CN107313856A - Cylinder head, engine and its control method, control module and automobile - Google Patents
Cylinder head, engine and its control method, control module and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN107313856A CN107313856A CN201610269973.4A CN201610269973A CN107313856A CN 107313856 A CN107313856 A CN 107313856A CN 201610269973 A CN201610269973 A CN 201610269973A CN 107313856 A CN107313856 A CN 107313856A
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- piston
- chamber
- combustion chamber
- plunger
- engine
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
- F02B75/041—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of cylinder or cylinderhead positioning
- F02B75/042—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of cylinder or cylinderhead positioning the cylinderhead comprising a counter-piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
- F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
- F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
- F02D15/04—Varying compression ratio by alteration of volume of compression space without changing piston stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of cylinder head, engine and its control method, control module and automobile, wherein cylinder head include being provided with cylinder body, cylinder body：With the piston hole of combustion chamber, the pressure chamber parallel with the depth direction of piston hole；The piston moved in combustion chamber or away from combustion chamber can be moved and stretch into towards combustion chamber by being provided with piston hole；Provided with the plunger that can be moved along the depth direction of pressure chamber in pressure chamber；Plunger is connected with plunger rod, and plunger rod stretches out the part of pressure chamber and piston stretches out the part interconnection of piston hole, and piston is synchronized with the movement with plunger；The Fluid pressure of pressure chamber can at least promote plunger band piston to be moved towards combustion chamber.This hair can be with bright by controlling the motion of piston to adjust the volume of combustion chamber, to adjust the compression ratio of cylinder, it is ensured that the efficiency of combustion of engine meets the demand of economy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicular field, and in particular to a kind of cylinder head, engine and its control method, control
Molding block and automobile.
Background technology
For automobile engine, preferable state should be：On the one hand, peak power is sufficiently large,
To complete the requirement of the limiting conditions such as acceleration, climbing, max. speed；On the other hand, under any operating mode,
Engine can keep very high efficiency of combustion, to obtain preferable economy.But, although current
Engine technology has been obtained for the development advanced by leaps and bounds, and above-mentioned both sides still can not be met simultaneously will
Ask.
By taking sedan-chair vehicular engine as an example, under most of operating modes, the requirement to engine output is not
Greatly, now, engine typically adjusts power output by adjusting air inflow, and air inflow is smaller, output
Power is lower.But, for engine, compression ratio is fixed, i.e., discharge capacity is fixed, is entered
Tolerance reduces, then cylinder pressure certainly will be caused to reduce, cause efficiency of combustion to reduce.
The content of the invention
The problem of present invention is solved is that available engine efficiency of combustion under most of operating modes is relatively low, economy
It is not good enough.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of cylinder head, including the opening for closed cylinder
It is provided with cylinder body, the cylinder body：Piston hole, through-thickness runs through the cylinder body, and is used for
With combustion chamber；Pressure chamber, the depth direction of the depth direction of the pressure chamber and the piston hole is put down
OK；The cylinder head also includes：Piston, in the piston hole, the piston can be towards described
Combustion chamber is moved and stretched into the combustion chamber, the volume to reduce the combustion chamber, or away from described
Combustion chamber motion, the volume to increase the combustion chamber；Plunger, it is and described in the pressure chamber
The inner wall sealing contact of pressure chamber, and can be moved along the depth direction of the pressure chamber；Plunger rod, even
The side of the plunger dorsad combustion chamber is connected to, and stretches out the pressure chamber；The piston is away from institute
The piston hole is stretched out in the one end for stating combustion chamber, the plunger rod stretch out the part of the pressure chamber with it is described
The part that piston stretches out the piston hole is connected with each other, and the piston is synchronized with the movement with the plunger；It is described
The Fluid pressure of pressure chamber can at least promote the plunger to drive the piston to be transported towards the combustion chamber
It is dynamic.
Optionally, the pressure chamber includes the first chamber, the side positioned at the plunger dorsad combustion chamber,
Fluid is filled with first chamber；The pressure chamber can be promoted by the Fluid pressure of first chamber
The plunger drives the piston to be moved towards the combustion chamber.
Optionally, the inwall of first chamber is provided with oil transportation hole；Be additionally provided with the cylinder body with it is described
Control valve is provided with the delivery pipe of oil transportation hole connection, the delivery pipe；When the control valve is opened, it is allowed to
The fluid is from the delivery pipe to the first chamber one-way flow, to promote the plunger band piston court
Moved to the combustion chamber.
Optionally, when the control valve is closed, it is allowed to which the fluid is from first chamber to the delivery pipe
Circulation, the piston can be under the gas pressure of the combustion chamber away from combustion chamber motion.
Optionally, the pressure chamber also includes the second chamber, positioned at the plunger towards the one of the combustion chamber
Side, the inwall of second chamber is provided with the stomata being in communication with the outside.
Optionally, the pressure chamber also includes the second chamber, positioned at the plunger towards the one of the combustion chamber
Fluid is filled with side, second chamber；The pressure chamber can also be by the fluid pressure of second chamber
Pushing the dynamic plunger drives the piston to be moved away from the combustion chamber.
Optionally, in addition to for closing the closure of the opening, the closure and the pressure chamber
Inner wall sealing connection, the through hole passed through for the plunger rod is offered in the closure.
Optionally, annular oil seal is provided between the inwall of the through hole and the plunger rod.
Optionally, the piston has inner chamber, and the inner chamber is used to set fuel injector and/or spark plug；
The fuel injector, one end of the spark plug pass through the piston, for stretching into the combustion chamber.
Optionally, in addition to connector, stretched out respectively with the plunger rod pressure chamber part, with
And the piston stretches out the part connection of the piston hole.
The present invention also provides a kind of engine, and it includes the cylinder head described in any of the above-described.
Optionally, the engine has along multiple cylinders arranged in a straight line, and each cylinder is equipped with described
Piston and the plunger；The piston, the orientation of plunger and the orientation one of the multiple cylinder
Cause, all pistons, the plunger of the multiple cylinder are connected with each other and be synchronized with the movement.
The present invention also provides a kind of control method of above-mentioned engine, air intake duct flow one work of correspondence
Fill in setting position, the different piston setting positions of different air intake duct flow correspondences, corresponding to each flow
Piston setting position meet compression ratio sets requirement；The control method includes：Obtain the engine
The current location of the present flow rate of air intake duct and the piston；By the current location with it is described current
Piston setting position corresponding to flow is compared：If the current location and the setting position are not
Meanwhile, then control the piston movement to the setting position.
The present invention also provides a kind of control module, for controlling above-mentioned engine, including：Memory cell,
Setting position for storing the piston corresponding to the different flow with engine inlets, a flow pair
The setting position of a piston is answered, the setting position of piston corresponding to each flow meets compression ratio setting will
Ask；Acquiring unit, for obtaining the present flow rate of the engine inlets and working as the piston
Front position；Comparing unit, for setting the current location and the piston corresponding to the present flow rate
Positioning, which is put, is compared and exports comparative result；Output unit, for being exported according to the comparative result
Control instruction, to control the piston movement, when the current location is different from the setting position,
The piston movement is then controlled to the setting position.
Optionally, the control module is integrated in Engine ECU or engine ECM.
The present invention also provides a kind of engine, and it includes above-mentioned cylinder head, and above-mentioned control module.
The present invention also provides a kind of automobile, and it includes the cylinder head described in any of the above-described.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme has advantages below：
Piston is set in cylinder head, and piston can be moved and stretched into combustion chamber towards the direction of combustion chamber,
Or along away from combustion chamber direction motion.When the air inflow of engine reduces, piston court can be controlled
Moved to combustion chamber, it is on the contrary then can control piston away from combustion chamber move, by the motion for controlling piston
To adjust the volume of combustion chamber, to adjust the compression ratio of cylinder so that under different operating modes, it can ensure
Engine has higher efficiency of combustion, meets the demand of economy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial perspective cutaway view of the cylinder head of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the sectional structure of piston hole and pressure chamber in the cylinder head of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of the piston of the cylinder head of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 shows the row of corresponding with multiple cylinders piston and plunger in the cylinder head of the embodiment of the present invention
Array structure；
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the cylinder head of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The technology of the present invention is related to changeable compression ratio technique, before the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, in order to can
To be better understood from the present invention, first changeable compression ratio technique is simply introduced.
Compression ratio is the scavenging volume and the ratio of combustion chamber volume sum and combustion chamber volume, i.e. gas of piston
Maximum volume of the cylinder at lower dead center and cylinder the ratio between minimum volume in top dead centre.Compression ratio is engine
Important parameter, the parameter determine engine compression gaseous mixture pressure.But, engine compresses
The selection of ratio is again very careful, on the one hand, if compression ratio is too small, efficiency of combustion can be caused to reduce,
Therefore suitably increase compression ratio can improve cylinder pressure and efficiency；On the other hand, the burning of gasoline is special
The mixture pressure that property result in petrol engine can not be too high.If the pressure in cylinder has exceeded critical
Value, gasoline will be before ignition ignited because of compression, and this phenomenon is referred to as detonation, and produces
Pinking, can bring very big injury to engine.
So optimal method is inherently to consider, a kind of engine of variable compression ratio is designed, in hair
During motivation underrun, air inflow is smaller, and inner pressure of air cylinder is smaller, can by increase compression ratio come
Improve efficiency of combustion；And high engine load operation is constantly, air inflow is larger, and inner pressure of air cylinder is larger,
Compression ratio is then reduced to prevent pinking and improve efficiency.
It is understandable to enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Shown in reference picture 1, Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of cylinder head 100, including for closing
It is provided with the cylinder body 110 of the opening of cylinder (not shown), cylinder body 110：
Piston hole 111, through-thickness runs through cylinder body 110, and for connecting with combustion chamber A (Fig. 2)
It is logical；
Pressure chamber 112, its depth direction is parallel with the depth direction of piston hole 111, wherein, pressure chamber 112
It is cylindric with piston hole 111, its depth direction is axial direction, both is axially in parallel；
Piston 120, in piston hole 111, piston 120 can move towards combustion chamber A and stretch into combustion
Burn in the A of room, the volume to reduce combustion chamber A, or away from combustion chamber A motions, to increase combustion chamber
A volume；
Plunger 131, in pressure chamber 112, is contacted with the inner wall sealing of pressure chamber 112, and being capable of edge
The depth direction motion of pressure chamber 112；
Plunger rod 132, is connected to the dorsad combustion chamber A of plunger 131 side, and stretch out pressure chamber 112；
Piston hole 111 is stretched out in the one end of piston 120 away from combustion chamber A, and plunger rod 132 stretches out pressure chamber
The part that piston hole 111 is stretched out in 112 part with piston 120 is connected with each other, piston 120 and plunger 131
It is synchronized with the movement, i.e., is synchronized with the movement vertically；
The Fluid pressure of pressure chamber 112 can at least promote plunger 131 and with piston 120 towards burning
Room A is moved.Plunger 131 is moved in pressure chamber 112 if necessary to piston 120 towards combustion chamber A,
The motion is driven towards combustion chamber A motion by plunger 131, and plunger 131 is transported towards combustion chamber A
Required thrust is provided by the Fluid pressure in pressure chamber 112 when dynamic.
Moved if necessary to piston 120 away from combustion chamber A, the motion can be by plunger away from combustion chamber A
Motion drive, and plunger thrust required when moving away from combustion chamber A is also in pressure chamber 112
Fluid pressure provide.Or, moved if necessary to piston 120 away from combustion chamber A, the motion also may be used
To be provided by the active force outside pressure chamber 112, such as the gas pressure in combustion chamber A.
First illustrate that " Fluid pressure of pressure chamber 112 promotes plunger 131 and with the direction of piston 120 below
Situation during combustion chamber A motions ".
Wherein, the Fluid pressure in pressure chamber 112 can be that hydraulic pressure or air pressure, correspondingly, fluid can
To be hydraulic oil or compressed gas (gases at high pressure).
It can be directly connected between the extension of plunger rod 132 and the extension of piston 120 or indirectly
Plunger rod 132, for example, be set to the knee bent towards piston 120, then directly connect both by connection
Connect.
In the present embodiment, provided with company between the extension of plunger rod 132 and the extension of piston 120
Fitting 101, stretches out the part of pressure chamber 112 with plunger rod 132 respectively and piston 120 stretches out piston
The part connection in hole 111.
The shape of connector 101 is not construed as limiting, and can be tabular, tubulose or other shapes, as long as energy
Plunger rod 132 and piston 120 are connected.In the present embodiment, connector 101 is tabular, and is had
There are the connecting hole (not marked in figure) passed through respectively for plunger rod 132 and piston 120, the He of plunger rod 132
Piston 120 is fixedly connected with connector 101 in the position of connecting hole respectively.
Wherein, plunger rod 132 is connected with along one end that connector 101 is stretched out in the direction away from combustion chamber A
Nut 102, nut 102 is spacing for being carried out to plunger rod 132 axially towards combustion chamber A motion,
To limit the range of its axial movement.Piston 120 stretches out connector along the direction away from combustion chamber A
101 one end is connected with nut 103, is carried out for the motion to piston 120 axially towards combustion chamber A
It is spacing, to limit the range of its axial movement.
When needing to reduce combustion chamber A volume, piston 120 is moved towards combustion chamber A.Specifically,
Such as Fig. 2,112 points by pressure chamber of plunger 131 is spaced vertically the first chamber 112a and the second chamber
112b.First chamber 112a is located at the dorsad combustion chamber A of plunger 131 side, and the second chamber 112b is located at post
131 are filled in towards combustion chamber A side.
Wherein, the first chamber 112a be with the disconnected seal cavity of ambient atmosphere, wherein filled with fluid,
Plunger 131 can be transported in the first chamber 112a Fluid pressure effect lower band piston 120 towards combustion chamber A
It is dynamic.
Specifically, the first chamber 112a inwall is provided with oil transportation hole 113.Wherein, oil transportation hole 113 should
Outside the stroke of plunger 131 vertically, that is to say, that when plunger 131 axially movable when, it is defeated
Oilhole 113 should be always positioned at the dorsad combustion chamber A of plunger 131 side.On the basis for meeting the condition
On, oil transportation hole 113 can be on the side wall or roof of pressure chamber 112.
In such as Fig. 2, the present embodiment, oil transportation hole 113 is located at pressure chamber 112 on the side wall at top, this
In described top, refer to that pressure chamber 112 is axially distant from combustion chamber A one end.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, the delivery pipe 114 connected with oil transportation hole 113 is additionally provided with cylinder body 110, it is defeated
Send and control valve (not shown) is provided with pipe 114.When control valve is opened, it is allowed to which fluid is from delivery pipe
114 to the first chamber 112a one-way flows, to promote plunger 131 to be transported with piston 120 towards combustion chamber A
It is dynamic.
When needing to increase combustion chamber A volume, piston 120 is moved away from combustion chamber A.As it was previously stated,
Can now there is two ways：
First way：Plunger 131 is promoted away from burning by the effect of Fluid pressure in pressure chamber 112
Room A is moved, so as to be synchronized with the movement with piston 120.That is, the second chamber 112b of pressure chamber 112
In also fill fluid, plunger 131 can the second chamber 112b Fluid pressure effect lower band piston 120
Away from combustion chamber A motions.Other settings in second chamber 112b are referred to the first chamber 112a.Now,
Control valve should can switch to reverse-conducting state in first chamber 112a, under reverse-conducting state, permit
Perhaps fluid is from the first chamber 112a to the one-way flow of delivery pipe 114 so that fluid in the first chamber 112a with
The motion axially upward of plunger 131 and flow out the first chamber 112a.Or, it can also be driven by other
Power band piston 120 is moved away from combustion chamber A.
The second way, the pressure P produced when being burnt by mixed gas in the A of combustion chamber of piston 120
To promote piston 120 to be moved away from combustion chamber A.The present embodiment uses the second way.
In the second way, when needing to increase combustion chamber A volume, the control valve in delivery pipe 114
Close, it is allowed to which fluid circulates from the first chamber 112a to delivery pipe 114, i.e. the reverse-conducting of delivery pipe 114,
Piston 120 can be under combustion chamber A gas pressure away from combustion chamber A motions.Now, plunger 131
Moved with the motion of piston 120 away from combustion chamber A so that the fluid in the first chamber 112a flows to defeated
Send pipe 114.
Now, the control valve in delivery pipe 114 is one-way control valve, that is to say, that when control valve is opened,
The one-way conduction of delivery pipe 114, reversely cut-off are controlled, fluid can only flow into the first chamber 112a from delivery pipe 114,
And reverse flow is unable to, so as to control plunger 131 can only be axially towards combustion chamber A when control valve is opened
Motion, so as to ensure the direction of motion of piston 120, it is to avoid piston 120 by the A of combustion chamber due to being mixed
Close the pressure P effects of gas and moved away from combustion chamber A.
Wherein, the second chamber 112b inwalls of pressure chamber 112 are provided with the stomata 116 being in communication with the outside.When
When plunger 131 is moved, the gas in the second chamber 112b realizes that air is exchanged by stomata 116 with the external world.
As can be seen here, piston 120 can be driven under Fluid pressure effect by plunger 131 and towards burning
Room A is moved and is extended in the A of combustion chamber to reduce combustion chamber A volume, or moved away from combustion chamber A,
To increase combustion chamber A volume.Following benefit can so be brought：
First, during engine is run, pass through change burning room A volume so that cylinder pressure
Power can be in good time adjusted, it is ensured that can form enough gas pressures in the A of combustion chamber all the time, carry
The efficiency of combustion of high engine.
Second, in the present embodiment, because compression ratio can be adjusted, it is possible to achieve when air inflow changes,
Realize variable engine discharge capacity.The discharge capacity of engine refers generally to piston and is moved to lower dead center from top dead centre to lead to
The spatial volume crossed, due to the air-fuel ratio of engine be typically to determine it is constant, then when compression ratio is certain
When, the discharge capacity of engine often also immobilizes.But in the present embodiment, when air inflow changes, pressure
Contracting ratio can change therewith, and the size of corresponding discharge capacity can also change therewith so that engine displacement is variable.
3rd, by the regulation of compression ratio, selection of the engine to oil product can be made to seem insensitive, from
And reduce the selection requirement to oil product.Because no matter the octane number index of antiknock ability (characterize) of oil product
How, engine can for example make in cylinder under any operating condition by compression ratio control in setting value
Pressure is in the value close to pinking all the time, realizes maximizing combustion efficiency.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, cylinder head 100 also includes the closure 115 for being used to close opening, close
Capping 115 is connected with the inner wall sealing of pressure chamber 112, is offered in closure 115 for plunger rod 132
The through hole (not marked in figure) passed through.
Wherein, annular oil seal 117, ring are provided with closure 115 between the inwall and plunger rod 132 of through hole
Shape oil sealing 117 is sheathed on outside plunger rod 132, and outer peripheral face, closure 115 simultaneously with plunger rod 132
The inner wall sealing contact of middle through hole, to close gap between the two, it is ensured that the first chamber in pressure chamber 112
112a seal.But it may be noted that plunger rod 132 can be relative to closure 115 axially movable.
Adaptably closure 115 is also cylindrical with pressure chamber 112 cylindric, closure 115
The inner peripheral surface of outer peripheral face and pressure chamber 112 be tightly connected.Between the two can by interference fit, or
Person, as shown in Fig. 2 being connected between the two by screw thread.Wherein, closure 115 is away from plunger
131 one end is provided with the annular flange coaxial with pressure chamber 112, the inwall of pressure chamber 112 be provided with towards
The shaft shoulder in the outside of pressure chamber 112, annular flange and the shaft shoulder phase of closure 115 corresponding with annular flange
Support, also, in axial direction, lip ring 118, such as O are provided between annular flange and the shaft shoulder
Shape circle etc., to ensure sealing between the two.
Further, reference picture 2 and with reference to shown in Fig. 3, is axially distant from combustion chamber A direction, living
Consent 111 has the first hole 111a and the second hole 111b for being connected with each other and connecting, wherein, the first hole 111a
Diameter be less than the second hole 111b diameter, and form face between the first hole 111a and the second hole 111b
To the second hole 111b shaft shoulder.
Correspondingly, piston 120 also has the Part I 121 and Part II 122 being connected with each other vertically,
The external diameter of Part I 121 is less than the external diameter of Part II 122, and in Part I 121 and second
Divide the shaft shoulder being formed between 122 towards Part I 121.
When in the insertion piston hole 111 of piston 120, Part II 122 is always positioned in the second hole 111b,
Part I 121 is then at least partially disposed in the first hole 111a, and with the axial movement portion of piston 120
Divide and stretch into combustion chamber A or partly stretch into the second hole 111b.The shaft shoulder of piston 120 and piston hole 111
The shaft shoulder provide spacing axially towards combustion chamber A motion for piston 120, when the two shaft shoulders offset,
Piston 120 moves to the limit towards combustion chamber A.
Wherein, it is provided between the Part II 122 of piston 120 and the second hole 111b of piston hole 111
Piston oil seal 123.Piston oil seal 123 is in the annular coaxial with Part II 122, and and Part II
122nd, it is in sealing contact between the second hole 111b, it is in sealing contact between piston 120 and piston hole 111 to ensure,
Ensure combustion chamber A sealing.
The outer peripheral face of Part I 121 is provided with piston ring 124, and the outer peripheral face of piston ring 124 is slightly above the
The outer peripheral face of a part 121, piston 120 is contacted by piston ring 124 with the inwall of piston hole 111.
That is, the projection of piston ring 124 is on the outer peripheral face of Part I 121, for piston hole 111
Inwall contact, inwall of the Part I 121 substantially not with piston hole 111 itself contact, so can be with
Reduce the contact area of piston 120 and the inwall of piston hole 111, reduce frictional force between the two.
Wherein, the quantity of piston ring 124 can be according to rubbing between piston 120 and the inwall of piston hole 111
Wipe and require to determine：The friction of the quantity of piston ring less, then between the two is smaller；The quantity of piston ring
More, then friction between the two is bigger.Piston ring 124 in such as Fig. 1, the present embodiment is two.
In the present embodiment, nested (not shown) is additionally provided with piston hole 111, Part I 121 is inserted
It is located in nesting.Wherein, it is nested higher using hardness, intensity, the good material of wearability, such as steel.
Because existing very multiengined cylinder head all uses aluminum, and the hardness of aluminum, intensity are relatively low,
Cause wearability bad, now, set nested on the inwall of piston hole 111, to improve wearability.
Meanwhile, nested inner peripheral surface should be smooth, to improve greasy property.In other embodiments, such as
Fruit cylinder head hardness itself, intensity enough, can also save nesting.
Such as Fig. 3 and with reference to shown in Fig. 1, in order to save space and improve the integrated level of part, piston 120
With inner chamber 120a, inner chamber 120a is used to set fuel injector 140, spark plug 150, fuel injector 140
Nozzle, the electrode of spark plug 150 pass through piston 120, for stretching into the A of combustion chamber.Fuel injector 140
The other end connection with oil rail 141 be connected, the other end of spark plug 150 is connected with high-voltage line 151.
Now, in order to be matched with piston 120, it is easily installed, it is necessary to fuel injector 140 and spark plug 150
Shape make some adjustment, can for example increase the length of fuel injector 140 and spark plug 150.
It should be noted that fuel injector 140 and spark plug 150 should be respectively with piston 120 inner chamber it is close
Envelope connection, to ensure the seal of combustion chamber 10.
Wherein, fuel injector 140 is inclined type Incylinder direct injection fuel injector, its axial direction and the axial direction of cylinder
Between there is the axis of angle and spray orifice towards combustion chamber.The spray orifice of fuel injector 140 is single hole.So,
The mist of oil that fuel injector 140 sprays can more collect the middle part for neutralizing and rapidly reaching combustion chamber, it is ensured that burning
Efficiency.Pass through the regulation of compression ratio simultaneously, it is ensured that the pressure in cylinder, to obtain more preferable lean burn
Effect.
Further, since piston 120 is not rotated, then piston 120 can be stretched into combustion chamber A one end
Cross section is set to ellipse.When having angle between the axial direction of fuel injector 140 and the axial direction of cylinder,
Piston 120 correspondingly has angle between the axial direction of cylinder, when piston 120 stretches into combustion chamber 10a mono-
When ellipse is in the cross section at end, the size of the corresponding end of piston 120 can be reduced, to avoid and enter,
Interfered between exhaust valve.
Because available engine typically has along multiple cylinders arranged in a straight line, along multiple gas arranged in a straight line
Cylinder shares a cylinder head.So, in the present embodiment, cylinder head 100 is that each cylinder therein is matched somebody with somebody
Have a piston 120 and pressure chamber 112 corresponding with the piston.The arrangement of piston 120, plunger 131
Direction is consistent with the orientation of multiple cylinders, all pistons 120 of the multiple cylinders of correspondence, the phase of plunger 131
Connect and be synchronized with the movement.
In available engine, typically using four cylinder engine, and arranged successively along same straight line, that is,
Say, four cylinders are located at same straight line.As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, now set all piston holes 111,
Pressure chamber 112 is respectively positioned on same straight line, that is to say, that all piston 120, all positions of plunger rod 132
In on same straight line.Now, lead between all pistons 120 being located along the same line and plunger rod 132
Cross same a connection piece 101 to connect, be synchronized with the movement.Wherein, label B institutes finger table in Fig. 4, Fig. 5
Show control valve.
For four cylinder engine, four cylinders do work in turn, are rushed when one of cylinder is in acting
Cheng Shi, the other three cylinder is respectively at the other three stroke.So, mixed gas in acting cylinder
Pressure will be acted on to corresponding piston 120 and plunger rod 132, and apply a great upward pressure to it
Power.Because piston 120, the plunger rod 132 of all cylinders link together, then, the mixed gas
Pressure will be allocated to other pistons and plunger rod 132 of interconnection, from the cylinder that will reduce and do work
The power that corresponding piston and plunger rod 132 are born, is so conducive to extending its fatigue life.
In other embodiments, can also between the piston 120 and plunger rod 132 corresponding to difference cylinder
Connected by different connectors 101.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of engine, includes the cylinder head of any of the above-described.
The present invention also provides a kind of control method for above-mentioned engine, wherein default engine inlets
The corresponding piston position under different flow, the position is piston setting position, an air intake duct flow pair
The setting position of a piston is answered, different air intake duct flows correspond to different piston setting positions, each
The setting position of piston corresponding to flow meets compression ratio sets requirement.
The control method includes：
Obtain the present flow rate of engine inlets and the current location of piston；
Current location and the setting position of the piston corresponding to present flow rate are compared：
If current location is different from setting position, control piston movement extremely and setting position.
Because the position of piston determines the compression ratio of engine, that is to say, that a piston position correspondence one
The compression ratio of individual engine, then piston position difference, compression ratio are different, then, for engine,
In order to ensure sufficient efficiency of combustion, then, when the flow of air intake duct is different, the compression ratio of engine
Should be different, that is, the position of piston should be different so that under different operating modes, can have in cylinder
There is enough pressure, to ensure that engine has higher efficiency of combustion, meet the demand of economy.Example
Inner pressure of air cylinder is in the value close to pinking all the time, realize maximizing combustion efficiency.
Wherein, " setting position of piston meets sets requirement corresponding to each flow ", refers to：At certain
Under one flow, if the setting position of piston meets sets requirement, the compression ratio of engine, which is met, to be required,
Now engine can reach expected efficiency of combustion.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, according to different air intake duct flows, the pressure that setting engine should have
Contracting ratio, because compression ratio is determined by piston position, has just obtained the stream in various inlet road according to this
Measure the setting position of lower piston, the setting position of flow one piston of correspondence.In a certain present flow rate
Under, if the current location residing for piston is identical with the setting position of the present flow rate lower piston, start
The compression ratio of machine is in setting value, and now the delivery efficiency of engine meets sets requirement.Conversely,
If the current location residing for piston is different from the setting position of the present flow rate lower piston, engine
Compression ratio is not up to setting value, and now then control piston is moved to setting position so that the compression of engine
Than reaching setting value, it is ensured that the delivery efficiency started meets sets requirement.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of control module, for controlling above-mentioned engine, the control module
Including：
Memory cell, the setting position for storing the piston corresponding to the different flow with engine inlets
Put, the setting position of flow one piston of correspondence, the setting position of piston corresponding to each flow is expired
Sufficient compression ratio sets requirement；
Acquiring unit, for obtaining the present flow rate of engine inlets and the current location of piston；
Comparing unit, for current location and the setting position of the piston corresponding to present flow rate to be compared
Compared with and export comparative result；
Output unit, for being instructed according to comparative result output control, to control piston movement, when current
When position is different from setting position, then piston movement is controlled to setting position.
Wherein, control module can be integrated in ECU (engine electronic control system module) or ECM (engines
Control module) on.When the control module is assembled on engine, control module is communicated with motor
Connection, for sending control instruction to motor, to control to live by controlling the action of motor
The motion of plug.
The embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of engine it include above-mentioned cylinder head and control module.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of automobile, and it includes above-mentioned cylinder head.
Although present disclosure is as above, the present invention is not limited to this.Any those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it can make various changes or modifications, therefore the guarantor of the present invention
Shield scope should be defined by claim limited range.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of cylinder head, includes the cylinder body of the opening for closed cylinder, it is characterised in that the cylinder cap
It is provided with body：
Piston hole, through-thickness runs through the cylinder body, and is used for and combustion chamber；
Pressure chamber, the depth direction of the pressure chamber is parallel with the depth direction of the piston hole；
The cylinder head also includes：Piston, in the piston hole, the piston can be towards described
Combustion chamber is moved and stretched into the combustion chamber, the volume to reduce the combustion chamber, or away from described
Combustion chamber motion, the volume to increase the combustion chamber；
Plunger, in the pressure chamber, is contacted with the inner wall sealing of the pressure chamber, and can be along institute
State the depth direction motion of pressure chamber；
Plunger rod, is connected to the side of the plunger dorsad combustion chamber, and stretch out the pressure chamber；
The piston hole is stretched out in the one end of the piston away from the combustion chamber, and the plunger rod stretches out described
The part that the part of pressure chamber and the piston stretch out the piston hole is connected with each other, the piston with it is described
Plunger is synchronized with the movement；
The Fluid pressure of the pressure chamber can at least promote the plunger to drive the piston towards the combustion
Burn room motion.
2. cylinder head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure chamber includes the first chamber, is located at
Fluid is filled with the side of the plunger dorsad combustion chamber, first chamber；
The pressure chamber can promote the plunger to drive the piston by the Fluid pressure of first chamber
Towards combustion chamber motion.
3. cylinder head as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the inwall of first chamber is provided with oil transportation
Hole；
It is additionally provided with the cylinder body in the delivery pipe connected with the oil transportation hole, the delivery pipe provided with control
Valve processed；
When the control valve is opened, it is allowed to the fluid from the delivery pipe to the first chamber one-way flow,
To promote the plunger band piston to be moved towards the combustion chamber.
4. cylinder head as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that when the control valve is closed, it is allowed to described
Fluid circulates from first chamber to the delivery pipe, the piston can the combustion chamber air pressure
Effect is lower away from combustion chamber motion.
5. cylinder head as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the pressure chamber also includes the second chamber, position
In the plunger towards the side of the combustion chamber, the inwall of second chamber, which is provided with, to be in communication with the outside
Stomata.
6. cylinder head as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterised in that the pressure chamber also includes the second chamber,
Positioned at the plunger towards the side of the combustion chamber, fluid is filled with second chamber；
The pressure chamber can also promote the plunger to drive the work by the Fluid pressure of second chamber
Plug is away from combustion chamber motion.
7. cylinder head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including for closing the close of the opening
Capping, the closure is connected with the inner wall sealing of the pressure chamber, and confession is offered in the closure
The through hole that the plunger rod is passed through.
8. cylinder head as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the inwall of the through hole and the plunger rod
Between be provided with annular oil seal.
9. cylinder head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the piston has inner chamber, the inner chamber
For setting fuel injector and/or spark plug；
The fuel injector, one end of the spark plug pass through the piston, for stretching into the combustion chamber.
10. cylinder head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also including connector, respectively with the post
Stopper rod stretches out the part of the pressure chamber and the piston stretches out the part connection of the piston hole.
11. a kind of engine, it is characterised in that including the cylinder head any one of claim 1-10.
12. engine as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that the engine has along arranged in a straight line
Multiple cylinders, each cylinder is equipped with the piston and the plunger；
The piston, the orientation of plunger are consistent with the orientation of the multiple cylinder, the multiple
All pistons, the plunger of cylinder are connected with each other and are synchronized with the movement.
13. a kind of control method of engine described in claim 11 or 12 a, it is characterised in that air intake duct
One piston setting position of flow correspondence, the different piston setting position of different air intake duct flow correspondences,
Piston setting position corresponding to each flow meets compression ratio sets requirement；
The control method includes：
Obtain the present flow rate of the engine inlets and the current location of the piston；
The current location is compared with the piston setting position corresponding to the present flow rate：
If the current location is different from the setting position, control the piston movement to institute
State setting position.
14. a kind of control module, for controlling the engine described in claim 11 or 12, it is characterised in that
Including：
Memory cell, the setting position for storing the piston corresponding to the different flow with engine inlets
Put, the setting position of flow one piston of correspondence, the setting position of piston corresponding to each flow is expired
Sufficient compression ratio sets requirement；
Acquiring unit, for obtaining the present flow rate of the engine inlets and working as the piston
Front position；
Comparing unit, the setting position for the piston by the current location and corresponding to the present flow rate
Put and be compared and export comparative result；
Output unit, for being instructed according to the comparative result output control, to control the piston movement,
When the current location is different from the setting position, then the piston movement is controlled to the setting position
Put.
15. control module as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that the control module is integrated in engine
ECU or engine ECM.
16. a kind of engine, it is characterised in that including：Cylinder head any one of claim 1-10,
And the control module described in claims 14 or 15.
17. a kind of automobile, it is characterised in that including：Cylinder head any one of claim 1-10.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610269973.4A CN107313856B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Cylinder head, engine and its control method, control module and automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610269973.4A CN107313856B (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2016-04-27 | Cylinder head, engine and its control method, control module and automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107313856A true CN107313856A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
| CN107313856B CN107313856B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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ID=60185029
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111379621A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Variable compression ratio engine and automobile |
| CN113431697A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-09-24 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Cylinder head for an engine, engine and exhaust gas recirculation system |
| CN113669170A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-19 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine compression ratio adjusting method and device |
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| US20150101574A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-16 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable compression ratio engine |
| CN105221274A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-01-06 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | For the variable compression ratio of motor, variable compression ratio engine and automobile |
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| USRE18595E (en) * | 1932-09-13 | And one | ||
| GB473887A (en) * | 1936-04-15 | 1937-10-15 | Yasusaburo Hironaka | Improvements in and relating to an internal combustion engine with means for varyingthe compression ratio |
| US20150101574A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-16 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable compression ratio engine |
| CN105221274A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2016-01-06 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | For the variable compression ratio of motor, variable compression ratio engine and automobile |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111379621A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Variable compression ratio engine and automobile |
| CN113431697A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-09-24 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Cylinder head for an engine, engine and exhaust gas recirculation system |
| CN113431697B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-09-27 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | Cylinder head for an engine, engine and exhaust gas recirculation system |
| CN113669170A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-19 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine compression ratio adjusting method and device |
| CN113669170B (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-02-24 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Engine compression ratio adjusting method and device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107313856B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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