CN107317118B - Novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate - Google Patents
Novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107317118B CN107317118B CN201710363787.1A CN201710363787A CN107317118B CN 107317118 B CN107317118 B CN 107317118B CN 201710363787 A CN201710363787 A CN 201710363787A CN 107317118 B CN107317118 B CN 107317118B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/18—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures comprising plurality of mutually inclined plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate. The antenna is placed in front of the V-shaped antenna reflecting plate, and signals are reflected by the antenna reflecting plate to improve the signal gain received by the antenna; the antenna reflecting plate is mainly formed by combining and arranging a plurality of tunable structure unit arrays, each tunable structure unit is mainly composed of five layers of a square metal copper sheet, a dielectric plate, a dielectric film, a dielectric plate and a ground plate which are sequentially stacked up and down, the dielectric films of the two dielectric plates are replaceable dielectric film layers used for fine tuning of working frequency, the square metal copper sheet faces towards the antenna, and the ground plate faces away from the antenna. The invention can improve the gain of the wireless communication antenna and the directivity of the antenna, has the characteristics of low cost and simple structure, and can be widely applied to indoor and outdoor wireless communication antenna equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an antenna reflecting plate, in particular to a novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication, antennas are used as carriers for transmitting and receiving signals, and have important applications in wireless communication. With the continuous improvement of the performance of wireless communication systems, the communication industry has put forward a series of requirements on antenna design, such as high gain, miniaturization and low cost. The performance of the existing antenna is improved by using low-cost components, so that the antenna has a strong practical significance.
In recent years, in order to improve the performance of the existing antenna, researchers introduce some new electromagnetic structures into the antenna, such as an electromagnetic band gap structure of a high-impedance surface, a left-handed material structure, and the like. The new structures have the characteristics of periodic electromagnetic structures, and can be used for improving the gain of the antenna, removing mutual coupling, realizing the miniaturization of the antenna, reducing the section of the antenna and the like.
Many wireless communication devices in daily use, such as home routers and the like, use monopole antennas as wireless signal transceiving antennas. Monopole antennas are characterized by omni-directionality. However, in practice, some directions require high gain, while the other directions do not. In response to this requirement, the monopole antenna cannot meet the requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the background art, and to improve the gain in a certain direction and control the cost, the invention aims to provide a novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the antenna is placed in front of the V-shaped antenna reflecting plate, and signals are reflected by the antenna reflecting plate to improve the signal gain received by the antenna.
The two antenna reflection plates are arranged in a V shape with an angle close to 90 degrees.
The antenna reflecting plate is mainly formed by combining and arranging a plurality of tunable structure unit arrays, each tunable structure unit mainly comprises five layers of a square metal copper sheet, a dielectric plate, a dielectric film, a dielectric plate and a ground plate which are sequentially stacked up and down, the dielectric films of the two layers of dielectric plates are replaceable dielectric film layers for fine adjustment of working frequency, the square metal copper sheet faces towards the antenna, the ground plate faces away from the antenna, and the five layers are fixedly connected through plastic screws penetrating through the center. The five-layer structure is the same size and each cell formed has a length less than 1/4 operating wavelengths.
The thickness of the dielectric film is adjustable.
The dielectric film is made of a high dielectric constant material with a dielectric constant larger than 2.
The grounding plate is made of copper.
The medium plate adopts common medium materials, such as FR-4.
The antenna is arranged between the two antenna reflection plates after being arranged in a V shape.
The tunable structural units in the antenna reflecting plate are arranged in an array along the upper, lower, left and right directions in an equal period continuation mode to form the high-gain antenna reflecting plate with flexible size.
The invention is a plane plate composed of a plurality of tunable structure units, and two plane plates are placed behind an antenna in a V shape and used for reflecting antenna signals and improving the signal gain in front of the antenna. Each tunable structure unit can be equivalent to a capacitor by utilizing the electric field distribution caused by adjacent metal patches, a short-circuit transmission line can be equivalent between the dielectric plate and the grounding plate, the metal patches and the rest part can be regarded as an inductor, so that a resonant circuit is formed, and the surface impedance approaches infinity at the frequency point, so that a high-impedance surface is formed. The reflecting plate near the resonance point is used for presenting the property of a magnetic conductor, and the monopole antenna is placed on the reflecting plate, so that the reflection superposition of the antenna current can be realized, and meanwhile, the radiation efficiency of the antenna cannot be obviously reduced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention realizes the gain improvement on the basis of not changing the structure of the prior antenna, can reach 5-6db, widens the practical application occasions of the antenna, and can adjust the impedance matching of the prior antenna by replacing dielectric films with different thicknesses according to the practical working condition of the prior antenna so as to realize the maximization of the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an example of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the tunable resonant structural unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a simulation diagram of the influence of the installation of the antenna reflector plate on the S parameter of the antenna.
Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the effect of mounting an antenna reflection plate on the antenna gain.
In the figure: 1. the antenna comprises an antenna reflecting plate, 2 an adjustable resonance structure unit, 3 an antenna, 4 a square metal copper sheet, 5 a dielectric plate, 6 a dielectric film, 7 a grounding plate and 8 a fixed plastic screw.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention mainly comprises two antenna reflection plates 1 placed in a V-shape and an antenna 3 placed in front of the two antenna reflection plates 1, wherein the antenna 3 is placed in front of the V-shaped antenna reflection plate, and the antenna reflection plate 1 reflects signals to improve the signal gain received by the antenna 3.
The antenna reflecting plate 1 is mainly formed by arranging a plurality of tunable structure units 2 in an equal-period extension array along the up-down and left-right directions, as shown in fig. 2, each tunable structure unit 2 is mainly composed of five layers of a square metal copper sheet 4, a dielectric plate 5, a dielectric film 6, a dielectric plate 5 and a ground plate 7 which are sequentially arranged in an up-down and stacked mode, the dielectric film 6 of the two layers of dielectric plates 5 is a replaceable dielectric film layer used for fine adjustment of working frequency, the square metal copper sheet 4 faces towards the antenna 3, the ground plate 7 faces away from the antenna 3, and the five layers are fixedly connected through a plastic screw 8 penetrating through the center.
The antenna reflecting plate 1 is of a square structure, a layer of square metal copper sheet 4 is arranged on the top, two layers of dielectric plates 5 are arranged below the metal copper sheet, the dielectric film 6 is positioned between the two layers of dielectric plates and is a dielectric film 6 with high dielectric constant, the distance between the two layers of dielectric films 5 is adjustable, and the thickness of the dielectric film 6 is adjustable. Below the dielectric plate 5 is a layer of ground plate 7, whose length and width dimensions correspond to those of the unit, and in the center of the tunable resonant structure unit 2 is a plastic screw 8 for fixing.
An example of the tunable high-gain antenna reflection plate implemented by the present invention is shown in fig. 1, a plurality of adjustable resonance units 2 are used to form a plane plate 1, each reflection plate has 3 adjustable resonance structure units 2 in the transverse direction, 6 adjustable resonance structure units 2 in the longitudinal direction, the plane plate has a length of 120mm, a width of 60mm, a thickness of 3.6mm, two plane plates are placed in a 1V shape, and an included angle between the plane plates 1 is 90 °. A2.4 GHz monopole antenna 3 is placed in the center of the V shape, and the plane plate 1 is tightly attached to the antenna 3.
An example of the tunable resonant structure unit 2 provided by the invention is shown in fig. 2, the top layer is a square metal patch 4, the middle layer 5 is two FR-4 dielectric plates, the two dielectric plates 5 sandwich a teflon dielectric film 6, and the bottom layer is a ground plate 7 with the same length and width as the resonant unit 2. The length and the width of each adjustable resonance structure unit 2 are both 20mm, the top layer is a square metal copper sheet 4, the thickness is 0.018mm, the length and the width are both 19.5mm, and the copper sheet 4 is located in the center of the adjustable resonance structure unit 2. The middle layer 5 is two FR-4 dielectric plates, the length and width dimensions of which are both 20mm, the relative dielectric constant is 4.6, the loss tangent angle is 0.025, and the relative magnetic permeability is 1. The thickness of the FR-4 dielectric board 5 close to the metal copper sheet 4 is 1.5mm, the thickness of the other FR-4 dielectric board 5 is 2mm, a Teflon dielectric film 6 is arranged between the two dielectric boards 5, the length and width dimensions are both 20mm, the relative dielectric constant is 2.1, the loss tangent angle is 0.0002, and the relative magnetic permeability is 1. The thickness of the dielectric film 6 is 0.1 mm. The bottom layer is a grounding plate 7 made of copper, the thickness is 0.018mm, and the length and the width are 20 mm.
When electromagnetic wave is incident to the tunable high-gain antenna reflection plate, the size of the upper patch unit is far smaller than the wavelength, so that the structure can be equivalent to an L C resonance loop, at the moment, the electric field distribution of the adjacent metal patch units can be equivalent to a capacitor, the dielectric plate and the grounding plate can be equivalent to a short-circuit transmission line with the length of h, namely the thickness of the dielectric plate, the metal patch and the dielectric layer can be considered to be related to an inductorsCan be expressed as:
where j denotes the imaginary symbol, ω denotes the frequency, C denotes the capacitance, LhRepresenting the inductance due to the dielectric thickness.
At this time, the resonant frequency is
At this frequency, the surface impedance approaches infinity, forming a high impedance surface, exhibiting magnetic conductor properties. And the equivalent inductance is related to the thickness of the dielectric layer. Through the transmission line theory, the method can learn
Wherein, XLDenotes the inductive reactance, μ0Which represents the magnetic permeability of the material,0which represents the dielectric constant of a vacuum,rdenotes the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric material, and h denotes the thickness of the dielectric material.
Assuming h ^ lambdad，λdIs the wavelength in the medium, can be approximated
Lh＝μ0h
The adjustable resonance structure unit 2 designed by the invention adjusts the thickness h of the whole dielectric layer by adjusting the thickness of the medium film 6 with high dielectric constant in the two dielectric plates 5, so as to adjust the equivalent inductance value and finally achieve the aim of adjusting the resonance frequency.
The effect of the tunable high-gain antenna reflector plate in the example is remarkable, fig. 3 is a simulation schematic diagram of the influence of the installation of the antenna reflector plate on the S parameter of the antenna, the dotted line in the diagram is the S parameter of the antenna when the antenna is not installed, and the fact shows that the working frequency point of the antenna is 2.4 GHz; the solid line is the S parameter of the antenna after the antenna reflection plate is installed, which indicates that the working frequency point of the antenna is still 2.4GHz after the reflection plate is installed, and the impedance matching of the antenna at 2.4GHz has little influence. Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram showing the effect of the installation of the antenna reflection plate on the antenna gain, in which the dotted line shows the far field gain of the antenna when the antenna reflection plate is not installed, and the gain is 2dB, and the solid line shows the far field gain after the installation of the antenna reflection plate, and the antenna gain is 7dB in the direction of 0 °, i.e., the direction in which the reflection plate points. Simulation shows that the impedance matching of the monopole antenna is hardly affected near 2.4GHz, and the gain is improved by 5 dB. The purpose of improving the gain is achieved.
The working frequency of the invention is 2.4GHz, and if the invention needs to work at other frequencies, the size of the adjustable resonance structure unit needs to be adjusted according to the working frequency.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments at 2.4GHz, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the above-described exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate is characterized in that: the antenna comprises two antenna reflecting plates (1), an antenna (3) and a control circuit, wherein the two antenna reflecting plates (1) are arranged in a V shape, the antenna (3) is arranged in front of the two antenna reflecting plates (1), and the antenna reflecting plates (1) reflect signals to improve the signal gain received by the antenna (3);
the antenna reflecting plate (1) is formed by combining and arranging a plurality of tunable structure units (2) in an array mode, each tunable structure unit (2) is composed of five layers, namely a square metal copper sheet (4), a dielectric plate (5), a dielectric film (6), a dielectric plate (5) and a ground plate (7), which are sequentially arranged in an up-down stacking mode, the dielectric film (6) between the two layers of dielectric plates (5) can achieve fine adjustment of working frequency by replacing the dielectric films (6) with different thicknesses, the square metal copper sheet (4) faces towards the antenna (3), the ground plate (7) faces away from the antenna (3), and the five layers are fixedly connected through a plastic screw (8) penetrating through the center;
the dielectric film (6) is made of a high-dielectric-constant material with a dielectric constant larger than 2.
2. The novel tunable high-gain antenna reflection plate of claim 1, wherein: the two antenna reflection plates (1) are arranged in a V shape with an angle close to 90 degrees.
3. The novel tunable high-gain antenna reflection plate of claim 1, wherein: the grounding plate (7) is made of copper.
4. The novel tunable high-gain antenna reflector plate of claim 1, wherein: the antenna (3) is arranged between the two antenna reflecting plates (1) after being arranged in a V shape.
5. The novel tunable high-gain antenna reflector plate of claim 1, wherein: the tunable structural units (2) in the antenna reflecting plate (1) are arranged in an array along the upper, lower, left and right directions at equal periods.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710363787.1A CN107317118B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate |
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| CN201710363787.1A CN107317118B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Novel tunable high-gain antenna reflecting plate |
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| CN107317118A CN107317118A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
| CN107317118B true CN107317118B (en) | 2020-07-10 |
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| JP7109016B2 (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2022-07-29 | 国立大学法人富山大学 | antenna device |
| CN111244620B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-06-29 | 上海交通大学 | Wave beam scanning antenna array based on liquid crystal high-resistance surface |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103401048A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-11-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Mixed unit frequency selecting surface |
| CN106654526A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Lower-specific absorption rate circular polarization conformable antenna and manufacturing method |
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| CN201466218U (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2010-05-12 | 重庆金美通信有限责任公司 | Double-band corner reflector antenna |
| CN105006652B (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2018-04-17 | 西安电子科技大学 | Directional diagram reconstructable aerial based on graphene composite structure frequency-selective surfaces |
| CN106684539A (en) * | 2015-11-08 | 2017-05-17 | 重庆市鹏程印务有限公司 | Printed bow-tie-type dipole-array corner reflection antenna |
| CN206163689U (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-05-10 | 东莞前沿技术研究院 | Antenna and antenna system |
| CN106785405A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of low section dual polarization dipole subbase station antenna of loading AMC reflecting plates |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103401048A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-11-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Mixed unit frequency selecting surface |
| CN106654526A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Lower-specific absorption rate circular polarization conformable antenna and manufacturing method |
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