapore along plectane central axes, far from steel pipe direction weld one
304 stainless steel bar of Φ 10x800mm is as pressing locating rod；Mouth is embedded in 80 x75mm mass fraction purity of Φ under steel cylinder
One section of 99.5% cylindrical aluminium bar；Aluminium bar quality is 1.03kg, steel cylinder and stick gross mass 1.45kg, wherein Φ 10x800mm
304 stainless steel bar quality 500g.
By the steel cylinder for having filled metallic aluminium, open end is downward, and positioning stainless steel bar is upward, holds on positioning stainless steel bar
End is dipped vertically into rigid fusing, constant temperature into 1500 DEG C of 304 stainless steel 100kg molten steel, and mouth of pot is vertically upward；Touch crucible bottom
It is vertical to be held in position stainless steel bar as far as possible afterwards, tries to survey buoyancy from its top precision pressure-tensiometer, it is fixed to subtract revealed section
The weight of position stainless steel bar, calculates net buoyancy maximum value 2.1kgf of metallic aluminium or so.
Positioning stainless steel bar is above mentioned into 15mm later, starts timing.Continue from positioning stainless steel bar top precision pressure-
Tensiometer tries to survey buoyancy, calculates that the net buoyancy of end discharge metal aluminium liquid, discovery net buoyancy are gradually reduced, are down to after 6min
Zero, it is believed that metal aluminium liquid is all discharged at this time.Steel cylinder is proposed later, molten steel is left and simply checks rapidly, is found on steel pipe
Obvious erosion, three holes slightly expand exterior surface, also obvious erosion and thinning, the positioning stainless steel bar lower part change of steel cylinder side wall
Carefully, after checking rapidly, steadily immerse molten steel, the steel cylinder of immersion molten steel is periodically shaken by stainless steel bar, is found after total 12min
It shakes resistance to become smaller, resistance very little is found after total 15min, stainless steel bar is above mentioned, discovery steel cylinder in end is stirred with the stainless steel bar
Dynamic molten steel, end find there is foreign matter in molten steel, illustrate that steel cylinder includes that upper cover plectane all fuses into molten steel, later by stainless steel bar
It proposes, leaves the cooling placement of molten steel.During the 15min or so, molten steel surface flue dust is smaller, and also flue dust occurs for end suddenly big suddenly
Small phenomenon illustrates that metal aluminium liquid is in slave mode from the discharge on steel cylinder in cap bore, and the metal aluminium liquid of discharge is in molten steel
It is quickly mixed, high concentration metal aluminium liquid end is floated to molten steel surface.
Molten steel continues to stir and maintains 1500 DEG C of temperature to total 20min, takes molten steel sample primary every 3min later, takes 5 altogether
A sample but detects metal aluminum content afterwards, and mass content is all that 0.90-0.94%, average value 0.91%, and 1.0% additive amount are basic
It is consistent, it is seen that loss is less, is fused and mixed more uniform.
Embodiment 2
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is 6 holes of Φ 80.5x5mm304 stainless steel plate band, and aperture Φ 2.4mm, this 6
A hole is uniformly distributed in 60 ° along plectane center Φ 65mm circle adjacent.
The steel cylinder of dress metallic aluminium will be carried out, open end is downward, and positioning stainless steel bar is upward, holds on positioning stainless steel bar
End is dipped vertically into rigid fusing, constant temperature into 1500 DEG C of 304 stainless steel 100kg molten steel, and mouth of pot is vertically upward；Touch crucible bottom
Positioning stainless steel bar is above mentioned into 15mm afterwards, starts timing.Continue to try from positioning stainless steel bar top precision pressure-tensiometer
Buoyancy is surveyed, calculates the net buoyancy of end discharge metal aluminium liquid, discovery is down to zero after being gradually reduced 7min, it is believed that metal aluminium liquid at this time
All discharges.The steel cylinder for immersing molten steel is shaken in timing by stainless steel bar, and discovery shakes resistance and becomes smaller after total 11min, always
Resistance very little is found after 16min, stainless steel bar is above mentioned, and discovery steel cylinder in end stirs molten steel, end discovery steel with the stainless steel bar
There is foreign matter in water, illustrates that steel cylinder includes that upper cover plectane all fuses into molten steel, stainless steel bar is proposed later, it is cold to leave molten steel
But it places.During the 16min or so, molten steel surface flue dust is smaller, and also that there is a phenomenon where flue dust is suddenly big or suddenly small at end, illustrates gold
Belong to molten aluminum and be in slave mode from the discharge on steel cylinder in cap bore, the metal aluminium liquid of discharge is quickly mixed in molten steel, high
Concentration metal molten aluminum end is floated to molten steel surface.
Molten steel continues to stir and maintains 1500 DEG C of temperature to total 20min, takes molten steel sample primary every 3min later, takes 5 altogether
A sample but detects metal aluminum content afterwards, and mass content is all that 0.91-0.94%, average value 0.92%, and 1.0% additive amount are basic
It is consistent, it is seen that loss is less, is fused and mixed more uniform.
Embodiment 3
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is the Φ 80.5x5mm304 stainless steel circle for making two sets by 3 holes Φ 3mm of band
Add aluminium device and pressing locating rod made of plate, 304 stainless steel tubes of Φ 89x4x85mm, 304 stainless steel bar of Φ 10x800mm；Point
It Qian Ru not be one section of cylindrical aluminium bar of 80 x75mm mass fraction purity 99.5% of Φ；Wherein aluminium bar gross mass is 2.06kg, steel cylinder
And stick gross mass 2.90kg, two 304 stainless steel bar gross mass 1000g of Φ 10x800mm.
Described two sets are filled the steel cylinder of metallic aluminium, open end is downward, and positioning stainless steel bar is upward, passes through fixture and bracket
Rigid fusing, constant temperature are dipped vertically into 1500 DEG C of 304 stainless steel 100kg molten steel, mouth of pot is vertically upward；It will behind touching crucible bottom
Positioning stainless steel bar above mentions 15mm, starts timing.Stainless steel bar is above mentioned after total 16min, discovery steel cylinder in end is stirred with stainless steel bar
Dynamic molten steel, end find there is foreign matter in molten steel, illustrate that steel cylinder includes that upper cover plectane all fuses into molten steel, later by stainless steel bar
It proposes, leaves the cooling placement of molten steel.During the 16min or so, molten steel surface flue dust is little, and also flue dust occurs for end suddenly big suddenly
Small phenomenon illustrates that metal aluminium liquid is in slave mode from the discharge on steel cylinder in cap bore, and the metal aluminium liquid of discharge is in molten steel
It is quickly mixed, high concentration metal aluminium liquid end is floated to molten steel surface.
Molten steel continues to stir and maintains 1500 DEG C of temperature to total 20min, takes molten steel sample primary every 3min later, takes 5 altogether
A sample but detects metal aluminum content afterwards, and mass content is all that 1.80-1.90%, average value 1.83%, and 2.0% additive amount are basic
It is consistent, it is seen that loss is less, is fused and mixed more uniform.
Comparative example 1
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is that Φ 80.5x5mm304 stainless steel plate only 1 hole of band, aperture are Φ 6mm.
The steel cylinder of dress metallic aluminium will be carried out, open end is downward, and positioning stainless steel bar is upward, holds on positioning stainless steel bar
End is dipped vertically into rigid fusing, constant temperature into 1500 DEG C of 304 stainless steel 100kg molten steel, and mouth of pot is vertically upward；Touch crucible bottom
Positioning stainless steel bar is above mentioned into 15mm afterwards, starts timing.It was found that molten steel surface flue dust is larger, flue dust becomes smaller after 6min；Total 16min
Stainless steel bar is above mentioned afterwards, end discovery steel cylinder, stirs molten steel with stainless steel bar, have foreign matter in end discovery molten steel, illustrate steel cylinder packet
It includes upper cover plectane and all fuses into molten steel, later propose stainless steel bar, leave the cooling placement of molten steel.
Molten steel continues to stir and maintains 1500 DEG C of temperature to total 20min, takes molten steel sample primary every 3min later, takes 5 altogether
A sample but detects metal aluminum content afterwards, and mass content 0.85% is gradually decreased to 0.79%, from low to high and 1.0% additive amount phase
Than difference is larger, it is seen that loss is more；Sampling result is gradually decreased with the time is stirred, and shows the metal of last volatilization loss
Aluminium also is continuing to be fused and mixed from molten steel upper layer to depths.
Illustrate that metal aluminium liquid is too fast from the velocity of discharge on metal tube in cap bore, the metal aluminium liquid of discharge comes not in molten steel
And mixing, it will form high concentration metal aluminium liquid and be floated to molten steel surface, cause a large amount of volatilization losses and flue dust.
Comparative example 2
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is the steel cylinder for having filled metallic aluminium, hand-held fixed by positioning stainless steel bar
Position, is dipped vertically into 1500 DEG C of 304 stainless steel 100kg molten steel, and positioning stainless steel bar is above mentioned 145mm behind touching crucible bottom, is opened
Beginning timing.It was found that molten steel surface flue dust is larger, flue dust becomes smaller after 6min；Stainless steel bar is above mentioned after total 15min, end discovery steel
Cylinder stirs molten steel with stainless steel bar, has foreign matter in end discovery molten steel, illustrate that steel cylinder includes that upper cover plectane all fuses into steel
Water later proposes stainless steel bar, leaves the cooling placement of molten steel.
Molten steel continues to stir and maintains 1500 DEG C of temperature to total 20min, takes molten steel sample primary every 3min later, takes 5 altogether
A sample but detects metal aluminum content afterwards, and mass content 0.88% is gradually decreased to 0.62%, from low to high and 1.0% additive amount phase
Than difference is larger, it is seen that loss is larger；Sampling result is gradually decreased with the time is stirred, and shows the metal of last volatilization loss
Aluminium also is continuing to be fused and mixed from molten steel upper layer to depths.
Illustrate metal aluminium liquid from the outlet position on steel cylinder in cap bore, when depth is inadequate in molten steel, even if discharge speed
Spend unhappy, the metal aluminium liquid of discharge also has little time to mix in molten steel, will form high concentration metal aluminium liquid and is floated to molten steel surface, makes
At a large amount of volatilization losses and flue dust；And metal aluminium liquid density is far below molten steel, and shallower position discharge, is not easy to be mixed into from molten steel
Molten steel depths.
Comparative example 3
Substantially with embodiment 1, difference is that Φ 80.5x5mm304 stainless steel plate used is non-porous.
The steel cylinder of dress metallic aluminium will be carried out, open end is downward, and positioning stainless steel bar is upward, holds on positioning stainless steel bar
End is dipped vertically into rigid fusing, constant temperature into 1500 DEG C of 304 stainless steel 100kg molten steel, and mouth of pot is vertically upward；Touch crucible bottom
Positioning stainless steel bar is above mentioned into 10mm afterwards, starts timing.Tried to survey buoyancy with precision pressure-tensiometer, calculates metallic aluminium
It is reduced to 1.8kgf after net buoyancy initial value 2.1kgf, 4min, 1.7kgf is reduced to after 7min, 1.4kgf, 12min are reduced to after 10min
After be reduced to 0.8kgf, be reduced to zero after 14min；Molten steel surface flue dust is smaller before 10min, and molten steel surface flue dust is very when 11-14min
Greatly, flue dust becomes smaller after 14min.Positioning stainless steel bar is proposed that steel cylinder is seen at end, molten steel is stirred with stainless steel bar, finds in molten steel
There is foreign matter, 25min checks that foreign steel cylinder includes that upper cover plectane all fuses into molten steel in molten steel, later by stainless steel bar
It proposes, leaves the cooling placement of molten steel.
Molten steel continues to stir and maintains 1500 DEG C of temperature to total 25min, takes molten steel sample primary every 3min later, takes 5 altogether
A sample but detects metal aluminum content afterwards, and mass content 0.78% is gradually decreased to 0.60%, from low to high and 1.0% additive amount phase
Than difference is larger, it is seen that loss is larger；Sampling result is gradually decreased with the time is stirred, and shows the metal of last volatilization loss
Aluminium also is continuing to be fused and mixed from molten steel upper layer to depths.
This comparative example flue dust situation and aluminium content result illustrate, in steel vessel, liquid level and molten steel only exist under metal aluminium liquid
There is certain mixing melting at initial stage, is fused and mixed later slack-off.Before 10min, metal aluminium liquid is very slow by the mixing melting effect of lower liquid level and molten steel, but
Later steel cylinder side wall, top surface steel plate be gradually etched, melt, perforate, metal aluminium liquid through these perforation leak out be fused and mixed into molten steel,
Increase after 11min with the number of holes, aperture becomes larger, metal aluminium liquid leaks out, the velocity of discharge is accelerated, and plectane or side wall can at the top of steel cylinder
Energy burn through forms macropore, and the metal aluminium liquid of discharge is excessive too fast more than molten steel mixing melting speed, and formation high concentration metal aluminium liquid is floated to
Molten steel surface causes a large amount of volatilization losses and flue dust, and 14min molten aluminum is drained, and flue dust becomes smaller.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for introducing low-density volatile metal into small-sized molten steel furnace, with holes, lower openings with upper cover
Semiclosed steel vessel first will be the desired amount of low close as low-density volatile metal or the packaging and addition vessel of its alloy
It spends volatile metal or its alloy to be packed into steel vessel, is prefabricated into feeder, feeder is immersed into molten steel depths, steel when charging
Water enters feeder from lower openings, and filled low-density volatile metal melts and before steel vessel fusing, passes through upper cap bore
It escapes and fuses into molten steel, final steel boxes also all fuse into molten steel, and the upper cap bore has metering function；
Described method includes following steps:
(1) according to the addition aim parameter of required low-density volatile metal, in conjunction with molten steel composition, body of the molten steel in melting kettle
It accumulates, the requirement that depth profile and molten steel are quenched, selectes material, size and the required low-density volatile metal of steel vessel
Or the composition and additive amount of its alloy；
(2) steel vessel has upper cover and side wall, and lower openings are highly deep for molten steel between upper cover and the end face of lower openings
The 10-30% of degree；The hole that upper cover has one or more outlets, goes out low-density volatile metal liquid；Steel vessel upper cover or side wall
The pressing connecting component of lower section connection pressing locating rod or setting connection pressing locating rod；
(3) it by low-density volatile metal or its alloy of required composition and additive amount, is packed into from lower openings, insertion steel holds
In device, feeder is made；Connection pressing locating rod below feeder upper cover or side wall, or connected by the pressing connecting component
Press locating rod；Adjust molten steel mouth of pot vertically upward；It by hand or motor-driven fixture, will be one or more by pressing locating rod
Feeder immerses molten steel depths, and the end face of feeder lower openings and crucible bottom surface distance are the 0-20% of molten steel depth；Described
Before low-density volatile metal melts and fuses into molten steel through upper hole whole evolution, the pressing locating rod immerses the portion in molten steel
It is point unblown or non-fusible, do not melt, the steel vessel keeps its carrying capacity, or the contact low-density volatile metal
Steel vessel lid, the side wall of liquid keep its receiving before the melt of low-density volatile metal liquid and lower liquid level gradually move up
Ability and it is non-fusible, melt to perforation；
(4) stirring and temperature condition for adjusting molten steel, make feeder gradually fuse into molten steel；
(5) after feeder is molten to the greatest extent, the unmelted part of meltability pressing locating rod or insoluble pressing locating rod are moved away from molten steel.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the low-density volatile metal, including metallic aluminium, calcium, magnesium.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the steel of the steel vessel required material and thickness, size
Plate, steel cylinder are made by welding, riveting, or with required wall thickness, the steel pipe of size, and one end passes through the outer spiral shell of inner thread connecting band
The end socket of line, or tapped capping is connected by outer wall thread and forms upper cover, and in upper cover aperture.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the steel vessel is identical as molten steel composition.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressing locating rod is that resistance to rapid heat cycle and molten steel corrode
The steel pipe of ceramic tube, stick or interior logical inertia cooling air.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fusing and discharge feelings of low-density volatile metal in feeder
Condition is judged by the situation of change of buoyancy suffered by pressing locating rod, or is judged according to the flue dust situation of molten steel surface.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that inlay the ceramic short tube for not being fused to molten steel in upper cap bore.
8. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that molten steel surface Argon gas shielded, or coated with there is oxygen barrier effect
Deslagging agent or heat preservation ash.
9. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the molten steel furnace includes electric arc furnaces, induction furnace.
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| CA1119413A (en) * | 1978-01-06 | 1982-03-09 | Klaus Hornung | Process and a device for the treatment of an iron melt |
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