CN107317044A - A kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle - Google Patents

A kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107317044A
CN107317044A CN201710463309.8A CN201710463309A CN107317044A CN 107317044 A CN107317044 A CN 107317044A CN 201710463309 A CN201710463309 A CN 201710463309A CN 107317044 A CN107317044 A CN 107317044A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel
control valve
flow control
reformer
solid
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CN201710463309.8A
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CN107317044B (en
Inventor
刘毅辉
童欣
杨胜兵
周锋
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746Pressure; Flow
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle, including controller, air blower, water tank, fuel storage tank, air flow control valve, fuel flow control valve, gas flow control valve, water pump, condenser, steam gasification device, reformer, heat exchanger, combustion chamber, solid-oxide fuel cell stack and temperature detecting unit;The distance increasing unit is generated electricity to charging on-vehicle battery by SOFC, the dependence to fossil fuel is broken away from, reduce use cost, it is ensured that the work of reformer and solid-oxide fuel cell stack all the time efficiently, stable, be effectively improved the endurance of electric automobile.

Description

A kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle
Technical field
The invention belongs to new-energy automobile field, and in particular to a kind of SOFC electric automobile increases journey Device.
Background technology
Current electric automobile has that course continuation mileage is short, the charging interval leads to not extensive popularization.Distance increasing unit It is the auxiliary generating unit of power system of electric automobile, is mainly made up of at present engine, generator and controller, by controller Engine operating is controlled to drive generator operation, the electric energy sent using generator is to charging on-vehicle battery.
SOFC is a kind of energy conversion device of cleaning, and it be able to will be stored in using electrochemical reaction Chemical energy in hydrocarbon fuel is efficiently converted into electric energy, and simultaneous reactions product is mainly water, pollution-free.Elemental solid oxide The operating voltage of fuel cell is 0.6~0.9V, can meet different by the cell of series, parallel varying number Power demand, the research of SOFC is started from the 1980s, by 30 years of researches, progressively real Now from laboratory to the transformation of industrialization.1987, Westinghouse Electric Corp. was respectively pacified in Tokyo, Osaka Gas Company 3KW grades of tubular solid oxide fuel cell generating sets have been filled, and successfully operation is up to 5000h;, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd in 2001 With power exploi-tation Co., Ltd. joint development successfully 10KW grades of pressurization tubular type solid oxide fuel battery systems, and continuously running More than 755h;New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) develops the first commercialized solid in the whole world for 2011 Oxide fuel cell cogeneration system (ENE-FARM type S), power output is 700W, and comprehensive energy efficiency high reaches 90%.The business of SOFC turns to it and provides technical support applied to new-energy automobile field, but solid Oxide body fuel cell needs hydrogen-rich gaseous mixture and higher temperature to be just converted into electric energy.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle, the distance increasing unit passes through solid Oxide body fuel cell power generation has broken away from the dependence to fossil fuel, has reduced use cost to charging on-vehicle battery, it is ensured that The work of reformer and solid-oxide fuel cell stack all the time efficiently, stable, is effectively improved the continuation of the journey of electric automobile Ability.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle, including air blower, water tank, for storing hydrocarbonization Fuel storage tank, temperature detecting unit and the controller of compound;Water tank successively with water pump, the heating passage of steam gasification device Connected with the aqueous vapor entrance of reformer, the outlet of fuel storage tank is divided into two-way by fuel flow control valve, all the way with reformation The fuel inlet connection of device, the fuel inlet of another road and combustion chamber are connected, and the outlet of air blower passes through air flow control valve It is divided into two-way, passes through the cathode gas inlet connection of heat exchanger and solid-oxide fuel cell stack, another road and burning all the way The air intake connection of room, the fuel outlet of reformer is entered by the anodic gas of heat exchanger and solid-oxide fuel cell stack Mouth connection, solid-oxide fuel cell stack is connected with on-vehicle battery, the negative electrode gas outlet of solid-oxide fuel cell stack It is connected respectively with the air intake and fuel inlet of combustion chamber with anode fuel gas outlet, the outlet of combustion chamber passes through gas flow control Valve processed is divided into two-way, enters all the way by fuel gas inlet connection, combustion gas of another road directly with reformer of heat exchanger and reformer Mouth connection, the fuel outlet of reformer is connected by the cooling passage of steam gasification device with condenser, temperature detecting unit point Be not connected with reformer and solid-oxide fuel cell stack, controller respectively with temperature detecting unit, entire car controller, air blast Machine, water pump, fuel flow control valve, gas flow control valve and the connection of air flow control valve, combustion chamber is located at solid oxidation Near thing fuel cell pack.
Further, fuel flow control valve, gas flow control valve and air flow control valve are that distributing T-pipe is adjusted Save valve.
Further, when needing solid-oxide fuel cell stack operating temperature to raise, controller increase fuel flow rate The branch road and air flow control valve and the branch of the air intake of combustion chamber connection of the fuel inlet connection of control valve and combustion chamber The aperture on road, when need solid-oxide fuel cell stack operating temperature reduce when, controller reduce fuel flow control valve with The branch road of the fuel inlet connection of combustion chamber and the aperture of air flow control valve and the branch road of the air intake of combustion chamber connection, When needing the operating temperature rise of regulation reformer, controller increases fuel gas inlet of the gas flow control valve directly with reformer The aperture of the branch road of connection, when needing the operating temperature reduction of regulation reformer, it is direct that controller reduces gas flow control valve The aperture for the branch road being connected with the fuel gas inlet of reformer.
Further, solid-oxide fuel cell stack uses flat loop configuration, and combustion chamber is located at loop configuration Middle part.
Further, solid-oxide fuel cell stack includes negative electrode, anode, the electrolyte between negative electrode and anode And the metal connector on negative electrode and anode is located at, metal connector both sides are machined with helical form air drain, and air and fuel exist Entered in helical form air drain by interior survey, discharged from outside.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the distance increasing unit is generated electricity to charging on-vehicle battery by SOFC, fuel can be used can be again Hydrocarbon that is raw, easily storing, has broken away from the dependence to fossil fuel, has reduced use cost.The distance increasing unit is by coordinating The assignment of traffic of fuel flow control valve, air flow control valve and gas flow control valve is controlled, can be controlled in combustion chamber Burning severe degree, flow through heat exchanger high-temperature fuel gas flow, flow through the temperature of reformer combustion gas, and then effectively controlling solid oxidation Thing fuel cell pack and reformer temperature, it is ensured that the work of reformer and solid-oxide fuel cell stack all the time efficiently, stable Make, be effectively improved the endurance of electric automobile.
2. use distributing T-pipe regulating valve can be with the stream of two export branch roads in the pipeline of easy adjustment One In and Two Out structure Amount distribution, simple in construction, easy to operate, cost is low.
3. combustion chamber is located at the middle part of the solid-oxide fuel cell stack of loop configuration, can be at utmost to solid oxygen Compound fuel cell pack radiant heat.
4. the reaction time can be extended using helical form air drain, generating efficiency is improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the airflow pattern of solid-oxide fuel cell stack in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:1- water tanks;2- fuel storage tanks;3- air blowers;4- water pumps;5- fuel flow control valves;6- vapor Vaporizer;7- reformers;8- heat exchangers;9- gas flow control valves;10- solid-oxide fuel cell stacks;11- combustion chambers; 12- on-vehicle batteries;13- condensers;14- temperature detecting units;15- controllers;16- entire car controllers;17- air flow control Valve.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle, including air blower 3, water tank 1, use In fuel storage tank 2, temperature detecting unit 14 and the controller 15 of storage hydrocarbon (methane, ethanol etc.);Water tank 1 according to The secondary aqueous vapor entrance with water pump 4, the heating passage of steam gasification device and reformer 7 is connected, and the outlet of fuel storage tank 2 passes through 5 points of fuel flow control valve is two-way, is connected all the way with the fuel inlet of reformer 7, the fuel of another road and combustion chamber 11 enters Mouthful connection, 17 points by air flow control valve of the outlet of air blower 3 is two-way, passes through heat exchanger 8 and soild oxide all the way The cathode gas inlet connection of fuel cell pack 10, another road are connected with the air intake of combustion chamber 11, and the fuel of reformer 7 goes out Mouth is connected by heat exchanger 8 with the anodic gas entrance of solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10, solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 are connected with on-vehicle battery 12, the outlet of the negative electrode gas outlet and anode fuel gas of solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 respectively with combustion Air intake and the fuel inlet connection of room 11 are burnt, 9 points by gas flow control valve of the outlet of combustion chamber 11 is two-way, all the way It is connected by heat exchanger 8 with the fuel gas inlet of reformer 7, fuel gas inlet of another road directly with reformer 7 is connected, reformer 7 Gas outlet be connected by the cooling passage of steam gasification device with condenser 13, temperature detecting unit 14 respectively with reformer 7 and solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 connect, controller 15 respectively with temperature detecting unit 14, entire car controller 16, air blast Machine 3, water pump 4, fuel flow control valve 5, gas flow control valve 9 and air flow control valve 17 are connected, and combustion chamber 11 is located at Near solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10.
When controller 15, which detects the dump energy of on-vehicle battery 12, is up to charging threshold, if now temperature detection Unit 14 detects solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10, the temperature of reformer 7 for room temperature (being not suitable for work), and controller 15 is controlled The assignment of traffic of fuel flow control valve 5, air flow control valve 17 and gas flow control valve 9, makes the igniting of combustion chamber 11 System works, and fuel and air are directly sent to burning in combustion chamber 11, and burning releases substantial amounts of heat and produces high-temperature fuel gas, combustion Burn the steep temperature rise of room 11 and then raise the temperature of solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 of encirclement combustion chamber 11, while high-temperature fuel gas Flowing through reformer 7 and steam gasification device 6 raises reformer 7 and the temperature of steam gasification device 6, when temperature detecting unit 14 is examined Measure reformer 7 and when cell stack temperature reaches operating temperature, the control water pump 4 of controller 15 is operated, and controls fuel flow rate control The assignment of traffic of valve 5 processed, air flow control valve 17 and gas flow control valve 9, makes most of fuel be reformed instead through reformer 7 Together solid-oxide fuel cell stack should be sent into hydrogen-rich mixed gas, and with most of air after the heating of heat exchanger 8 10 generation electrochemical reactions generate electricity and then charged to on-vehicle battery 12, and the tail gas of solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 is in combustion chamber Burnt in 11 and high-temperature fuel gas is largely transported to the gas pipeline of heat exchanger 8, when controller 15 detects the electricity of on-vehicle battery 12 When amount is filled with, switch off the pump 4, fuel flow control valve 5, air flow control valve 17 and gas flow control valve 9 are controlled With the ignition system of combustion chamber 11.
The distance increasing unit is generated electricity by SOFC to charge to on-vehicle battery 12, and fuel can be used can be again Hydrocarbon that is raw, easily storing, has broken away from the dependence to fossil fuel, has reduced use cost.The distance increasing unit is by coordinating The assignment of traffic of fuel flow control valve 5, air flow control valve 17 and gas flow control valve 9 is controlled, burning can be controlled Burning severe degree, the temperature for flowing through the high-temperature fuel gas flow of heat exchanger 8, flowing through the combustion gas of reformer 7 in room 11, and then effectively control Solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 and the temperature of reformer 7, it is ensured that reformer 7 and solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 are all the time Efficiently, stable work, is effectively improved the endurance of electric automobile.
As shown in Fig. 2 in the present embodiment, fuel flow control valve 5, gas flow control valve 9 and air flow control Valve 17 is distributing T-pipe regulating valve.Use distributing T-pipe regulating valve can be with two in the pipeline of easy adjustment One In and Two Out structure The assignment of traffic of export branch road, simple in construction, easy to operate, cost is low.
When needing the operating temperature of solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 to raise, the increase fuel flow control valve of controller 15 What the 5 branch road C being connected with the fuel inlet of combustion chamber 11 and air flow control valve 17 were connected with the air intake of combustion chamber 11 Branch road C aperture, when needing the operating temperature of solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 to reduce, controller 15 reduces fuel flow rate control The branch road C and air flow control valve 17 that valve 5 processed is connected with the fuel inlet of combustion chamber 11 and the air intake of combustion chamber 11 connect The branch road C connect aperture, when needing the operating temperature rise of regulation reformer 7, the increase gas flow control valve 9 of controller 15 is straight The aperture for the branch road C being connected with the fuel gas inlet of reformer 7 is connect, when needing the operating temperature reduction of regulation reformer 7, controller The aperture for the branch road C that 15 reduction gas flow control valves 9 are directly connected with the fuel gas inlet of reformer 7.
As shown in figure 1, in the present embodiment, solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 uses flat loop configuration, burning Room 11 is located at the middle part of loop configuration.Combustion chamber 11 is located at the middle part of the solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 of loop configuration, energy Enough at utmost to the radiant heat of solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10.
As shown in figure 1, in the present embodiment, solid-oxide fuel cell stack 10 includes negative electrode, anode, positioned at negative electrode and Electrolyte between anode and the metal connector being located on negative electrode and anode, metal connector both sides are machined with helical form gas Groove, air and fuel are entered by interior survey in helical form air drain, discharged from outside.When can extend reaction using helical form air drain Between, improve generating efficiency.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted, And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of SOFC range extender of electric vehicle, it is characterised in that:Including air blower, water tank, it is used for Store fuel storage tank, temperature detecting unit and the controller of hydrocarbon;Water tank successively with water pump, steam gasification device Heating passage and reformer the connection of aqueous vapor entrance, the outlet of fuel storage tank is divided into two-way by fuel flow control valve, It is connected all the way with the fuel inlet of reformer, the fuel inlet of another road and combustion chamber is connected, the outlet of air blower passes through air Flow control valve is divided into two-way, is connected, separately by the cathode gas inlet of heat exchanger and solid-oxide fuel cell stack all the way It is connected all the way with the air intake of combustion chamber, the fuel outlet of reformer passes through heat exchanger and solid-oxide fuel cell stack Anodic gas entrance is connected, and solid-oxide fuel cell stack is connected with on-vehicle battery, the moon of solid-oxide fuel cell stack Pole gas outlet and anode fuel gas outlet are connected with the air intake and fuel inlet of combustion chamber respectively, and the outlet of combustion chamber passes through Gas flow control valve is divided into two-way, all the way by the fuel gas inlet connection of heat exchanger and reformer, another road directly with reformation The fuel gas inlet connection of device, the fuel outlet of reformer is connected by the cooling passage of steam gasification device with condenser, temperature Detection unit is connected with reformer and solid-oxide fuel cell stack respectively, controller respectively with temperature detecting unit, vehicle Controller, air blower, water pump, fuel flow control valve, gas flow control valve and the connection of air flow control valve, combustion chamber position Near solid-oxide fuel cell stack.
2. SOFC range extender of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fuel flow rate control Valve processed, gas flow control valve and air flow control valve are distributing T-pipe regulating valve.
3. SOFC range extender of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:When needing solid When oxide fuel battery pile operating temperature is raised, the fuel inlet of controller increase fuel flow control valve and combustion chamber is connected Branch road and air flow control valve and the branch road of the air intake of combustion chamber connection aperture, when needing solid oxide fuel When battery pile operating temperature is reduced, controller reduces the branch road and sky of the fuel inlet connection of fuel flow control valve and combustion chamber The aperture of flow control valves and the branch road of the air intake of combustion chamber connection, is raised when needing regulation reformer operating temperature When, the aperture of branch road that controller increase gas flow control valve directly be connected with the fuel gas inlet of reformer, when needing to adjust When reformer operating temperature is reduced, controller reduces the branch road that gas flow control valve is directly connected with the fuel gas inlet of reformer Aperture.
4. SOFC range extender of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Soild oxide Fuel cell pack uses flat loop configuration, and combustion chamber is located at the middle part of loop configuration.
5. SOFC range extender of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:Soild oxide Fuel cell pack includes negative electrode, anode, the electrolyte between negative electrode and anode and the metal being located on negative electrode and anode Connector, metal connector both sides are machined with helical form air drain, and air and fuel are entered, from outer in helical form air drain by interior survey Discharge side.
CN201710463309.8A 2017-06-16 2017-06-16 A kind of solid oxide fuel cell range extender of electric vehicle Active CN107317044B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108987781A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-11 中氢新能技术有限公司 Fuel cell pile method for arranging and fuel cell
CN109273745A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-25 浙江氢谷新能源汽车有限公司 integrated fuel cell device for pure electric vehicle
CN109860660A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-06-07 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 A kind of high-performance solid oxide fuel battery system
WO2020062446A1 (en) * 2018-09-26 2020-04-02 佛山索弗克氢能源有限公司 Sofc battery control device
CN115570993A (en) * 2022-12-08 2023-01-06 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Thermoelectric coupling range extender for vehicle fuel cell, vehicle and method

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CN106740821A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-31 丽水博远科技有限公司 A kind of control method and system of hybrid power new-energy automobile
US20180159155A1 (en) * 2015-06-12 2018-06-07 Oorja Protonics, Inc. Method for measuring and controlling methanol concentration in a methanol fuel cell

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CN102358201A (en) * 2011-08-08 2012-02-22 武汉理工大学 Extended range type electric vehicle power system based on fuel battery and control method for extended range type electric vehicle power system
CN202357902U (en) * 2011-08-08 2012-08-01 武汉理工大学 Electric vehicle power system with fuel cell as vehicle-mounted extended range type charger
JP2015043657A (en) * 2013-08-26 2015-03-05 本田技研工業株式会社 Vehicle guiding device
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108987781A (en) * 2018-08-09 2018-12-11 中氢新能技术有限公司 Fuel cell pile method for arranging and fuel cell
WO2020062446A1 (en) * 2018-09-26 2020-04-02 佛山索弗克氢能源有限公司 Sofc battery control device
CN109273745A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-25 浙江氢谷新能源汽车有限公司 integrated fuel cell device for pure electric vehicle
CN109273745B (en) * 2018-10-29 2024-04-12 浙江氢谷新能源汽车有限公司 Integrated fuel cell device for pure electric automobile
CN109860660A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-06-07 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 A kind of high-performance solid oxide fuel battery system
CN109860660B (en) * 2019-01-28 2021-11-09 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 High-efficiency solid oxide fuel cell system
CN115570993A (en) * 2022-12-08 2023-01-06 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Thermoelectric coupling range extender for vehicle fuel cell, vehicle and method

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