CN107316792B - Electronic transceiver - Google Patents
Electronic transceiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN107316792B CN107316792B CN201710698619.8A CN201710698619A CN107316792B CN 107316792 B CN107316792 B CN 107316792B CN 201710698619 A CN201710698619 A CN 201710698619A CN 107316792 B CN107316792 B CN 107316792B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/027—Collectors
- H01J23/033—Collector cooling devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
- H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
- H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
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- Microwave Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
An electronic transceiver according to the present invention includes an electron emission assembly and a collector assembly, the electron emission assembly including: and a cathode for emitting electrons, a control electrode part for providing a focusing voltage, and a collector assembly disposed between an electron injection port of the electron emission assembly and a high frequency interaction circuit of the linear microwave injection tube, the collector assembly including a receiving electrode serving as an anode of the electron emission assembly when the electron transceiver is operated in an emission state. The electronic transceiver of the invention can enable the linear beam microwave tube to have the capability of emitting the bi-directional electron beam and also have the capability of receiving the electron beam bi-directionally.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a component of a microwave device, in particular to a component of a linear microwave injection tube.
Background
A conventional linear beam tube, such as a klystron tube, a traveling wave tube, is composed of an electron gun, a high frequency circuit, and a collector, wherein the electron gun has a function of emitting electron beam; the high-frequency circuit has a function of giving energy carried by the electron beam to a high-frequency field; the collector has a function of collecting electron beam. In the development of a new generation of linear beam microwave tube, the electron gun and the collector in the traditional sense cannot be used, and the electron beam emission end of the linear beam microwave tube is required to have the electron beam emission capability and the electron beam receiving capability, so how to develop an electronic device with the electron beam emission capability and the electron beam receiving capability simultaneously becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, the present invention provides an electronic transceiver to solve the foregoing problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an electronic transceiver comprising an electron emission component and a collector component; the electron emission assembly includes: a cathode for emitting electrons and a control electrode part for providing a focusing voltage; the collector assembly is arranged between an electron injection port of the electron emission assembly and a high-frequency interaction circuit of the linear microwave injection tube, and comprises a receiving electrode which is used as an anode of the electron emission assembly when the electronic transceiver works in an emission state; the control electrode component utilizes the electron optical convex lens principle to restrict the electron movement track so as to enable the electron movement track to be converged into a beam; the anode accelerates or decelerates the electron beam, and simultaneously, the electron motion trail is restrained by utilizing the electron optical concave lens principle, so that the electron beam is diverged, the electron beam injection range is increased, and the laminar flow of the electron beam is improved; the receiving electrode accelerates or decelerates the electron beam, and at the same time, further utilizes the electron optical concave lens principle to correct the motion track of the electron beam, increase the electron beam injection range and improve the laminar property of the electron beam.
In the working process, a large amount of heat is generated on the electronic receiver, according to different kinds of linear microwave injection pipes, a few watts to a few kilowatts of heat is generated, if the electronic transceiver is applied to an ultra-high power linear microwave injection pipe, even a gigawatt level of heat can be generated, as the electronic receiver is arranged between the electronic transmitter and the high-frequency circuit, the distance between the cathode electron emission surface of the electronic transmitter of the electronic transceiver and the high-frequency circuit is directly increased, the electron injection range is at least more than 2 times that of a common linear microwave injection pipe electron gun, and the electronic receiver has a certain effective length to dissipate heat, so that the electronic receiver can work normally in the linear microwave injection pipe.
The aperture of the electron beam channel of the electron transceiver, which is very close to the electron beam outlet end of the electron emission component, is smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode.
And the caliber of an electron beam channel of the electronic transceiver, which is close to one end of the high-frequency interaction circuit of the linear microwave injection tube, is smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode.
The electronic transceiver further comprises a collector outer sleeve, a lead assembly and a ceramic ring arranged between the collector outer sleeve and the receiving electrode, wherein the ceramic ring is sealed outside the receiving electrode, the collector outer sleeve is sealed outside the ceramic ring, and the lead assembly passes through the ceramic ring and the collector outer sleeve to be electrically connected with the receiving electrode; the electron emission component further comprises an external heat shield cylinder, an internal heat shield cylinder, a control electrode bracket, a connecting cylinder, a cathode bracket, a lead cylinder, a cathode lead, a first ceramic ring, a second ceramic ring, a third ceramic ring and an emitter outer sleeve; the cathode lead is led out from the cathode, the lead tube is sealed outside the cathode lead-out end, the first ceramic ring is sealed outside the lead tube, the cathode support is sealed outside the first ceramic ring, the second ceramic ring is sealed outside the cathode support, the connecting tube is sealed outside the second ceramic ring, the control electrode component is arranged at the outer edge of the cathode emission end, the control electrode support is electrically connected with the connecting tube and the control electrode component and is sealed outside the connecting tube and the control electrode component, the control electrode support is sealed outside a third ceramic ring, and the outer part of the third ceramic ring is sealed outside the collector outer sleeve.
The control electrode component of the electronic transceiver also comprises a cathode grid component and a control grid component, the control grid component is arranged at the front end part of the electron emission surface of the cathode, the cathode grid assembly is arranged between the electron emission surface of the cathode and the control grid assembly, the control grid assembly comprises a control electrode and a first grid, and the cathode grid assembly comprises a second grid and a grid support;
the electron emission component comprises an outer heat shield cylinder, an inner heat shield cylinder, a transition piece, a control electrode support, a cathode support, a lead cylinder, a sealing cover, a cathode lead, a fifth ceramic ring, a sixth ceramic ring, a seventh ceramic ring, a fourth ceramic ring and an emitter outer sleeve, wherein the fifth ceramic ring is sealed between the lead cylinder and the cathode support, the sixth ceramic ring is sealed between the control electrode support and the cathode support, the seventh ceramic ring is sealed between the control electrode support and the emitter outer sleeve, and the fourth ceramic ring is sealed at the end face of the lead cylinder close to the fifth ceramic ring; the inner heat shield cylinder is sealed outside the cathode, the outer heat shield cylinder is arranged outside the inner heat shield cylinder, the outer heat shield cylinder and the inner heat shield cylinder are sealed together through a transition piece, the outer heat shield cylinder and the cathode grating component are sealed on a cathode support, the cathode support is sealed on a cathode support, a cathode lead is led out from the cathode, one end of the cathode lead opposite to the cathode is sealed on a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is sealed with the lead cylinder; the control grid assembly is sealed and connected to the control electrode bracket.
The collector assembly of the electronic transceiver may include a plurality of receiving poles and lead assemblies corresponding to the number of receiving poles.
The sealing is by welding.
The electronic transceiver is used for a linear microwave injection tube.
The electronic transceiver is characterized in that the linear microwave injection tube is a traveling wave tube or a klystron.
The electronic transceiver in the technical scheme of the invention has the capability of emitting electron beam in the linear microwave injection tube and also has the capability of receiving electron beam. Because the collector component is arranged between the electron emitter and the high-frequency circuit in the linear microwave tube, a large amount of heat is generated on the collector component, according to different types of linear microwave injection tubes, a few watts to a few kilowatts of heat is generated, if the electronic transceiver is applied to the ultra-high-power linear microwave injection tube, even the gigawatts of heat can be generated, the electronic receiver is required to have a certain effective length for heat dissipation, so that the collector component directly increases the distance between the cathode electron emission surface of the electron emitter and the high-frequency circuit, the electron injection range is at least more than 2 times that of a common linear microwave injection tube electron gun, and the linear microwave injection tube using the power station transceiver can be radar, communication and electronic countermeasure equipment, so that the antenna switching system is reduced, the production cost of the information processing equipment is promoted, and the performance is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic transceiver according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electronic transceiver according to a second embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic transceiver according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control gate assembly;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cathode-grid assembly.
In the figure: 1-an electron emission component; 2-a collector assembly; 3-cathode; 4-a control electrode member; 5-an electron injection port; 6-a receiving electrode; 7-electron beam channel caliber; 8-collector outer sleeve; 9-a lead assembly; 10-a ceramic ring; 11-an external heat shield cylinder; 12-an internal heat shield cylinder; 13-a control electrode bracket; 14-connecting cylinder; 15-cathode support; 16-a lead tube; 17-cathode lead; 18-a first ceramic ring; 19-a second ceramic ring; 20-a third ceramic ring; 21-an emitter outer sleeve; 22-a cathode-grid assembly; 23-a control gate assembly; 24-control electrode; 25-a first gate; 26-a second gate; 27-grid support; 28-transition piece, 29-cathode support, 30-sealing cover, 31-fourth ceramic ring, 32-fifth ceramic ring, 33-sixth ceramic ring, 34-seventh ceramic ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below by way of specific examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
example 1
Fig. 1 is an electronic transceiver according to a first embodiment of the present invention, the electronic transceiver including an electron emission assembly and a collector assembly, the electron emission assembly including: a cathode for emitting electrons and a control electrode part for providing a focusing voltage, wherein the collector assembly is arranged between an electron injection port of the electron emission assembly and a high-frequency interaction circuit of the linear microwave injection tube, and comprises a receiving electrode which is used as an anode of the electron emission assembly when the electron transceiver is operated in an emission state. The aperture of an electron beam channel of the collector assembly, which is very close to the electron beam outlet end of the electron emission assembly, is smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode; the aperture of the electron beam channel at one end of the high-frequency interaction circuit, which is very close to the linear microwave injection tube, is also smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode.
The collector assembly further comprises a collector outer sleeve, a lead assembly and a ceramic ring arranged between the collector outer sleeve and the receiving electrode, wherein the ceramic ring is welded outside the receiving electrode, the collector outer sleeve is welded outside the ceramic ring, and the lead assembly passes through the ceramic ring and the collector outer sleeve to be electrically connected with the receiving electrode; the electron emission component also comprises an external heat shield cylinder, an internal heat shield cylinder manufactured by processing tantalum metal materials, a control electrode bracket, a connecting cylinder, a cathode bracket, a lead cylinder, a cathode lead, a first ceramic ring, a second ceramic ring, a third ceramic ring and an emitter outer sleeve; the internal heat shield tube is welded outside the cathode, the external heat shield tube is welded outside the internal heat shield tube, the cathode lead is led out from the cathode, the lead tube is welded outside the cathode lead-out end, the first ceramic ring is welded outside the lead tube, the cathode support is welded outside the first ceramic ring, the second ceramic ring is welded outside the cathode support, the connecting tube is welded outside the second ceramic ring, the control electrode part is arranged at the outer edge of the cathode emission end, the control electrode support is electrically connected with the connecting tube and the control electrode part and sleeved outside the connecting tube and the control electrode part, the control electrode support is welded outside the third ceramic ring, and the third ceramic ring is welded outside the emitter outer sleeve.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electronic transceiver according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the electronic transceiver includes an electron emission component and a collector component, and the electron emission component includes: a cathode emitting electrons and a control electrode providing a focusing voltage; the collector assembly is disposed between the electron injection port of the electron emission assembly and the high frequency interaction circuit of the linear microwave injection tube, and includes 3 receiving poles serving as anodes of the electron emission assembly when the electron transceiver is operated in an emission state. The aperture of an electron beam channel of the collector assembly, which is very close to the electron beam outlet end of the electron emission assembly, is smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode; the aperture of the electron beam channel at one end of the high-frequency interaction circuit, which is very close to the linear microwave injection tube, is also smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode.
The collector assembly further comprises a collector outer sleeve, 3 lead assemblies and a ceramic ring arranged between the collector outer sleeve and the receiving electrode, wherein the ceramic ring is welded outside the receiving electrode, the collector outer sleeve is welded outside the ceramic ring, and the lead assemblies penetrate through the ceramic ring and the collector outer sleeve and are electrically connected with the receiving electrode; the electron emission component further comprises an external heat shield cylinder, an internal heat shield cylinder, a control electrode bracket, a connecting cylinder, a cathode bracket, a lead cylinder, a cathode lead, a first ceramic ring, a second ceramic ring, a third ceramic ring and an emitter outer sleeve; the internal heat shield tube is welded outside the cathode, the external heat shield tube is welded outside the internal heat shield tube, the cathode lead is led out from the cathode, the lead tube is welded outside the cathode lead-out end, the first ceramic ring is welded outside the lead tube, the cathode support is welded outside the first ceramic ring, the second ceramic ring is welded outside the cathode support, the connecting tube is welded outside the second ceramic ring, the control electrode is arranged at the outer edge of the cathode emission end, the control electrode support is electrically connected with the connecting tube and the control electrode part (whether to be electrically connected) and sleeved outside the connecting tube and the control electrode part, the third ceramic ring is welded outside the control electrode support, and the third ceramic ring is welded outside the emitter outer sleeve.
Example III
Fig. 3 is an electronic transceiver according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the electronic transceiver including an electron emission assembly and a collector assembly, the electron emission assembly including: the cathode for emitting electrons and the control electrode component for providing focusing voltage, wherein the control electrode component comprises a control grid component and a cathode grid component, the control grid component is arranged at the front end part of an electron emission surface of the cathode, and the cathode grid component is arranged between the electron emission surface of the cathode and the control grid component. The control grid assembly comprises a control electrode and a first grid electrode, and the cathode grid assembly comprises a second grid electrode and a grid electrode bracket; the collector assembly is disposed between the electron injection port of the electron emission assembly and the high frequency interaction circuit of the linear microwave injection tube, and includes 3 receiving poles serving as anodes of the electron emission assembly when the electron transceiver is operated in an emission state. The aperture of an electron beam channel of the collector assembly, which is very close to the electron beam outlet end of the electron emission assembly, is smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode; the aperture of the electron beam channel at one end of the high-frequency interaction circuit, which is very close to the linear microwave injection tube, is also smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode.
The collector assembly further comprises a collector outer sleeve, 3 lead assemblies and a ceramic ring arranged between the collector outer sleeve and the receiving electrode, wherein the ceramic ring is welded outside the receiving electrode, the collector outer sleeve is welded outside the ceramic ring, and the lead assemblies penetrate through the ceramic ring and the collector outer sleeve and are electrically connected with the receiving electrode; the electron emission component comprises an outer heat shield cylinder, an inner heat shield cylinder, a transition piece, a control electrode support, a cathode support, a lead cylinder, a sealing cover, a cathode lead, a fifth ceramic ring, a sixth ceramic ring, a seventh ceramic ring, a fourth ceramic ring and an emitter outer sleeve, wherein the fifth ceramic ring is sealed between the lead cylinder and the cathode support, the sixth ceramic ring is sealed between the control electrode support and the cathode support, the seventh ceramic ring is sealed between the control electrode support and the outer sleeve, and the fourth ceramic ring is sealed at the end face of the lead cylinder close to the fifth ceramic ring; the inner heat shield cylinder is sealed outside the cathode, the outer heat shield cylinder is arranged outside the inner heat shield cylinder, the outer heat shield cylinder and the inner heat shield cylinder are sealed together through a transition piece, the outer heat shield cylinder and the cathode grating component are sealed on a cathode support, the cathode support is sealed on a cathode support, a cathode lead is led out from the cathode, one end of the cathode lead opposite to the cathode is sealed on a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is sealed with the lead cylinder; the control grid assembly is sealed and connected to the control electrode bracket.
The electronic transceiver described in the above embodiments of the present invention may be used for a linear beam microwave tube such as a traveling wave tube or a klystron.
The electronic transceiver in the embodiment of the invention has the capability of emitting electron beam in the linear microwave injection tube and also has the capability of receiving the electron beam. Because the collector component is arranged between the electron emitter and the high-frequency circuit in the linear microwave tube, a large amount of heat is generated on the collector component, and according to different types of linear microwave injection tubes, heat of a few watts to a few kilowatts is generated, if the electronic transceiver is applied to the ultra-high-power linear microwave injection tube, even heat of a gigawatt level can be generated, the electronic receiver is required to have a certain effective length for heat dissipation, so that the collector component directly increases the distance between the cathode electron emission surface of the electron emitter and the high-frequency circuit, and the electron injection range is at least more than 2 times that of a common linear microwave injection tube electron gun compared with a common electron gun.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An electronic transceiver comprising an electron emission assembly and a collector assembly, the electron emission assembly comprising: the electron emission device comprises a cathode for emitting electrons and a control electrode component for providing focusing voltage, wherein the collector component is arranged between an electron injection port of the electron emission component and a high-frequency interaction circuit of a linear microwave injection tube, the collector component comprises a plurality of receiving electrodes, the receiving electrodes are used as anodes of the electron emission component when the electron transceiver works in an emission state, and the caliber of an electron injection channel of the receiving electrode near the electron injection port of the electron emission component is smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode; the collector assembly further comprises a collector outer sleeve, lead assemblies corresponding to the number of the receiving poles, and ceramic rings arranged between the collector outer sleeve and the receiving poles, wherein the ceramic rings are sealed outside the receiving poles, the collector outer sleeve is sealed outside the ceramic rings, and a plurality of the lead assemblies are respectively and electrically connected with a plurality of the receiving poles one by one after penetrating through the ceramic rings and the collector outer sleeve; the electron emission component further comprises an external heat shield cylinder, an internal heat shield cylinder, a control electrode bracket, a connecting cylinder, a cathode bracket, a lead cylinder, a cathode lead, a first ceramic ring, a second ceramic ring, a third ceramic ring and an emitter outer sleeve; the cathode lead is led out from the cathode, the lead tube is sealed outside the cathode lead-out end, the first ceramic ring is sealed outside the lead tube, the cathode support is sealed outside the first ceramic ring, the second ceramic ring is sealed outside the cathode support, the connecting tube is sealed outside the second ceramic ring, the control electrode component is arranged at the outer edge of the cathode emission end, the control electrode support is electrically connected with the connecting tube and the control electrode component and is sealed outside the connecting tube and the control electrode component, the control electrode support is sealed outside a third ceramic ring, and the outer part of the third ceramic ring is sealed outside the collector outer sleeve.
2. The electronic transceiver of claim 1, wherein the aperture of the beam channel at the end of the receiver near the high frequency interaction circuit of the linear beam tube is smaller than the aperture of the beam channel at the middle of the receiver.
3. An electronic transceiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sealing is by soldering.
4. An electronic transceiver as claimed in claim 3, wherein the electronic transceiver is for a linear microwave injection tube.
5. An electronic transceiver as claimed in claim 4, wherein the linear microwave injection tube is a travelling wave tube or a klystron tube.
6. An electronic transceiver comprising an electron emission assembly and a collector assembly, the electron emission assembly comprising: the electron emission device comprises a cathode for emitting electrons and a control electrode component for providing focusing voltage, wherein the collector component is arranged between an electron injection port of the electron emission component and a high-frequency interaction circuit of a linear microwave injection tube, the collector component comprises a plurality of receiving electrodes, the receiving electrodes are used as anodes of the electron emission component when the electron transceiver works in an emission state, and the caliber of an electron injection channel of the receiving electrode near the electron injection port of the electron emission component is smaller than that of the middle part of the receiving electrode; the collector assembly further comprises a collector outer sleeve, lead assemblies corresponding to the number of the receiving poles, and ceramic rings arranged between the collector outer sleeve and the receiving poles, wherein the ceramic rings are sealed outside the receiving poles, the collector outer sleeve is sealed outside the ceramic rings, and a plurality of the lead assemblies are respectively and electrically connected with a plurality of the receiving poles one by one after penetrating through the ceramic rings and the collector outer sleeve; the control electrode component further comprises a cathode grid component and a control grid component, the control grid component is arranged at the front end part of the electron emission surface of the cathode, the cathode grid component is arranged between the electron emission surface of the cathode and the control grid component, the control grid component comprises a control electrode and a first grid, and the cathode grid component comprises a second grid and a grid support; the electron emission component comprises an outer heat shield cylinder, an inner heat shield cylinder, a transition piece, a control electrode support, a cathode support, a lead cylinder, a sealing cover, a cathode lead, a fifth ceramic ring, a sixth ceramic ring, a seventh ceramic ring, a fourth ceramic ring and an emitter outer sleeve, wherein the fifth ceramic ring is sealed between the lead cylinder and the cathode support, the sixth ceramic ring is sealed between the control electrode support and the cathode support, the seventh ceramic ring is sealed between the control electrode support and the emitter outer sleeve, and the fourth ceramic ring is sealed at the end face of the lead cylinder close to the fifth ceramic ring; the inner heat shield cylinder is sealed outside the cathode, the outer heat shield cylinder is arranged outside the inner heat shield cylinder, the outer heat shield cylinder and the inner heat shield cylinder are sealed together through a transition piece, the outer heat shield cylinder and the cathode grating component are sealed on a cathode support, the cathode support is sealed on a cathode support, a cathode lead is led out from the cathode, one end of the cathode lead opposite to the cathode is sealed on a sealing cover, and the sealing cover is sealed with the lead cylinder; the control grid assembly is sealed and connected to the control electrode bracket.
7. The electronic transceiver of claim 6, wherein the aperture of the beam channel at the end of the receiver near the high frequency interaction circuit of the linear beam tube is smaller than the aperture of the beam channel at the middle of the receiver.
8. An electronic transceiver as in claim 6, wherein said sealing is by soldering.
9. An electronic transceiver as claimed in claim 8, wherein the electronic transceiver is for a linear microwave injection tube.
10. An electronic transceiver as claimed in claim 9, wherein the linear microwave injection tube is a travelling wave tube or a klystron tube.
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CN201710698619.8A CN107316792B (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | Electronic transceiver |
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CN201710698619.8A CN107316792B (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | Electronic transceiver |
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CN107316792B true CN107316792B (en) | 2023-07-07 |
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CN109698104B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-02-09 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Water-cooled gyrotron control pole |
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CN102208308A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Method for frame mounting of non-intercepting gridded electron gun of klystron |
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CN102683141A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-09-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Integrated traveling-wave tube amplifier |
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