CN107322724B - The control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression - Google Patents

The control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107322724B
CN107322724B CN201710701075.6A CN201710701075A CN107322724B CN 107322724 B CN107322724 B CN 107322724B CN 201710701075 A CN201710701075 A CN 201710701075A CN 107322724 B CN107322724 B CN 107322724B
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timber
compression
press
wood
density
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CN107322724A (en
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王可
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Beijing Future New Solid Wood Technology Co.,Ltd.
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K1/00Damping wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001Heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/007Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression, this method includes following specific process: a, adjustment moisture content;B, timber is placed on press, timber is compressed, the pressure of press is 2-10MPa, and the compression speed of press is 0.1-2mm/s;C, kept for 30 minutes or more, press is opened, stratiform compression wood is obtained.The present invention can precisely compress timber, reduce because compressing bring timber loss, greatly increase the service performance and use value of timber, have high economic benefit and social benefit.

Description

The control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control methods of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression, are related to timber floor and furniture neck Domain.
Background technique
Timber band hot-pressing technique is exactly the elastic-plastic behavior that timber is utilized, and by softening and compressing, is not destroying wood The density that timber is improved in the case where material cell wall, improves a practical technique of the physical and mechanical property of timber.At present with water The softening method that Transverse Compression technology as softening agent uses mainly by boiling softening and electromagnetic wave (including high frequency and microwave it is soft Change) two major classes are heated and softened, compression can use hot pressing or cold pressing, in order to avoid compression rebound, mainly use high temperature and pressure Carry out strain compression fixing processing.But Transverse Compression research and application technology up to the present does not relate to compression process The problem of how middle density gradient controls.
Timber is a kind of porous natural elastoplasticity high molecular material, has anisotropic characteristic.Timber and artificial The most significant difference of organic high molecular polymer material of synthesis is the three big component fibre elements for forming wood cell wall, hemicellulose There are free hydroxyl groups in element and lignin, and timber is made to have the characteristic of moisture absorption and desorption, this characteristic is to determine that timber is shown Elasticity or plastic property key factor.Influence of the temperature to molecular motion velocities is to influence timber plastoelastic another is important Factor.The presence of this characteristic makes timber show flexible characteristic under the conditions of different temperature and humidities, reduces timber Dimensional stability.But it is this as material use the shortcomings that provide possibility to the exploitation of new material again.If utilizing timber With plastoelastic natural characteristic, pass through the regulation of wet heat condition and external force, thus it is possible to vary the Density Distribution of material, formed at Split-phase is same, structure difference new material.
Wet heat condition be influence the plastoelastic key factor of timber, therefore, using porosity possessed by timber and it is each to Anisotropic feature, and the moisture formed therefrom can reach 5000 by lateral seepage velocity and radial or tangential difference Times or more characteristic, the damp and hot distribution of wood internal is controlled by technique adjustment, then be aided with compressive load amount and loading velocity Adjustment, controls the density gradient of horizontal compression wood, can be realized being precisely controlled for density of wood gradient and structure under Transverse Compression, A kind of new mode is provided for the processing of Transverse Compression timber.This technology utilizes the high-quality of artificial forest fast growing wood It is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of controlling party of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression Method.The present invention can precisely compress timber, reduce because compressing bring timber loss, greatly increase making for timber With performance and use value, have high economic benefit and social benefit.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical scheme is as follows: the density gradient under a kind of Wood Across Compression Control method, this method includes following specific process:
A, moisture content is adjusted;
B, timber is placed on press, timber is compressed, the pressure of press is 2-10MPa, the compression speed of press For 0.1-2mm/s;
C, kept for 30 minutes or more, press is opened, stratiform compression wood is obtained.
In the control method of density gradient under above-mentioned Wood Across Compression, in step b, timber compress specific It is that timber is placed on press, the heating platen rapid closing of press makes timber combine closely with press heating platen;According to density Uniformly, three kinds of the density sudden turn of events, density gradual change compression results select following three kinds of compress modes:
A, even density compresses: timber is preheated 10 minutes on press with 110-120 DEG C of preheating temperature or more, with pressure Power 3-5MPa, hot pressing plate temperature are 110-120 DEG C and compression speed 0.3-0.5mm/s progress continuous compression, until being compressed to mesh Thickness is marked, whole homogeneous compaction timber is formed;
B, the density sudden turn of events is compressed: being 110-120 with pressure 5-10MPa, hot pressing plate temperature after timber is placed on press DEG C and compression speed 0.3-0.5mm/s carry out continuous compression, until being compressed to target thickness, form density sudden turn of events type compressed wood Material;
C, density gradual change is compressed: timber being placed on press, first pressure, 110-120 DEG C of the preheating temperature with 0.5-1MPa Degree the pre-heat treatment -2 minutes 30 seconds;Again with pressure 3-5MPa, hot pressing plate temperature for 110-120 DEG C and compression speed 0.3- 0.5mm/s carries out continuous compression, until being compressed to target thickness, forms density gradation type compression wood.
In the control method of density gradient under above-mentioned Wood Across Compression, before timber is placed in press, first adjustment is wooden The moisture content of material, specifically:
(1) moisture content is lower than to 9% timber, cross section carries out termination process with hydrophobic material, then with 100 DEG C or less Water impregnate, soaking time 1~3 hour, preferably 1 hour~2 hours;
(2) moisture content is more than or equal to 9% timber, is got wet or spray process, wood cross section is not done at sealing end Reason.
In the control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression above-mentioned, when being compressed to timber, when press reaches To setting pressure and timber be not compressed to the compression position of setting when, press can not be by timber in the state of setting pressure It compresses and is displaced and remains static, timber will continue to heat under the clamping of press at this time, timber after continuing the regular hour Due to damp and hot emollescence, reduce stress, press voluntarily carries out ftercompction, until being compressed to the thickness of setting.
In the control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression above-mentioned, after being compressed to target thickness, kept for 30 points More than clock, press is opened, stratiform compression wood is obtained.
In the control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression above-mentioned, kept for 50-60 minutes.
In the control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression above-mentioned, after opening press, timber is subjected to stacking, It is down to room temperature again, when stacking often puts one layer of timber and puts one layer of metal plate again, places weight in the top of stacking frame, prevents timber from existing It is deformed when cooling.
In the control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression above-mentioned, the timber after will drop to room temperature is put into high temperature Superheated steam high-temperature heat treatment or the heat treatment of superheated steam high temperature and pressure are carried out in heat treatment tank.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
A, the control technology of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression can precisely compress timber, reduce because of compression Bring timber loss;
B, the mechanical property of compression wood has reached the performance of corresponding density timber, and dimensional stability is higher than general timber;
C, safe production process, simplicity, equipment cost and manufacturing cost are low, easy to spread;
D, it has wide range of applications, this technology is suitable for almost all of fast-growing forest timber and some density are lower natural Forest timber can alleviate the short status of China's furniture woodwork timber resources, improve the added value of fast growing wood, promote forestry The development of industry;
F, any chemical agent, the production process environmental protection of material, the rings of material of production are not added in the production process of material It protects.
Performance indicator of the invention is as follows:
1, the density gradient of compressed timber can form three kinds of forms, first is that compression after the uniform type of Density Distribution ( That is even density), second is that density gradient gradation type (namely density gradual change), third is that density gradient sudden turn of events type (namely density is anxious Become).According to three kinds of even density, the density sudden turn of events, density gradual change compression results, three kinds of compress modes are selected to obtain various forms of The compression wood of density gradient.
2, the maximal density for compressing position reaches 1.0g/cm3More than, centre can also keep not compressive state, effectively Save timber;
3, the surface hardness of the compression wood of density gradient sudden turn of events type and gradation type improves between 100%-200%;
4, the bending strength of the compression wood of density gradient sudden turn of events type and gradation type improves 30%-100%, and elasticity modulus mentions High 40%-100%;
5, the compressive deformation moisture absorption rebound degree of compression wood is less than 3%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is decrement when being 2mm fast growing wood is using the thickness that is formed after reduced overall, gradual change type compression and the compression of sudden turn of events formula Spend the density profile of direction (from upper surface to lower surface);
Fig. 2 is decrement when being 5mm fast growing wood is using the thickness that is formed after reduced overall, gradual change type compression and the compression of sudden turn of events formula Spend the density profile of direction (from upper surface to lower surface);
Fig. 3 be decrement be 10mm when fast growing wood using reduced overall, gradual change type compression and the sudden turn of events formula compression after formed The density profile of thickness direction (from upper surface to lower surface);
Fig. 4 is the three kinds of Density Distribution ideographs formed after compressing;
Fig. 5 is stacking structure figure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment: the control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression, as shown in Fig. 1, this method specifically includes Following process:
1) moisture content is adjusted according to the original moisture content of timber:
Moisture content is done to the timber (i.e. moisture content is lower than 9% timber below) of state lower than gas, wood cross section, which is used, to be dredged Water-based material is impregnated after carrying out termination process with normal-temperature water or heating water to 100 DEG C of water below;
The timber (i.e. timber of the moisture content in 9%-15%) that moisture content is done to state in gas, is got wet or is sprayed Processing, wood cross section do not do termination process;
Moisture content is greater than the timber (i.e. timber of the moisture content greater than 15%) that gas does state, is got wet or is sprayed Processing, wood cross section do not do termination process.
2) timber being placed on press, the heating platen rapid closing of press makes timber combine closely with press heating platen, this When pressure be less than 0.5Mpa, be divided into following three kinds of compression sides according to three kinds of even density, the density sudden turn of events, density gradual change compression results Formula:
1, even density compresses: timber is preheated 10 minutes on press with 110-120 DEG C of preheating temperature or more, with pressure Power 3-5MPa, hot pressing plate temperature are 110-120 DEG C and compression speed 0.3-0.5mm/s progress continuous compression, until being compressed to mesh Thickness is marked, whole homogeneous compaction timber is formed;
2, the density sudden turn of events is compressed: being 110-120 with pressure 5-10MPa, hot pressing plate temperature after timber is placed on press DEG C and compression speed 0.3-0.5mm/s carry out continuous compression, until being compressed to target thickness, form density sudden turn of events type compressed wood Material;
3, density gradual change is compressed: timber being placed on press, first pressure, 110-120 DEG C of the preheating temperature with 0.5-1MPa Degree the pre-heat treatment -2 minutes 30 seconds;Again with pressure 3-5MPa, hot pressing plate temperature for 110-120 DEG C and compression speed 0.3- 0.5mm/s carries out continuous compression, until being compressed to target thickness, forms density gradation type compression wood.
Fig. 1 is decrement when being 2mm fast growing wood is using the thickness that is formed after reduced overall, gradual change type compression and the compression of sudden turn of events formula The upper surface in direction is spent to the Distance Density distribution map of lower surface;
Fig. 2 is decrement when being 5mm fast growing wood is using the thickness that is formed after reduced overall, gradual change type compression and the compression of sudden turn of events formula The upper surface in direction is spent to the Distance Density distribution map of lower surface;
Fig. 3 be decrement be 10mm when fast growing wood using reduced overall, gradual change type compression and the sudden turn of events formula compression after formed Distance Density distribution map of the upper surface of thickness direction to lower surface;
Fig. 4 is the three kinds of Density Distribution ideographs formed after compressing.
As a further preference, timber is compressed using the pressure of 3-5MPa, when press reaches the pressure of setting And timber, when not being compressed to the compression position of setting, press can not be by wood compression and at displacement in the state of setting pressure In stationary state, timber will continue to heat under the clamping of press at this time, and timber is due to damp and hot softening after continuing the regular hour Effect, reduces stress, and press voluntarily carries out ftercompction, until being compressed to the thickness (position) of setting.
3) 30 minutes or more are kept after the completion of compression, preferably 50-60 minutes, when heat preservation can not continue to heat to press;
4) press is opened, timber is taken out from pressing plate, is cooled down after stacking.As shown in Fig. 5, one layer of timber is often put when stacking After put one layer of metal plate, to the timber ballast of stacking after the completion of stacking, prevent timber deformation in cooling.
5) timber after will drop to room temperature, which is put into high-temperature heat treatment tank, carries out superheated steam high-temperature heat treatment or overheat The heat treatment of steam high temperature and pressure, the stacking mode that processing is is identical as stacking mode when cooling, but every 5-6 layers of timber is (containing gold Belong to partition) between separated with parting bead, manage 180 DEG C -200 DEG C of temperature, handle time 1-3 hours, processing pressure 0-0.5MPa.
The material or instrument and equipment that the present invention uses are as follows:
Material:
A, density is in 1.0g/cm3Timber timber below, including artificial forest fast growing wood and wildwood timber are preferably close Degree is in 0.20-0.70g/cm3Timber, such as the domestic fast growing wood of tree species, China fir, paulownia, cryptomeria of Salicaceae also includes all Import fast growing wood;
B, by wood-working factory's plate, tangential plate, string radial plate, radial plate, preferably tangential plate be can be;
C, with a thickness of 0.5-500mm, it is also possible to any machinable thickness, preferably 1-150mm;
D, scraped to the timber plate face after sawing, sanding processing, plate after making surfacing or sawing not into Row surfacing processing;
E, end-capping reagent: the hydrophobic materials such as paraffin.
Instrument and equipment:
A, timber humidification apparatus, can using spray, impregnate and pressure impregnating mode, with can will under wood surface it is certain It is immersed subject to moisture in depth bounds.0 DEG C -100 DEG C of water temperature, preferably room temperature.
B, hot press preferably has cooling function with cooling function or without cooling function;
Pressure is not less than 10MPa, preferably 3-5MPa;
Maximum close velocity magnitude is in 1mm/s, preferably 3-5mm/s or more;
Open shelves height 3-20cm, preferably 5-8cm;
Single layer or multilayer;
Temperature reaches 160 DEG C.

Claims (6)

1. the control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression, it is characterised in that: this method includes following specific process:
A, before timber is placed in press, the moisture content of timber is first adjusted, specifically:
(1) moisture content is lower than to 9% timber, cross section carries out termination process with hydrophobic material, then with 100 DEG C of water below It impregnates, soaking time 1 hour~2 hours;
(2) moisture content is more than or equal to 9% timber, is got wet or spray process, wood cross section does not do termination process;
B, timber is placed on press, timber is compressed, the pressure of press is 2-10MPa, and the compression speed of press is 0.1-2mm/s;
C, kept for 30 minutes or more, press is opened, stratiform compression wood is obtained;
In step b, timber is compressed specifically, timber is placed on press, the heating platen rapid closing of press makes timber It combines closely with press heating platen;According to even density, the density sudden turn of events, the following three kinds of pressures of three kinds of compression result selections of density gradual change Contracting mode:
1., even density compression: timber is preheated 10 minutes on press with 110-120 DEG C of preheating temperature or more, with pressure 3-5MPa, hot pressing plate temperature are 110-120 DEG C and compression speed 0.3-0.5mm/s progress continuous compression, until being compressed to target Thickness forms whole homogeneous compaction timber;
2., the density sudden turn of events compression: after timber is placed on press, with pressure 5-10MPa, hot pressing plate temperature be 110-120 DEG C and Compression speed 0.3-0.5mm/s carries out continuous compression, until being compressed to target thickness, forms density sudden turn of events type compression wood;
3., density gradual change compression: timber is placed on press, first it is pre- with pressure, 110-120 DEG C of the preheating temperature of 0.5-1MPa Heat treatment -2 minutes 30 seconds;Again with pressure 3-5MPa, hot pressing plate temperature be 110-120 DEG C and compression speed 0.3-0.5mm/s into Row continuous compression forms density gradation type compression wood until being compressed to target thickness.
2. the control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: to timber When being compressed, when press reaches the pressure of setting and timber is not compressed to the compression position of setting, press is pressed in setting Wood compression can not be displaced and be remained static in the state of power, timber will continue to heat under the clamping of press at this time, Timber reduces stress due to damp and hot emollescence after continuing the regular hour, and press voluntarily carries out ftercompction, sets until being compressed to Fixed thickness.
3. the control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be compressed to After target thickness, kept for 30 minutes or more, press is opened, stratiform compression wood is obtained.
4. the control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: keep 50-60 minutes.
5. the control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: open pressure After machine, timber is subjected to stacking, then be down to room temperature, when stacking often puts one layer of timber and puts one layer of metal plate again, in the upper of stacking frame Weight is placed by side, prevents timber deformation in cooling.
6. the control method of the density gradient under Wood Across Compression according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: will drop to Timber after room temperature is put into high-temperature heat treatment tank and carries out at superheated steam high-temperature heat treatment or superheated steam high temperature and pressure heat Reason.
CN201710701075.6A 2017-08-16 2017-08-16 The control method of density gradient under Wood Across Compression Active CN107322724B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019133806A1 (en) 2017-12-29 2019-07-04 Armstrong Hardwood Flooring Company Densified wood including process for preparation
CN108582377B (en) * 2018-03-29 2021-01-19 华南农业大学 Method for integrating wood compression and in-situ hot treatment under pressure and compressed wood prepared by method
CN115256575B (en) * 2022-08-01 2023-07-14 久盛地板有限公司 Imitation grain wood based on densification treatment and production method thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01226302A (en) * 1988-03-07 1989-09-11 Daiken Trade & Ind Co Ltd Preparation of lamellar material having improved wooden surface layer
CN1586841A (en) * 2004-08-16 2005-03-02 马小冈 Wood self reinforcing method
CN103481348A (en) * 2013-09-04 2014-01-01 华南农业大学 Integral reinforced solid wood section bar and manufacturing method thereof
CN102626941B (en) * 2011-02-07 2016-03-30 福建秦朝木业科技有限公司 A kind of fast growing wood surface enhanced manufacture method and section bar thereof
CN106217566A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-12-14 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 A kind of timber top layer progressive production method thickened of compression layer

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01226302A (en) * 1988-03-07 1989-09-11 Daiken Trade & Ind Co Ltd Preparation of lamellar material having improved wooden surface layer
CN1586841A (en) * 2004-08-16 2005-03-02 马小冈 Wood self reinforcing method
CN102626941B (en) * 2011-02-07 2016-03-30 福建秦朝木业科技有限公司 A kind of fast growing wood surface enhanced manufacture method and section bar thereof
CN103481348A (en) * 2013-09-04 2014-01-01 华南农业大学 Integral reinforced solid wood section bar and manufacturing method thereof
CN106217566A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-12-14 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 A kind of timber top layer progressive production method thickened of compression layer

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