CN107314498A - The efficiency on-line monitoring method and device of a kind of central air conditioner system - Google Patents
The efficiency on-line monitoring method and device of a kind of central air conditioner system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of the efficiency on-line monitoring method and device of central air conditioner system, and the efficiency on-line monitoring method of central air conditioner system includes：According to the electric data of central air conditioner system, based on central air conditioner system energy consumption model, the status of energy consumption of central air conditioner system is obtained；Based on the status of energy consumption of the central air conditioner system, the efficiency situation of central air conditioner system is calculated.The data processing that the present invention passes through the historical operating parameter to central air conditioner system, and simulation modeling is carried out to central air conditioning energy consumption, the electric data of intelligent electric meter acquisition and the incidence relation of central air conditioner system are analyzed again, the real time energy consumption of central air conditioner system and each part is obtained by obtaining electric data in real time, and then central air conditioner system and the efficiency situation of each part can be analyzed.The problem of parameter needed for solving existing ONLINE RECOGNITION central air conditioner system efficiency is numerous and diverse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and heating ventilation air conditioning, in particular to an energy efficiency online monitoring method and device of a central air conditioning system.
Background
With the development of society, the higher the living standard of people, the more energy is consumed. Building is a high-energy-consumption industry, and accounts for 28% of the total social energy consumption. In the energy consumption of buildings, the power consumption of the air conditioner in summer accounts for 30% -40% of the peak load of the power consumption in summer in the middle and large cities, and even accounts for 50% -60% of the power consumption in the extra large cities in the large cities. The air conditioner uses electricity to supply power with a great burden.
The central air conditioner is a complex and large system, and is composed of a plurality of subsystems, wherein each subsystem comprises a plurality of devices and related components. Approximately 90% of the time of the central air conditioner in the public building is operated in the range of 70% of the load rate, wherein 65% of the time is operated under the working condition that the load rate is lower than 50%, and the central air conditioner is operated under the full load condition only for about 1% of the year, and the data on the nameplate cannot reflect the real operation energy efficiency level of the central air conditioner.
The existing central air-conditioning system energy efficiency research is mainly focused on the interior of the central air-conditioning system, the monitoring method is complicated, the required measuring points and measuring parameters are too many, the required measuring points and the required measuring parameters comprise the structural thermal performance of a building, the outdoor temperature, the personnel density, the lighting indexes, a plurality of parameters in the central air-conditioning system and the like, and the measuring parameters can not be measured at the same time. Therefore, the requirement on data is strict and the method is not easy to realize in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to at least partially overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an energy efficiency online monitoring method and device for a central air conditioning system.
According to one aspect of the invention, an energy efficiency online monitoring method of a central air-conditioning system is provided, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system; and S2, calculating the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system.
Wherein S1 includes: s11, acquiring the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system; and S12, acquiring the energy consumption of each subsystem of the central air-conditioning system based on the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system.
Wherein S12 includes: and S121, acquiring a relation curve between the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system and the energy consumption of each subsystem of the central air-conditioning system based on a least square method according to the acquired historical operating parameters of the central air-conditioning system.
Wherein the central air-conditioning system energy consumption model comprises: one or more of a water chilling unit energy consumption model, a cooling tower energy consumption model, a chilled water pump energy consumption model, a cooling water pump energy consumption model, a fan coil energy consumption model, a fresh air unit energy consumption model and a return air fan energy consumption model.
The energy consumption model of the water chilling unit is established in the following mode: calculating the load rate of the water chilling unit based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit and the rated refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit; and establishing a water chilling unit energy consumption model based on the load rate of the water chilling unit, the rated refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the rated performance coefficient of the water chilling unit and the correction coefficient of the actual running energy consumption of the water chilling unit.
And the energy consumption model of the cooling tower is established by acquiring the actual flow of the cooling water pump.
The energy consumption model of the chilled water pump is established in the following way: calculating the flow of the chilled water pump based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the chilled water inlet temperature, the water density, the specific heat capacity of the average value of the chilled water inlet and outlet water temperatures and the chilled water outlet temperature; calculating the lift of the chilled water based on the rated lift of the chilled water, the flow rate of the chilled water and the rated flow of the chilled water; and establishing a frozen water pump energy consumption model based on a flow reserve coefficient, a lift reserve coefficient, the efficiency of a water pump working point, the flow of the frozen water pump and the lift of the frozen water.
The energy consumption model of the cooling water pump is established in the following way: calculating the flow of the cooling water pump based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the temperature of a cooling water inlet, the density of water, the specific heat capacity of the average value of the water temperatures of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet and the temperature of the cooling water outlet; calculating the lift of the cooling water based on the rated lift of the water pump, the flow rate of the cooling water and the rated flow of the water pump; and establishing a frozen water pump energy consumption model based on the flow reserve coefficient, the lift reserve coefficient, the efficiency of the working point of the water pump, the flow of the cooling water pump and the lift of the cooling water.
The fan coil energy consumption model is established in the following mode: acquiring the actual refrigerating capacity of a water chilling unit; and establishing a fan coil energy consumption model based on the correction coefficient of the actual operation energy consumption of the unit and the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy efficiency online monitoring apparatus of a central air conditioning system, comprising: the energy consumption calculation module is used for acquiring the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system; and the energy efficiency calculation module is used for calculating the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system.
The invention provides an energy efficiency online monitoring method and device of a central air-conditioning system. The problem of the current central air conditioning system energy efficiency of on-line recognition required parameter is complicated is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an energy efficiency online monitoring method for a central air-conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an energy efficiency online monitoring device of a central air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an energy efficiency online monitoring method for a central air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s1, acquiring the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system;
and S2, calculating the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system.
Wherein, the electric data of the central air-conditioning system is the data measured by the intelligent ammeter side.
Wherein the electrical data of the central air-conditioning system comprises voltage U, current I and power factorThe power P. The subsystems of the central air-conditioning system comprise a water chilling unit, a cooling tower, a chilled water pump, a cooling water pump, a fan coil, a fresh air unit and a return fan unit.
Wherein, if neglecting the line electric power loss between electric energy meter and the central air conditioning, the total power consumption of central air conditioning system is basically the same with the power value that intelligent electric energy meter surveyed, so the electric data that intelligent electric energy meter side was measured can reflect the energy consumption condition of central air conditioning system, and intelligent electric meter electric energy measurement includes the measurement of active electric energy and electric energy, and wherein the measurement of active electric energy can be described as follows:
wherein: u (t) istA voltage instantaneous value of a time; i (t) is the instantaneous value of the current at time t; u. ofmIs the voltage peak; i.e. imIs the current peak value; u is a voltage effective value; i is the effective value of current;is the voltage current phase difference; ω is the angular frequency.
The average power P over a period is then:
the central air-conditioning system is formed by combining a plurality of levels of subsystems, and each level of subsystem is formed by a plurality of lower levels, so that the current energy utilization situation of the central air-conditioning system can be comprehensively analyzed from the perspective of different levels. The calculation method of the grading energy efficiency index value of the central air-conditioning system is shown in the following formula:
1) refrigerating unit
Energy efficiency ratio COP of water chilling unit
COP is the running efficiency of the water chilling unit, also called the refrigeration coefficient, and is the refrigeration capacity with unit of shaft power, and is calculated according to the following formula:
Wchillere＝P1×Δt
wherein Q is the refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, and the unit is kilowatt-hour; wchillereFor the electricity consumption of the water chilling unit, in kilowatt-hour, to the electric refrigeration water chilling unit, WchillereIs the input electric quantity; to absorption type water chiller, WchillereThe sum of the consumption of the heating source (calculated by low calorific value) and the consumption of the electric power (converted into primary energy); c. CpThe specific heat at constant pressure of cold water is 4.18kJ/(kg. ℃); rho is the density of cold water and has the unit of 1000kg/m3(ii) a G is the flow of chilled water in m3/h； tin,toutThe temperature of inlet and outlet freezing water is measured in units of ℃; delta t is the interval time of data acquisition; p1The energy consumption of the water chilling unit is reduced.
② refrigerating system energy efficiency ratio (EERr)
Wherein, sigma W is the annual power consumption of the main equipment of the refrigeration system (for a water-cooling water chilling unit adopting evaporative cooling, the refrigeration system comprises a water chilling unit, a cooling water pump and a cooling tower; for an air-cooling water chilling unit, the refrigeration system only comprises a refrigeration main machine), and the unit is kilowatt-hour.
When the system adopts a water-cooling water chilling unit and is cooled by an evaporative cooling tower, sigma W is calculated by the following formula:
∑W＝Wchiller+Wcp+Wct
wherein, Wchiller、Wcp、WctThe energy consumption of the water chilling unit, the cooling water pump and the cooling tower is kilowatt-hour.
2) Coefficient of delivery of cooling Water (WTF)cw)
QcwThe condensation heat delivered for cooling water is ∑ WcwpThe unit is kilowatt-hour for the total power consumption of each cooling water pump; c. CpThe specific heat at constant pressure of cold water is 4.18kJ/(kg. ℃); rho is the density of cold water and has the unit of 1000kg/m3；GcwFor cooling water flow, in m3/h； tin,toutThe water temperature at the inlet and outlet of the condenser is measured in degrees centigrade.
3) Chilled water transport coefficient WTFchw
Wherein Q ischwThe unit of heat transferred by the frozen water is kilowatt-hour ∑ WchpThe total power consumption of each freezing water pump is kilowatt-hour; c. CpSpecific heat of water in units of4.18kJ/(kg. ℃ C.); rho water density in 1000kg/m3；GchwTotal flow of chilled water in m3/h；tin,toutThe temperature of the inlet and outlet chilled water is in units of ℃.
4) Central air conditioning system end energy efficiency ratio (EERt):
wherein, EERt is the energy efficiency ratio of the tail end of the central air conditioner; qtThe unit of the cold energy transferred by the air in the wind system is kW, ∑ WtThe total power consumption of various air conditioner terminals (including various air conditioner units, fresh air unit, exhaust unit, fan coil and the like) is in kilowatt-hour.
5) Central air conditioning system Energy Efficiency Ratios (EERs):
EERs evaluate the overall operation efficiency of the central air-conditioning system, and the calculation method is as follows:
wherein, ∑ WiThe annual power consumption of central air-conditioning system equipment (including a water chilling unit, a cooling water pump, a cooling tower, air-conditioning system end equipment and the like) is measured in kilowatt-hour.
Wherein, the coefficient of performance of the refrigeration of the cold and heat source host is the COP value of the unit, and the COP minimum standard is also specified in the public building design energy-saving standard, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 host refrigeration coefficient of performance
Taking the centrifugal rated refrigerating capacity less than 528kW as an example, the calculated current energy efficiency value is greater than 4.4, and the current cold and heat source host is considered to be in a high-efficiency and energy-saving state without being modified; if the calculated current energy efficiency value is equal to or close to 4.4, the cold and heat source host can be considered to be in a relatively energy-saving state, and the operation mode can be adjusted or replaced; if the calculated current energy efficiency value is far lower than 4.4, the cold and heat source host is considered to be in a state of not saving energy, and the energy-saving host needs to be greatly improved in energy conservation and even replaced by energy-saving equipment.
The cold water system and the cooling water system operate according to the energy efficiency ratio standard shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Cooling Water operating energy efficiency ratio Standard
| Design of Cold load CL/kW | Cumulative operating conditions all year round | Typical operating conditions |
| CL≤200 | 18.4 | 22.5 |
| 200<CL≤528 | 20.2 | 24.4 |
| 528<CL≤1163 | 20.5 | 24.7 |
| CL>1163 | 20.7 | 25.1 |
The evaluation method is the same as the standard of the running energy efficiency ratio of the cold and heat source host.
Specifically, the voltage U, the current I and the power factor of the central air-conditioning system are transmitted in real time through the intelligent electric energy meterPower P, reflecting the total input power of the entire central air conditioning system; acquiring the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data; and calculating the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system.
The embodiment provides an energy efficiency online monitoring method of a central air-conditioning system, which analyzes the incidence relation between electric data acquired by an intelligent electric meter and the central air-conditioning system, acquires the energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system and each component in real time by acquiring the electric data in real time, further analyzes the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system and each component, and solves the problem that the existing energy efficiency online identification of the central air-conditioning system is complex in required parameters.
In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, S1 includes:
s11, acquiring the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system;
and S12, acquiring the energy consumption of each subsystem of the central air-conditioning system based on the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system.
In step S11, the total power of the central air conditioning system is substantially the same as the power value measured by the intelligent electric energy meter, and the power of the intelligent electric energy meter and the line loss power are negligible compared with the total power of the central air conditioning system, so that the electric data measured and monitored by the intelligent electric energy meter can reflect the energy consumption condition of the central air conditioning system, and the electric energy metering of the intelligent electric energy meter includes the metering of active electric energy and electric energy, wherein the metering of the active electric energy can be described as follows:
wherein: u (t) is a voltage instantaneous value at the time t; i (t) is the instantaneous value of the current at time t; u. ofmIs the voltage peak; i.e. imIs the current peak value; u is a voltage effective value; i is the effective value of current;is the voltage current phase difference; ω is the angular frequency.
The average power P over a period is then:
specifically, the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system is as follows:
Pgeneral assembly＝P1+P2+P3+P4+P5+P6
Wherein, P1Energy consumption of the water chilling unit; p2Energy consumption of the cooling tower; p3Energy consumption of the chilled water pump; p4Energy consumption of the cooling water pump; p5Energy consumption of the fan coil; p6The energy consumption of the fresh air handling unit and the return air handling unit.
In step S12, energy consumption of each subsystem of the central air-conditioning system is obtained based on the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system. The total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system consists of a water chilling unit, a cooling tower, a chilled water pump, a cooling water pump, a fan coil, a fresh air unit and a return fan unit.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, S12 includes:
and S121, acquiring a relation curve between the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system and the energy consumption of each subsystem of the central air-conditioning system based on a least square method according to the acquired historical operating parameters of the central air-conditioning system.
Wherein the historical operating parameters include electrical data, temperature parameters, and flow parameters; the temperature parameter is measured by a temperature sensor, and the flow parameter is measured by a flow sensor.
In the steady-state operation process of the actual central air-conditioning system, the voltage fluctuation is not large, and the current, the power factor and the total power of the central air-conditioning system are important factors for monitoring the energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system. And (3) realizing curve fitting by adopting a least square method:
data P for total energy consumption of a given group of central air conditioning systemsi(i ═ 0, 1.. times, m), and the energy consumption data P of each subsystem of the air conditioner can be obtained according to the central air-conditioning model established before1i、P2i、P3i、P4i、 P5i、P6i(i＝0,1,...,m)。
Central air conditioning system energy consumption and chiller energy consumption (P) for a given set of datai，P1i) (i ═ 0, 1.. times, m), required in function spaceFind a function y ═ S*(x) To sum the squared errors
Wherein,
to make the problem extraction more general, the least squares method is usually considered as a weighted sum of squares
Wherein, ω (x)i) The weight function is more than or equal to 0, which represents that the proportion of data at different points is different, and the problem of solving a fitting curve by using a least square method is that a function S (x) is solved in a form formula to obtain the minimum value
Minimum point ofThe necessary conditions for obtaining the extreme value of the multivariate function include
It can also be written in matrix form:
Ga＝d
wherein a ═ a0,a1,...,an)T，d＝(d0,d1,...,dn)T
Due to the fact thatThe linearity is not related, so G is not equal to 0 and the equation set has unique solution
The only solution is solved through the equation, so that the fitting function is determined, and because the fitting curve function model is uncertain, a plurality of possible function models need to be analyzed, and the curve fitting model with the minimum error sum of squares is selected. Thereby obtaining the total energy consumption P of the central air-conditioning system and the energy consumption P of the water chilling unit1A relationship curve. Similarly, the energy consumption P is respectively carried out on the subsystems of the central air conditioner2、P3、P4、P5、 P6And performing curve fitting on the total energy consumption P of the central air-conditioning system.
And establishing a relation between the subsystem energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system and the total air-conditioning energy consumption by a least square method to obtain a curve relation. By obtaining the total power of the central air-conditioning system in real time, the power and energy consumption condition of each central air-conditioning subsystem in the current state can be obtained. The energy consumption analysis process of the central air-conditioning subsystem can be greatly simplified by a curve fitting method, and complicated and repeated analysis steps are avoided. And finally, analyzing the energy efficiency level of the energy consumption according to the obtained energy consumption situation.
In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the central air conditioning system energy consumption model includes: one or more of a water chilling unit energy consumption model, a cooling tower energy consumption model, a chilled water pump energy consumption model, a cooling water pump energy consumption model, a fan coil energy consumption model, a fresh air unit energy consumption model and a return air fan energy consumption model.
Preferably, the energy consumption model of the central air conditioning system is formed by one or more of a water chiller energy consumption model, a cooling tower energy consumption model, a chilled water pump energy consumption model, a cooling water pump energy consumption model, a fan coil energy consumption model, a fresh air handling unit energy consumption model and a return air fan energy consumption model.
Wherein, the energy consumption model of the new and return air fan set is as follows: the reasonable determination of the fresh air quantity and the return air quantity is the key of energy conservation of the air conditioning system, and the fresh air can be protectedThe air quality in the room is proved, but energy is consumed when the air is processed to be in a proper state, the return air can be reused after being slightly processed, and the air quality in the room cannot be guaranteed. The reasonable utilization of the new and return air fan sets is to reasonably determine the new and return air proportion according to the room use on the one hand, and to develop a new technology on the other hand to improve the technical level. The energy consumption of the new fan and the return fan set is mainly the energy consumption of the fan, and the energy consumption expression of the fan is PfAnd k is the energy consumption coefficient of the fan, and V is the air volume of the fan. The energy consumption of the fan can be determined by calculating the air quantity, and the sum of the energy consumption of the fresh air unit and the energy consumption of the return fan unit forms the total energy consumption.
For convenience of solving, the two units are regarded as a unified air conditioning unit, sample data provided by a large number of manufacturers is used for fitting, and the obtained simplified energy consumption calculation model expression is as follows:
wherein, P6Energy consumption of a fresh air handling unit and energy consumption of a return air fan; f. ofjzThe unit cooling capacity power consumption is integrated for the fresh air handling unit and the air return handling unit;the fresh air handling unit runs power consumption;the running power consumption of the fan returning unit is calculated; and Q is the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit.
In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the model of the energy consumption of the chiller is established by:
calculating the load rate of the water chilling unit based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit and the rated refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit;
and establishing a water chilling unit energy consumption model based on the load rate of the water chilling unit, the rated refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the rated performance coefficient of the water chilling unit and the correction coefficient of the actual running energy consumption of the water chilling unit.
Preferably, the energy consumption model of the water chilling unit is as follows:
the water-cooled water chilling unit is widely applied, so the water-cooled water chilling unit is taken as a modeling object, and a common simplified simulation model is used. If the water chilling unit is selected, the energy consumption is marked as:
COP＝f(Q,Te2,Te1)
for ease of analysis, the above formula is expressed in a dimensionless form:
wherein X is a correction coefficient of COP (coefficient of performance) of actual operation of the unit; COPeThe rated performance coefficient of the water chilling unit; q is the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, and the unit is kW; qeThe unit is kW which is the rated refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit; t isceThe unit is the rated inlet temperature of cooling water; t iseeThe rated outlet temperature of the chilled water is the unit of; t ise2Is the outlet temperature of the cooling water, and the unit is; t isc1Is the cooling water inlet temperature in degrees centigrade.
The change of the outlet water temperature of the chilled water has great influence on the operation efficiency of the water chilling unit, but the outlet water temperature of the chilled water is set according to the requirements of air-conditioning rooms in actual operation, and the water chilling unit can be selected according to the current specification (considering that the rated outlet water temperature is kept) in the design and model selection stage, so that the actual requirements of the air-conditioning rooms do not need to be considered. If the partial load rate of the water chilling unit is definedΔTc＝ΔTc1-ΔTceAccording to the energy consumption of the water chilling unit under different working conditions in the design stage, the method comprises the following steps:
the actual power consumption of the chiller may be represented by the following equation:
from the above derivation, it can be seen that X and P are taken into consideration even when different requirements of the air conditioning room for the outlet temperature of the chilled water in actual operation are taken into consideration in the design selection stage1Are also all models within acceptable error, let P1Further simplification is as follows:
X＝X1X2＝f1(PLR)f2(ΔTc)
simplifying the COP correction coefficient X in actual operation condition into two single variable equations, because the input variable of each air conditioning component has the variable of refrigerating capacity Q, PLR is partial load coefficient, indirectly related to Q, selecting PLR and delta TcFor two variables, Δ T, which influence the energy consumption of the chiller unit independentlycIs DeltaTc1And Δ TceThe difference between them.
At present, screw type and centrifugal type water chilling units are widely applied in practical engineering, and sample data of common manufacturers can provide operation data of air conditioning systems under different working conditions. According to the invention, a large amount of manufacturer data are fitted to obtain the following relational expression:
X2＝1+a1(ΔTc1-ΔTce)
wherein, Delta Tc1The unit of the temperature of a cooling water inlet is; delta TceThe rated outlet temperature of the chilled water is the unit of; a is1For centrifuges, a1Values of about 1.8% to 2.1%; for screw machines, a1The value is about 0% to 4.0%.
The temperature of the cooling water depends onThe parameter which links the cooling tower fan to the chiller unit is the cooling water inlet temperature Δ Tc1There is a need for optimization between the two. The inlet temperature of the cooling water is related to the wet bulb temperature of the air and the operating conditions of the cooling tower. The following control methods are generally used: maintaining the cooling water close to the point temperature difference delta Tapp(i.e., cooling water inlet temperature Δ T)c1The difference value of the temperature of the wet bulb and the air) and the temperature difference of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet of the cooling tower are not changed. The load rate of the water chilling unit is higher than 50% in the time of more than 80%, and the error is within an acceptable range as a result of adopting the control mode. In actual engineering, the machine room is provided with a plurality of water chilling units, at least one water chilling unit is used, the water chilling units are reasonably matched during operation, the water chilling units with small rated power or variable frequency can be selected under partial load, the COP of the units is ensured to be at a reasonable level, and the higher the partial load rate is, the higher the COP of the units is. When the equipment is selected, the delta T can be adjustedc1Expressed as Δ TwbFunction:
Tc1＝Twb+Tapp
wherein, TappThe domestic cooling tower sample is usually taken at 4 ℃; t iswbThe outdoor air wet bulb temperature.
By combining the above formulas, the energy consumption of the water chilling unit in actual operation, the rated COP of the unit and the cooling water inlet temperature delta T can be obtainedc1The three parameters PLR are closely related.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the cooling tower energy consumption model is established by obtaining an actual flow rate of the cooling water pump.
Preferably, the cooling tower energy consumption model is:
the cooling tower cools the cooling water with raised problems, so as to achieve the purpose of recycling the cooling water. The heat transfer in the cooling tower mainly depends on the convection heat transfer and the radiation heat transfer with the atmosphere, and the heat transfer process is relatively complex. The cooling tower model established by early foreign scholars is adopted, and the model has high precision. The model of the cooling tower is more complicated, because the cooling tower occupies little energy consumption in air conditioning system, in order to simplify the calculation, guarantee the accuracy of model simultaneously, the mathematical expression that adopts the cooling tower energy consumption model of simplification is:
wherein G iscThe actual flow rate of the cooling water pump.
In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the chilled water pump energy consumption model is built by:
calculating the flow of the chilled water pump based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the chilled water inlet temperature, the water density, the specific heat capacity of the average value of the chilled water inlet and outlet water temperatures and the chilled water outlet temperature;
calculating the lift of the chilled water based on the rated lift of the chilled water, the flow rate of the chilled water and the rated flow of the chilled water;
and establishing a frozen water pump energy consumption model based on a flow reserve coefficient, a lift reserve coefficient, the efficiency of a water pump working point, the flow of the frozen water pump and the lift of the frozen water.
Preferably, the energy consumption model of the chilled water pump is as follows:
the chilled water pump is a device for pushing chilled water to circulate in the evaporator and the user side, energy loss of a chilled water circulation pipeline is not considered in order to simplify calculation during modeling, the energy loss is considered according to an ideal state, and the water quantity is considered to be lossless in the circulation process. The principle of solving the energy consumption of the refrigeration water pump is as follows: the actual flow and the lift of the water pump are firstly solved, and then the energy consumption of the water pump is solved according to the efficiency of the water pump at the working point. The flow rate of the chilled water pump is as follows:
the lift of the chilled water:
wherein Q is the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, and the unit is kW; geRated flow of chilled water in m3/h；GeoIs the flow rate of chilled water, and has a unit of m3/h；Te1Is the cold water inlet temperature in units of; t ise2Is the cold water outlet temperature in units of; heThe unit is kPa for the actual delivery lift of the chilled water; heoThe unit is the rated lift of the chilled water and is kPa.
Mathematical expression of chilled water energy consumption:
wherein, P3β for energy consumption of refrigerating water pump1For the flow reserve factor, when a single water pump is operated, β1When two water pumps work in parallel, β1＝1.2；β2Reserve coefficient for head, β2＝1.1～1.2；γeEfficiency of the water pump operating point; geIs the flow rate of the chilled water; heIs the actual delivery lift of the chilled water.
In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the cooling water pump energy consumption model is established by:
calculating the flow of the cooling water pump based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the temperature of a cooling water inlet, the density of water, the specific heat capacity of the average value of the water temperatures of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet and the temperature of the cooling water outlet;
calculating the lift of the cooling water based on the rated lift of the water pump, the flow rate of the cooling water and the rated flow of the water pump;
and establishing a frozen water pump energy consumption model based on the flow reserve coefficient, the lift reserve coefficient, the efficiency of the working point of the water pump, the flow of the cooling water pump and the lift of the cooling water.
Preferably, the cooling water pump energy consumption model is as follows:
the cooling water pump is determined by adopting the flow and the lift in the variable flow period according to the following formula, and the flow of the cooling water pump is as follows:
lift of cooling water:
the unit of the actual refrigerating capacity of the Q water chilling unit is kW; gcoRated flow of water pump in m3/h；HcoRated lift of the water pump is kPa; rho is the density of water, and the unit is 1000kg/m3(ii) a And c is the specific heat capacity of the average value of the water temperatures of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet.
Mathematical expression of cooling water energy consumption:
wherein, P4β for cooling water pump energy consumption1For flow reserve factor, single pump time, β1When two water pumps work in parallel, β1＝1.2；β2Reserve coefficient for head, β2＝1.1～1.2；γcEfficiency of the water pump operating point; gcIs the cooling water flow rate; hcIs the actual lift of the cooling water.
In another embodiment of the present invention, based on the above embodiment, the fan coil energy consumption model is built by:
acquiring the actual refrigerating capacity of a water chilling unit;
and establishing a fan coil energy consumption model based on the correction coefficient of the actual operation energy consumption of the unit and the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit.
Preferably, the fan coil energy consumption model is:
the fan coil is the end device of most air conditioning systems, which allows air that is continuously circulated in an air-conditioned room to be cooled after passing through the cold water coil to maintain a comfortable environment, and the fan coil system mainly includes two cycles: chilled water circulation and indoor air circulation, chilled water pump promotes chilled water from the entry to the export of cooling unit, and the heat transfer process is related to two volume respectively is chilled water outlet temperature and the flow of chilled water. The chilled water completes the heat exchange process with the indoor air in the cooling unit, and the temperature of the chilled water rises to the inlet temperature of the chilled water.
The main energy consumption parts in the fan coil are a pump and a fan, the energy consumption of the fan coil and the energy consumption of a water chilling unit are low, and a mathematical model expression of the energy consumption of the fan coil is obtained by fitting data of a large number of factory samples:
P5＝XQ
wherein, P5The energy consumption of the fan coil is reduced; x is a correction coefficient of COP (coefficient of performance) of actual operation of the unit; and Q is the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an energy efficiency online monitoring device of a central air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, including: an energy consumption calculation module 201 and an energy efficiency calculation module 202, wherein:
the energy consumption calculation module 201 is configured to obtain an energy consumption condition of the central air conditioning system based on an energy consumption model of the central air conditioning system according to the electrical data of the central air conditioning system;
the energy efficiency calculation module 202 is configured to calculate an energy efficiency condition of the central air conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air conditioning system.
Specifically, the voltage U, the current I and the power factor of the central air-conditioning system are transmitted in real time through the intelligent electric energy meterPower P, reflecting the total input power of the entire central air conditioning system; acquiring the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data; and calculating the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system.
The embodiment provides an energy efficiency online monitoring device of a central air-conditioning system, which analyzes the incidence relation between electric data acquired by an intelligent electric meter and the central air-conditioning system, acquires the energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system and each component in real time by acquiring the electric data in real time, and further can analyze the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system and each component, thereby solving the problem of complex parameters required by the energy efficiency of the existing online identification central air-conditioning system.
Finally, the method of the present application is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An energy efficiency online monitoring method of a central air-conditioning system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system;
and S2, calculating the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein S1 includes:
s11, acquiring the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system;
and S12, acquiring the energy consumption of each subsystem of the central air-conditioning system based on the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein S12 includes:
and S121, acquiring a relation curve between the total energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system and the energy consumption of each subsystem of the central air-conditioning system based on a least square method according to the acquired historical operating parameters of the central air-conditioning system.
4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the central air conditioning system energy consumption model comprises: one or more of a water chilling unit energy consumption model, a cooling tower energy consumption model, a chilled water pump energy consumption model, a cooling water pump energy consumption model, a fan coil energy consumption model, a fresh air unit energy consumption model and a return air fan energy consumption model.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the chiller energy consumption model is established by:
calculating the load rate of the water chilling unit based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit and the rated refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit;
and establishing a water chilling unit energy consumption model based on the load rate of the water chilling unit, the rated refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the rated performance coefficient of the water chilling unit and the correction coefficient of the actual running energy consumption of the water chilling unit.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the cooling tower energy consumption model is created by obtaining an actual flow rate of a cooling water pump.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the chilled water pump energy consumption model is established by:
calculating the flow of the chilled water pump based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the chilled water inlet temperature, the water density, the specific heat capacity of the average value of the chilled water inlet and outlet water temperatures and the chilled water outlet temperature;
calculating the lift of the chilled water based on the rated lift of the chilled water, the flow rate of the chilled water and the rated flow of the chilled water;
and establishing a frozen water pump energy consumption model based on a flow reserve coefficient, a lift reserve coefficient, the efficiency of a water pump working point, the flow of the frozen water pump and the lift of the frozen water.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the cooling water pump energy consumption model is established by:
calculating the flow of the cooling water pump based on the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit, the temperature of a cooling water inlet, the density of water, the specific heat capacity of the average value of the water temperatures of the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet and the temperature of the cooling water outlet;
calculating the lift of the cooling water based on the rated lift of the water pump, the flow rate of the cooling water and the rated flow of the water pump;
and establishing a frozen water pump energy consumption model based on the flow reserve coefficient, the lift reserve coefficient, the efficiency of the working point of the water pump, the flow of the cooling water pump and the lift of the cooling water.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the fan coil energy consumption model is established by:
acquiring the actual refrigerating capacity of a water chilling unit;
and establishing a fan coil energy consumption model based on the correction coefficient of the actual operation energy consumption of the unit and the actual refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit.
10. An energy efficiency on-line monitoring device of a central air-conditioning system is characterized by comprising:
the energy consumption calculation module is used for acquiring the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption model of the central air-conditioning system according to the electric data of the central air-conditioning system;
and the energy efficiency calculation module is used for calculating the energy efficiency condition of the central air-conditioning system based on the energy consumption condition of the central air-conditioning system.
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